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秦岭地区印支期钼矿化特征及找矿前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
秦岭地区印支期钼矿床包括3种类型:碳酸岩脉型、断控石英脉型及斑岩型.碳酸岩脉型钼矿床与火成碳酸岩密切相关,矿体以含钼碳酸岩脉形式产出,成矿元素出现特殊的Mo+U+REE组合,以黄龙铺和黄水庵钼矿为典型代表.断控石英脉型钼矿受断裂控制明显,矿体以含钼石英脉形式产出,部分蚀变岩亦含矿.该类矿床具有与造山型矿床类似的矿体地质和成矿流体特征,属造山型矿床系列的中高温、中深成端元.典型实例包括外方山石英脉型钼矿田(纸房、前范岭等)、大湖金钼矿床、马家洼金钼矿床等.斑岩型钼矿以温泉钼矿床为代表.该类矿床与印支期中酸性小斑岩体密切相关,矿化呈细脉状、细脉浸染状产出,围岩蚀变包括钾化、绢英岩化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化、碳酸盐化等.综合区域地质情况及已有找矿勘查成果,指出秦岭造山带最北缘的碳酸岩-碱性岩带是寻找碳酸岩脉型钼矿的有利地区;华北克拉通南缘马超营断裂以北、三宝断裂以南有利于断控石英脉型钼矿的产出,其中小秦岭和熊耳山地区可出现石英脉型的Au-Mo矿化;强调应注重对东秦岭地区印支期花岗岩及其钼矿的找矿评价工作. 相似文献
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东秦岭钼矿的主要类型、成矿特征和成矿时代 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
东秦岭钼矿带是中国著名的钼多金属成矿带,也是中国最大的钼矿基地与重要的矿集区之一。本文根据矿床成因、控矿构造、矿石成分及结构构造等,把东秦岭钼矿床分为两组八大类：斑岩．接触带型矿床、矽卡岩型矿床、斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床、斑岩一爆破角砾岩型矿床;破碎带型矿床、石英脉型矿床、韧性剪切带型钼矿床和碳酸盐脉型矿床,丰富了河南省内钼矿的类型。并选取有代表性的矿床进行了成矿地质特征和成矿时代研究,认为东秦岭钼矿的成矿年龄从1884±210Ma～106．89±2．14Ma,把成矿时代空间从中生代扩展到了早元古代。 相似文献
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内蒙东部白土营子钼铜矿田的矿床地质特征、辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
白土营子斑岩型-石英脉型钼铜矿田是华北板块北缘西拉沐沦钼矿带南部新近发现的与岩浆热液活动密切相关的钼铜成矿系统.本文在矿床地质特征研究的基础上,对矿田内三个重要钼铜矿床开展了辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年,初步获得:1)白土营子斑岩型钼铜矿床的成矿年龄为248.O±10Ma(MSWD=0.52,n=6);2)白马石沟石英脉型铜钼矿的成矿年龄为248.6±6.7Ma(MSWD=1.06,n=4);3)库里吐石英脉型钼铜矿的成矿年龄为245.0±4.3Ma(MSWD =0.71,n=5);这一结果揭示该矿集区的钼铜矿化发生在早三叠世.该成矿系统的形成适值早三叠世西伯利亚板块与华北板块碰撞造山过程的晚期,二长花岗斑岩的UST结构证明含矿流体来自岩浆作用.早三叠世钼铜成矿作用在华北板块北缘及邻区有一定的普遍性,找矿前景可观. 相似文献
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巴尔喀什成矿带是世界著名的中亚成矿域斑岩型铜钼成矿带, 产出许多大型-超大型斑岩型铜钼矿床和一些石英脉-云英岩型钨钼矿床。本文介绍了巴尔喀什成矿带博尔雷大型斑岩型铜(钼)矿床地质特征, 并对该矿床2件辉钼矿样品进行了铼-锇同位素分析, 得到博尔雷大型斑岩型铜(钼)矿床的辉钼矿模式年龄(平均值)为315.9 Ma, 说明了晚石炭世巴尔喀什成矿带斑岩型铜钼矿床的形成年龄, 属海西晚期构造-岩浆活动的产物。博尔雷斑岩铜矿成矿时代介于东天山与西准噶尔斑岩型铜矿床的成矿时代之间。 相似文献
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《现代地质》2016,(1)
王坞钼铜矿床是北武夷地区近年来发现并正在勘查的具大型规模以上潜力的矿床。在矿床地质特征研究的基础上,通过锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb法测年,获得矿区中与钼矿体在空间上关系密切的花斑岩脉的加权平均年龄为(127.5±1.8)Ma(MSWD=1.4),说明其形成于早白垩世;通过辉钼矿Re-Os法测年,获得辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(153.7±3.2)Ma(MSWD=3.9),说明钼矿形成于晚侏罗世。因此,花斑岩脉的成岩时代远远晚于钼矿成矿时代,表明两者无成因联系。通过对比邻区矿床成矿特征并结合现有资料分析,推断王坞矿区成钼岩体为酸性花岗斑岩或黑云母花岗岩,位于南东方向深部,深部找矿前景较好。北武夷地区中生代主要成钼时期为晚侏罗世早期(155 Ma±)和早白垩世早期(135 Ma±),该时期钼铜矿的形成与古太平洋板块俯冲形成的弧岩浆活动有关。 相似文献
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东秦岭钼矿类型、特征、成矿时代及其地球动力学背景 总被引：88，自引：19，他引：88
文章在总结前人研究成果的基础上,综合论述了东秦岭钼矿床的时空分布、分类和基本特征。东秦岭钼矿带沿区域构造线呈近东西向狭长带状展布,钼矿床主要集中分布于金堆城—南泥湖地区内;其形成与燕山期中酸性浅成_超浅成小花岗斑岩体有关,钼矿床直接产于岩体内外接触带及其附近;矿床类型主要为斑岩型、斑岩_矽卡岩型,少量热液碳酸盐脉型。结合Re_Os同位素年龄数据,探讨了东秦岭钼矿床的成矿时代及其成矿物质来源、成矿环境、大规模成矿作用时限及其特征,以及成矿地球动力学背景、演化特点和成矿过程。研究结果表明:除黄龙铺钼矿床形成于(221.5±0.3)Ma外,东秦岭地区钼矿床的大规模成矿主要出现在(144.8±2.1)~(132.4±2.0)Ma时限之间,对应的地球动力学背景为华北克拉通与扬子克拉通的碰撞造山后陆内造山局部伸展过程、中国东部地球动力学体制大转换晚期岩石圈拆沉及伸展时期。 相似文献
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J.W. Mao F. Pirajno J.F. Xiang J.J. Gao H.S. Ye Y.F. Li B.J. Guo 《Ore Geology Reviews》2011,43(1):264-293
The East Qinling–Dabie orogenic belt accommodates the largest Mo ore district in the world. It contains 8.43 Mt of proven Mo metal reserves which accounts for 66% of the total proven Chinese Mo reserves. The Mo ore district includes 24 deposits and 12 occurrences, with four major types of Mo mineral systems, i.e., porphyry, porphyry-skarn, skarn and hydrothermal veins. The latter can be further subdivided into quartz vein and carbonatite vein types. Although Mo mineralization in the belt began in the Paleoproterozoic (1680 ± 24 to 2044 ± 14 Ma), all economically significant deposits were formed during the Mesozoic. Re/Os dating of molybdenite has shown that there are three episodes of Mo mineralization, i.e., Late Triassic (233–221 Ma), Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (148–138 Ma) and Early to middle Cretaceous (131–112 Ma).Late Triassic Mo deposits developed as molybdenite–quartz veins and carbonatite vein types. Stable isotope systematics (C, O, S) and high contents of Re and Sr indicate that the carbonatite Mo veins are mantle-derived. Porphyry and porphyry–skarn Mo mineral deposits were formed in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous and Early to middle Cretaceous. The Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous granite porphyries that are associated with the Mo deposits usually occupy less than 1.5 km2 at the surface and are situated in the East Qinling area, far west of China's continental margin. On the other hand, the Early to middle Cretaceous batholiths and granite porphyries, , with associated Mo deposits are located in the Dabieshan area and eastern part of the East Qinling area. The Late Jurassic to Early Creataceous granitoids and related Mo deposits possibly formed in a back-arc extensional setting of the Eurasian continental margin, which was probably triggered by the oblique subduction of the Izanagi plate. The Early to middle Cretaceous batholiths and granite porphyries are linked to the tectonic regime of lithospheric thinning, asthenospheric upwelling and partial melting of the crust, induced by a change in Izanagi Plate motion parallel to the continent margin.In the East Qinling–Dabie belt there are vein type Pb–Zn–Ag deposits surrounding porphyry and/or porphyry–skarn Mo (W) deposits, forming well defined ore clusters. The same spatial arrangement (i.e., porphyry Mo stockworks and outlying Pb–Zn–Ag ore veins) is also observed at the deposit scale. Thus, Mo porphyry stockworks and distal polymetallic veins belong to the same ore system and may reflect an outward temperature decrease from the highly fractionated granite plutons. Both, porphyry stockworks and polymetallic veins, can be used as vectors for further prospecting. 相似文献
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陕西柞山盆地池沟铜钼矿区含矿岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石成因 总被引：13，自引：7，他引：6
秦岭造山带柞山盆地多处发育与晚中生代中酸性小岩体有关的铜钼矿床(点),最近在池沟深部发现了厚大的斑岩型铜矿体,但对这些小岩体的形成时代和成因的研究很少。本文选择池沟地区不同类型的花岗质岩石开展地球化学特征和锆石U-Pb测年的研究。结果表明:该区小岩体主要为闪长岩、石英闪长岩和斑状花岗岩,它们为钾质钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗质岩石。矿物学、地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素特征均暗示它们是上地幔和下地壳同熔的深熔岩浆产物。与成矿密切相关的含矿岩体LA-MC-ICPMS锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为~145Ma,结合区域地质资料和成岩成矿关系的研究,认为池沟含矿岩体形成于晚侏罗世-早白垩世,柞水盆地存在一期重要的晚侏罗世-早白垩世中酸性岩浆岩和相应的斑岩-矽卡岩铜钼金矿化,与华北地块南缘晚中生代岩体和相关的钼铅锌矿床形成于同一地质事件。 相似文献
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大别山北麓钼矿床地质特征和地球动力学背景 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
大别造山带北麓新发现有大、中型钼矿床(点)十余个,是继东秦岭和东北钼矿带后又一重要钼金属矿集区.本文总结了大别山北麓钼矿床的地质特征,包括时空分布、成因类型等.大别山地区的钼矿床多沿NW向区域性断裂构造带发育,集中于晓天-磨子潭断裂以北;矿床产出受NW向与NE向断裂交汇部位控制,对赋矿围岩无选择性.钼矿化与燕山期高钾花岗质斑岩体密切相关,矿体产于岩体内部和/或接触带围岩中.矿化类型以斑岩型为主,次为矽卡岩型、热液脉型及爆破角砾岩型.成矿过程普遍具有四阶段性,成矿流体以高温、高盐度、富CO2为普遍特征.辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄集中于110～ 130Ma,且从西向东变新;钼矿床和相关花岗岩类侵入体形成于岩石圈碰撞缩短加厚之后的伸展减薄地球动力学背景. 相似文献
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A. I. Grabezhev 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2013,55(1):13-26
The overwhelming majority of porphyry Mo-Au-Cu deposits in the Urals are related to the low-K quartz diorite minor intrusions of the island-arc type, which were formed from Silurian Middle-Late Carboniferous. In the South Urals, the Cu/Mo ratio of ore decreases eastward along with enrichment in Re. At the same time, molybdenite is depleted in this metal in compliance with more sialic crust and potassium content in ore-bearing dioritic rocks. Quartz diorites at the highest-Re deposits contain 1–2 wt % K2O. At most Early-Middle Devonian deposits and occurrences of the western Tagil-Magnitogorsk-West Mugodzhary femic megazone, molybdenite is sporadic. The Re content in rocks was mainly determined using the kinetic method and to a lesser extent with ICP-MS. A Cameca SX-100 microprobe was also used for study of molybdenite. The Cu/Mo ratio of ore exceeds 600; the Mo content is commonly 1–15 ppm (occasionally up to 30 ppm and higher); the Re content is up to 0.01–0.04 ppm, sporadically increasing to 0.08–0.17 ppm. At the same time, the Re content in molybdenite often reaches 0.2–0.4 wt %. The highest Re concentration was established in the ore of the largest Mikheevsky deposit formed in the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous and localized in the easternmost part of the East Ural sialic-femic megazone. The Re content in the orebodies of this deposit often reaches 0.2–0.5 ppm (up to 1.4–2.7 ppm) and 0.21 wt % in molybdenite. The average Mo grade of ore is 80 ppm and Cu/Mo ratio is 66. These data and Sr isotopic composition of ore-bearing granitoid and metasomatic rocks [(87Sr/86Sr)t = 0.7038–0.7051; (?Nd)t = 3–7] testify to the mantle source of matter with insignificant admixture of crustal material. The same is apparently valid for Re and Cu in contrast to Mo. This statement is corroborated by the inverse correlation between Cu/Mo and Mo/Re ratios in the ore. Fluid-crystal fractionation of ore-bearing dioritic rocks is accompanied by enrichment of ore in Mo and by decrease in Re content in molybdenite. In the Tarutino ore field, the pyrite-chalcopyrite mineralization gives way to the molybdenite mineralization in line with in-sequence intrusion of diorite with quartz-bearing groundmass and granodiorite porphyry. Because of increasing silica content in granitoids, the Re concentration in molybdenite commonly remains below 0.07 wt % as is noted at the rare deposits localized in the sialic megazones. 相似文献
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东秦岭大别山段中酸性小岩体成矿规律研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东秦岭大别山段矿化中酸性小岩体集中分布在秦岭钼（钨）成矿带东段,是我国重要的钼（钨）矿带之一。矿化中酸性小岩体多是受北北西向和北北东向断裂构造控制的复式杂岩体。形成环境从浅成—超浅成—深成相,Mo元素丰度由高—低,分为浅成—超浅成斑岩钼（铜）矿化、中—深成斑岩—矽卡岩型钼（钨、铜）矿化和浅成斑岩型钼矿化三种类型。小岩体主导的钼（铜）矿床具有明显的金属（元素）或矿物组份分带,表现为各带间金属元素含量递变及不同矿物组合按序析出,成矿物质主要来源于下地壳。 相似文献
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《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2015,56(8):1114-1127
The Kalaxiange’er porphyry copper ore belt is situated in the eastern part of the southern Altai of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and forms part of a broad zone of Cu porphyry mineralization in southern Mongolia, which includes the Oyu Tolgoi ore district and other copper–gold deposits. The copper ore bodies are spatially associated with porphyry intrusions of granodiorite, quartz diorite, quartz syenite, and quartz monzonite and have a polygenetic (polychromous) origin (magmatic porphyry, hydrothermal, and supergene). The mineralized porphyries are characterized by almost identical REE and trace element patterns. The Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta ratios are similar to those of normal granite produced through the evolution of mantle magma. The low initial Sr isotope ratio ISr, varying within a narrow range of values (0.703790–0.704218), corresponds to that of primitive mantle, whereas the εNd(T) value of porphyry varies from 5.8 to 8.4 and is similar to that of MORB. These data testify to the upper-mantle genesis of the parental magmas of ore-bearing porphyry, which were then contaminated with crustal material in an island-arc environment. The isotopic composition of sulfur (unimodal distribution of δ34S with peak values of − 2 to − 4‰) evidences its deep magmatic origin; the few lower negative δ34S values suggest that part of S was extracted from volcanic deposits later. The isotopic characteristics of Pb testify to its mixed crust–upper-mantle origin. According to SHRIMP U–Pb geochronological data for zircon from granite porphyry and granodiorite porphyry, mineralization at the Xiletekehalasu porphyry Cu deposit formed in two stages: (1) Hercynian “porphyry” stage (375.2 ± 8.7 Ma), expressed as the formation of porphyry with disseminated and vein–disseminated mineralization, and (2) Indosinian stage (217.9 ± 4.2 Ma), expressed as superposed hydrothermal mineralization. The Re–Os isotope data on molybdenite (376.9 ± 2.2 Ma) are the most consistent with the age of primary mineralization at the Xiletekehalasu porphyry Cu deposit, whereas the Ar–Ar isotopic age (230 ± 5 Ma) of K-feldspar–quartz vein corresponds to the stage of hydrothermal mineralization. The results show that mineralization at the Xiletekehalasu porphyry Cu deposit was a multistage process which resulted in the superposition of the Indosinian hydrothermal mineralization on the Hercynian porphyry Cu mineralization. 相似文献
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中国大陆环境斑岩型矿床：基本地质特征、岩浆热液系统和成矿概念模型 总被引：49，自引：5，他引：44
中国大陆环境斑岩型矿床包括斑岩型Cu(-Mo、-Au)、斑岩型Mo、斑岩型Au和斑岩型Pb-Zn等矿床类型,主要产出于青藏高原大陆碰撞带、东秦岭大陆碰撞带和中国东中部燕山期陆内环境,在地球动力学背景、深部作用过程、岩浆起源演化、流体与金属来源等方面与岩浆弧环境斑岩型矿床存在重要差异.在大洋板块俯冲形成的岩浆弧,主要发育斑岩Cu-Au矿床或富金斑岩Cu矿(岛弧)和斑岩Cu-Mo及斑岩Mo矿床(陆缘弧).相比,在大陆碰撞带,晚碰撞构造转换环境发育斑岩Cu、Cu-Mo和Cu-Au矿床,矿床受斜交碰撞带的走滑断裂系统控制,后碰撞地壳伸展环境则主要发育斑岩Cu-Mo矿床,矿床受垂直于碰撞带的正断层系统控制;在陆内造山环境,早期发育斑岩Cu-Au矿床,晚期发育斑岩Pb-Zn矿床,它们主要沿古老的但再活化的岩石圈不连续带分布,受网格状断裂系统控制;在后造山(或非造山)伸展环境,则大量发育斑岩Mo矿和斑岩Au矿,它们则主要围绕大陆基底-克拉通(或地块)边缘分布,受再活化的岩石圈不连续带控制.大陆环境斑岩Cu(-Mo,-Au)矿床的含矿斑岩多为高钾钙碱性和钾玄质,以高钾为特征,显示埃达克岩地球化学特性.岩浆通常起源于加厚的新生镁铁质下地壳或拆沉的古老下地壳.上地幔通过三种可能的方式向岩浆系统供给金属Cu(和Au):①提供大批量的幔源岩浆并底垫于加厚下地壳底部,构成含Cu岩浆的源岩;②提供小批量的软流圈熔体交代和改造下地壳,并诱发其熔融;③与拆沉的下地壳岩浆熔体发生反应.大陆环境含Mo岩浆系统高SiO_2、高K_2O,岩相以花岗斑岩为主,花岗闪长斑岩次之,既不同于Climax型,又有别于石英二长斑岩型Mo矿床,岩浆起源于古老的下地壳.金属Mo主要为就地熔出,部分萃取于上部地壳.大陆环境含Pb-Zn花岗斑岩多属铝过饱和型,与S型花岗岩相当,以高δ~(18)O(>10‰)和高放射性Pb为特征,Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成反映其来源于中下地壳的深熔作用,金属Pb-Zn主要来源于深融的壳层.大陆环境含Au岩浆系统以富B花岗闪长斑岩为主,常与矿前闪长岩密切共生.Sr-Nd-Pb同位素显示,含Au岩浆主要来源于上部地壳,但曾与幔源岩浆发生相互作用.金属Au部分来源于上地壳,部分来源于地幔岩浆.大陆环境斑岩型矿床显示各具特色的蚀变类型和蚀变分带,其中,斑岩型Cu(-Mo,-Au)矿热液蚀变遵循Lowell and Guilbert模式;斑岩型Mo矿主要发育钙硅酸盐化、钾硅酸盐化和石英-绢云母化;斑岩型Pb-Zn矿主要发育绿泥石-绢云母化和绢云母-碳酸盐化,缺乏钾硅酸盐化;斑岩型Au矿强烈发育中度泥化.斑岩型矿床的成矿流体初始为高温、高fO_2、高S、富金属的岩浆水,由浅成侵位的长英质岩浆房在应力松弛环境下出溶而来,晚期有天水不同程度地混入.Cu、Mo、Pb-Zn通常沉淀于流体分相和流体沸腾过程中,而Au则主要沉淀于岩浆-热液过渡阶段. 相似文献
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选取西藏冈底斯成矿带的驱龙、达布斑岩型铜钼矿及鸡公村石英脉型钼矿为研究对象,分别挑选含矿斑岩和石英脉中的黄铜矿、辉钼矿进行Cu、Mo同位素测定.结果表明,西藏冈底斯斑岩型黄铜矿的δ^65/63Cu介于0.01‰~0.98‰,辉钼矿的δ^97/95Mo介于-0.34‰^-0.15‰,热液脉型矿床中辉钼矿的δ^97/95Mo介于-0.35‰^-0.23‰.形成于陆-陆碰撞造山后的冈底斯斑岩型铜钼矿床的Cu同位素与俯冲带产出的斑岩型矿床中的Cu同位素组成具有一定的相似性,均表现为单峰分布的特征.驱龙斑岩型矿床中热液脉与含矿斑岩中的δ^65/63Cu具有一致性,可能反映了二者在来源上具有一致性.在冈底斯斑岩型铜钼矿床中,不同蚀变带具有不同的Cu、Mo同位素组成,自蚀变中心向外,δ^65/63Cu与δ^97/95Mo表现出负相关趋势,可能与成矿流体的性质密切相关.冈底斯石英脉型钼矿较斑岩型铜钼矿δ^97/95Mo相对偏负,结合两类矿床的成矿年代,可能暗示两类矿床的成矿物质是同一源区连续演化的结果. 相似文献
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东秦岭斑岩钼矿带的地质特征和成矿构造背景 总被引：74，自引：0，他引：74
东秦岭钼矿带包涵5个世界级超大型(>5×105tMo)、5个大型((5～10)×104tMo)和一些中小型(<5×104tMo)钼矿床,探明钼金属储量超过5×106t,是世界最大的钼矿带。钼矿带的北、南边界分别是三宝断裂和商丹断裂,两条断裂分别为秦岭造山带的反向边界逆冲断裂(RBT)和主中央滑脱断裂(MCT)。矿床类型有斑岩型、斑岩-夕卡岩型、夕卡岩型和碳酸岩脉型,以前两者为主。含钼岩浆岩主要是富硅、钾而贫铁、镁、钙的花岗斑岩,只有黄龙铺和黄水庵矿床为碳酸岩脉。同位素年龄资料显示,黄龙铺形成于220Ma左右,而其余的与花岗斑岩有关的钼矿床形成于160～110Ma。结合秦岭造山带构造演化分析,认为黄龙铺矿床形成于弧后伸展背景,而其他矿床及其成矿斑岩形成于陆-陆碰撞体制。 相似文献
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东戈壁钼矿床处于东天山觉罗塔格成矿带的中部,是该地区三叠纪钼成矿带的代表性矿床之一。东戈壁矿床赋存于石炭系干墩组一套浅变质碎屑岩中,隐伏于矿体下部的花岗斑岩为其成矿岩体。文章对东戈壁钼矿床成矿岩体进行了地质特征、岩相学、电子探针和地球化学分析,结果显示东戈壁花岗闪长斑岩的斜长石为中长石-更长石-钠长石系列,钾长石为正长石,黑云母为铁质黑云母。全岩地球化学分析显示东戈壁花岗斑岩为高硅(w(SiO_2)73.36%~74.34%)、高钾(w(K_2O)4.49%~5.61%)、弱过铝质(A/CNK:1.03~1.14)的特点。成因研究显示东戈壁花岗斑岩为I型花岗岩,形成于挤压环境的地壳源区,在上升过程中经历了显著分离结晶形成的高分异岩浆岩。通过对同一时空背景下的东戈壁和白山2个钼成矿岩浆岩开展的矿物学和地球化学等方面的对比研究,表明东戈壁钼矿床花岗斑岩与白山花岗斑岩分别具有地壳源区和地幔源区的特点,是不同岩浆-热事件的产物。 相似文献