共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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花粉植被化与全球古植被计划研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
花粉是全球陆地分布最广的古气候环境信息来源。以花粉为基本资料的重建全球古植被计划自１９９４年实施以来,经数百名国际学者包括我国在内的第四纪花粉学等领域的专家合格,在综合和重建晚第四纪植被和制图方面取得了重大进展。研究成果提出了６ｋａＢＰ和１８ｋａ ＢＰ两个时期的植被,在填补地理空白的基础上构成了全球规模古植被分布。 相似文献
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青藏高原东部末次冰期最盛期气候的花粉证据 总被引：26，自引：2，他引：24
青藏高原许多湖泊钻孔、泥炭剖面等所揭示的花粉记录为重建当时的古气候提供了可靠的证据．应用这些资料探讨青藏高原东部末次最大盛冰期植被和气候．大约２５～１５ｋａＢＰ前后西藏东南部、川西若尔盖及青海柴达木和可可西里地区,气候寒冷干燥,年均气温比现今低６℃左右,植被以荒漠草原为主;在青海湖地区森林退缩演变为草原植被;甘肃临夏气候冷湿,年均温比现在低５～６℃,发育山地暗针叶林 相似文献
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福建宁化天鹅洞石笋晚第四纪同位素古温度研究 总被引：19，自引：3，他引：19
应用同位素测年测温技术，得出福建宁化天鹅洞内碳酸盐堆积物的同位素古温度，在与全球深海Ｏ同位素曲线对比后得出，该地区大约在２１０－１８ｋａＢ．Ｐ．之间，经历过五次大的气温变化过程，分别相当于Ｏ同位素第６、５、４、３和２阶段。里斯冰期的结束时间估计在１５５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．，武木亚间冰期的起始时间估计在６５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．。结果表明，宁化地区晚第四纪古气候环境没有形成冰川的条件，但明显受到全球气温变化的控制。 相似文献
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定量重建贵州梵净山一万年以来的植被与气候 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在孢粉分析和＾１４Ｃ测定年龄资料的基础上，以现代梵净山植被带及其气候状况为类比系统，应用主成分分析方法，定量重建贵州梵净山１万年以来的古植被和古气候演化历史，将其分为三个阶段：１０－７．８ｋａＢ．Ｐ．，７．８－２．７ｋａＢ．Ｐ．和２．７ｋａ Ｂ．Ｐ到现在，依次为升温期，高温期和降温期、其中高温期年平均温度比现代年平均温度高出１．６－３．３℃。１万年以来的年降水量比较稳定，使本地区一直处于较湿润状态 相似文献
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内蒙古伊克昭盟盐湖晚第四纪氧联同位素记录及古气候研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据内蒙古伊克昭盟５个盐湖中６个钻孔岩心的３４０件氧碳稳定同位素样品测试数据，分析了该区的古气候变化特征。氧碳同位素记录的研究表明，盐湖水体的δ１３Ｏ变化主要是受湖水的蒸发作用和淡化过程所控制，而δ１３Ｃ值的波动主要受湖泊水体中ＴＤＩＣ变化以及湖泊水体与大气间碳交换的制约。盐湖的水体环境在过去２３ｋａ之中经历了１７次明显的波动变化，揭示了晚更新世冷湿—早全新世暖湿—中晚全新世暖（偏冷）干的晚第四纪气俟变化规律及３个重要的气侯事件（１０．８０～１０．５０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．新仙女木事件，７．５０～５．００ｋｋＢ．Ｐ．重要降温事件和７．３７～６．３５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．大暖期高湖面事件），并预测未来全球长周期（１０００ａ以上）气候演变趋势─—渐冷。 相似文献
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布兰斯菲尔德海峡ＰＣ１０岩心代表了１１２．５ｋａ Ｂ．Ｐ．以来的沉积记录。通过硅藻、氧同位素和磁组构参数的定量分析,表明沉积记录对气候变化的反应十分敏感。岩心包含了氧同位素１￣５期,古气候演变史大致可分为１２个带：末次间冰期的暖高峰期（１１２．５￣１０６．４ｋａ Ｂ．Ｐ．）、第一冷期（１０６．４￣１０１ｋａ Ｂ．Ｐ．）第一暖期（１０１￣９２ｋａ．Ｂ．Ｐ．）、第二冷期（９２￣８４ｋａ．Ｂ．Ｐ．）、第 相似文献
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华北地下水古环境意义及古气候变化对地下水形成的影响 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
华北地下水的同位素和化学组分受补给时期的气候影响指示了过去３．５万ａ的气候变化,其δ１８Ｏ的变化反映出了晚更新世向全新世转变时期的气候变化和晚更新世气温的波动;而在全新世则反映了夏季风带来丰沛降水的湿度变化。据地下水１４Ｃ年龄统计特征结合其它地质记录划分出了地下水的补给期。全新世以来对地下水补给有意义的补给期是６ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右和４ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右,而３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右地下水补给明显间断,钻孔土壤水ωＣｌ变化说明３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右气候干旱对地下水产生重要影响,可能是后期浅部水咸化的主要时期。 相似文献
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Robert Marchant Hermann Behling Juan‐Carlos Berrio Antoine Cleef Joost Duivenvoorden Henry Hooghiemstra Peter Kuhry Bert Melief Elisabeth Schreve‐Brinkman Bas Van Geel Thomas Van der Hammen Guido Van Reenen Michael Wille 《第四纪科学杂志》2002,17(2):113-129
Colombian biomes are reconstructed at 45 sites from the modern period extending to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The basis for our reconstruction is pollen data assigned to plant functional types and biomes at six 3000‐yr intervals. A reconstruction of modern biomes is used to check the treatment of the modern pollen data set against a map of potential vegetation. This allows the biomes reconstructed at past periods to be assessed relative to the modern situation. This process also provides a check on the a priori assignment of pollen taxa to plant functional types and biomes. For the majority of the sites, the pollen data accurately reflect the potential vegetation, even though much of the original vegetation has been transformed by agricultural practices. At 18 000 14C yr BP, a generally cool and dry environment is reflected in biome, assignments of cold mixed forests, cool evergreen forests and cool grassland–shrub; the latter extending to lower altitudes than presently recorded. This signal is strongly recorded at 15 000 and 12 000 14C yr BP, the vegetation at these times also reflecting a relatively cool and dry environment. At 9000 14C yr BP there is a shift to biomes thought to result from slightly cooler environmental conditions. This trend is reversed by 6000 14C yr BP; most sites, within a range of different environmental settings, recording a shift to more xeric biome types. There is an expansion of steppe and cool mixed‐forest biomes, replacing tropical dry forest and cool grassland–shrub biomes, respectively. These changes in biome assignments from the modern situation can be interpreted as a biotic response to mid‐Holocene climatic aridity. At 3000 14C yr BP the shift is mainly to biomes characteristic of slightly more mesic environmental conditions. There are a number of sites that do not change biome assignment relative to the modern reconstruction, although the affinities that these sites have to a specific biome do change. These ‘anomalies’ are interpreted on a site‐by‐site basis. Spatially constant, but differential response of the vegetation to climatic shifts are related to changes in moisture sources and the importance of edaphic controls on the vegetation. The Late Quaternary reconstruction of large‐scale vegetation dynamics in Colombia allows an understanding of the environmental controls on these to be developed. In particular, shifts in the character of the main climatic systems that influence Colombian vegetation are described. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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通过对桂林水南洞石笋进行高精度的热电离质谱(TIMS－U)测年和碳氧同位素分析,建立了桂林地区245.20 ka BP至147.90 ka BP间的古气候变化时间序列,确定了石笋记录的时段B与时段C分界的年龄为242.5±6.4 ka BP(相当于深海岩芯氧同位素标准曲线时段7与时段8分界的年龄)、时段A与时段B分界的年龄为 192.6±3.9 ka BP(相当于深海岩芯氧同位素标准曲线时段6与时段7分界的年龄)。桂林地区245.20～147.90 ka BP石笋记录的冷暖事件所反映出的古气候变化,大致可分为3个气候变化阶段:(1) 245.2～242.6 ka BP, 相当于深海岩芯氧同位素标准曲线阶段8的末期;(2) 242.5～192.6 ka BP,相当于深海岩芯氧同位素标准曲线时段7;(3)192.6～147.9 ka BP间的倒数第2次冰期, 相当于深海岩芯氧同位素标准曲线时段6的早中期。石笋的TIMS－U测年和碳氧同位素记录揭示,桂林地区245.2～147.9 ka BP的古气候演变历史与深海岩芯时段8末期、时段7和时段6的氧同位素,深海岩芯中记录的孢子花粉组合、CaCO3含量、海平面的升降变化以及与中国北方黄土、古土壤中记录的孢子花粉组合、成壤程度、全铁富集程度、磁化率变化、原生碎屑CaCO3含量和淋溶强度等所揭示的古气候和古季风变化具有极好的对应关系,表明桂林地区中更新世晚期以来的古气候演变既有全球性特征,又有着强烈的区域性特征。 相似文献
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青海黄河源盆地早更新世以来环境演变 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
黄河源盆地位于青藏高原东北部,是黄河的源头地区,对环境和气候变化非常敏感。对黄河源盆地中的河湖相沉积物进行了孢粉分析,获得丰富的孢粉数据,结果显示孢粉组合以菊科、蒿科、藜科、禾本科、松、桦等草本和木本植物花粉为主。通过对各类植物的孢粉组合特征分析,揭示了黄河源地区早更新世以来古植被、古气候的演替和变化。其演变经历了4个阶段：第一阶段223.9～90.1万年,为森林草原环境,反映了温暖潮湿的气候;第二阶段90.1～35万年,为灌丛草原环境,反映了总体干冷的气候;第三阶段35～2.8万年,为稀树草甸草原环境,属湿润寒冷的气候;第四阶段2.8～0.8万年,为荒漠草原环境,反应干冷的气候。 相似文献
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Changes of Atmospheric Circulation since the LastInterstadial as Indicated by the Lake-statusRecord in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
XUE Bin YU GeNanjing Institute of Geography Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(4):836-845
The effective precipitation and the frame of atmospheric circulation in the past three key periods, i.e. 30 ka BP, 18 ka BP and 6 ka BP, have been analyzed on the basis of the palaeolake status record produced by the Chinese Lake Status Data Base. The results show that the west-central part of China was characterized by high lake-levels at 30 ka BP, resulting from strengthened southwest monsoons; whereas the high lake stand, occurring in the west-central part of China at 18 ka BP, was caused by the southward shift and the strengthening of westerlies although the high-stand distribution was reduced. Meanwhile, the east-central part of China was under the control of strong winter monsoons at 18 ka BP. The high lake-levels, which occurred in the east-central part of China at 6 ka BP, are related to the enhanced East-Asian summer monsoons; while the lowering of the lake-level in the west-central part of China at 6 ka BP was due to the northward shift and corresponding shrink of the westerlies.A comparison b 相似文献
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Yaeko Igarashi 《Quaternary Science Reviews》1996,15(10):989-995
At present, Larix gmelini is a main component of taiga developed in north Sakhalin, northeast China and east Siberia. During the interval from ∼11.8 to 12.4 ka BP, pollen assemblages from north Hokkaido, Japan, are dominated by Larix. Pollen assemblages of this Lateglacial climatic reversal, known as the “Kenbuchi Stadial”, are similar to pollen assemblages from the Last Glacial Maximum in north Hokkaido. Vegetation of Hokkaido inferred from these pollen assemblages — open taiga composed of Larix gmelini, Pinus pumila and Picea jezoensis and/or Picea glehnii — may have been like that of north Sakhalin today. Comparison of these fossil pollen assemblages from Hokkaido with pollen assemblages from modern surface samples in Sakhalin suggests that ∼ 11.8 to 12.4 ka BP, temperatures relative to today were at least 9°C lower in January and 7°C lower in August, and that annual precipitation was at least 735 mm lower than present. 相似文献
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《Quaternary Science Reviews》2004,23(3-4):225-244
We present new paleoclimate reconstructions for the time period of 6000 yr BP (6 ka) that permit a quantitative comparison to corresponding mapped patterns of the newest version of the Canadian CCCma AGCM2 climate model. July temperature reconstructions were estimated using the modern analog technique employing fossil pollen records from the North American Pollen Database. We present a new method of optimizing critical choices within the application of the MAT through modern calibration. The pattern of 6 ka temperature anomalies generated by the CCCma AGCM2 generally agree with those of the pollen-based reconstruction, particularly in the presence of a band of positive temperature anomalies across the continent from the Yukon through the Great Lakes region and along the St. Lawrence. This agreement suggests that both the model and data are reconstructing a contraction in the polar vortex over North America at 6 ka. Major areas of disagreement between the pollen-based reconstruction and model simulation are also areas where the data are sparse and edge effects produce less reliable reconstructions. The CCCma AGCM2 simulates drier conditions in a west–east band stretching from Alaska through the Canadian prairies and Midwest United States, in agreement with low lake-level observations at 6 ka. Simulated and reconstructed precipitation–evaporation are also in agreement over the southwest United States. With the exception of north central Africa, the CCCma AGCM2 fails to capture the northward and eastern extension of the Afro-Asian monsoon belt at 6 ka. General agreement between CCCma AGCM2 P-E anomalies and lake status change is found throughout Europe at 6 ka. 相似文献
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晚第四纪MIS6以来柴达木盆地成盐作用对冰期气候的响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
气候是控制柴达木盆地盐类沉积的主要因素之一,但是其作用机制尚待明确。作者以柴达木盆地察汗斯拉图盐湖的3个含盐剖面为研究对象,采用多接收电感耦合等离子质谱(MC-ICP-MS)铀系测年测定其沉积时代,并通过X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)分析测定其盐类矿物种类。铀系测年显示D18剖面石盐和芒硝层的沉积时代为13.1±2.0 ka BP～15.9±2.5 ka BP,其中芒硝沉积年代属于末次冰期MIS2晚期;MXK2剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为131.7±39.5 ka BP和158.3±10.8 ka BP,D12剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为166.6±20.2 ka BP和198.0±20.6 ka BP,可以对应于倒数第二次冰期MIS6。XRD分析确定了3个剖面的盐类矿物主要为芒硝、石盐和石膏。综合多个盐湖晚第四纪成盐数据,本文认为倒数第二次冰期MIS6和末次冰期MIS2是柴达木盆地晚第四纪重要的成盐期,冰期的冷干气候有利于石盐和芒硝等盐类沉积。柴达木盆地"冰期成盐"的根本原因,是由于冰期环境下盆地周边山体冰川规模的扩张以及干冷的冰期气候,共同造成了盐湖补给水量的减少。此外,晚第四纪MIS6和MIS2的冰期降温也是导致盆地中冷相盐类沉积的直接原因。 相似文献
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北疆地区早全新世环境演化的湖泊沉积记录 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对北疆地区艾比湖沉积物的孢粉组合及其碳酸盐δ^18O,δ^13C,δ^13Corg，TOC，TON和Rb/Sr比等地球化学指标分析，重点对全新世早期气候环境演化特征进行了研究。结果表明，研究时段（8.0-11.cal ka B.P.)温度总体偏低，初期（11.5-10.6cal ka B.P.)较为温湿；早全新世向中全新世转换时期（8.9-8.0cal ka B.P.)气候波动显著。特别是3层泥炭沉积显示了艾比湖地区早全新世气候的强烈不稳定性。泥炭的发育程度及其同位素、孢粉分析数据等都显示，8.2cal ka B.P.,8.6cal ka B.P.,10.5cal ka B.P.的气候状况具有显著的冷湿特征，反映了早全新世的3次冷湿事件。 相似文献