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根据地面伽玛能谱测量在任丘油田南部的实测资料,经综合分析表明:①伽玛能谱测量的结果符合众所周知的放射性方法找油模式;②化探结果证实了能谱测量资料;⑨能谱测量的低值区范围与已知油田在本区的面积重合率达75％。从而证实了地面伽玛能谱测量在本区寻找油气藏的效果。 相似文献
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一种有用的解释参数——航空伽玛能谱变异系数 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文讨论了航空伽玛能谱变异系数(包括总计数率及钾、铀、钍含量变异系数, 简称伽玛能谱变异系数)的计算、变异系数图的编制方法以及它们的地质应用。伽玛能谱变异系数是一种反映放射性元素空间分布特点及其地球化学活动程度的参数。变异系数图具有信息丰富、用途较广泛的特点。结合其它物化探资料, 可用来进行地质填图和找矿远景评价等。研究表明, 伽玛能谱变异系数可做为航空伽玛能谱资料解释一种很有用的参数。 相似文献
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加拿大局把网格化象元分辨率为１２５Ｍ的航空伽玛能谱数据用于绘制以当量铀（ｅＵ）、当量钍（ｅＴｈ）和钾（％Ｋ）表示的伽玛能谱数据空间分布的数字图像，从而帮助地质填图和矿产勘探。用目视方法对假彩色单道或三道彩色合成图像进行资料解释。对放射性数据进行无监督分类可提高目视解释效果。最终数据用图像显示并将它复合在数字化的地质图上进行解释，这样野外填出各地质单元和用放射性元素含量填出的地质单元之间的异同便一目 相似文献
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地面和航空放射性钍归一化数据与地下油藏的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用地面和航空伽马射线谱测量寻找赋存在地层和构造圈闭中的石油矿产这一新的勘探方法已研究成功。使用钍归一化处理方法对钾和铀数据进行改正可压制岩性和环境因素所造成的干扰。在油田上方，归一化钾显示出低值特征，而归一化铀相对于钾而言则在油田上显示出高值特征，在油田之外显示低伍特征。笔者把异常形成的原因归结为微生物吸收微渗透碳氢化合物的结果。对涉及美国６个州和７０６个油气田的航空伽马射线谱数据的研究结果表明，其中７２．７％的油气田上有归一化钾和铀异常显示。同时，在研究区２６００ｋｍ￣２范围内新发现２７个未经证实的类似异常。在美国，包括阿拉斯加和澳大利亚大量的潜在油气田区都有航空伽马射线谱测量数据。对澳大利亚两个盆地的初步试验也表明，放射性异常区与已知油气田有正相关关系。自从１９８８年以来，笔者对地表放射性数据的研究配合土壤碳氢化合物和土壤磁化率测量在得克萨斯州Ｃｏｎｃｈｏ县发现了４个油气田。 相似文献
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砂岩型铀矿航空伽玛能谱数据微弱信息增强与提取方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用航空伽玛能谱原始测量数据，选择多元素比值分析、能谱组合特征参数计算以及利用数理统计分析等方法进行综合研究，采用图像显示和图像处理技术识别线性构造，探索应用不同方法增强并提取与可地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿有关的航空伽玛能谱测量的微弱信息。试验证明，该方法在十红滩铀矿床和阿右旗地区砂岩型铀矿找矿预测中作为远景预测参数之一是可行的。 相似文献
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通过航空伽玛能谱测量的源项分析和测量模型建立,发现航空伽玛能谱测量谱是各种源项能谱成分的合成谱。对航空伽玛射线全能谱分析方法给出了其数学分析式,其通用式可表示为矩阵式,对于矿产勘查和核环境与核应急等不同的应用领域能表达成相应的展开式。理论研究表明,航空伽玛全谱法不需要附加的上测探测器,就可直接解决大气氡修正问题,还将具有较好的经济效益。 相似文献
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航空伽玛能谱测量所提供的钾、铀和钍含量等放射性参数之间通常存在着显着的相关性,从而掩盖了一些有用信息。应用主分量分析方法可以从相关性强的多个观测变量中提取出少数几个互不相关的新变量,因此能克服上述不足之处。在CDM盆地中部地区应用主分量分析方法对航空伽码能谱数据解释的结果表明,该方法可用来协助进行岩性和构造填图,识别有利于铀矿和钾盐沉积的环境,可以建立铀和钾盐矿床的成矿模式,进行铀和钾盐成矿远景的预测。可见,在航空伽玛能谱测量中它很可能成为一种新的有潜力的解释技术。 相似文献
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本文对航空伽玛能谱测量中的高度修正和高度曲线拟合等问题做了一些新的探讨,给出了准确进行高度修正和高度曲线拟合的实用方法,可提高航空伽玛能谱测量的精确度,并能实现地面和空中灵敏度的换算。 相似文献
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Imaging spectrometry for geological remote sensing 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Without use of imaging spectrometry, imaging of the Earth's surface from aircraft and from spacecraft is hampered by the low spectral resolution and limited number of spectral bands, typically less than 10 bands of 100 to 200 nm width. Imaging spectrometry in remote sensing concerns the acquisition of image data in many narrow (< 40 nm wide) contiguous spectral bands with the ultimate goal of producing detailed spectral reflectance curves for each pixel in the image. Many minerals and rocks have unique spectral signatures with characteristic absorption features that are 20 to 40 nm wide. Imaging spectrometers allow to depict these narrow features and thus map surface mineralogy based on spectral image characterization. This paper gives a review of imaging spectrometry and addresses the following topics: airborne and spaceborne systems available, spectral and geometric data pre-processing, atmospheric correction, techniques for thematic data analysis, and applications in the field of geological remote sensing. In the final section a case study is described where imaging spectrometer data is used for mapping surface mineralogy in a hydrothermal alteration system, thus guiding gold exploration. 相似文献
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本文使用几种计算法和统计法研究美国西弗吉尼亚洲中部格兰尼克里克油田大Ｉｎｊｕｎ砂岩储集层的结构及其与采油量的关系。计算机程序根据已出版的资料编写，以适合（ｌ）计算渗透率对孔隙度的回归；（２）标绘三维孔隙度；（３）确定和标绘根据地球物理测井记录推断的相；（４）估算原始储量、累积产量和采油率。因为回归分析显示出测井记录和岩心孔隙度及岩心渗透率间微弱但重要的相关，所以，孔隙度可用干地层渗透率中以构成储集层的模式。也使用定量地层对比和多维定算法来估算在缺乏可用数据的情况下构造的影响。于井间使用克里格法内插绘制的剖面，突出了孔隙度较高的地带。使用地球物理测井资料和岩心描述，用聚类分析确定导电相。原始储量的估算结果与累计产量数据相结合，得出采油率的估算值。这些采油量变量图通常呈现在岩相图上观察到的相同的南北走向。 相似文献
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Ayman Fazea Al-Lehyani Abdullatif Abdulrahman Al-Shuhail 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(2):757-771
Near-surface diffractors are one of the problems in land seismic exploration. They can scatter the surface wave energy emanating from the seismic source and contaminate the signal received by seismic receivers. The scattered energy from the near-surface diffractors manifests itself on seismic shot gathers as strong hyperbolic events, called diffractions, masking the weakly reflected body waves. Diffractions present complications to most of surface-wave suppression schemes, especially when they have been scattered by scatterers outside the receiver line. Different methods have been used to eliminate diffractions from seismic data, including geophone arrays, filtering, and inverse scattering. Each of those methods has its own limitations. In this study, we present processing algorithms to map and attenuate near-surface diffractors of surface waves in seismic shot gathers. The mapping algorithm is based on semblance measurements and time–offset relations, while the attenuation algorithm is based on the least-square fitting of a source wavelet. The algorithms are applied on synthetic data from two different models. The first model has three near-surface diffractors, while the second model has three clusters of near-surface diffractors. Each cluster consists of three near-surface diffractors with a different geometry for each cluster. The results show that the proposed algorithms are successful in locating and attenuating most near-surface diffractors, except when the separation between individual diffractors is below the wavelength of the diffracted surface wave. 相似文献
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为扩大粤北花岗岩型铀矿找矿成果,以青嶂山矿集区1:5万210Po测量数据为依据,研究了210Po法在粤北花岗岩型铀矿找矿中的异常特征及应用效果。结合研究区地质特征,应用趋势面分析等数理统计方法对数据进行处理,结果表明:趋势面分析消除了不同铀含量的地质背景对提取210Po异常的影响;210Po法与地面伽马能谱、氡气测量、 AMT组合应用对寻找花岗岩区深部隐伏矿体具有良好的效果,多种测量方法均出现峰值的部位,为含矿构造带或铀矿体产出部位;经钻探工程验证,在210Po法及相关方法异常区揭露到铀矿工业矿段,210Po法在粤北花岗岩型铀矿勘查中具有较大的指导意义。 相似文献
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U. Santosuosso A. Papini 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(8):2037-2044
Geographic profiling is a method that proved to be useful also in order to investigate the point of origin of a biological invasion. K-means clustering and Voronoi diagrams can partition a data set of geographic positions of populations invading a defined area and are, therefore, useful in cases in which an invasion had more introduction events as points of origin. One critical point of the method is to identify the right number of clusters in which to divide the starting data set formed by groups of points on a map. The Silhouette method proved to be capable of identifying the best number of subsets (clusters) of the general set of observations by providing different values for different subdivisions of the set of observations in clusters. For each cluster, the corresponding Voronoi tessellation was built on the starting map. To test the method, we did a simulation of clusters of data (points) on a map and we verified whether the proposed methods worked efficiently with the simulated data set with hundred repeats and using a varying number of clusters on the same map. The used techniques revealed to be efficient in finding the highest probability area of the map that would include the starting points for each cluster. A case study consisted in a known data set, that is, the spreading pattern of Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (sea grapes), that was compatible (highest probability) with an original point of introduction in southern Italy and long distance (thousands of kilometers) secondary spreads via anthropic dispersal. The proposed techniques may also be applied to other kinds of data sets of biological data distributed on a map or in general on a geometrical surface. 相似文献
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常规音频大地电磁法,如EH-4电磁成像系统,在资料处理时通常不能有效分辨部分异常区域。以青海海北某公路隧道勘探为例,研究趋势面分析法在音频大地电磁测深中的应用。结果表明：通过拟合趋势面方程,可获取研究区内任一位置的视电阻率值,在拟合度较高的情况下可对区外的视电阻率值进行预测与估计;野外观测数据通常受随机因素的影响,可通过趋势面分析法对随机噪声进行平滑滤波处理;剩余值反映了视电阻率异常特征,绘制剩余值等值线图可以在去除区域背景视电阻率值后对异常区域进行凸显。音频大地电磁探测成果与趋势面分析法结合能更充分地利用地质信息。 相似文献
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T. J. Majumdar S. K. Pal Amit K. Bhattacharya 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2012,80(5):685-699
The present study was undertaken with four fold objectives, namely, (i) to estimate land surface temperature using MODIS TIR data; (ii) to calculate relative emissivities from MODIS TIR data; (iii) to identify various lithologies based on relative emissivity and land surface temperature estimation; and finally, (iv) to carry out comparative assessment analysis between the prepared lithological map and the published lithological map. The land surface temperatures for different pixels were estimated using two methods, viz., Reference Channel and Emissivity Normalization; whereas, relative emissivities were calculated by applying three methods, viz., Reference Channel, Emissivity Normalization and Alpha Residual. Lithological maps were subsequently prepared based on the estimated land surface temperatures and relative emissivity values. The present study shows that the Emissivity Normalization method gives the best results for land surface temperature estimation and also for lithological discrimination based on emissivity estimation. Twenty-four lithounits demarcated by the present study match with those of the published map, while four lithounits of the published map could not be identified in the present study. On the other hand, six additional unclassified lithounits could be demarcated in the present study, which need to be crosschecked by field study. 相似文献
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Khosrow Maroufi Naghadehi Ardeshir Hezarkhani Jamal Honarpazhouh Kumars Seifpanahi Shabani 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(8):3227-3241
The Taknar Zone is located at the northern margin of the eastern Iranian continental microplate, and it is host to the Taknar massive sulfide deposit. This study was conducted to find new exploration targets. We used multiple data sources (e.g., litho-geochemical and magnetic surveys) to produce more effective predictive maps. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis methods were used to organize the new information into favorability maps and to determine multi-element correlations. We then employed fuzzy logic modeling to create favorability maps from geochemical and magnetic data. A concentration–area multifractal method was used to evaluate the final integrated favorability map for massive sulfide exploration. Our new map identifies previously unexploited sites in the eastern part of the study area, near the boundary of the Taknar formation, with intrusive and subvolcanic rocks, with potential for mineral exploration. The newly defined targets are attractive because old mined ore bodies are also identified in the favorability map. 相似文献