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1.
塔里木克拉通北部沙雅隆起古元古代A型花岗岩的发现及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文对塔里木克拉通北部沙雅隆起桥古2井(QG2)基底碱长花岗岩进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和元素地球化学分析。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示其形成时代为1847±19Ma,为古元古代晚期。岩石SiO_2=66.32%~76.39%,Na_2O+K_2O=7.13%~8.93%,Al2O3=11.21%~13.46%,FeO~T/Mg O=12.1~19.2,TiO_2=0.29%~0.57%,A/CNK=0.89~0.99,为高硅、富碱、富铁、低钙镁、贫钛的准铝质花岗岩。稀土元素总量相对较低(∑REE=64.4×10~(-6)~212.7×10~(-6)),轻稀土元素富集,(La/Yb)_N=10.2~13.8,轻重稀土元素分馏较明显,δEu值为0.67~1.03,富集Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素和Zr、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Sr、P、Ti、Ta、Nb等元素。锆石饱和温度介于856~959℃之间,Ga/Al比值高,显示A型花岗岩特征。岩石具有低Y、Yb、∑HREE、(La/Yb)N和Mg~#值及较高的Nb/Ta、Zr/Sm比值,推测岩浆源区为含有石榴石、斜长石、金红石、辉石等的麻粒岩相,岩浆的形成可能与加厚地壳的部分熔融有关。QG2井A型花岗岩可能代表了塔里木克拉通北部古元古代晚期(约1850Ma)造山期地壳增厚事件的结束,指示了区域构造环境从挤压体制开始转为造山后陆内伸展体制。 相似文献
2.
随州北部正长花岗岩体呈岩脉出露,年代学研究表明,正长花岗岩中岩浆锆石SHRIMP U-Pb加权平均年龄为648.8±1.9Ma(MSWD=0.86),属新元古代。岩石地球化学成分显示其属于高钾钙碱性、准铝质系列花岗岩。岩体高硅(SiO_2=70.67%～75.75%)、富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=7.28%～8.53%)、铁镁比(FeO~T/MgO=26.37～35.50)较高、钙镁含量较低(CaO=0.60%～1.53%,MgO=0.07%～0.12%);稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾斜型,显示Eu负异常(δEu=0.33～0.56);1000Ga/Al值介于2.60～3.41,Zr+Nb+Ce+Y=552.48×10~(-6)～648.87×10~(-6);微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示,Rb、K和Th等大离子亲石元素明显富集,相对富集Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta等高场强元素,相对亏损Sr、P和Ti,以上特征表明随州北部正长花岗岩为A1型花岗岩。结合区域构造演化,认为随州北部正长花岗岩形成于板内伸展的构造环境,新元古代晚期,秦岭-桐柏-大别地区构造体制经历了重要的转变,在南秦岭东段由古秦岭洋的俯冲导致的挤压作用转换为弧后拉伸减薄作用。在伸展体制下,岩浆上涌形成本区A1型正长花岗岩。 相似文献
3.
内蒙古西乌旗石匠山A型花岗岩位于贺根山缝合带内,侵位于早石炭世迪彦庙-白音布拉格蛇绿岩带和下二叠统寿山沟组与大石寨组中,岩性为二长花岗岩。石匠山A型花岗岩富硅(SiO_2=74.18%~77.16%)、富钾(K_2O=4.31%~5.07%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=8.44%~9.16%),贫Al_2O_3、CaO、MgO、TiO_2、P_2O_5、Sr、Ba、Eu、Ti和P,具有较高的Ga/Al(3.98~6.09)、(Na_2O+K2O)/CaO、K_2O/MgO、TFeO/MgO、Rb/Nb、Y/Nb、Sc/Nb值,稀土元素配分曲线为典型的海鸥式分布,δEu为0.01~0.19,负Eu异常显著,明显不同于I、S和M型花岗岩,为典型的铝质A型花岗岩。在地球化学分类判别图解上,石匠山A型花岗岩显示A_2型后造山铝质花岗岩特征,反映其形成于后造山伸展环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,该花岗岩的侵位年龄为159.8±1.3Ma、143.1±1.3Ma、136.20±0.69Ma,即形成时代为晚侏罗世-早白垩世,揭示贺根山缝合带在晚侏罗世-早白垩世为后造山伸展阶段。 相似文献
4.
大兴安岭北部诺敏河地区碱长花岗岩锆石呈自形—半自形短柱状—板状,具有结构清晰的振荡生长环带和较高的Th/U比值(1.10～2.18),指示其为典型岩浆成因锆石。LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究显示岩石形成于早石炭世杜内期(352.9±3.3 Ma)。岩石地球化学研究显示,岩石属于准铝质—弱过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石,富硅(SiO_2=73.25%～77.01%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.72%～9.48%)、富铁(Fe_2O_3=2.06%～2.97%,Fe_2O_3+FeO=2.32%～3.33%),贫镁(MgO=0.08%～0.26%)。根据强烈亏损Sr、Eu、Ba、Ti、P等元素,REE分布曲线为右倾式海鸥型和明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.26～0.31)的岩石地球化学特征,判断碱长花岗岩属于A型花岗岩。锆石~(176)Yb/~(177)Hf值为0.03778～0.133612,~(176)Lu/~(177)Hf值为0.001095～0.004155,~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf值为0.282824～0.282863。对应的锆石U-Pb年龄计算出锆石ε_(Hf)(t)=8.9～10.6,一阶段Hf模式年龄为t_(DM1)=560～658 Ma,两阶段Hf模式年龄t_(DM2 )=815～974 Ma,指示其源于新元古代源岩的部分熔融。与额尔古纳地块早石炭世A型花岗岩的对比表明,在兴蒙造山带东北部古亚洲洋盆的闭合发生在早石炭世;结合内蒙古中部地区古亚洲洋盆闭合时代为晚石炭世,表明古亚洲洋盆的闭合是东早西晚的"剪刀状"发展过程。 相似文献
5.
扬子板块西北缘新元古代岩浆作用成因的研究对于研究Rodinia超大陆在该区的构造演化具有重要意义。本文对扬子板块西北缘米仓山地区二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和同位素、全岩主量和微量元素分析。结果表明二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为742.1±5.9 Ma,属于新元古代花岗岩。岩石具有高Si O_2(76.84%~80.08%),高碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.64%~8.99%),相对富钾(K_2O/Na_2O=0.91~1.36),低P_2O_5含量等特征,铝饱和指数(A/CNK)介于0.77~0.89之间。岩石具有稀土元素含量较高、相对富集轻稀土元素的特征,具有明显负Eu异常,Eu*=0.05~0.13,Rb、U、Th、K、Pb等元素相对富集,Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Zr、Ti和Eu等元素明显亏损。岩石n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)=0.747067~0.795283,n(~(143)Nd)/n(~(144)Nd)=0.512472~0.512661,ε_(Nd)(t)=+3.6~+5.2,二阶段模式年龄T_(2DM)值介于0.96~1.07Ga之间。综合地球化学、同位素特征及米仓山区域构造资料,我们认为坪河二长花岗岩为高钾钙碱性高分异I型花岗岩,该岩浆起源于新生玄武质下地壳岩石的局部熔融,在上升阶段可能经历了地壳的混染作用,形成于伸展的构造环境中,是新元古代晚期Rodinia超大陆裂解作用的岩浆响应。 相似文献
6.
报道了东昆仑群力地区正长花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学特征,并对岩石成因及其构造意义进行了讨论。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明群力正长花岗岩体的形成时代为376.2Ma(MSWD=0.25),属晚泥盆世。岩石地球化学成分显示其属于高钾钙碱性、准铝质-弱过铝质系列花岗岩。岩体富硅(SiO_2=74.61%～77.85%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.03%～7.94%)、高铁镁比(FeO~T/MgO=11.39～36.93)、贫钙(CaO=0.50%～1.01%)、贫镁(MgO=0.06%～0.20%);稀土配分模式表现为"海鸥型"分布特点,具有强烈的负铕异常(δEu=0.08～0.09);高镓含量(Ga=22.86×10~(-6)～27.06×10~(-6)),富集高场强元素组合(Zr+Ce+Nb+Y=720×10~(-6)～891×10~(-6))、亏损Ba、Sr、P、Nb、Ta、Ti等;同时岩体具有高的锆石饱和温度(991℃～1 201℃)。综合岩石地球化学特征表明群力正长花岗岩体属于A型花岗岩中的A_2型花岗岩,结合区域研究成果,认为群力正长花岗岩形成于始特提斯洋闭合后的伸展构造背景。这一结果将始特提斯洋闭合后的伸展作用时限从中泥盆世延长到晚泥盆世。 相似文献
7.
《地质通报》2017,(Z1)
对内蒙古北山南带东段的马山花岗岩体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,结果表明,马山花岗岩以花岗闪长岩为主,偏铝质-过铝质,中钾钙碱性特征,具有较高的SiO_2(64.85%~79.17%)、Na_2O+K_2O(5.13%~6.62%),富钠(Na_2O/K_2O1);在球粒陨石标准化配分模式图上,配分曲线相对平缓,富集轻稀土元素,重稀土元素分馏不明显且相对亏损,δEu=0.65~0.91,具有弱Eu负异常;在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图上,亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、P、Ti,富集Rb、Th、U、K。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,马山花岗岩体的侵位年龄为281.8±3.2Ma。结合区域地质背景,认为马山花岗岩体是壳幔混合成因的,形成于早二叠世后碰撞伸展体制之下,北山南带于早二叠世晚期进入后碰撞裂谷伸展发育阶段。 相似文献
8.
阿尔金北缘尧勒萨依片麻岩分布于尧勒萨依河中下游,主要岩性为黑云二长花岗片麻岩。为确定该地区侵入岩形成时代、成因和构造背景,本文对其进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究。研究区花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,其形成年龄为927±3 Ma,时代为新元古代早期青白口纪。其具高硅(SiO_2=71%～73.96%)、富碱[(Na_2O+K_2O)=6.61%～8.00%]的特征,岩石里特曼指数σ=1.41～2.09,属钙碱性系列;铝过饱和指数(A/CNK)=1.01～1.25,为过铝质系列岩石;富集Rb、K、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ti、P、Ta等高场强元素,具有典型的大陆碰撞型花岗岩特征;稀土总量高,其中轻稀土元素富集,轻、重稀土元素分馏较明显((La/Yb)_N=7.53～8.13),Eu负异常明显(δEu=0.40～0.68),总体呈"右倾海鸥型"稀土配分模式,具典型地壳重熔型花岗岩特征。根据原岩判别图,推测其为变质砂岩部分熔融的产物。结合区域资料,认为尧勒萨依片麻岩应该形成于同碰撞晚期的构造地质环境。 相似文献
9.
10.
栖霞金矿集区位于胶东半岛中部,是胶东金矿集中区的重要组成部分,其成因是否与花岗岩有关存在不同的认识。栖霞金矿集区花岗岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分析结果表明,其年龄为122～118 Ma,与金矿成矿年龄基本一致,暗示金矿与花岗岩可能存在成因联系。花岗岩SiO_2含量为65%～70%, Na_2O/K_2O=0.96～1.27,多数样品大于1.0; Na_2O+K_2O值为7.48%～8.06%,铝指数A/CNK=0.90～1.0,属于高钾钙碱性准铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩;这些花岗岩以高Sr(Sr600μg/g)、低Y和Yb(Y13μg/g, Yb1.1μg/g)、相对亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf)及轻重稀土元素分馏强烈((La/Yb)N=32.86～53.24)为特征,与胶东地区郭家岭花岗闪长岩地球化学特征十分类似,均属于高钾钙碱性埃达克质岩石,可能是在华北克拉通破坏背景下,拆沉下地壳的镁铁质岩石部分熔融形成的。 相似文献
11.
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
12.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上，进行了稳定性数值模拟分析，定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明：该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成，对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害，必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
13.
摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
14.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
15.
混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过烧杯搅拌实验对混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液进行研究，从混凝剂适应PH值范围、混凝效果、沉降速度三方面研究比较，找出一种较为理想的混凝剂，并分析了影响混凝剂性能的主要因素，确定了混凝剂的最佳投放剂量。 相似文献
16.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
17.
黄河源区水环境变化及黄河出现冬季断流的原因 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
自1954年有水文观测资料以来，黄河曾在青海省玛多县黄河沿水文站发生过3次断流。本文在分析黄河源区水环境特征及其影响因素的基础上指出，鄂陵湖、扎陵湖的环湖融区调节能力低，当遇到连续干旱、冬季其调节水量不足以维系黄河径流时便会发生断流，这是断流的主因。湖水位降低、开采沙金、过度放牧等自然和人为因素也会对黄河发生断流产生影响。鄂陵湖口附近黄河上修建的水电站开始蓄水，提高了两湖及环湖融区的调节能力，今后黄河冬季出现断流的可能性将大为降低。 相似文献
18.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献
19.
Climate: Is the past the key to the future? 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The climate of the Holocene is not well suited to be the baseline for the climate of the planet. It is an interglacial, a
state typical of only 10% of the past few million years. It is a time of relative sea-level stability after a rapid 130-m
rise from the lowstand during the last glacial maximum. Physical geologic processes are operating at unusual rates and much
of the geochemical system is not in a steady state. During most of the Phanerozoic there have been no continental ice sheets
on the earth, and the planet’s meridional temperature gradient has been much less than it is presently. Major factors influencing
climate are insolation, greenhouse gases, paleogeography, and vegetation; the first two are discussed in this paper. Changes
in the earth’s orbital parameters affect the amount of radiation received from the sun at different latitudes over the course
of the year. During the last climate cycle, the waxing and waning of the northern hemisphere continental ice sheets closely
followed the changes in summer insolation at the latitude of the northern hemisphere polar circle. The overall intensity of
insolation in the northern hemisphere is governed by the precession of the earth’s axis of rotation, and the precession and
ellipticity of the earth’s orbit. At the polar circle a meridional minimum of summer insolation becomes alternately more and
less pronounced as the obliquity of the earth’s axis of rotation changes. Feedback processes amplify the insolation signal.
Greenhouse gases (H2O, CO2, CH4, CFCs) modulate the insolation-driven climate. The atmospheric content of CO2 during the last glacial maximum was approximately 30% less than during the present interglacial. A variety of possible causes
for this change have been postulated. The present burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and cement manufacture since the
beginning of the industrial revolution have added CO2 to the atmosphere when its content due to glacial-interglacial variation was already at a maximum. Anthropogenic activity
has increased the CO2 content of the atmosphere to 130% of its previous Holocene level, probably higher than at any time during the past few million
years. During the Late Cretaceous the atmospheric CO2 content was probably about four times that of the present, the level to which it may rise at the end of the next century.
The results of a Campanian (80 Ma) climate simulation suggest that the positive feedback between CO2 and another important greenhouse gas, H2O, raised the earth’s temperature to a level where latent heat transport became much more significant than it is presently,
and operated efficiently at all latitudes. Atmospheric high- and low-pressure systems were as much the result of variations
in the vapor content of the air as of temperature differences. In our present state of knowledge, future climate change is
unpredictable because by adding CO2 to the atmosphere we are forcing the climate toward a “greenhouse” mode when it is accustomed to moving between the glacial–interglacial
“icehouse” states that reflect the waxing and waning of ice sheets. At the same time we are replacing freely transpiring C3
plants with water-conserving C4 plants, producing a global vegetation complex that has no past analog. The past climates of
the earth cannot be used as a direct guide to what may occur in the future. To understand what may happen in the future we
must learn about the first principles of physics and chemistry related to the earth’s system. The fundamental mechanisms of
the climate system are best explored in simulations of the earth’s ancient extreme climates.
Received: 7 November 1996/Accepted: 23 January 1997 相似文献
20.
Encarnación Puga Martim Portugal Antonio Diaz De Federico Giuseppe M. Bargossi Lauro Morten 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(4):253-266
AbstractThe Mesozoic igneous rocks from the External Zones of the Betic Cordilleras extend for some 300 km along the Subbetic Zone. They are poorly differentiated basic rocks which, altogether, correspond to a transitional series containing tholeiitic and sodium-alkaline terms. They crop out as small ophite stocks and dykes intruded into middle- and upper-Triassic rocks, or as submarine flows and sills interlayered with Jurassic materials.Geological and radiometric evidence points to an upper-Triassic-Liassic age for the ophite-generating magmatism, while the fissure volcanism began locally in the early-Liassic and extended throughout the Dogger. It reached its climax in the Tithonian and ceased abruptly in the lowermost Cretaceous.The magmas that generated the two groups of rocks originated within the mantle. During the ascent through a continental crust they were contaminated by deep-crust granitoid rocks and by the assimilation of pelites from the basement. The chemical composition and fractional-crystallization differentiation trends of the ophites belong to the tholeiitic series, while those of the middle-uppermost Jurassic magmas to the sodic-alkaline series. This magmatic evolution may be attributed to a geodynamic change from distensive in the Triassic to transtensive from the middle-Jurassic onwards. 相似文献