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1.
《物探化探计算技术》2019,(5)
有限元求解大地电磁正演问题时,对研究区域的剖分常规做法是采用规则化的网格。但规则化网格在剖分地形、断层、褶皱等复杂模型会产生较大的几何离散误差。针对上述情况,这里采用非结构化的四边形网格对二维地电模型进行网格剖分,并与自适应有限元相结合,由剖分的粗网格出发,利用每个频点下网格单元的后验误差估计值指导网格的局部加密,优化网格质量和数量,从而提高正演模拟的精度。通过一维K型地电模型利用本文方法算出数值解与解析解进行对比分析,验证了自适应有限元法在求解大地电磁二维正演模拟中的有效性。并通过对断层、褶皱模型的正演模拟,分析了其大地电磁正演响应特征。 相似文献
2.
《物探化探计算技术》2017,(6)
在大地电磁资料处理和解释中,大地电磁的各向异性正演一直是国内、外研究的前沿课题。这里首先从麦克斯韦方程组出发,得出各向异性介质二维大地电磁场的边值问题以及等价的变分问题,进而对计算区域进行完全非结构化三角形剖分,在单元内采用线性插值,将变分方程转化成线性方程组,求解出有限单元法数值解,获得各向异性介质下的电磁场值。讨论了电性主轴与笛卡尔坐标轴之间的夹角以及地形的起伏变化对视电阻率和相位值的影响,结果表明:起伏地形条件下,TE和TM两种极化模式的视电阻率和相位值都会受到影响,且TM模式受地形影响较大;由于介质的各向异性,视电阻率和相位断面图出现明显不同于各向同性的形态,导致横向分界面模糊。 相似文献
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利用有限元方法进行大地电磁正演数值模拟时,由于是在有限网格区域上的数值计算,模拟计算时的网格边界为截断边界,而有限元数值模拟时的大地电磁场边界条件需要在足够远处才能够满足,所以截断边界的存在可能会使大地电磁正演模拟的边界条件无法满足,致使对计算结果和计算精度产生影响。利用有限元二维正演程序,在网格边界处加载一维情况下的大地电磁场,然后固定研究区域的网格剖分,并对一维地电模型和二维地电模型在改变有限元网格边界大小的情况下进行计算。在对一维模型进行模拟计算时,截断边界对边界条件没有影响,边界条件自然满足。而对二维模型进行模拟计算时,截断边界的存在对计算结果有较大影响。利用趋肤深度作为有限元网格边界变化的量度,通过改变网格边界大小,对不同的二维地电模型进行计算比较,总结出适合大地电磁有限元正演模拟的参考网格边界。 相似文献
4.
《物探化探计算技术》2020,(1)
在大地电磁(MT/AMT)中,当浅地表存在小尺度的局部异常体时,在其附近的测点会产生电磁场畸变,导致观测阻抗和区域阻抗之间产生较大的偏差,进而给反演带来困难。阻抗张量分解可以用来减小局部异常体所导致的畸变影响,进而获得更为符合实际情况的区域构造信息,因此对局部异常体和起伏地形所造成的畸变规律的研究,对大地电磁数据处理具有非常重要的意义。这里利用基于非结构化网格的大地电磁正演程序进行正演模拟计算,设计了一个二层介质模型,将其计算结果作为区域电磁场响应信息,同时将存在局部异常体和地形起伏时的计算结果作为观测数据,进而求解电磁场畸变矩阵。通过设置具有电性参数差异的局部异常体以及起伏地形模型,研究其对电磁场所导致的畸变影响。研究结果表明,对于类似模型在研究的频率范围内,具有电阻率差异的局部异常体和地形起伏将会导致电场数据产生较严重的畸变,而磁场在该频段几乎不受畸变影响;在高频段电场畸变矩阵不能简单地认为是实数,其虚部数值较大,畸变矩阵性质更为复杂,且与频率相关。 相似文献
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岩矿石在形成过程中受湿度、含水率、温度、压力等多种外界因素的影响,这些因素会导致岩矿石的电导率连续变化,于是电导率连续变化地电模型可能更符合实际地质情况。对电导率连续变化二维介质大地电磁场分布规律,进行了有限元正演数值模拟研究。基于自适应有限元模拟技术和非结构网格剖分技术,使得新的算法可以真实地模拟电导率连续变化的复杂二维地电模型,并能够提供高精度的数值解。算例表明,海底近地表垂向电导率发生变化能够对高频大地电磁场响应产生较大影响。 相似文献
6.
一种新的二维电阻率模拟方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目前，对地下介质作电阻率成像需要将研究区域网格化。本文以格林函数为数学工具导出了网格化地电模型二维问题的边界积分方程，该方程适合于电阻率成像。用边界单元法求解该方程可以得出空间电位分布，从而进行视电阻率模拟。计算与实验结果的对比表明，这种方法是正确、可行的。 相似文献
7.
给出各向异性介质二维地电断面大地电磁场的边值问题以及等价的变分问题。对计算区域采用矩形网格中进一步三角细化的剖分方式并在三角单元内进行线性插值,解出有限单元法数值解。通过典型模型的正演模拟,得到大地电磁测深曲线,并与前人的研究工作对比,验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
8.
赵晓博 《物探化探计算技术》2011,33(5):517-521,463
利用Delaunay三角化这种网格非结构化方法。通过编程实现了二维模型的非结构化三角形网格剖分,并编写了中心回线法瞬变电磁2．5维有限元正演程序。与前人计算结果对比,在取得相同计算精度的情况下,与结构化网格相比,非结构化网格所需网格和节点数量大大减少,计算效率更高。通过将非结构化网格法引入到瞬变电磁2．5维正演模拟中,实现了对复杂二维地电模型的有限元数值模拟,提高了现有有限元算法的应用范围。 相似文献
9.
基于层状大地表面水平电偶极源电磁场公式系统,提出了比值法获取H y分量全区视电阻率计算公式。计算了层状地电模型多个收发距的电磁场各场分量E x、H y、H z,并用这三个场分量计算了全区视电阻率,以及E x/H y卡尼亚电阻率,并与模型的MT卡尼亚电阻率频谱曲线进行对比。发现H y全区视电阻率在赤道装置和轴向装置的广大区域对地电模型均有较好的响应,可进行单分量广域电磁测深。轴向装置H y全区视电阻率与赤道装置垂直磁场H z全区视电阻率相似,在低频段与层状模型大地电磁测深卡尼亚电阻率有相似的频率响应特征,在较小收发距条件下对大埋深基底就能有较好的响应。赤道装置和轴向装置测量的水平电场E x分量全区视电阻率在低频区均会进入“饱和”区。对于各电阻率定义方法,合适的收发距是较好地反映出地电特征深度变化的前提,多收发距测量有利于揭示深部电性特征。 相似文献
10.
基于非结构化网格的2．5D直流电阻率模拟 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
结合大型通用有限元软件ANSYS所提供的强大网格剖分功能,实现了2D地质模型的非结构化三角形网格剖分,并编写了2.5D直流电阻率有限元法FORTRAN语言计算程序.经计算对比表明,在节点数基本相同时,非结构化三角形网格比传统的矩形网格、矩形～三角形网格具有更高的计算精度,可以很好地拟合复杂地形和地质体边界.在此基础上,采用非结构化三角形网格,计算了起伏地形下2.5D地电模型的视电阻率异常,并利用比较法进行了地形改正.与水平地形时的结果对比表明,比较法可以较好地消除地形影响,突出局部地质体的异常. 相似文献
11.
高精度地下任意各向异性介质电性分布特征识别是当前的热门研究课题。本文以国内外前人工作为基础,基于非结构化网格,利用基于梯度恢复的后验误差估计指导网格自适应细化过程,实现了直流电阻率法三维有限元数值模拟。通过与一维模型半解析解的对比,验证了本文算法的有效性。考虑到电各向异性介质在观测中存在视电阻率反常现象,本文采用了环形扫面测量方法。通过对几种典型各向异性模型的模拟分析,得到了相应的各向异性影响规律和识别特征,各向异性主轴电阻率之间的比值大小决定了椭圆型视电阻率极性曲线长轴与短轴的比值大小,主轴电阻率的旋转方向会改变视电阻率极性曲线的形状。本文的算法研究及数值模拟技术可为直流电法数据精细处理和解释提供技术支撑。 相似文献
12.
Implementation of a Locally Conservative Numerical Subgrid Upscaling Scheme for Two-Phase Darcy Flow 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Todd Arbogast 《Computational Geosciences》2002,6(3-4):453-481
We present a locally mass conservative scheme for the approximation of two-phase flow in a porous medium that allows us to obtain detailed fine scale solutions on relatively coarse meshes. The permeability is assumed to be resolvable on a fine numerical grid, but limits on computational power require that computations be performed on a coarse grid. We define a two-scale mixed finite element space and resulting method, and describe in detail the solution algorithm. It involves a coarse scale operator coupled to a subgrid scale operator localized in space to each coarse grid element. An influence function (numerical Greens function) technique allows us to solve these subgrid scale problems independently of the coarse grid approximation. The coarse grid problem is modified to take into account the subgrid scale solution and solved as a large linear system of equations posed over a coarse grid. Finally, the coarse scale solution is corrected on the subgrid scale, providing a fine grid representation of the solution. Numerical examples are presented, which show that near-well behavior and even extremely heterogeneous permeability barriers and streaks are upscaled well by the technique. 相似文献
13.
Numerical modeling of salinity changes in marine environment of Persian Gulf is investigated in this paper. Computer simulation of the problem is performed by the solution of a convection-diffusion equation for salinity concentration coupled with the hydrodynamics equations. The hydrodynamic equations consist of shallow water equations of continuity and motion in horizontal plane. The effects of rain and evaporations are considered in the continuity equation and the effects of bed slope and friction, as well as the Coriolis effects are considered in two equations of motion. The cell vertex finite volume method is applied for solving the governing equations on triangular unstructured meshes. Using unstructured meshes provides great flexibility for modeling the flow problems in arbitrary and complex geometries, such as Persian Gulf domain. The results of evaporation and Coriolis effects, as well as imposing river and tidal boundary conditions to the hydrodynamic model of Persian Gulf (considering variable topology rough bed) are compared with predictions of Admiralty Tide Table, which are obtained from the harmonic analysis. The performance of the developed computer model is demonstrated by simulation of salinity changes due to inflow effects and diffusion effects as well as computed currents. 相似文献
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Wells are seldom modeled explicitly in large scale finite difference reservoir simulations. Instead, the well is coupled to the reservoir through the use of a well index, which relates wellbore flow rate and pressure to grid block quantities. The use of an accurate well index is essential for the detailed modeling of nonconventional wells; i.e., wells with an arbitrary trajectory or multiple branches. The determination of a well index for such problems is complicated, particularly when the simulation grid is irregular or unstructured. In this work, a general framework for the calculation of accurate well indices for general nonconventional wells on arbitrary grids is presented and applied. The method entails the use of an accurate semianalytical well model based on Green's functions as a reference single phase flow solution. This result is coupled with a finite difference calculation to provide an accurate well index for each grid block containing a well segment. The method is demonstrated on a number of homogeneous example cases involving deviated, horizontal and multilateral wells oriented skew to the grid. Both Cartesian and globally unstructured multiblock grids are considered. In all these cases, the method is shown to provide results that are considerably more accurate compared to results using standard procedures. The method is also applied to heterogeneous problems involving horizontal wells, where it is shown to be capable of approximating the effects of subgrid heterogeneity in coarse finite difference models. 相似文献
17.
New mimetic discretizations of diffusion-type equations (for instance, equations modeling single phase Darcy flow in porous media) on unstructured polygonal meshes are derived. The first order convergence rate for the fluid velocity and the second-order convergence rate for the pressure on polygonal, locally refined and non-matching meshes are demonstrated with numerical experiments.
The work was partly performed at Los Alamos National Laboratory operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under contract W-7405-ENG-36. The U.S. Government’s right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty free license in and to any copyright is acknowledged. The research of the first author was supported by a grant from the Los Alamos Computer Science Institute (LACSI). 相似文献
18.
S. R. Sabbagh Yazdi 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2006,2(4):309-317
In this paper, simulation of oil spill due to tidal currents in Persian Gulf is performed by coupled solution of the hydrodynamics equations and an equation for convection and diffusion of the oil. The hydrodynamic equations utilized in this work consist of depth average equations of continuity and motion in two dimensional horizontal planes. The effect of evaporation is considered in the continuity equation and the effects of bed slope and friction, as well as the Coriolis effects are considered in two equations of motion. The overlapping cell vertex finite volume method is applied for solving the governing equations on triangular unstructured meshes. Using unstructured meshes provides great flexibility for modeling the flow in arbitrary and complex geometries, such as Persian Gulf flow domain. The results of the hydrodynamic model for tidal currents in Persian Gulf domain is examined by imposing tidal fluctuations to the main flow boundary during a limited period of time. Finally, the developed model is used to simulate an accidental oil spill from a point in Persian Gulf. 相似文献
19.
研究了不同测量方式(井-地,地-井,井-井)下点源场井中电法的三维有限元数值模拟。考虑到深度方向上大范围的网格剖分和井眼的影响及井-井测量等因素,采用放射状三棱柱单元的网格剖分方式,以提高网格质量,减少剖分单元数;给出了三棱柱单元的坐标变换公式,进行精确的单元积分,减少了单元积分时间;结合非结构化网格技术,实现了复杂模型的模拟;开发出相应的程序实现了复杂条件下(如考虑井眼影响、井井测量、倾斜井情形、地形起伏等)电法测井的三维有限元模拟,数值算例验证了方法的可靠性及计算效率,并对不同情形下的异常响应进行了分析,为进一步的反演工作奠定了基础。 相似文献
20.
Preexisting flaws and rock heterogeneity have important ramifications on the process of rock fracturing and on rock stability in many applications. Therefore, there is great interest in numerical modelling of rock fracture and the underlying mechanisms. We simulated damage evolution and fracture propagation in sandstone specimens containing a preexisting 3-D surface flaw under uniaxial compression. We applied the linear elastic damage model based on the unified strength theory following the rock failure process analysis code. However, in contrast to the rock failure process analysis code, we used the finite element method with tetrahedron elements on unstructured meshes. It provided higher geometrical flexibility and allowed for a more accurate representation of the disk-shaped flaw with various flaw depths, angles, and lengths through locally adapted meshes. The rock heterogeneity was modelled by sampling the initial local Young's modulus from a Weibull distribution over a cubic grid. The values were then interpolated to the computational finite element method mesh. This method introduced an additional length scale for the rock heterogeneity represented by the cell size in the sampling grid. The generation of three typical surface cracking patterns, called wing cracks, anti-wing cracks, and far-field cracks, were identified in the simulation results. These depend on the geometry of the preexisting surface flaw. The simulated fracture propagation, coalescence types, and failure modes for the specimens with preexisting surface flaw show good agreement with recent experimental studies. 相似文献