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1.
It has been widely accepted that reinforcement made of polyethylene and polypropylene is susceptible to creep and soil’s hydraulic conductivity varies with its void ratio. However, unfortunately there is no available sensitivity analysis on time-dependent embankment behaviour taking either reinforcement viscosity or time varying hydraulic conductivity of subsoil into consideration. The influence of geosynthetic reinforcement viscosity and decreasing hydraulic conductivity with consolidation on the time-dependent performance of embankments with floating columns is investigated using a fully 3D coupled model. For an embankment at the working height corresponding to a post-consolidation polypropylene geotextile strain of about 5%, it is shown that the assumption of constant hydraulic conductivity and the failure to consider the viscous behaviour of geosynthetic reinforcement can underestimate time-dependent embankment deformations (including differential crest settlement and horizontal toe movement). The effects of factors including the foundation soil, reinforcement stiffness, column stiffness, column spacing, column type (floating and fully penetrating), and construction rate, on the time-dependent behaviour of column supported embankments are explored. 相似文献
2.
软土地基上填筑高路堤常常面临地基承载力不足、沉降和不均匀沉降过大等问题。桩承式加筋路堤能够有效地解决这些难题。通过理论分析和有限元数值模拟,研究了路堤填土-加筋材料-桩体-桩间土之间的相互作用机理,讨论了路堤填土中的土拱效率、桩体效率、路堤底面差异沉降和筋材拉力的变化规律。研究结果表明,填土中的土拱效应和筋材张力膜效应能够有效地提高桩体效率,防止软土屈服;筋材内部拉力呈非线性分布,桩顶边缘处筋材拉力最大。 相似文献
3.
Geosynthetic-reinforced and jet grout column-supported embankments on soft soils: Numerical analysis and parametric study 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Using a computer code based on the finite element method, a study is conducted to analyse the time-dependent behaviour of a geosynthetic-reinforced and jet grout column-supported embankment on soft soils, as well as the influence of three factors: the embankment height, the elastic modulus of column and the column spacing. The cylindrical unit cell formulation is used. The numerical model incorporates the Biot consolidation theory with soil constitutive relations simulated by the p–q–θ critical state model. Special emphasis is given to the analysis of several parameters: settlement, excess pore pressure, effective stress, stress level, tension in the geosynthetic, soil arching effect and overall efficiency coefficient. 相似文献
4.
5.
Response of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced bed resting on soft soil with stone columns 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In the present study, a mechanical model has been developed to study the behavior of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill over stone column-reinforced soft soil. The granular fill and geosynthetic reinforcement layers have been idealized by Pasternak shear layer and rough elastic membranes, respectively. The Kelvin–Voight model has been used to represent the time-dependent behavior of saturated soft soil. The stone columns are idealized by stiffer springs and assumed to be linearly elastic. The nonlinear behavior of the soft soil and granular fill is considered. The effect of consolidation of soft soil due to inclusion of the stone columns on settlement response has also been included in the model. Plane strain conditions are considered for the loading and reinforced foundation soil system. An iterative finite difference scheme is applied for obtaining the solution and results are presented in nondimensional form. It has been observed that if the soft soil is improved with stone columns, the multilayer reinforcement system is less effective as compared to single layer reinforcement to reduce the total settlement as there is considerable reduction in the total settlement due to stone column itself. Multilayer reinforcement system is effective for reducing the total settlement when stone columns are not used. However, multilayer reinforcement system is effective to transfer the stress from soil to stone column. The differential settlement is also slightly reduced due to application of multiple geosynthetic layers as compared to the single layer reinforcement system. 相似文献
6.
Hormoz B. Poorooshasb 《Computers and Geotechnics》1989,8(4):289-309
The use of geosynthetic to reinforce soft-soils or peat in order to improve the load-settlement response is quite common. In such cases a layer of engineered fill, reinforced with a geosynthetic, is placed on the soft ground and the load is supported by the granular fill. In the present paper a procedure is outlined for the analysis of such a geothynthetic reinforced soil system. The granular fill is assumed to be rigid-strain hardening plastic and the soft soil is modeled by a Winkler type foundation. The grid is considered to be “rough” on its surfaces and be linearly elastic when subjected to tensile stresses. A simple transform function is used in the analysis. Through the analysis performed the influence of various factors such as the degree of overconsolidation (through compaction) of the fill, its dilatational properties, and the tangent modulus of the geogrid are investigated and discussed. 相似文献
7.
Kousik Deb N. Sivakugan Sarvesh Chandra P. K. Basudhar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2007,25(6):639-646
In this paper, considering the plain strain conditions, a numerical study has been conducted to investigate the behavior of
multi layer geosynthetic-reinforced granular bed overlying a soft soil using the Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC)
program. The granular fill, soft soil, and geosynthetic reinforcements are considered as linear elastic materials. The geosynthetic
reinforcements are modeled as cable elements fully bonded with the surrounding soil, thus neglecting any slip. The results
obtained from the present investigation showed very close agreement when compared with the results of finite element analysis
and lumped parameter modeling. The distribution of vertical, lateral and shear stresses in the soil are greatly affected as
the number of reinforcement layers is increased. If the tensile stiffness of geosynthetic layers increases and its value is
no more than 4,000–5,000 kN/m, the settlement of the reinforced foundation decreases significantly. The reduction in settlement
is insignificant when the tensile strength of the geosynthetics exceed the above value. 相似文献
8.
Stiffened deep mixed (SDM) column is a new ground improvement technique to improve soft soil, which can be used to increase bearing capacity, reduce deformation, and enhance stability of soft soil. This technique has been successfully adopted to support the highway and railway embankments over soft soils in China and other countries. However, there have been limited investigations on its consolidation under embankment loading. This paper developed an analytical solution for the consolidation of embankment over soft soil with SDM column in which core pile is equal to or shorter than outer DM column. The consolidation problem was simplified as a consolidation of composite soil considering the load shear effect of core pile. The developed solution was verified by a comparison with the results computed by three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis. A parametric study based on the derived solution was conducted to investigate influence factors—length of core pile, diameter of core pile, diameter of SDM column, modulus of DM column, and permeability coefficient of DM column—on the consolidation behavior of SDM column-supported embankment over soft soil. The developed solution was applied to a case history of SDM column-supported embankment, and a good agreement was found between the predictions and the field measurements. 相似文献
9.
Elisabeth Haza Philippe Gotteland Jean-Pierre Gourc 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2000,18(4):243-267
This paper presents a method for the design of geosynthetic reinforced soil structures, adapted for the case of a local surcharge load. The load has an important influence on the mechanical behaviour of the reinforcement. The basic calculation method is described and a design calculation method is proposed for the case of a locally loaded structure. This new approach is validated on the basis of experimental results obtained on several full-scale embankments, locally loaded to failure. These experimental results are compared to the results of calculation with partial safety factors from Eurocode 7. 相似文献
10.
The performance of pile foundations in offshore soft deposits is frequently dominated by passive loading from approach embankments for reclaimed land in Korea. This is mainly because of a Korean offshore soil profile, involving an over 30 m normally consolidated soil, with a strength that varies linearly with depth. This paper presents the results of an investigation on short- and long-term passive loading on the piles using two dimensional elastoplastic-consolidation coupled FEM analyses with large strain mode. This numerical scheme is essentially based on an updated Lagrangian formulation, which is favorably validated in cases of both centrifuge tests and field measurements. Although a parametric study is limited by some of the application, it is shown that passive pile loading is primarily affected by soil profile, pile head boundary condition, magnitude of embankment load, and average degree of consolidation. Simultaneously, time-dependent effect of shear transfer at the pile head is explicitly identified and a useful starting point in design is recommended for passive pile loading in construction (short-term) and consolidation (long-term) phases. 相似文献
11.
Depending on artificial freezing method applied in subway tunnel construction, a series of stress-controlled cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on freezing–thawing mucky clay to investigate their resilient and plastic strain behavior. In terms of practical engineering, this study focuses on three significant influencing factors which are artificial freezing temperatures, dynamic stress amplitude and loading frequency. This study demonstrates how these influence factors effect on the resilient strain or dynamic elastic modulus and accumulated plastic strain which are crucial to better understanding the strain behavior of freezing–thawing soil. The results indicate that the value of freezing temperature has slight influence on dynamic elastic modulus, but the freeze–thaw action can truly decrease the dynamic elastic modulus of soil, and soil with higher freezing temperature possesses larger accumulated axial strain. Besides, the dynamic elastic modulus decreases remarkably with the increasing of the cyclic stress amplitude, while the accumulated plastic strain behaves adversely. In addition, loading frequency has the least effect compared with other two factors, but lower frequency can generate larger accumulated plastic strain. 相似文献
12.
Axi-symmetric Analysis of Geosynthetic-reinforced Granular Fill-soft Soil System with Group of Stone Columns 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The paper presents a mechanical model to predict the behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill resting over soft soil
improved with group of stone columns subjected to circular or axi-symmetric loading. The saturated soft soil has been idealized
by spring-dashpot system. Pasternak shear layer and rough elastic membrane represent the granular fill and geosynthetic reinforcement
layer, respectively. The stone columns are idealized by stiffer springs. The nonlinear behavior of granular fill and soft
soil is considered. Consolidation of the soft soil due to inclusion of stone columns has also been included in the model.
The results obtained by using the present model when compared with the reported results obtained from laboratory model tests
shows very good agreement. The effectiveness of geosynthetic reinforcement to reduce the maximum and differential settlement
and transfer the stress from soft soil to stone columns is highlighted. It is observed that the reduction of settlement and
stress transfer process are greatly influenced by stiffness and spacing of the stone columns. It has been further observed
that for both geosynthetic-reinforced and unreinforced cases, the maximum settlement does not change if the ratio between
spacing and diameter of stone columns is greater than 4. 相似文献
13.
加筋垫层应力扩散特性试验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用数值试验方法研究加筋垫层的应力扩散特性。首先提出一种基于附加应力反算的加筋垫层应力扩散角计算方法,然后应用该方法研究了加筋垫层应力扩散角的单因素影响规律。表明加筋垫层应力扩散角的范围为45～60°,且加筋垫层设置参数和筋材参数都存在最优值,其对应的应力扩散角最大,最后应用正交试验和多元回归分析方法研究了加筋垫层应力扩散角的多因素影响规律,分析结果表明筋材的间距对应力扩散角变化的影响最大,其次是筋材的首间距,筋材长度对应力扩散角的影响最小,所得到的加筋垫层应力扩散角综合计算公式可为工程实践提供参考。 相似文献
14.
在桩承式加筋路堤设计计算及工程实践中,筋材的受力计算是具有争议且亟待解决的问题,然而,现有的研究很少关注桩承式加筋路堤中筋材应变的空间分布形式和三维模式下筋材的受力特征。采用自行研制的设备,以桩间距为变量,针对桩承式加筋路堤中筋材张力膜效应进行了物理模拟试验。试验中通过气压施加荷载,对筋材竖向变形和不同位置筋材应变进行观测。结果表明,张力膜效应下筋材应变和受力很不均匀。正方形布桩情形下,加筋材料的空间变形形态可采用空间抛物面与抛物柱面的组合来模拟。正方形布桩情形下假定筋材上所有荷载全部由相邻桩之间的4条筋带承担,得到的筋材受力计算值明显偏大。在模拟试验结果基础上,初步提出了考虑筋材三维空间变形的拉力计算方法。 相似文献
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16.
The use of geosynthetic-encased stone columns as a method for soft soil treatment is extensively used to increase the bearing capacity and reduce the settlement of raft foundations and the foundation of structures like embankments. Pre-strain is an effect occurring in the encasement during stone column installation due to the compaction of the stone material. The present study uses the finite element program Plaxis to perform a numerical analysis of the soft clay bed reinforced by geosynthetic-encased stone columns. An idealization is proposed for simulation of installation of geosynthetic-encased stone columns in soft clay based on the unit-cell concept. In the analyses, initially, the validity of the analysis of the single column-reinforced soil in the unit-cell model was performed through comparison with the group columns. Then, by considering a unit-cell model, the finite element analyses were carried out to evaluate the stiffness of the reinforced ground to estimate the settlement. The results of the analyses show that the improved stiffness of the encased stone column is not only due to the confining pressure offered by the geosynthetic after loading, but the initial strain of the geosynthetic that occurred during installation also contributes to the enhancement of the stiffness of the stone column and the reduction of the settlement. 相似文献
17.
Increased traffic volume has made it necessary to increase highway capacities by widening embankments and pavements. Adding a new embankment to an existing embankment induces additional stresses and deformations beneath the widened and existing portions of the embankment. Differential settlement may develop between and within the new and existing portions of the embankment, especially over soft soils. This differential settlement often causes pavement distress, such as longitudinal cracks or the drop-off (or sinking) of pavement sections. Different techniques have been adopted to remedy these problems, including the use of foundation columns, such as deep mixed columns, vibro-concrete columns, stone columns, and aggregate piers. However, design procedures for foundation columns constructed for this purpose are not well developed. The analyses of eight cases of column-supported widened embankments and two untreated foundations are presented in this paper. The factors considered include the consolidation of foundation soils under existing embankments and the spacing, region, and modulus of foundation columns. Two-dimensional finite difference software was used after the calibration of the model against a field case study and numerical analyses were conducted to investigate stresses and deformations of the widened embankments over soft soil with or without the remediation of foundation columns. The results presented in this paper include the vertical and the horizontal displacements, the maximum settlements, the transverse gradient change, and the distribution of the additional stresses induced by the widening. Recommendations are made for the design of foundation columns to remedy roadway pavement failure due to widening of embankments. 相似文献
18.
筋土之间的相互作用机制复杂,是土工合成材料加筋加固应用中的核心问题。通过室内拉拔试验,研究了土工格栅与砂土相互作用机制和格栅几何特征对拉拔阻力的影响。初步揭示了格栅横肋和纵肋在拉拔模式下的作用机制和格栅网格刚度对拉拔阻力的影响。结果表明,在拉拔位移较小时,纵肋摩阻力和横肋被动阻力几乎同步增长;在拉拔位移较大时,纵肋摩阻力逐步达到峰值,拉拔力的增量大部分来源于被动阻力的进一步增长。土工格栅拉伸模量和网格刚度是影响筋土界面力学特性的重要因素。 相似文献
19.
为了进一步了解我国北方新生代玄武岩地下水的赋存规律和形成演化机理,以河北省张北县玄武岩地下水为研究对象,在野外采集地下水样、测定水化学和同位素组成的基础上,利用统计分析、离子比例系数、氢氧同位素、反向地球化学模拟等方法,对区内玄武岩地下水的水化学形成机制进行了研究。结果表明：沿地下水径流方向,研究区内玄武岩地下水中多数离子质量浓度呈现增大趋势,补给区的地下水化学类型以HCO3Ca·Mg为主,TDS质量浓度多小于500 mg/L,排泄区地下水中阴离子以Cl-和SO2-4为主,阳离子以Na+为主,TDS质量浓度多大于1 400 mg/L;研究区地下水补给来源为当地大气降水;硅铝酸盐、岩盐、硫酸盐的风化溶解是地下水中离子的主要来源;溶滤作用、阳离子交替吸附作用和农业施肥等人类活动影响是控制地下水化学形成的主要作用。 相似文献
20.
部分排水条件下加筋路堤性状分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
使用椭圆帽土质模型分析了部分排水条件下软土地基土工合成物加筋路堤的性状,按照Biot理论模拟了固结行为。在路堤施工期地基土的部分固结和不同初始排水条件下,主要分析加筋体的刚度影响和地基土的强度轮廓面,以及在正常工作情况下和在路堤失效情况下土工合成加筋材料的应变特点。分析了加筋体对于地基土变形的影响。结果显示,加筋体可以提高路堤的破裂高度,可以明显地减小路堤施工期最大侧向变形、竖向变形和地基土隆起,可明显提高施工期路堤的安全系数。 相似文献