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从地球生物学角度讨论华南中二叠世海相烃源岩缺氧沉积环境成因模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨陆棚环境缺氧沉积的成因, 对查明海相优质烃源岩时空分布、恢复地史时期古环境演化具有重要意义.华南地区中二叠世栖霞组有机质丰富, 出现多方面缺氧沉积特征, 同时多门类底栖生物繁盛, 其成因一直令人困惑.简要介绍了陆棚浅海缺氧环境的生物特征及古氧相划分, 分析了栖霞组一个由纹层状灰岩和块状灰岩组成的典型的沉积序列的古氧相特征.块状灰岩的生物特征和地球化学特征均指示常氧沉积环境; 而纹层状灰岩的生物特征偏向常氧相, 沉积地球化学特征偏向厌氧相, 体现了陆棚缺氧沉积环境水体溶氧量不稳定的特点.栖霞组沉积特征表明, 栖霞组缺氧沉积环境的频繁出现与较高的生物产率有关.结合区域古地理和古特提斯古海洋背景, 认为华南地区中二叠世缺氧环境的成因与当时陆海分布格局和古海洋表面洋流系统有关. 相似文献
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武汉地区二叠系栖霞组灰岩—含泥灰岩韵律层生物产率 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选取生物产率分析指标生源w(Ba)、生源w(Al)及w(Al)/w(Ti)比值,分析了武汉地区二叠系栖霞组灰岩-含泥灰岩韵律层的生物产率变化;同时用w(V)/w(V+Ni)、w(V)/w(Cr)及w(Mo)等指标分析了韵律层的古氧相特征.结果表明:武汉地区栖霞组灰岩-含泥灰岩韵律层灰岩部分的生物产率较低,形成于常氧环境;含泥质灰岩部分的生物产率明显较高,形成于缺氧环境.这种生物产率和沉积环境古氧相随韵律层规律性的变化,证实生物产率是导致栖霞组有机质质量分数变化的主要原因. 相似文献
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以安徽巢北地区二叠纪栖霞组臭灰岩段为研究对象,从岩石学、古生物学及沉积学特征出发,探讨臭灰岩段富有机质与风暴事件沉积之间的关系。臭灰岩段岩性整体为灰黑色中厚层状石灰岩,层间夹数毫米至数厘米厚灰黑色钙质泥岩,整套岩层富含有机质;其中生物化石丰富,整体为热带、亚热带正常盐度浅水生物组合为特征;为正常浅海碳酸盐岩台地沉积,沉积期表现为一个明显的海侵过程,并受风暴作用的频繁扰动。臭灰岩段沉积环境并非"贫氧或缺氧"条件,而是正常富氧环境。富有机质特征一方面得益于沉积期较高的生物产率,同时还与风暴事件沉积作用密切相关,即在风暴作用下,沉积物发生快速堆积,有机质未来得及与富氧水体发生长期接触即被埋藏覆盖,从而导致有机质被良好保存,形成臭灰岩段富有机质特征。风暴作用频发与研究区臭灰岩段沉积期所处的低纬度特征有关。 相似文献
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以安徽巢北地区二叠纪栖霞组臭灰岩段为研究对象,从岩石学、古生物学及沉积学特征出发,探讨臭灰岩段富有机质与风暴事件沉积之间的关系。臭灰岩段岩性整体为灰黑色中厚层状石灰岩,层间夹数毫米至数厘米厚灰黑色钙质泥岩,整套岩层富含有机质;其中生物化石丰富,整体为热带、亚热带正常盐度浅水生物组合为特征;为正常浅海碳酸盐岩台地沉积,沉积期表现为一个明显的海侵过程,并受风暴作用的频繁扰动。臭灰岩段沉积环境并非“贫氧或缺氧”条件,而是正常富氧环境。富有机质特征一方面得益于沉积期较高的生物产率,同时还与风暴事件沉积作用密切相关,即在风暴作用下,沉积物发生快速堆积,有机质未来得及与富氧水体发生长期接触即被埋藏覆盖,从而导致有机质被良好保存,形成臭灰岩段富有机质特征。风暴作用频发与研究区臭灰岩段沉积期所处的低纬度特征有关。 相似文献
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广西来宾栖霞组缺氧沉积环境地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地层的岩石地球化学特征是判断其形成环境氧化还原条件的重要手段之一。本文对广西来宾铁桥剖面栖霞组中层纹状灰岩和含泥质灰岩进行地球化学分析，结合栖霞组沉积学和古生态学特征，对栖霞组沉积环境进行了探讨。岩石微量元素含量、黄铁矿矿化程度（DOP值）、痕量元素V／Cr、Ni/Co、U/Th、V/(V Ni)等比值的研究结果显示，研究区具有缺氧沉积成因的地球化学特征。 相似文献
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华南地区二叠纪栖霞组燧石结核成因研究及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
燧石结核是华南地区二叠纪栖霞组的重要识别特征之一，其成因具重要的古地理、古海洋意义。通过对湖北黄石、江苏南京和广西来宾三地栖霞组燧石结核的岩石矿物学研究，确定了栖霞组燧石结核的矿物组成和成岩作用序列。研究区燧石结核主要由微石英、负延性玉髓、粗晶石英组成，并含少量白云石、方解石及生物碎屑。其中，微石英、负延性玉髓、正延性玉髓、白云石形成于早期成岩作用，方解石晶粒形成于晚期成岩作用，粗晶石英的形成则具有多期性。结合栖霞组菊花状天青石和海泡石成因研究结果，本文认为组成栖霞组燧石结核的硅质来源与当时全球硅质生物的繁盛有关。燧石结核内玉髓和白云石形成环境条件及形成时间的确定，为建立更加合理的燧石结核成因模式和白云岩化模式提供了重要资料，同时也对深入探讨本区二叠纪层状硅质岩的成因具启发意义。 相似文献
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我国华南地区二叠系栖霞组沉积了多套富有机碳的暗色岩系,是华南地区油气勘探的潜在烃源岩。其形成主要与水体的氧化还原以及古特提斯海洋洋流系统有关。然而,栖霞期水体的缺氧-贫氧的成因模式还需要更多的地质证据。本文选择湖北省恩施剖面栖霞组下部臭灰岩段钙质页岩及碳酸盐岩夹层为研究对象,开展稀土元素REE、微量元素Th/U比值以及碳酸盐矿物晶格内微量硫酸盐硫同位素组成分析。研究结果表明,栖霞组下部臭灰岩段的下部沉积水体主要为缺氧至贫氧条件,而臭灰岩段上部主要为贫氧至氧化条件。这些缺氧至贫氧沉积主要是由洋流的上涌造成。洋流的上涌将深水环境中缺氧、贫氧的底部水体涌至陆棚斜坡地带,造成斜坡浅水地带形成一个近似倒三角的缺氧-贫氧水体带,从而沉积了栖霞组暗色薄层石灰岩或钙质页岩。 相似文献
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为探讨下扬子地区二叠系硅质岩的硅质来源和形成背景,以巢湖地区二叠纪栖霞组和孤峰组硅质岩为研究对象,收集了前人大量有关栖霞组和孤峰组的研究成果和数据,并对采自栖霞组和孤峰组硅质岩样品进行了主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素测试。栖霞组、孤峰组硅质岩样品测试结果显示,硅质岩的稀土元素经北美页岩标准化后的配分曲线近似平坦型向左倾斜,有弱Ce负异常,且HREE弱富集,反映了热水沉积硅质岩的特征。研究区硅质岩样品的Al Fe Mn三角图中,样品投点分布较广,即Al比值变化范围较大,认为是岩浆在喷发过程中受硅-铝质陆壳混染作用的结果。结合沉积环境判别指标分析认为：栖霞组硅质岩沉积时期其沉积环境主要为大陆边缘环境;孤峰组硅质岩沉积时期其沉积环境为大陆边缘-海盆过渡环境。从栖霞组到孤峰组沉积时期,海侵规模不断变大,水体变深,海盆面积扩大,研究区在不同时期沉积环境存在差异。研究区栖霞组、孤峰组硅质岩的沉积与大陆边缘裂陷活动紧密相关。 相似文献
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虽然在滇西昌宁-孟连带内发现了泥盆纪至中三叠世的放射虫硅质岩,但是目前对其构造古地理意义仍然有争议。对昌宁-孟连带晚石炭世至早二叠世碳酸盐岩地层内鲕粒灰岩进行了研究,结果表明,该套碳酸盐岩形成于动荡浅水沉积环境,其成因可能与古特提斯洋内碳酸盐岩洋岛海山有关,并且反映了温暖、较为干燥的古气候背景。根据地质背景资料分析,它们应该形成于南亚热带较干燥的气候环境。与东西两侧同期地层形成的古气候背景对比发现,在石炭纪-二叠纪时,昌宁-孟连带是分隔滨冈瓦纳地块群和华夏地块群的主支洋盆;在早二叠世时,该洋盆宽度约10°古纬距。 相似文献
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《Sedimentology》2018,65(4):1097-1131
Wide carbonate platform environments developed on the western passive margin of the Tethys during the Late Triassic, after a major climate change (Carnian Pluvial Episode) that produced a crisis of high‐relief microbial carbonate platforms. The peritidal succession of this epicontinental platform (Dolomia Principale/Hauptdolomit, Dachstein Limestone) is widespread in the Mediterranean region. However, the start‐up stage is not fully understood. The original platform to basin depositional geometries of the system have been studied in the north‐eastern Southern Alps, close to the Italian/Slovenian boundary where they are exceptionally preserved. Sedimentological features have been investigated in detail by measuring several stratigraphic sections cropping out along an ideal depositional profile. The analysis of the facies architecture allowed reconstruction of the palaeoenvironments of the Dolomia Principale platform during its start‐up and early growth stages in the late Carnian. The carbonate platform was characterized by an outer platform area, connected northward to steep slopes facing a relatively deep basin. Southward, the outer platform was connected to inner sheltered environments by a narrow, often emerged shelf crest. Behind this zone, carbonate sedimentation occurred in shallow lagoons and tidal flats, passing inward to a siliciclastic mudflat. The Dolomia Principale platform was initially aggrading and able to keep pace with a concomitant sea‐level rise, and then prograding during the late Carnian. This stratigraphic interval was correlated with the Tuvalian succession of the Dolomites, allowing depiction of the depositional system on a wide scale of hundreds of kilometres. This large‐scale depositional system presents features in common with some Palaeozoic and Mesozoic carbonate build‐ups (for example, the Permian Capitan Reef complex, Anisian Latemar platform), both in terms of architecture and prevailing carbonate producers. A microbial‐dominated carbonate factory is found in the outer platform and upper slope. The recovery of high‐relief microbial carbonate platforms marks the end of the Carnian Pluvial Episode in the Tuvalian of Tethys. 相似文献
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The interpretation of the (Lower Carboniferous) basalt- (Middle Carboniferous to Middle Permian) carbonate succession in the central zone of the Changning-Menglian Belt in western Yunnan, China as a seamount is one of the major arguments supporting a large ocean model of the Changning-Menglian Tethys. Our field investigations and laboratory work lead to the conclusion that the basalt-carbonate succession of the Changning-Menglian Belt is not genetically related to seamount. It is a normal lithological succession that developed on continental crust, and it is underlain and overlain by marine carbonate and/or clastic deposits. 相似文献
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Because oxygen deficient conditions enhance the preservation of depositional organic matter, analysis on paleooxygenation conditions of depositional environments becomes a routine work in evaluations of potential hydrocarbon source rocks. The article focuses on depositional and ecological features relating to oxygen deficient shelfal environments at the Shangsi (上寺) Section, as a part of multidiscipline collaboration to reevaluate the hydrocarbon potential of the Middle and Upper Permian, Guangyuan (广元), Northeast Sichuan (四川) Province. Icbnofabric Zoophycos, sepioilte-bearing limestones (SBL) were interpreted as indicators of dysaerobic environments. Laminated calcareous and/or siliceous mudstones with pelagic ammonites and radiolarians were believed to be the deposits of anaerobic environments. When rhythmic succession was considered, average strategy was adopted for the oxygenation explanation of a given intervaL The anaerobic condition in this Permian section was observed in the upper part of the latest Permian Dalong (大隆) Formation, in which siliceous mudstones with ammonite, radiolarians develop in association with lower U/Mo ratio, lower biomarker ratio of Pr/Ph, and the highest TOC content. The topmost Maokou (茅口) Formation, featured by thin-bedded calcareous and siliceous mudstones with ammonite, thin-shelled bivalves, and laminations would be deposits of the quasianaerobic condition. The middle part of the Members and Ⅲ of the Chihsia Formation is proposed to be dysaerobic condition as indicated by occurrences of SBL and ichnofabric features, with the Member Ⅲ being the severe dysaerobic condition. 相似文献
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Solotchina E. P. Kuzmin M. I. Solotchin P. A. Maltsev A. E. Leonova G. A. Krivonogov S. K. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2021,496(1):17-23
Doklady Earth Sciences - We present the results of studying the Holocene sediments of Bolshie Toroki Lake, a shallow brackish lake with carbonate sedimentation and high bioproductivity, located in... 相似文献
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The Camden Syncline and the Lapstone Structual Complex are two major geological features of the central Sydney Basin. We have interpreted over 500 km (45 lines) of an unpublished recenty reprocessed seismic dataset as a means to elucidating the evolution of both features. Major horizons observed in the seismic data have been described and correlated with significant tectonic events that shaped the formation of the greater Sydney–Gunnedah–Bowen Basin; namely Early Permian extension, mid-Permian passive thermal subsidence and Late Permian to mid-Triassic foreland loading. Horizon mapping shows that the Camden Syncline is a broad north-northeast plunging structure whose western limb is truncated by the north–south trending faults and folds of the Lapstone Structural Complex. Furthermore, isochron maps reveal that the Late Permian to mid-Triassic sedimentary succession thickens towards the axis of the Camden Syncline, thus confirming it's role as a depocentre during this period of basin evolution. No abrupt thickening is observed in the Late Permian to mid-Triassic sedimentary succession in the vicinity of the Lapstone Structural Complex indicating that the Lapstone Structural Complex was formed subsequent to the deposition of the Permian–Triassic Sydney Basin sedimentary succession. Furthermore, our interpretation of the reprocessed seismic data confirms that the major structural style of the Lapstone Structural Complex is that of west dipping reverse faults and east facing monoclines. 相似文献
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川东地区二叠系结核状、条带状和团块状硅岩发育,主要分布于茅口组上段及吴家坪组,夹于石灰岩层间或层内。通过野外露头观察、室内薄片鉴定以及主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素分析,对广元长江沟、旺苍双汇、宣汉立石河和巫溪尖山的二叠系硅岩进行了岩石学及地球化学研究,重点分析了硅质来源,并对其成因机制进行了探讨。结果表明,研究区硅岩形态多样、分布不均,硅岩中见残余的石灰岩;硅质成分主要为玉髓及微晶石英、灰质硅岩中玉髓"侵入"方解石、相邻石灰岩中少量生屑被硅化。硅岩的化学成分以SiO2为主(52.79%～99.21%,平均为85.18%),Fe/Ti值、(Fe+Mn)/Ti值及Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值反映其形成与热水活动有关;硅岩的部分微量元素含量与地壳中该元素的平均含量差异明显,Co/Ni值与Th/U值较低;稀土元素总量低,Ce负异常,LREE/HREE值低,δEu值相对较高。综合分析认为研究区二叠系硅岩为交代成因,硅质以热水来源为主,玄武岩淋滤及上升流提供了部分硅质。复合来源的硅质通过同生断裂、表层淋滤及上升流进入碳酸盐沉积物中,在不同的成岩阶段交代碳酸盐沉积物(岩),形成了顺层面或层内分布的结核状、条带状及团块状硅岩。 相似文献
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E. N. Gorozhanina V. M. Gorozhanin T. N. Isakova 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2018,26(2):139-156
In the conjunction zone of the East European Platform and the Uralian foredeep, involved in structures of the Southern Urals (Bashkiria), sediments deposited at the shelf zone edge in the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian crop out. The Upper Carboniferous bioherm and Lower Permian deep marine–shelf boundary limestones, composing Voskresenka Mount near Tabynsk township, were studied. Results of the complex analysis of lithofacies, paleontological, structural, and also geological and geophysical data show that the Voskresenka carbonate massif, previously attributed to a single reef structure, represents the SW-dipping tectonic horst block, composed of Upper Carboniferous shelf–bioherm limestones, which is uplifted in a near break zone. As a result of tectonic processes, the edge of the late Carboniferous carbonate platform, overlain by Asselian deep-water sediments, was exhumed. The sedimentary succession shows that the paleogeographic setting at the margin of the East European Craton changed at the Carboniferous–Permian boundary during the formation of the Ural collisional orogen. 相似文献
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新疆三塘湖薄层状岩浆-热液白云质喷流沉积岩 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
新疆三塘湖地区的晚石炭世-中二叠世发育陆内裂谷型盆地,主要发育形成于欠补偿湖盆背景下的湖相碳酸盐岩与凝灰质泥岩互层的纹层状沉积岩,局部夹有火山碎屑岩以及热液喷流岩夹层。选取其中一类特殊的、以白云石和蒙脱石为主要造岩矿物构成的夹层为研究对象,通过岩石学、矿物学以及地球化学探讨其形成机理。研究结果表明,其矿物成分单一,形态自形并部分具有港湾状熔蚀的构造,显示火成岩特征。岩石整体呈薄层状,层内无明显的成层性,代表高密度流体中的沉积物快速混杂堆积。由大量细小矿物组成的斑状团块结构,则代表了在高温、高密度的碎屑流体中形成的次生火山泥粒。地球化学结果展现出幔源为主,并被壳源流体混染的复杂过程。综合分析认为,该类岩石为碳酸岩水下火山喷发作用生成的高密度碎屑流体沉积形成,并且被同期或较晚期热液改造后的一类特殊沉积岩。 相似文献
20.
臼齿状构造（Molar—tooth structure）是一种主要发育在前寒武纪非叠层石碳酸盐岩中的沉积构造。由于形态多样且缺乏现代的类比物,国内外地质学家曾先后建立多种模式来解释其成因,这些模式大致可以归为两类：地震液化模式和生物成因模式。近年来,一种新的模式：气泡膨胀与迁移模式得到了地质学家的广泛引用。产在天津蓟县剖面高于庄组第三段非叠层石碳酸盐岩沉积序列上部的臼齿状构造,虽然可以应用气泡膨胀与迁移模式来解释其形成机制,但是,考虑到臼齿状构造可能是微生物席封闭沉积面所激发的气泡膨胀与迁移作用的产物,并且气泡可能是由于细粒沉积中微生物提供的有机质的裂解作用的结果,表明了臼齿状构造的形成间接地与微生物生命活动存在关联。因此,可以将臼齿状构造归为席底构造（第五类原生沉积构造）的一种类型。 相似文献