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1.
西藏搭格架热泉型铯矿床年代学研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
西藏昂仁县搭格架地热田硅华中的铯达到超大型矿床规模,不同特征的热泉沉积或分布于冈底斯冰期冰碛物的外表或裂隙中,或覆于长马曲上游第5至第1级阶地及现代河床的不同部位.据热泉华野外分布的地貌部位和岩石学特征可将其分为6套.这6套泉华代表性样品的全溶法或等时线法U系测年结果表明：第1套泉华（钙华）形成于晚更新世晚期的末次冰期间冰阶晚期,相当于深海氧同位素第3阶段即MIS 3;第2套泉华（硅华）形成于中更新世晚期的倒数第二次冰期,相当于MIS 8～7;第3套泉华形成于晚更新世早期的末次间冰期,相当于MIS 5;第4套泉华（硅华）形成于晚更新世晚期的末次冰期间冰阶晚期至末次盛冰期早期,相当于MIS 3～2;第5套泉华（硅华）形成于晚更新世末期的末次盛冰期至全新世冰后期,相当于MIS 2～1;第6套泉华即现代硅华.参考前人的ESR年龄测定结果,可将搭格架热泉华的形成分为5个阶段：403～202ka BP,99ka BP左右,39～25ka BP,17～4ka BP与现代.在第3阶段硅华活动早期,有一次钙华活动. 相似文献
2.
河流阶地作为河谷中常见地貌, 其堆积物特征对气候变化过程研究具有重要的意义.通过对循化黄河Ⅲ级阶地剖面沉积特征、粒度、磁化率、孢粉以及光释光测年的研究, 初步厘定循化黄河Ⅲ级阶地形成时代为75 ka.循化盆地晚更新世气候演化可以大致划分为6个阶段: 120~114 ka, 气候暖湿; 114~105 ka, 气候较为干冷; 105~98 ka, 气候较暖湿; 98~85 ka, 气候转为温凉; 85~75 ka, 气候暖湿; 75~63 ka, 气候干冷.这6个阶段分别与MIS5e-4段相对应. 相似文献
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对贵州荔波董歌洞D4石笋的再次高密度230Th测年及碳、氧同位素分析，在16 ka 以来的部分，平均分辨率达 18a 。研究表明，氧同位素记录除反映季风的强弱变化外，能更好地揭示 H1，BA，YD以及全新世中 9.1ka，8.2ka、4.6ka 气候突变事件。碳同位素记录和沉积速率则能更好地反映气候干湿的变化。石笋记录对气候期的正确划分及突变事件的准确定位及定年，可为全球变化其他记录的研究提供一个可靠时间系列的基准标尺。 相似文献
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藏南裂谷区泉华(硅华和钙华)是受区域构造运动控制的水热活动产物，其形成年代对研究该区域水热活动历史有着重要意义。电子自旋共振(ESR)测年法是一种测定泉华年龄的有效测年手段。但存在硅华样品成分复杂，其ESR测年信号具有混合叠加、相互干扰的现象，影响ESR信号的读取；且应用ESR测年法对藏南的钙华样品研究较少，不利于全面掌握藏南水热活动历史等问题。因此对藏南泉华样品ESR测年适用性的研究将有助于指导藏南地区泉华ESR测年的准确性，同时为开展区域构造活动研究提供扎实的年代学基础。该文选取藏南阿里—日喀则地区搭格架热田区的硅华样品和夏康坚温泉区的钙华样品，开展了泉华样品的ESR信号选取和附加剂量影响、钙华ESR信号热稳定性探究，进而得到相对准确的泉华发育年代。研究结果表明：搭格架热田区第三、四级阶地处硅华分别形成于81±16 ka、177±20 ka,夏康坚温泉区河漫滩和第一级阶地处的钙华分别沉积于106±32 ka、264±26 ka。辐照剂量方面，藏南泉华样品在0～7680 Gy范围内对人工附加剂量响应良好；温度方面，硅华受封闭温度影响较小，钙华g=2.0034心信号在20～250℃范围... 相似文献
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由于新构造运动作用,宁夏沙坡头地区从早更新世以来发育了多达9级的黄河阶地.在高阶地上部发育非水相结构的黄色粉砂-砂沉积物.光释光测年结果最老为74ka,大部分年龄处于末次冰期的早期.这与黄河阶地的形成时代不一致,推断这些沙沉积物并不是与阶地同时形成的,而是末次冰期干冷环境下的风成物质.这些风成沙沉降到阶地面后,进入以砾石为主的黄河阶地堆积物而保存下来,可能指示了腾格里沙漠东南缘沙漠在末次冰期干冷气候背景下的扩张.本研究提供了在末次冰期气候干冷背景下腾格里沙漠扩张和风沙活动增强的直接证据. 相似文献
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珠江三角洲陈村钻孔剖面沉积特征及有机碳同位素古环境意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
陈村剖面位于佛山市陈村镇。AMS14C及OSL测年结果显示,剖面自晚更新世中晚期以来开始沉积,结束于全新世晚期,由老至新经历了河流相—河口湾相—三角洲相沉积环境。根据有机碳同位素曲线变化特征,结合孢粉、有孔虫等鉴定结果及沉积环境综合分析,将剖面划分为4个演化阶段:1晚更新世,34.15~24.5ka BP,属河流相沉积环境,δ13Corg平均值为-28.13‰,对应MIS 3期冷—稍湿气候,期间小幅波动;2晚更新世—全新世早期,24.5~9ka BP,属河流相沉积环境,δ13Corg平均值为-29.8‰,对应MIS 2期干冷气候及全新世早期温—干气候,YD事件得以记录;3全新世早—中期,9~6.7ka BP,属于河口湾—三角洲相沉积环境,δ13Corg平均值为-27.97‰,变化幅度小,对应暖—湿气候;4全新世中—晚期,6.7~0.44ka BP,属于三角洲相沉积环境,δ13Corg平均值为-26.94‰,变化幅度大,冷暖变化显著,气候特征为热湿—偏凉—暖干。 相似文献
9.
金沙江支流硕曲河Ｖ级及以上阶地阶面和两级带状剥夷面上发现中更新世红土层。根据ＥＳＲ、＾１４Ｃ测年资料,结合地层层位、冰期和深海氧同位素阶段对比,将红土层形成时代确定为１５０～１８５ｈａ,与康滇地区中更新世末期网纹化红土可以对比。拟建为吾斯顶红土层。红土层形成于海拔２０００ｍ以下湿热的河流宽谷环境,现今活动为２８９０ｍ以上,因此该区中更新世末期以来处于平均速率为５９ｍｍ／ａ的快速隆升状态,气候与环境 相似文献
10.
为了解滇西弥渡盆地中晚更新世以来的断陷特征及环境演化,开展了弥渡盆地各级阶地沉积物的热释光测年、沉积相和孢粉的研究工作.通过野外调查发现弥渡盆地西侧至少发育5级阶地,对应于5次间歇断陷阶段,重点调查弥渡盆地西侧的奇家营I级阶地、龙华寺Ⅲ级阶地、平安庄Ⅳ级阶地、大树坪V级阶地.I级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级和V级阶地热释光测年值分别为200.48±22.05ka,239.06±26.30ka,320.85±35.29ka和332.07±36.59ka.年代学分析结果表明:滇西弥渡盆地的地貌格局形成约33万年来的间歇式断陷运动,而且表现出早期断陷速率快,晚期断陷速率减缓的趋势.从沉积特征分析:早期沉积特征中出现半深湖沉积物,说明湖盆断陷速率相对较快,反映出该段时期程海断裂带南段的活动性相对较强;晚期主要以湖泊近岸、浅湖为主,说明湖盆断陷速率相对较慢,反映出该段时期程海断裂带南段的活动性相对较弱.通过阶地堆积物沉积相和孢粉分析研究显示,更新世中晚期弥渡盆地沉积环境主要为山间盆地河湖环境,气候由凉爽湿润→温暖湿润→凉爽湿润转变的特点.弥渡盆地西缘、北缘发育较多洪积扇,洪积扇以线性排列,东缘洪积扇较少,多为单个扇体,说明盆地西、北侧断陷速率相对较快.盆地西侧的洪积扇,由北向南规模逐渐变小,堆积物由粗变细,扇面坡度由大变小,说明北段断陷运动较强.这一现象说明盆地近代具有向北掀斜的趋势. 相似文献
11.
贵州涟江惠水段级次清晰的四级阶地是流域地貌阶段性演化的直观记录。笔者等利用差分GPS测量法精确厘定了涟江阶地的级序和高程,结合剖面观测发现从上游到下游,涟江惠水段阶地标高和级差逐渐降低,地貌面整体呈“收拢”趋势;阶地沉积物呈现砾石层厚度变小,砾石含量降低、砾径减小,砂质沉积占比增大趋势;阶地类型从基座阶地为主向堆积阶地为主演变。光释光（OSL）测年显示,T1阶地埋藏年龄31.2±2.0 ka BP到14.7±1.3 ka BP,T2阶地122.4±8.5 ka BP到66.9±3.8 ka BP,阶地年龄与贵州高原其他流域十分相近,具有同步演化特征。结合阶地时代和发育特征,认为贵州高原河流阶地是构造运动的产物。涟江四级阶地记录了在更新世以来四次构造抬升背景下,流域经过多期自北向南“削高补低”的地貌改造,逐步由构造洼地演变为山间盆地的地貌过程。 相似文献
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贵州涟江惠水段级次清晰的四级阶地是流域地貌阶段性演化的直观记录。笔者等利用差分GPS测量法精确厘定了涟江阶地的级序和高程,结合剖面观测发现从上游到下游,涟江惠水段阶地标高和级差逐渐降低,地貌面整体呈“收拢”趋势;阶地沉积物呈现砾石层厚度变小,砾石含量降低、砾径减小,砂质沉积占比增大趋势;阶地类型从基座阶地为主向堆积阶地为主演变。光释光(OSL)测年显示,T1阶地埋藏年龄31.2±2.0 ka BP到14.7±1.3 ka BP,T2阶地122.4±8.5 ka BP到66.9±3.8 ka BP,阶地年龄与贵州高原其他流域十分相近,具有同步演化特征。结合阶地时代和发育特征,认为贵州高原河流阶地是构造运动的产物。涟江四级阶地记录了在更新世以来四次构造抬升背景下,流域经过多期自北向南“削高补低”的地貌改造,逐步由构造洼地演变为山间盆地的地貌过程。 相似文献
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Rongke Xu Xiongfei Cai Yulian Zhang Liang Shan Yaoyu Chen Jianhong Qi Gang Wang 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2009,3(4):402-410
Three fluvial terraces in Porougong River in the middle reach of Shiquan River were identified, and the palynological records
were investigated to decipher the paleoenvironmental changes in the west inland of the Tibetan Plateau. Three phases of uplift
in the west inland of the Tibetan Plateau are suggested to be associated with the third, second, and first fluvial terraces
(T3, T2, and T1) being formed at ca.126-25.1 ka B.P., 25.1-4.5 ka B.P., and 4.5-1.3 ka B.P., respectively. The differentiated uplift rate
infers that the inland Tibetan Plateau shows an earlier uplift than the surroundings. Coincident with the phased uplift, three
episodes of the changes in paleovegetation and paleoclimate since late Middle Pleistocene could be identified by the spore-pollen
records, including the forests under the warm-wet climate featured by the assemblage of Picea + Pinus-Betula-Ulmus-Chenopodiaceae-Epheara in the third terrace, the forest-grassy vegetation under the semi-arid and semi-wet climate as shown by the Picea + Pinus-Chenopodiaceae-Epheara assemblage in the second terrace, and the grassland under the cold-dry climate indicated by the Chenopodiaceae-Artemisia-Ephedra assemblage in the first terrace. The association of the paleovegetation and paleoclimate changes with the phased uplift of
the fluvial terraces has revealed the important impact of the Plateau uplift. 相似文献
14.
OSL‐based chronostratigraphy of river terraces in mountainous areas,Dunajec basin,West Carpathians: a revision of the climatostratigraphical approach 
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下载免费PDF全文 Janusz Olszak Grzegorz Adamiec 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2016,45(3):483-493
The technique of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating applied to fluvial sediments provided a geochronological framework of river terrace formation in the middle part of the Dunajec River basin – a reference area for studies of evolution of river valleys in the northern part of the Carpathians (West Carpathians). Fluvial sediments at 18–90 m above valley bottoms were dated in the valleys of the Dunajec River and one of its tributaries. The resulting ages range from 158.9±8.3 to 12.2±1.3 ka. This indicates that some of the terrace sediments were deposited much later than previously assumed on the grounds of a combined morphostratigraphical and climatostratigraphical approach. The OSL‐based chronostratigraphy of terrace formation consists of seven separate phases of fluvial aggradation, separated by periods of incision and lateral erosion. Some of the ages determined correspond to warm stages of the Pleistocene – Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) and MIS 5 – demonstrating that some terraces were formed during interstadial or interglacial periods. The results provide a key for evaluating rates of neotectonic uplift, allowing us to decipher the response of a fluvial system to climate change within the context of the glacial–interglacial scheme. 相似文献
15.
东昆仑山东段北坡河流阶地发育及其与构造隆升的关系 总被引：21，自引：2，他引：19
河流系统的发育往往能反映相关地质作用的细节.对东昆仑山东段北坡众多河流阶地及其沉积物的研究表明, 该区在早更新世晚期昆仑-黄河运动之后形成的东西向盆岭相间的地貌特征奠定了早期河流为东西向外流水系的基础; 中更新世晚期以来的又一次强烈构造抬升事件———共和运动, 导致昆仑山北坡各主要河流迅速溯源侵蚀发展, 伴随河流袭夺而形成现今的水系格局; 晚更新世晚期存在一段相对较长的构造稳定期, 河谷普遍发生堆积作用, 形成分布广泛且厚度较大的晚更新世冲积层; 接近全新世以来构造运动频繁而隆升的幅度趋于减弱, 形成了5级河流阶地, 并且阶地的发育类型普遍为以高级阶地(T5) 为基座的上叠阶地, 河流至今未能切穿晚更新世稳定期形成的厚冲积层. 相似文献
16.
The drainage evolution and valley development of the Jinsha River is an important issue constantly concerned by researchers in geology and geomorphology. Despite hundreds of years of research, there is a big dispute on the formation time and the evolution process of the fluvial valley. Fluvial terraces are very important geomorphic markers for studying the formation and evolution of the fluvial valley. Through field investigation combined with Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating, we confirmed that 5 fluvial terraces were formed, and then preserved, along the course of the Jinsha River near the Longjie, which are all strath terraces. Among them, T5 developed on the base rock, with an age of (78±12) ka; all T4~T1 developed on the lacustrine sediments, named Longjie Group by Chinese, with an age of (29±1.4) ka, (26±2.4) ka, (23±1.4) ka, (18±1.7) ka, respectively. Compared with the global and regional climate change history, the terraces are all the result of the river responding to the climate change. T5 formed at MIS 5/4, and T4~T1 formed at the period of regional climate fluctuation. The relationship of terraces and the Longjie Formation, combined with sedimentary characteristics analysis demonstrate that the Longjie Formation is landslide dammed lake sediment. The landslide and blocking events.seriously influenced the valley evolution, inhibiting the river incising, and making the valley evolution defer to the mode of “cut-landside-damming-fill-cut” in the period of Late Pleistocene. Synthesized studies of the terraces and the correlative sediments indicate that the formation of the Jinsha River valley may have begun in the late Early Pleistocene. 相似文献
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António A. Martins Pedro P. Cunha Luiz Osterbeek Stefano Grimaldi Jan-Pieter Buylaert João Matos 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2010,121(2):128-140
This paper aims to provide insight into human occupation and landscape change during the Pleistocene in a central area of the Lower Tejo basin (Portugal). Detailed geomorphological mapping, coupled with lithostratigraphy, sedimentology and luminescence dating, supports the identification of a complete terrace staircase sequence. It consists of six gravely terraces located below the culminant (Pliocene) basin unit. A chronological framework for the sedimentary sequences and associated human industries is proposed and correlated with marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS): T1 terrace, not dated; T2, not dated; T3, >300 ka; T4, ∼300-160 ka (MIS8, MIS7 and MIS6); T5, ∼136-75 ka (MIS5); T6, ∼62-30 ka (MIS3); colluvium and aeolian sands, ∼30-14 ka (MIS2); valley fill deposits, ∼14 ka to present (MIS1). The oldest artefacts were found at the base of the T4 terrace, with the local stratigraphic level dated to ≥175 ± 6 ka (Middle Pleistocene). The lithic assemblages collected from distinct stratigraphic levels (T4, T5 top, T6 terraces and colluvium) are characterized by the predominance of opportunistic technological choices, a feature that can be attributed partly to the preferential exploitation of the available raw material, dominated by local-sourced quartzites and quartz pebbles. The adaptation to local raw material (texture and volume), together with subsistence patterns and behaviours, could explain the rarity of Acheulian types (handaxes and cleavers) and picks in the T4 terraces of the Tejo tributaries; this is in contrast to the same terrace of the Tejo valley, in which these types are found. Interpretation of the environmental conditions (controlled by climate and glacio-eustatic sea-level changes) affecting the hunter-gatherer human groups is also presented. 相似文献
19.
地表调查发现,横穿龙门山南段的青衣江具有上游以发育深切峡谷为主,而中下游段阶地发育较完整的特点。采用光释光测年方法对现今青衣江低阶地进行年代学测试分析,获得了低阶地的形成年代,并结合对前人资料的对比和对青衣江河流阶地已有年代学数据的分析,基本确定青衣江中下游地区的T1~T7阶地主要形成于距今7.7~9.0ka,40~50ka,75~85ka,129ka,149ka,270~300ka,740ka。结合地表调查结果进一步推断,现今青衣江主河道在中更新世及之前已经存在。因此,现今的青衣江究竟是因断块整体倾斜式改道还是后期河流袭夺而形成需进一步研究。另外,据青衣江低阶地地貌面的年龄数据估算,龙门山南段青衣江流域不同段落的晚第四纪河流下切速率不同,中更新世以来,芦山至大岗顶段的河流下切速率明显较大,很可能是芦山地震发震构造(盲逆断层)在晚第四纪期间存在持续活动的地貌响应。 相似文献
20.
滇西北丽江地区石鼓古湖的发现及其在现代金沙江河谷发育中的意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
在云南石鼓"长江第一湾"附近河段两岸发现了10多处典型的第四纪湖相沉积物露头,它们构成了金沙江第二、三、四级阶地的基座。热释光(TL)和U系法年龄测定及磁性地层学研究结果表明,该套湖相沉积物中上部的时代属于243.3～88.0kaBP的中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期,上覆的第四级阶地沉积物的年龄为88.0～80.9kaBP。湖相沉积物的粒度、地球化学和粘土矿物分析结果表明,其沉积环境有由温湿向湿热转化的趋势。根据对玉龙雪山更新世冰川作用的研究,石鼓古湖最初应是玉龙雪山西麓中更新世早期玉龙冰期冰碛物堰塞金沙江河谷而成的,中更新世晚期丽江冰期的冰水沉积物进一步加以堰塞,直至8万多年前被金沙江侵蚀而再次贯通。 相似文献