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Yi Qun Tang Xingwei Ren Bin Chen Shoupeng Song Jian Xiu Wang Ping Yang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(7):1809-1816
Since the mid-1990s, multi-storied buildings, high-rise buildings and skyscrapers have been emerging due to the new round of great-scale development on the soft-soil littoral. Land subsidence in soft-soil areas caused by engineering environmental effect, especially by construction of high-dense building groups, attracts more and more attention. The plot ratio may be one of the most important factors on engineering-induced land subsidence. Thus, three geotechnical centrifugal model tests were conducted under three conditions of different plot ratios to study the ground settlement mechanism of high-dense building groups in soft-soil territory. It is concluded that the subsidence superimposition effect is obvious in the central area of high-dense building groups; the settlement increases with the growth of plot ratio. The urban planning department should take this subsidence situation into account when determining the construction plot ratio to utilize the earth more aptly and safely. 相似文献
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为了准确预测由高层建筑引发土体应力场和渗流场变化而导致的地面沉降,以比奥固结理论为基础,结合土体非线性流变理论,将比奥固结理论中的本构关系拓展到黏弹塑性,并考虑了土体孔隙度、渗透系数及变形参数随有效应力的动态变化关系。以河北省沧州市为例,建立了沧州市高层建筑荷载、地下水渗流与土体变形三维流固全耦合数学模型。在对模型进行识别、验证的基础上,模拟预测了沧州市在地下水停采、仅存在高层建筑荷载的影响下,从2010年12月底到2025年12月底逐年的各含水层组地下水流场变化特征和地面沉降发展趋势。结果表明：沧州市由高层建筑荷载引发的最大地面沉降量为40.57 mm,最大地面沉降速率为2.7 mm/a,位于沧州市区。 相似文献
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针对地下水埋深较浅地区,由高层建筑荷载引起的土体变形问题,以比奥固结理论为基础,结合土体非线性流变理论,将土体本构关系推广到黏弹塑性;同时考虑土体力学参数及水力参数的动态变化关系,建立了高层建筑荷载引发地面沉降与隆起变形的三维有限元数值模型,详细研究了高层建筑荷载影响下的土体变形特征及此过程中土体力学参数及水力学参数的变化特征。结果表明：由高层建筑荷载引起的地面沉降呈现漏斗状,以建筑物中心为漏斗中心,高层建筑荷载施加初期,高层建筑周围出现隆起,到达最大值后隆起逐渐消失;高层建筑底部浅层土体孔隙度、渗透系数及泊松比均呈现缓慢减小趋势,弹性模量呈现缓慢增大趋势;而高层建筑周围浅层土体的孔隙度、渗透系数及泊松比呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,弹性模量则呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势;高层建筑影响区域浅部土体参数的变化趋势与土体的回弹及压缩有关。 相似文献
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为了准确分析建筑荷载和地下水开采对地面沉降的影响,为吴江盛泽地区科学防控地面沉降提供决策依据,基于比奥固结和地下水渗流理论,建立了建筑荷载和地下水开采与地面沉降三维全耦合有限元数值模型,分别模拟预测了在建筑荷载单独作用、地下水开采单独作用及建筑荷载和地下水开采叠加作用三种情况下,2015-09-01—2030-08-31盛泽地区逐年地面沉降变化趋势。结果表明,建筑荷载对盛泽地区地面沉降的影响大于地下水开采。第Ⅰ黏性土弱含水层和第I承压含水层分别为建筑荷载和地下水开采单独作用下的主压缩层,单层压缩量占比分别为43.04%和54.06%;第Ⅰ承压含水层及其上覆第Ⅰ黏性土弱含水层是二者叠加作用引发土体变形的主压缩层,其压缩量之和占总压缩量的71.30%。建筑荷载和地下水开采单独作用下引发的地面沉降量的线性叠加之和大于二者叠加作用下引发的地面沉降量,建筑荷载和地下水开采叠加作用引发的地面沉降具有耦合效应。 相似文献
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采用解析法研究穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降。由无建筑物时岩土体开挖引起的地表沉降公式及半无限平面在均布荷载下的相对沉陷,推导出了穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道施工引起的地表沉降公式,并通过实例验证了此方法的可行性。采用上述方法研究了地表建筑物的重量及其与浅埋隧道位置关系对地表沉降的影响,研究结果表明：浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降随建筑物重量的增大而增大;建筑物中心到隧道轴线的水平距离是对地表沉降的一个重要影响因素,超过一定范围时建筑物的存在对地表沉降的影响可以忽略不计。研究结果可为类似隧道工程提供一定参考。 相似文献
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Hasanuddin Z. Abidin Heri Andreas Irwan Gumilar Yoichi Fukuda Yusuf E. Pohan T. Deguchi 《Natural Hazards》2011,59(3):1753-1771
Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia with a population of about 9.6 million people, inhabiting an area of about 660 square-km.
In the last three decades, urban development of Jakarta has grown very rapidly in the sectors of industry, trade, transportation,
real estate, and many others. This exponentially increased urban development introduces several environmental problems. Land
subsidence is one of them. The resulted land subsidence will also then affect the urban development plan and process. It has
been reported for many years that several places in Jakarta are subsiding at different rates. The leveling surveys, GPS survey
methods, and InSAR measurements have been used to study land subsidence in Jakarta, over the period of 1982–2010. In general,
it was found that the land subsidence exhibits spatial and temporal variations, with the rates of about 1–15 cm/year. A few
locations can have the subsidence rates up to about 20–28 cm/year. There are four different types of land subsidence that
can be expected to occur in the Jakarta basin, namely: subsidence due to groundwater extraction, subsidence induced by the
load of constructions (i.e., settlement of high compressibility soil), subsidence caused by natural consolidation of alluvial
soil, and tectonic subsidence. It was found that the spatial and temporal variations of land subsidence depend on the corresponding
variations of groundwater extraction, coupled with the characteristics of sedimentary layers and building loads above it.
In general, there is strong relation between land subsidence and urban development activities in Jakarta. 相似文献
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采水地面沉降时空预测模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地下水开采引起的地面沉降对地面建（构）筑物的正常使用和结构安全构成了严重威胁,深入研究采水地面沉降预测理论对于沉降灾害防治具有重要意义。针对本构模型和土体参数确定上的困难,采用力学推理和数学统计相结合的方法,建立了新的采水地面沉降时空预测模型。首先,利用太沙基固结微分方程,建立了反映地面沉降时间效应的半经验计算模型;其次,在分析采水地面沉降空间分布规律的基础上,利用随机介质理论研究了采水地面沉降空间分布特征;再次,综合考虑采水地面沉降的时间效应和空间分布形态,建立了采水地面沉降的时空预测模型。利用该模型计算地面沉降共需4个计算参数,介绍了参数求解方法。最后,利用时空计算模型预测了某地单井采水引起地面沉降的时空规律。研究表明,所建立的采水地面沉降预测模型能准确地反映采水地面沉降的时空规律,能方便、快捷地预测地下水开采引起的地面沉降。 相似文献
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Centrifuge modeling of land subsidence caused by the high-rise building group in the soft soil area 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
With the increase of the high-rise buildings, land subsidence induced by human activities becomes a major problem. Land subsidence
occurs slowly, but the accumulation results in the cracks in the road, the damage to the pipelines and in the tilting or the
cracking of the buildings. With the withdrawal of groundwater controlled reasonably, the engineering-environmental effect
of the dense high-rise building group comes to be the main cause of land subsidence. Based on the high-rise building group
in the soft soil area in Shanghai, the mechanism of land subsidence is studied in this paper by the centrifuge model tests.
The central area of the building group has larger subsidence and the subsidence superimposition effect is obvious. It can
exceed the allowance and cause land subsidence hazard. The land subsidence affected by the different building distances is
also studied. For smaller building distances, the subsidence superimposition effect is more obvious. The larger excess pore
water pressure in the pile-base supporting layer of the central area shows that the stress superimposition effect is larger.
The earth pressure under the buildings fluctuates by the disturbance of the pile tips. 相似文献
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Biot's linear consolidation analysis of three-dimensional fluid saturated layered soils is investigated. The time marching method, uncoupled boundary element method, and successive stiffness method are applied for the numerical modelling of this study. Settlement induced by surface loading and land subsidence due to pumping is studied. The results show that settlement induced by surface loading is mainly influenced by the properties of the soil layer, and that the settlement is larger for soil layers with smaller stiffness and greater thicknesses. The land subsidence induced by pumping is influenced by the properties of the soil layer as well as by the permeability of the pumped layer and the conditions at the top and bottom boundaries. The land subsidence is larger for soil layers with a smaller stiffness, lower permeability of the pumped layer, deeper pumping depth, larger pumping rate and an impervious top surface. 相似文献
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为了准确模拟由地下水开采导致渗流场和应力场发生变化而引起的地面沉降问题,根据Terzaghi有效应力原理,建立了地下水三维渗流与一维垂向固结的地下水渗流与地面沉降耦合数值模拟模型和以比奥固结理论为基础,并结合土体非线性流变理论,将土体本构关系推广到粘弹塑性,同时考虑土体力学参数及水力参数的动态变化关系的地下水渗流与地面沉降三维全耦合数值模拟模型.通过对比分析,结果表明:基于Terzaghi有效应力原理建立的地下水三维渗流与一维垂向固结地下水渗流与地面沉降耦合数值模拟模型模拟所得地面沉降与地下水位呈现出同步变化的趋势,并且当地下水位逐步回升至初始水位时,地面沉降也逐步回升到初始的零沉降状态.而以比奥固结为基础建立的地下水渗流与地面沉降三维全耦合数值模拟模型模拟所得的地面沉降变化趋势滞后于地下水位的变化趋势,并且当地下水位逐步回升至初始水位时,地面沉降虽也逐步得到回升,但回不到初始的零沉降状态,存在一个永久的残余沉降量.在土体参数变化方面,土体的孔隙度、渗透系数及泊松比均呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势,而弹性模量则呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,与地面沉降的变化相对应. 相似文献
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Mechanics of land subsidence due to groundwater pumping 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper presents the formulation of the basic mechanics governing the changes in stress states from groundwater pumping and comparisons among predicted land subsidence from this mechanics with existing analyses and field data. Land subsidence is a growing, global problem caused by petroleum and groundwater withdrawal, mining operations, natural settlement, hydro‐compaction, settlement of collapsible soils, settlement of organic soils and sinkholes. This paper is concerned with the land subsidence due to groundwater level decline by groundwater pumping. It is shown that the stress state consists of asymmetric stresses that are best simulated by a Cosserat rather than a Cauchy continuum. Land subsidence from groundwater level decline consists of vertical compression (consolidation), shear displacement and macro‐rotation. The latter occurs when conditions are favorable (e.g. at a vertical interface) for the micro‐rotation imposed by asymmetric stresses to become macro‐rotation. When the length of the cone of depression is beyond √2 times the thickness of the aquifer, simple shear on vertical planes with rotation is the predominant deformation mode. Otherwise, simple shear on horizontal planes is present. The predicted subsidence using the mechanics developed in this paper compares well with data from satellite‐borne interferometric synthetic aperture radar. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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当盾构隧道平行侧穿建筑物时,大多关注建筑物的横向沉降规律,对其纵向沉降关注较少。为此,针对盾构隧道平行侧穿建筑物引发的空间变形开展研究。首先,对天津地铁6号线平行侧穿四座结构形式相近的砖混建筑的实测数据进行分析,得到建筑物基本变形模式;基于工程实测并考虑土体的小应变硬化特性建立三维有限元数值分析模型,研究了盾构侧穿引发的建筑物纵向挠曲、土体变形与应力变化规律,并分析了不同建筑平面长宽比的影响。结果表明,盾构隧道平行侧穿将诱发平面长宽比较大的建筑出现"下凹式"挠曲变形,纵墙中部沉降最大可为其角点沉降的2倍,平行侧穿并不能简化为平面应变问题进行分析。建筑物修建和盾构开挖将导致隧道上方土体经历较为复杂的应力变化过程,并可划分为6个阶段。沿建筑纵向基础中部的土体与边缘土体相比,其首先经历更大的压缩变形(建筑施工导致),在盾构穿越后又产生了更大的卸荷变形。当建筑平面长宽比小于2时,盾构开挖导致的纵向挠曲变形将显著减小。 相似文献
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Monitoring land subsidence in Semarang,Indonesia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Semarang is one of the biggest cities in Indonesia and nowadays suffering from extended land subsidence, which is due to groundwater
withdrawal, to natural consolidation of alluvium soil and to the load of constructions. Land subsidence causes damages to
infrastructure, buildings, and results in tides moving into low-lying areas. Up to the present, there has been no comprehensive
information about the land subsidence and its monitoring in Semarang. This paper examines digital elevation model (DEM) and
benchmark data in Geographic Information System (GIS) raster operation for the monitoring of the land subsidence in Semarang.
This method will predict and quantify the extent of subsidence in future years. The future land subsidence prediction is generated
from the expected future DEM in GIS environment using ILWIS package. The procedure is useful especially in areas with scarce
data. The resulting maps designate the area of land subsidence that increases rapidly and it is predicted that in 2020, an
area of 27.5 ha will be situated 1.5–2.0 m below sea level. This calculation is based on the assumption that the rate of land
subsidence is linear and no action is taken to protect the area from subsidence. 相似文献
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软土地基沉降计算的误差分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对引起路堤荷载下软土地基沉降从竖应力、固结沉降、瞬时沉降和后期沉降的计算四个方面,常见计算方法误差的诸多因素,从受力、沉降原理上进行了详细分析并提出一些建议,以使沉降更为接近实际. 相似文献
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超载预压法是处理软土地基的一种有效的方法,其处理效果可以从工后沉降（后续变形）得到反映,而工后沉降与超载预压的超载比及卸载时地基达到的平均固结度有关。对于超载卸除前地基应达到的平均固结度（即卸载控制问题）,目前还缺乏简单有效的计算模型。从超载预压的原理出发,基于 曲线,提出了考虑土体骨架非线性弹塑性应力-应变关系的二元件固结模型,给出了该模型的固结微分方程,并用差分法进行了求解,与传统卸载控制理论相比显示出了较理想的结果。同时,基于该模型讨论了渗透系数和土骨架的弹塑性应变的比例对卸载控制的影响。 相似文献