首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
石家庄污灌区表层土壤中重金属环境地球化学研究   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
对石家庄市污灌区上、中、下游3条剖面中的农田表层土壤重金属元素Pb、Hg、cr、Cd、As、Cu、Zn的含量、污染状况、形态等进行了调查与研究.结果发现.研究区表层土壤中的重金属(除As外)在污灌区上、中、下游均有不同程度的富集,其中Hg、Cd含量较高,下游表层土壤中重金属平均含量均高于上、中游.运用Muller的地积累指数法进行了污染评价,结果表明,以河北省土壤背景值计算,As未对研究区表层土壤造成污染,研究区上、中、下游表层土壤受到了Hg、Cd的污染,主要为轻度一中等的污染程度.研究区表层土壤中Pb、Hg、Cr、As、Cu、Zn的形态主要为残渣态,Cd的形态主要为离子交换态和碳酸盐态,Cd具有一定的生物有效性和潜在生态危害性.  相似文献   

2.
湖州市土壤磁化率与重金属元素分布规律及其相关性研究   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
通过对84个地表土样、17个剖面土样和11个基岩样的磁参数与化学分析测试,对湖州市进行了土壤磁化率与重金属元素分布规律、成因及两者的相关性研究.结果表明:表层土壤磁化率高值异常区与土壤重金属元素高值分布区吻合程度非常高,剖面土壤磁化率值与重金属元素含量总体上均呈向下递减的相同特点;表层土壤磁化率与重金属元素高值异常均系人类经济工程活动影响所致,主要与当地城镇生活垃圾随意堆放、垃圾施肥、工业粉尘、废气、废物和污水排放、农药和化肥的过量使用等有关;表层土壤磁化率值与重金属元素Cd、Hg、Pb、As和Cr含量之间在不同环境条件下相关性有着明显的差异.在旱地土壤中磁化率与重金属元素Hg、Pb高度相关,与Cd、As和Cr不相关;在水田土壤中磁化率与重金属元素Pb、As高度相关,与Cd显著相关,而与Hg、Cr不相关.  相似文献   

3.
对广东省南部花岗岩广泛发育地区的两个花岗岩风化剖面进行部分主量元素和重金属元素含量变化的研究表明:研究区成土过程是Na、Mg、K、Ca持续风化淋失的过程,且风化程度较高,土壤剖面中重金属元素与主量元素含量的变化趋势一致.研究区两土壤剖面的淋溶作用较强,淋溶层深达200 cm,淀积层深度为100~300 cm.在淀积层内,随着Ca、K、Na、Mg等主量元素的新生矿物沉淀,As、Cd、Pb、Zn、Ni等元素也相对富集,是广东地区深层土壤As、Pb等元素含量高于表层土壤的可能成因之一.  相似文献   

4.
利用山东省烟台市生态地球化学调查及相关专题研究所取得的分析测试数据,通过高灵敏度的识别系统和多参数地球化学评价体系的建立,揭示了在重金属污染区内酸化的土壤环境中Cd、Hg、Pb、As等重金属元素活化迁移的地球化学机制、影响因素,以及浅层地下水和玉米等主要粮食作物籽实中重金属超标的原因及生态危害。与全国土壤基准值和背景值对比,研究区内Cd、Cr、Ni、Pb等元素的基准值相对偏高,Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Ni元素的背景值相对较高。As、Cd、Cr、Ni、Hg、Pb等存在于Ⅲ级及Ⅲ类以上土壤,是主要致污因子。典型金矿污染区内浅层地下水和玉米籽实中均检出超标重金属元素,影响浅层地下水环境质量的主要指标是Pb。达到Ⅲ类及以上水质标准的采样点数占研究区总采样点数的3.47%;玉米中的Cd含量相对较高。表层酸性、弱酸性土壤占土壤总面积的55.29%,土壤酸化趋势明显。随着土壤酸化程度的加深和范围扩大,导致土壤耕作层可给性营养元素的损失及某些毒性元素(Cd、Pb等)的释出和活化,提高了土壤中主要污染因子Cd、Hg、Ni、Pb、As等重金属的活化迁移能力;富含有机质的土壤中有利于对Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的吸收,固重金属元素于土壤中,降低了土壤重金属污染的环境风险水平。研究结果为土壤修复、降低土壤重金属毒性提供了重要的科学依据。  相似文献   

5.
珠江三角洲污灌区地下水重金属含量及其相互关系   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
为了解污灌区地下水重金属含量特征,采集地表水样5组、地下水样14组进行化学组分定量分析。结果表明:污灌区地下水8种重金属元素中,仅有Ni和As两种元素超标,超标率分别为14.3%和42.9%。8种重金属含量在污灌区地表水、工厂废水以及地下水中存在明显的对应关系。Ni、Zn、Se、Cd这4种元素间存在显著或极显著的正相关关系,Cu与Pb和Cd分别呈极显著和显著的正相关关系,Cr仅与Ni呈显著的正相关关系,As与其它7种元素的相关性均不明显。聚类分析结果显示8种重金属可分为4类:Pb和Cu一类,Se、Cd、Ni、Zn一类,Cr和As均单独一类。Pb和Cu与Fe的相似性最好,Se、Cd、Ni、Zn与Mg2+存在较好的相似性,Cr与HCO3的相似性最好,As与SO2-4存在一定的相似性。  相似文献   

6.
息朝庄 《地质与勘探》2022,58(4):822-835
为研究贵州省惠水县农作物-土壤重金属污染现状,采集农作物-根系土、土壤剖面-成土母岩样品,测定Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn和pH的含量,选用富集系数、健康风险评估、单因子污染指数法、地累积指数法对农作物-土壤重金属污染现状进行了评价。研究表明:(1)农作物中水稻、玉米和油菜中以Cd累积为主,其次为Pb、Cr、Hg;金钱橘无重金属超标;农作物富集系数中Cd是Pb、As、Cr的几倍至上百倍;经玉米、油菜、金钱橘摄入重金属的人体健康风险很低;水稻中Cd的THQ大于1,对人体的健康有一定的风险;(2)单因子污染指数研究结果说明根系土以Cd污染为主;Ig揭示根系土中Hg、Cd、Cr超标可能受人类活动影响较大;(3)从土壤剖面-成土母岩系统来看,As、Cd、Cu具有继承性,尤其Cd含量在成土母岩、土壤剖面、根系土、农作物中含量超标,有部分来源于成土母岩高背景值。  相似文献   

7.
江苏南部典型地区耕作层土壤及农作物中重金属评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在江苏省南部太湖水网地区676 km2范围内采集了0~20 cm耕作层土壤样品3 121件,水稻和小麦籽实及其根系土壤样品103件,测定了As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Pb、Zn等重金属含量及pH值土壤理化指标。统计分析表明,研究区耕作层土壤重金属平均含量除As、Hg略低于江苏省背景值外,其他重金属都有不同程度的富集。与土壤环境质量标准(GB156018-1995)中Ⅱ级标准相比,各重金属污染程度为HgCdCuZnAsPb。从污染区分布看,Hg为片状污染,Cd以点状污染为主。运用内梅罗指数评价法研究表明,城市周边耕作层土壤已处于警戒状态,主要污染因子为Hg,其次为Cd和Cu;其他地区耕作层土壤总体处于安全状态。根据GB2762-2005标准和NY861-2004标准,研究区水稻籽实As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb含量均有不同程度的超标;小麦籽实Cd、Zn和Pb也存在不同程度的超标。相关分析表明,水稻籽实中Cd、Cu、Hg和小麦籽实中Cd、Cu与其土壤含量相关性好,显示可能主要来自土壤,其他重金属可能受降尘、灌溉、施肥、农药等因素的影响较大;土壤pH值与水稻籽实中的As、Cd、Cu、Hg、Zn和小麦籽实中的Zn、Cd呈负相关性,与其他重金属表现为正相关性;分析推断,这一地区耕作层土壤As和Hg主要来源于成土母质,但过量的Hg也反映出它叠加了人为活动的影响,其他重金属元素受人为源输入作用明显。  相似文献   

8.
山东安丘地区土壤-小麦系统重金属等元素间的相互作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了研究土壤-小麦系统重金属等元素间的相互作用,通过相关分析,探讨了安丘地区40件小麦籽实及其根系土中重金属元素间的相互关系。研究发现:(1)小麦籽实Cd、Hg、Pb、As、Ni、Cu、Zn富集系数与土壤pH、CEC、黏粒含量呈负相关,Cr富集系数与pH呈正相关;(2)小麦籽实重金属等元素富集系数间多数呈正相关;(3)小麦籽实Pb、Cu含量分别与土壤As、Pb含量呈正相关,籽实Cu、Zn含量分别与土壤Cd、Pb含量呈正相关。籽实除Cr含量与土壤Mg含量呈显著正相关外,籽实中其他重金属元素含量与土壤元素Ca、Mg含量关系不显著。小麦籽实中Cd、Pb、As等重金属元素含量与土壤中Mn、Mo、F等微量元素含量少数呈显著-极显著正相关;(4)小麦籽实中Cd、Hg、Pb、As等重金属元素含量与籽实中Ca、Mg、Mn、Mo等其他元素含量之间多数呈显著正相关。这些研究结果表明,土壤-小麦系统重金属元素之间、重金属元素与其他元素之间存在协同或拮抗作用,但具体机制尚需要进一步研究。  相似文献   

9.
为查明雄安新区西南部耕层土壤的重金属元素污染状况,以唐河-唐河新道、清水河-府河流经区域的农田土壤为研究对象,采用野外采样和室内分析相结合的方法,调查研究耕层(0~20 cm)土壤As、Cu、Zn、Ni、Pb、Cr、Cd和Hg元素的质量分数和分布特征,分析评价重金属元素的污染状况及潜在生态危害风险等级。调查表明,除Cd外,其它重金属元素的平均值均低于土壤风险筛选值,有55%的Cd元素样本超出筛选值,其平均值超出筛选值约26.67%;土壤中As、Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd元素均有不同程度污染,污染程度排序为Cd>Cu>As(Zn)>Pb,其中Cd的污染风险区大面积分布在研究区的中东部,具有典型面状污染特征,Cd元素重度和中度污染的比例分别为3.09%和12.74%;8种重金属元素潜在的生态危害程度排序为Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>Zn,其中Cd的生态危害为强、很强和极强的超标率分别为32.43%、31.27%和4.63%;RI值为强生态危害及其以上的比例占38.61%,平均值为287.39。综上表明,雄安新区西南部耕层土壤整体存在重金属元素的污染,重金属的潜在危害程度为中等风险。  相似文献   

10.
基于福建省龙海市4类典型成土母质的垂向土壤剖面样品分析数据,研究了常量组分和微量元素含量及剖面分布特征。结果表明:研究区在温暖湿润气候条件下,化学风化作用强烈,Ca、Mg、Na、Si、K淋失贫化,含量明显低于全国均值,Al、Fe则相对富集,风化淋溶系数(ba)和硅铝铁率(Saf)值远低于全国土壤,土壤风化程度达到脱硅富铝铁阶段,花岗岩类成土母岩区风化作用尤为强烈;剖面土壤环境质量总体较好,微量元素含量与成土母质密切有关,九龙江口冲海积成因(剖面1)土壤重金属含量明显高于其他3个剖面;多数微量元素垂向分布受常量组分的控制,As、Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb、Zn与土壤中Fe等组分具有显著正相关性。因表层土壤中细粒黏质组分随地表径流淋失或下渗迁移,导致表层土壤低Fe、Al和重金属元素;在生物地球化学循环和人为污染的影响下,Hg、Cd、Pb、Zn等在表层土壤呈富集特征;多数重金属元素的相对富集系数小于1.0,且表层土壤无明显富集特征,认为除Hg、Pb等少数重金属元素外,其他元素受人为污染影响较小。  相似文献   

11.
Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.  相似文献   

12.
The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.  相似文献   

13.
正The Precambrian shields and associated suture zones of the globe preserve important records of continental growth and destruction,the formation and closure of ocean basins,and the early evolution of the Earth in terms of tectonics,resources,and environment.They also offer critical clues on the nature and style  相似文献   

14.
正1.Introduction This special issue of Geoscience Frontiers is a tribute volume honoring the life and career of Jacques Touret.A set of research papers has been assembled,which broadly reflect his research interests over his 50 plus year career.These papers focus on the role that fluids play during the formation and evolution of the Earth's crust.Below I provide a brief summary of the life of Jacques Touret,along with a select bibliography of his more important papers.This is then followed by a brief introduction to the papers assembled for this special issue.  相似文献   

15.
正1 AIM AND SCOPE GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS(GSF)is a bi-monthly international journal that publishes in English high quality original research articles and timely reviews in interdisciplinary fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences.GSF aims to bridge innovative,provocative and challenging concepts and models related to various fields of research including petrology and geochemistry in understanding lithospheric architecture and mantle dynamics,global tectonics,economic geology and fuel exploration,geophysics,stratigraphy and paleontology with new  相似文献   

16.
正The world petroleum exploration suggests that,about70%of the world’s potash resources were discovered during oil and gas exploration(Zheng et al.,2007).The Kuqa depression in the Tarim basin is abundant with petroleum exploration data,and  相似文献   

17.
正Qarhan Salt Lake is located in the eastern part of the Qaidam Basin,which is first discovered the large potash deposit in the late 1950s.The Bieletan section is located in the west of Qarhan Salt Lake,where saline sediment  相似文献   

18.
正With the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and Resources issued the status of the Chinese geological survey and environments on 22nd April 2013.Regional geological survey in 2013 achieved new results—(why was oceanic in twice?)polar and oceanic expedition were fully completed,a national census of geography was begun,and  相似文献   

19.
正1 Introduction The Lop Nor playa,located in the eastern end of the Tarim Basin,capped with a thick salt crust covering an area of approximately 5,500 km2(Ma 2007)that closely resembles a"Great Ear"in satellite images.Understanding the formation of the salt crust can provide important  相似文献   

20.
In Liaoning, Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Gansu, Sichuan, Anhui, Jilin and other provinces in China, there is a wide occurrence of metal quantity over 1000 tons of refractory gold ores, principally because of low gold recoveries and become "stay mine". Features of refi'actory gold ores are: gold in micro-particles or a microscopic state that is wrapped in pyrite, presence of arsenopyrite and other sulfide minerals or disseminated in the crystal lattice of sulfide minerals; harmful impurity elements such as arsenic, carbon, mercury, antimony, copper with high content are closely related with the gold, and these elements affect the contact reaction between the gold and solvent extraction, making the recovery of the gold extraction process low. In the past 20 years, overseas countries have developed the application of the roasting oxidation method, hot acid (alkali) oxidation, bacterial oxidation and flash chlorination oxidation technology to solve this problem.Among these, biological oxidation has developed rapidly in the domestic market and gold enterprises abroad because of its low investment in infrastructure, low production costs, less environmental pollution, simple process and easy control, etc.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号