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1.
自然硒矿物的形貌特征及其成因研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
元素硒早在1817年就被发现,但因产出稀少,百年来只有十几篇章报道了自然硒矿物。Thompson等于1956年在砂岩型铀矿中发现了自然硒矿物,呈毡状展布,紫灰色针状晶体。Sun于1959年在粘土岩块的表面擦痕上发现了薄膜状灰硒。Menshikov于1990年在U-Se-Re多金属矿床的氧化带发现了球状和管状形态的自然硒,并把自然硒的形态变化作为矿体形成的温度指示器。 相似文献
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恩施渔塘坝自然硒的发现及其初步研究 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16
在湖北恩施渔塘坝发现了罕见的自然硒矿物，同一地域内产生自然硒矿物的规模和多种成因类型并存的现象为首次报道。按自然硒的形成环境和赋存条件可将其分为三种，分别是碳质硅质岩和硅质碳质页岩中的原生自然硒，表生环境氧化还原作用形成的自然硒和“石煤”自燃形成的自然硒晶体。自然硒矿物的发现将为硒的矿物学、矿床地球化学和环境地球化学提供新的认识和研究空间。 相似文献
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５０４铀矿床是一个铀－汞－钼多金属矿床，其中硒达到了综合利用指标，硒与铀密切正相关，并分布在各类铀矿体中。硒主要以硒化物矿物形式产出，矿床中还发现了新的硒矿物—硒锑矿。 相似文献
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元素硒早在1817年就被发现,但因产出稀少,数百年来只有几篇章报导了自然硒矿物。易爽庭等手1988年在新疆伊犁雅马渡地区发现了自然硒矿物,其产出环境是低变质烟煤中含硒黄铁矿于封闭缺氧条件下,在煤自燃过程中形成硒蒸汽经冷凝结晶而成。这是我国首次发现自然硒矿物。 相似文献
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我国黑色岩系中硒矿资源及其前景分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
黑色岩系广泛分布于我国南方各省区。黑色岩系赋存有石煤层、镍相矿、磷块岩、钒矿、银钒矿和金矿，并伴生有硒、铜、锌、铀、稀土、铂族元素等，硒还可形成有工业意义的独立硒矿床。自然界中已发现９１种硒矿物和含硒矿物。目前仅发现三个不同地质时期的黑色岩系的硒矿产资源。 相似文献
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恩施渔塘坝富硒碳质岩中硒的赋存状态 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
在渔塘坝富硒碳质岩中发现了自然硒及其系列硒矿物的组合.这些硒矿物有自然硒、方硒铜矿、硒铜蓝、水硒铁石、硒银矿、含硒黄铁矿、含硒黄铜矿和难以确定名称的Fe-Se矿物.其中自然硒、方硒铜矿和硒铜蓝的矿物组合主要分布在断层面附近的碳质硅质岩中,自然硒与方硒铜矿的矿物组合主要分布在高碳质泥岩中,水硒铁石及未确定的Fe-Se矿物主要赋存于露头处的富硒碳质岩中.硒矿物中除自然硒较普遍地存在外,其他矿物并不是均匀地分布于富硒碳质岩中,而是局部性地出现.Cu-Se矿物的大量发育表明铜可能在硒的表生迁移转化中起着某种重要的作用. 相似文献
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高分辨电镜研究发现渔塘坝硒矿石中硒主要以独立硒矿物和类质同象两种形式存在.独立硒矿物主要以自然硒大量出现,以有机吸附所占比重较大,而较少出现硒铁矿、硒银矿、蓝硒铜矿、硒铜蓝、方硒铜矿等独立硒矿物.以类质同象形式存在的硒,在Fe-S-Se系列中,以不同量替代S,形成的含硒黄铁矿和硒黄铁矿,颗粒很细,大多为纳米级(＜100nm). 相似文献
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The radioactive selenium isotope 79Se can be a component of radioactive waste produced in nuclear power plants. The accidental release of 79Se in the environment from power plants or nuclear waste repositories, and subsequent transfer of 79Se into soils, plants and food chain, are relevant concerns in Europe. In environmental risk assessment models, the ability of plants to take up Se is often characterized by means of soil-to-plant transfer factors (TF). However, these recommendations take little or no account of the variability in plant Se accumulation among plant species and differences in Se distribution between plant parts. Also, such factors as soil type, form of Se, climatic conditions, as well as the chemical form in which Se is present in the soil, are not taken into consideration. 相似文献
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探讨降雨入渗作用对人工填土斜坡稳定性的影响，能为避免降雨诱发滑坡提供一定的理论依据。本文以贵州省定东小学填土-坡积土斜坡为例，在分析人工斜坡体工程地质特征的基础上，利用有限元Geostudio软件多模块的耦合，分析了不同降雨条件斜坡的渗透场、应变场特征和稳定性，同时分析了前期与后期降雨和填土前后的稳定性。结果表明：人工填土斜坡体的地下水流速和最大剪应变均集中于填土与坡积土界面附近，且随降雨强度增加而增加；降雨强度和降雨持续时间与斜坡稳定性呈反比；填土因素一定程度上增强了降雨渗透对斜坡稳定性的影响，填土￣坡积土界面为人工填土斜坡失稳的最大潜在滑动面；降雨前期对斜坡稳定性影响大于后期，且该效应随降雨强度降低而增强；降雨渗透是通过增加孔压、降低基质吸力、地下水流速增加引起剪应变增加等方式降低人工填土斜坡的稳定性。 相似文献
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Clausthalite in coal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A lead selenide mineral, tentatively identified as clausthalite (PbSe) based on optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX), electron microprobe, and scanning proton microprobe (SPM), has been described in a number of coals. While clausthalite has been mentioned as a possible source of Se in coal, it is present in such small quantities and sizes, that the mineral identification has not been absolutely confirmed. The mineral specimens examined in this study would contribute, not only to the Pb and Se concentrations in the coal, but also, in at least one case, to Hg concentrations. 相似文献
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本文总结了珠三角沿海地区土壤硒含量的分布特征及其与成土母质的关系,探讨了该区域土壤中硒的来源及富集影响因素,提出珠三角地区土壤富硒是亚热带季风性气候湿热条件下花岗岩类强烈化学风化和富集改造的结果,土壤富硒作用的实质是杂质元素从成土母质中大量活化并分离移出,从而使硒元素发生相对富集的过程。本文对珠三角沿海地区土壤硒富集规律的总结显示该地区硒资源具有巨大潜力,具有广阔的开发富硒资源前景。 相似文献
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随着城市化进程和经济全球化，中国城市的同质化问题凸显，这将削弱城市竞争力，滞缓城市发展。从现象学出发，以诺伯格·舒尔茨提出的场所精神为核心，探讨城市发展遇到的问题与解决方法。以重庆、贵阳的几个网红节点空间为例，从历史文化传承，环境利用，空间、建筑、景观设计等方面，分析其形成的内在原因和特征。自然环境、地域文化与建筑环境的共同作用是网红节点的形成基础。规划设计中：应更多关注人的体验，回归城市设计的根本，使节点空间更好地发挥辐射作用；将人的意识作用于城市空间，城市空间反作用于人的行为；同时，在节点空间营造上应注重场所感，突出城市文脉特征。 相似文献
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The accumulation of selenium in evaporation basins (or ponds) in the San Joaquin Valley, California is of a great concern due to its potential hazards to environments. In this study, the accumulation, speciation and concentrations of Se were examined in waters as well as sediments in a system of the evaporation ponds. A significant decrease in the total dissolved Se concentration in Cell 1 in which drainage water with higher Se concentration was pumped from Inlet Channels indicated that the immobilization of Se was active in the Cell 1 and resulted in the higher Se concentration in sediments compared to the terminal cell such as Cell 9. The percentage of reduced Se species such as selenite [Se(IV)] and org-Se of total Se in drainage waters was also found increased in Cell 1 compared to Inlet Channels. The total dissolved Se concentrations in water along flow paths from Cell 1 were relatively constant except for terminal cells such as Cells 9 and 10, which showed higher total dissolved Se concentrations due to evapoconcentration. The percentage of reduced Se forms of total Se was inversely proportional to the percentage of Se(VI) depending on the redox condition of evaporation ponds along the flow paths. Sequential extractions of Se species in sediments indicated that organic associated Se and elemental Se were prevalent forms in sediments in the ponds system. The higher concentrations of elemental Se and organic associated Se in sediments in Cell 1 indicated that the immobilization of Se was active in the sediments compared to Cell 9, while the percentage of both fractions of total Se in sediments in Cells 1 and 9 was relatively constant. The organic materials from algae might provide carbon sources for Se reduction and Se sink in sediments in its elemental and organic associated forms. 相似文献
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Problems of sustainable development in connection with the change of biogeochemical cycle of selenium and overcoming its deficiency in Russia, Serbia, Belarus and other countries are reported. The history of the biological role of selenium as an essential trace element is discussed. A special program of «Overcoming of selenium deficiency» has been developed by researches of Russia, Serbia and Belarus in view of high morbidity rates for cardiovascular, tumor and endemic diseases affecting the population of both the above and some other countries, including children, prevalence of selenium deficiency among livestock species and aggravation of the environmental situation as a result of man-made processes. 相似文献
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《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(2):125743
In this study, we assessed the co-precipitation of selenate (SeO42−) with gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) in controlled laboratory experiments. Batch testing was used to quantify the ability of CaSO4·2H2O to co-precipitate dissolved SeO42− over a range of dissolved SeO42−-Se concentrations (0–50 mg/L) and under slightly acidic (pH ∼5.5–6.1) and oxic (Eh ∼416−501 mV) conditions. Aqueous samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, solid samples using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, and digests of selected CaSO4·2H2O precipitates using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The concentration of Se co-precipitated in CaSO4·2H2O increased linearly with dissolved SeO42−-Se concentration. The aqueous analyses and calculations based on the CaSO4·2H2O digest data show between 14–19 % of the dissolved Se was removed during the co-precipitation experiments. The strong linear relationship between SeO42−-Se added to the test solutions and Se co-precipitated in CaSO4·2H2O can be used to estimate the concentration of co-precipitated SeO42- if the concentration of SeO42- in the associated porewater is known, and vice versa. Results indicate that <1% of SeO42-Se was removed from the test solutions during co-precipitation and the mass of Se in CaSO4·2H2O solids was low, ranging between 0−120 μg/g. These results were used in conjunction with field- and model-derived data to show co-precipitation of SeO42- with CaSO4·2H2O should be a minor SeO42- sequestration mechanism. The findings of this study should be applicable to mined rock dumps in North America and elsewhere. 相似文献
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Adewole Michael Gbadebo Olusegun O. BabalolaFelicia L. Ajigbotesho 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2010
Selenium like any other element can both be essential and toxic depending upon the concentration at which it occurs in human diet. This paper assessed the level of this trace element in twenty different (20) types of locally produced food items around Abeokuta town and the blood obtained from the antecubital fossa vein of eighty-eight (88) healthy adults resident in Abeokuta. 相似文献
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氢化物原子荧光法测定含铀岩石中微量硒 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文介绍了氢化物原子荧光法测定含铀岩石中微量硒的方法。测定下限为０．０１μｇ／ｇ，测量精度（２×１０－７）ＲＳＤ为６．６３％。方法灵敏度高、快速、操作简便。本方法也适用于一般岩石样品中微量硒的测定。 相似文献