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本次研究利用MODIS、CALIPSO等卫星观测资料以及MERRA-2再分析资料分析了2007–2017年撒哈拉地区气溶胶光学厚度的空间分布特征。结果表明,撒哈拉地区气溶胶光学厚度的空间分布具有明显的季节变化,夏季沙尘气溶胶光学厚度高值区位于撒哈拉北部地区,高达0.6以上;而冬季沙尘气溶胶光学厚度高值区位于撒哈拉南部地区,最大值约为0.5。此外,撒哈拉地区在不同季节的主要气溶胶类型均为沙尘,但在撒哈拉南部地区沙尘气溶胶光学厚度对总气溶胶光学厚度的贡献有明显的季节性差异。基于CALIPSO体积退偏比的研究结果表明,在撒哈拉南部地区,夏季人为气溶胶占比大,气溶胶粒子趋于球形,冬季气溶胶粒子的退偏比则明显高于夏季,粒子非球形程度更高。夏季撒哈拉北部地区位于脊前槽后的位置,以南地区近地面主要为偏西风,携带了大量水汽的气流由大西洋吹向撒哈拉地区,使撒哈拉南部地区进入雨季,增强了沙尘气溶胶的沉降,因此夏季撒哈拉地区沙尘气溶胶光学厚度分布北高南低;冬季高压控制着撒哈拉北部地区,撒哈拉南部地区近地面盛行偏东风,且冬季温度偏低,容易形成逆温,不利于沙尘气溶胶和局地污染物扩散,导致沙尘气溶胶光学厚度南高北低。此外,局地温度变化也进一步促进了撒哈拉地区沙尘气溶胶空间分布的季节性差异。 相似文献
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我国沙尘的来源、移动路径及对东部海域的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
利用中国气象局提供的micaps天气资料,通过对2000—2002年发生的42次沙尘天气个例的分析,重点研究了沙尘的源地、移动路径、入海地点及对不同海域的影响概率。结果表明：影响我国的沙尘天气有70%起源于蒙古国,在经过境内沙漠地区时得以加强。沙尘粒子的移动和入海途径主要有3条：一是从内蒙古东部入侵的沙尘天气经浑善达克和科尔沁沙地后进入渤海和黄海;二是从内蒙古西部入侵的沙尘天气经内蒙古西部沙地和黄土高原后进入渤海、黄海和东海;三是从青海东部扬起的沙尘长距离输运进入黄海、东海及西北太平洋。2000—2002年,63.9％的沙尘天气会影响到海洋,其中,影响渤海、黄海和东海的概率分别为27.4％、30.9％和12.3％,影响朝鲜海峡和日本海的概率为20.2％和9.2％。 相似文献
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《翁心存日记》是迄今为止发现的记录天气现象最为详细的历史天气日记,保留了难得的19世纪中叶北京的沙尘天气记录。归纳了对历史文献记录中的沙尘天气进行分类的方法,通过《翁心存日记》,重建了19世纪中叶北京沙尘天气情况。分析发现当时北京年平均沙尘日多达31.36天,高于近60年来北京沙尘天气的平均水平。而19世纪中叶的北京沙尘天气中扬沙、浮尘和沙尘暴天气的构成和现代基本相似,年内分布特征也较相似。但19世纪中叶夏季沙尘比例较现代明显偏多46％,而冬季沙尘比例仅为现代比例的75％,这说明古今间沙尘天气的季节分布可能存在较大差异。另外,19世纪的沙尘天气同样存在明显的年际变化,且本地降水是影响年际变化的因素之一。 相似文献
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生物气溶胶对全球气候、空气质量、大气过程和人体健康均具有重要影响。每年爆发的沙尘事件,使得生物气溶胶可借助沙尘进行长距离输运,从而影响到下风向地区生物气溶胶的浓度和性质。综述了沙尘天气下生物气溶胶中微生物的浓度、特性和分布特征的研究现状。已有研究显示,沙尘发生时,生物气溶胶中不同类别微生物的组成比例会有显著变化,细菌和真菌相对贡献随之改变。可培养细菌、真菌和总微生物浓度,均在沙尘天气下显著增加,但不同地区不同种类微生物在沙尘天气下的增加幅度相差很大。生物气溶胶中微生物主要分布于粗粒子中,其粒径分布受到沙尘天气的较大影响,而且不同种类微生物粒径分布的变化并不相同。沙尘发生时,生物气溶胶中的微生物群落结构与优势微生物也会发生明显改变。沙尘天气对生物气溶胶浓度、粒径分布、群落结构和活性的影响程度和影响机制,还需要进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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利用太阳光度计CE318资料,对新疆地区3个观测站点（阿克达拉、乌鲁木齐、塔中）所代表的草场、城市和沙漠下垫面的440 nm波长处气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）和440~870 nm之间的Angstrom波长指数（AE）进行了统计分析,结果表明：三个站点的AOD年均值塔中站最大、乌鲁木齐站次之、阿克达拉站最小。其中阿克达拉站点的AOD全年变化不大,其月均值均小于0.3;乌鲁木齐站点AOD则表现出明显的季节性变化,冬春季的AOD月均值是夏秋季节的2.17倍;塔中站全年的AOD表现为单峰型,大值时段主要集中在3-7月。三个站点的AE年均值阿克达拉站最大、乌鲁木齐站次之、塔中站最小。阿克达拉和乌鲁木齐站点的AOD以人为排放等小粒径气溶胶为主,塔中站的AOD主要为沙尘等大粒径气溶胶。从年际变化来看,乌鲁木齐站AOD总体呈下降趋势,塔中站和阿克达拉站AOD总体呈上升趋势。乌鲁木齐霾天气的AOD日均值分布在0.35~1.21之间,塔中站沙尘天气的AOD日均值范围为0.30~2.05。 相似文献
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气溶胶吸收及气候效应研究的新进展 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
最新研究结果表明仅关注气溶胶大气顶辐射强迫是不够的,特别是对于在短波辐射区域存在较强吸收的气溶胶类型,如烟尘、沙尘气溶胶。INDOEX实验表明来自印度次大陆的吸收性气溶胶产生的地表辐射强迫在量值上是大气顶辐射强迫的3倍左右,二者的差额以大气辐射加热的形式出现。气溶胶吸收通过加热气溶胶层所在大气,减少地表太阳辐射,影响地面蒸发,改变大气稳定度,从而影响水分循环。另外气溶胶的吸收对云产生“燃烧效应”,从而可能导致云量下降。鉴于气溶胶吸收的重要性,气溶胶吸收问题是当前气溶胶气候效应研究的一个热点问题。尽管关于气溶胶的吸收问题以及与之有关的气候效应还存在很大不确定性,根据观测事实或模拟结果得出的结论差别明显,但勿庸置疑的是气溶胶吸收是一个急需深入探讨的课题。由于我国北方地区春季沙尘活动十分频繁,而东部地区由于能源结构以及能源利用效率等问题致使气溶胶中吸收性成分（碳黑）含量偏高,一些资料分析以及模式研究结果均表明我国发生了一些有别于全球或其他地区的独特气候变化现象,初步分析表明气溶胶吸收在其中可能发挥了一定作用,因此加强我国气溶胶吸收特性的观测和理论研究,结合全球或区域气候模式,深入认识我国气溶胶辐射强迫、气候效应具有重要的科学意义,另外对于评估我国近年来采取的一些卓有成效的污染控制措施的环境和气候效应也是必不可少的。 相似文献
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临安一次沙尘暴过程影响气溶胶物理化学特性演变的初步分析 总被引：16，自引：4，他引：12
文章利用2002年3月29日～4月4日在浙江临安大气本底污染监测站观测的气溶胶粒子质量谱、离子与元素成分的数据,结合TOMS卫星的气溶胶指数资料和轨迹模式,重点分析在北方沙尘暴输送影响期间临安气溶胶质量浓度尺度分布的演变特点以及气溶胶化学成分与不同空气来源的关系。初步分析结果显示,受北方沙尘暴天气影响,临安气溶胶质量浓度、离子、元素浓度有明显的尺度分布演变。这种演变与污染物来源和大气污染物的气粒转化有关。沙尘影响前和结束后临安地区气溶胶主要以细粒子为主(<2.1μm),峰值粒径0.65～2.1μm,而受北方地区的沙尘暴影响,峰值粒径偏移到2.1～3.3μm,且在7～11μm间出现另一个峰值,同时临安气溶胶粗粒子中矿物元素显著增加。从离子成分看,在整个观测期间SO2-4与NH+4在细粒子段有很好的一致性,而SO2-4,NO-3与Ca2+在粗粒子段有很好的相关,尤其是沙尘影响期间NO-3与Ca2+有很好的对应关系,表现出较明显的表面非均相反应特征 相似文献
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依据清代《翁同龢日记》中天气状况的描述，整理出公元1860～1898年间逐月的沙尘天气日数，基于记录完整月份的沙尘天气日数，统计分析了公元1860～1898年北京沙尘天气日数的平均状况和变化特征。分析发现公元1860～1898年，北京年均沙尘天气记录为10.4天，即使不考虑与现代观测记录标准的差别，亦肯定高于1990年代7.7天/年的平均频次；春季是沙尘天气的高发季节，其占全年沙尘日数的百分比达到70%，其中4月和5月两个月的接近53%；其次为冬季，占20%。与公元1961～2000年相比，公元1860～1898年的春季沙尘天气日数百分比偏高10.9%，沙尘天气在春季的集中程度明显偏高。公元1860～1898年间，年沙尘日数和春季沙尘日数均呈波动减少之势；研究时段内，共出现23次2天以上连续（或持续）的沙尘天气过程，最长的一次持续了4天。这些发现将有益于研究气候变化对沙尘天气影响和分析北京沙尘天气的演变规律。 相似文献
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新疆40a来气温、降水和沙尘天气变化 总被引：67，自引：10，他引：57
根据1961-2001年新疆代表北疆的8个气象站、天山山区的8个气象站、南疆的8个气象站的实测资料, 分析了40 a来新疆气温、降水、沙尘暴、扬沙、浮尘年代际变化特征.结果显示: 40 a来新疆气温呈明显上升趋势, 后10 a(1991-2000年)比前30 a平均气温升高, 北疆偏高0.8℃, 南疆和天山山区均偏高0.℃; 降水变化的总趋势是增湿明显, 后10 a与前30 a相比降水增加, 南疆偏多20.4%, 北疆偏多11.3%, 天山山区偏多9.8%; 南疆与北疆各类沙尘天气年际变化趋势基本相似, 80年代以来呈减少趋势; 南疆沙尘暴、扬沙、浮尘总日数之和与同期的温度、降水在春季有相对较好的线性相关关系. 相似文献
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Sanja Grgurić Josip Križan Goran Gašparac Oleg Antonić Zdravko Špirić Rodelise E. Mamouri A. Christodoulou Argyro Nisantzi Athos Agapiou Kyriakos Themistocleous Kurt Fedra Charalambos Panayiotou Diofantos Hadjimitsis 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2014,6(1):2-16
This study analyzes the relationship between Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) obtained from Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and ground-based PM10 mass concentration distribution over a period of 5 years (2008–2012), and investigates the applicability of satellite AOD data for ground PM10 mapping for the Croatian territory. Many studies have shown that satellite AOD data are correlated to ground-based PM mass concentration. However, the relationship between AOD and PM is not explicit and there are unknowns that cause uncertainties in this relationship. The relationship between MODIS AOD and ground-based PM10 has been studied on the basis of a large data set where daily averaged PM10 data from the 12 air quality stations across Croatia over the 5 year period are correlated with AODs retrieved from MODIS Terra and Aqua. A database was developed to associate coincident MODIS AOD (independent) and PM10 data (dependent variable). Additional tested independent variables (predictors, estimators) included season, cloud fraction, and meteorological parameters — including temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, as well as planetary boundary layer height — using meteorological data from WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) model. It has been found that 1) a univariate linear regression model fails at explaining the data variability well which suggests nonlinearity of the AOD-PM10 relationship, and 2) explanation of data variability can be improved with multivariate linear modeling and a neural network approach, using additional independent variables. 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(2):101325
Rapid industrialization and urbanization along with a growing population are contributing significantly to air pollution in China. Evaluation of long-term aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from models and reanalysis, can greatly promote understanding of spatiotemporal variations in air pollution in China. To do this, AOD (550 nm) values from 2000 to 2014 were obtained from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CIMP6), the second version of Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research, and Applications (MERRA-2), and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS; flying on the Terra satellite) combined Dark Target and Deep Blue (DTB) aerosol product. We used the Terra-MODIS DTB AOD (hereafter MODIS DTB AOD) as a standard to evaluate CMIP6 Ensemble AOD (hereafter CMIP6 AOD) and MERRA-2 reanalysis AOD (hereafter MERRA-2 AOD). Results show better correlations and smaller errors between MERRA-2 and MODIS DTB AOD, than between CMIP6 and MODIS DTB AOD, in most regions of China, at both annual and seasonal scales. However, significant under- and over-estimations in the MERRA-2 and CMIP6 AOD were also observed relative to MODIS DTB AOD. The long-term (2000–2014) MODIS DTB AOD distributions show the highest AOD over the North China Plain (0.71) followed by Central China (0.69), Yangtse River Delta (0.67), Sichuan Basin (0.64), and Pearl River Delta (0.54) regions. The lowest AOD values were recorded over the Tibetan Plateau (0.13 ± 0.01) followed by Qinghai (0.19 ± 0.03) and the Gobi Desert (0.21 ± 0.03). Large amounts of sand and dust particles emitted from natural sources (the Taklamakan and Gobi Deserts) may result in higher AOD in spring compared to summer, autumn, and winter. Trends were also calculated for 2000–2005, for 2006–2010 (when China introduced strict air pollution control policies during the 11th Five Year Plan or FYP), and for 2011–2014 (during the 12th FYP). An increasing trend in MODIS DTB AOD was observed throughout the country during 2000–2014. The uncontrolled industrialization, urbanization, and rapid economic development that mostly occurred from 2000 to 2005 probably contributed to the overall increase in AOD. Finally, China's air pollution control policies helped to reduce AOD in most regions of the country; this was more evident during the 12th FYP period (2011–2014) than during the 11th FYP period (2006–2010). Therefore this study strongly advises the authority to retain or extend these policies in the future for improving air quality. 相似文献
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Ali M. Al-Salihi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(20):633
Aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent (AE), and ozone monitoring instrument aerosols index (OMI-AI) data, derived from MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and OMI sensor on board NASA’s Aqua satellite and NASA-Aura satellite platforms, have been analyzed and classified over Baghdad, Iraq, for an 8-year period (2008–2015). In order to give an obvious understanding of temporal inconsistency in the characteristics and classification of aerosols during each season separately, PREDE POM-02 sky radiometer measurements of AOD, carried out during a 2-year period (2014–2015), were compared with MODIS–Aqua AODs. On seasonal bases, MODIS–Aqua AODs corroborate well with ground-based measurements, with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.74 and 0.8 and RMSE ranging from 0.097 to 0.062 during spring and autumn seasons respectively. The overall satellite- and ground-based measurement comparisons showed a good agreement with correlation coefficients of 0.78 and RMSE of 0.066. These results suggest that MODIS–Aqua gives a good estimate of AOD. Analysis of MODIS–Aqua data for the 8-year period showed that the overall mean AOD, AE, and OMI-AI over Baghdad were 0.44?±?0.16, 0.77?±?0.29, and 1.34?±?0.33 respectively. AOD records presented a unique peak which was extended from mid-spring (April) to mid-summer (July) while the AE annual variability indicated a more complicated behavior with minimum values during the period from late spring (May) to early autumn (September). The maximum AOD and OMI-AI values occurred during summer while their minimum values occurred during winter. The AE showed an opposite behavior to that of AOD such that the highest AE values occurred during autumn and winter and the lowest values happened during spring and summer. This behavior may be attributed to the domination of coarse aerosol particles during autumn and winter seasons and fine aerosol particles during spring and summer seasons. A Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model was utilized to determine the source of air mass transport and to recognize the variability of aerosol origin regions. Finally, AOD, AE, and OMI-AI values have been employed to identify several aerosol types and to present seasonal heterogeneity in their contribution based on their origins. 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(6):2169-2181
This study provides characteristics of aerosol columnar properties, measured over ten countries in Eastern Europe from 2002 to 2019. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (AE) were obtained with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6.1 merged Dark Target and Deep Blue aerosol product. The product is validated using ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) situated at Minsk, Belsk, Moldova and Kyiv. The results showed that 76.15% of retrieved AOD data are within the expected error. It was established that 64.2% of AOD points are between 0 and 0.2 and 79.3% of all AE points are over 1. Mean AOD values in the region vary from 0.130 ± 0.04 (Moldova) to 0.193 ± 0.03 (Czech Republic) with mean value in the region 0.162 ± 0.05. Seasonal mean AOD (AE) values were at the maximum during the summer from 0.231 ± 0.05 (1.482 ± 0.09 in winter) to minimum 0.087 ± 0.04 during the winter (1.363 ± 0.17 in summer). Gradual AOD reduction is observed in all countries with annual trend from −0.0050 (Belarus) to −0.0029 (Russia). Finally, the relationship between AOD and AE was studied to classify various aerosol types and showed seasonal non-uniformity of their contribution depending on variation in sources. The entire region is under significant impact of various aerosol types, including clean continental (СС), mixed (MX) and anthropogenic/burning (AB) aerosols types that are at 59.77%, 24.72%, and 12.97% respectively. These results form an important basis for further regional studies of air quality and distribution of sources of pollution. 相似文献
15.
中国气温变化的两个基本模态的诊断和模拟研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
我国地域辽阔，气候复杂多变，在全球变暖的背景下研究中国近百年来的气温变化具有重要的意义。为此我们重建了中国东部71个站1880—2004年四季气温距平序列。通过EOF分析发现了中国气温变化的2种最基本的模态：东部一致变化和关内关外相反变化。这2种模态不随季节变化，而且在不同时期也是稳定的。通过研究这2种模态与变暖趋势的关系发现，20世纪80年代以来的变暖主要是由于第一模态在该时期持续的正位相增强造成的；而20世纪20~40年代的变暖主要是由于第二模态所呈现的正位相所造成的。此外，我们检验了这2种模态在大气环流模式（CAM）中的表现。结果表明：121年（模式中1880—2000年）的集合模拟在一定程度上可以重现第一模态的变化，而第二模态则仅在冬季表现明显。最后，以冬季为例，利用1880—2004年重建及观测的500 hPa高度场资料，通过合成分析进一步研究了这2种模态的环流机制：第一模态正位相对应纬向环流增强，表现在地面气温分布上为东部一致变暖。而负位相则对应东亚大槽加深，东部地区一致变冷。第二模态正位相对应的环流分布则为从东亚北部到阿留申为负距平，东亚到北太平洋中纬度为正距平；对应地面气温分布为关内变暖关外变冷。负位相时环流分布基本相反。这样的环流机制得到了模式研究的支持。 相似文献
16.
Marina Aloysius Mannil Mohan S. Suresh Babu Vijayakumar S. Nair K. Parameswaran K. Krishna Moorthy 《Journal of Earth System Science》2008,117(1):353-360
MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) level-3 aerosol data, NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) reanalysis winds and QuikSCAT ocean surface winds were made use of to examine the role of atmospheric circulation in governing aerosol variations over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) during the first phase of the ICARB (Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, gases and Radiation Budget) campaign (March 18–April 12, 2006). An inter-comparison between MODIS level-3 aerosol optical depth (AOD) data and ship-borne MICROTOPS measurements showed good agreement with correlation 0.92 (p < 0.0001) and a mean MODIS underestimation by 0.01. During the study period, the AOD over BoB showed high values in the northern/north western regions, which reduced towards the central and southern BoB. The wind patterns in lower atmospheric layers (> 850 hPa) indicated that direct transport of aerosols from central India was inhibited by the presence of a high pressure and a divergence over BoB in the lower altitudes. On the other hand, in the upper atmospheric levels, winds from central and northern India stretched south eastwards and converged over BoB with a negative vorticity indicative of a downdraft. These wind patterns pointed to the possibility of aerosol transport from central India to BoB by upper level winds. This mechanism was further confirmed by the significant correlations that AOD variations over BoB showed with aerosol flux convergence and flux vorticity at upper atmospheric levels (600–500 hPa). AOD in central and southern BoB away from continental influences displayed an exponential dependence on the QuikSCAT measured ocean surface wind speed. This study shows that particles transported from central and northern India by upper atmospheric circulations as well as the marine aerosols generated by ocean surface winds contributed to the AOD over the BoB during the first phase of ICARB. 相似文献
17.
A. Chudnovsky A. Lyapustin Y. Wang C. Tang J. Schwartz P. Koutrakis 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2014,6(1):17-26
The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) provides daily global coverage, but the 10 km resolution of its aerosol optical depth (AOD) product is not suitable for studying spatial variability of aerosols in urban areas. Recently, a new Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) algorithm was developed for MODIS which provides AOD at 1 km resolution. Using MAIAC data, the relationship between MAIAC AOD and PM2.5 as measured by the 27 EPA ground monitoring stations was investigated. These results were also compared to conventional MODIS 10 km AOD retrievals (MOD04) for the same days and locations. The coefficients of determination for MOD04 and for MAIAC are R2 =0.45 and 0.50 respectively, suggested that AOD is a reasonably good proxy for PM2.5 ground concentrations. Finally, we studied the relationship between PM2.5 and AOD at the intra-urban scale (?10 km) in Boston. The fine resolution results indicated spatial variability in particle concentration at a sub-10 kilometer scale. A local analysis for the Boston area showed that the AOD-PM2.5 relationship does not depend on relative humidity and air temperatures below ～7 °C. The correlation improves for temperatures above 7–16 °C. We found no dependence on the boundary layer height except when the former was in the range 250–500 m. Finally, we apply a mixed effects model approach to MAIAC aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from MODIS to predict PM2.5 concentrations within the greater Boston area. With this approach we can control for the inherent day-to-day variability in the AOD-PM2.5 relationship, which depends on time-varying parameters such as particle optical properties, vertical and diurnal concentration profiles and ground surface reflectance. Our results show that the model-predicted PM2.5 mass concentrations are highly correlated with the actual observations (out-of-sample R2 of 0.86). Therefore, adjustment for the daily variability in the AOD-PM2.5 relationship provides a means for obtaining spatially-resolved PM2.5 concentrations. 相似文献
18.
The Tibetan Plateau Shear Line (TPSL) is usually accompanied by the Tibetan Plateau Vortex (TPV) and this phenomenon is one of the assembled weather systems over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its surrounding areas. This assembled system plays a very important role in the high impact weather process in the TP and East China. We reviewed the research history and progress of TPVs and TPSLs, and mainly discussed the relationship and interaction mechanism of them. According to the latest research achievement of TPSLs and its relationship with TPVs, the development and application trends of related theory and methods, we proposed several notable new research directions in the field of this study. It is not clear for the relationship and the physical mechanism of the interaction between TPSLs and TPVs as well as some high impact weather initiated by them currently. Therefore, this research work is really quite important for theoretical development of weather dynamics of the TP, and is expected to provide a theoretical guide for severe weather analysis and forecast over the TP and its neighborhood. 相似文献
19.
东北暴雨的研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
系统性研究东北暴雨将提高对东北灾害性天气的认识，有利于加深对中国暴雨的全面研究。对我国气象工作者在东北暴雨研究方面的工作进行了综述，并回顾了影响东北暴雨的几类主要天气系统，分别为气旋、台风、冷涡，着重回顾了在过去几十年中东北冷涡暴雨方面研究的进展。指出目前待解决的问题是：影响东北地区台风暴雨强度、分布及转向问题；东北冷涡的内部结构特征及其发生发展的物理机制、东北冷涡下中尺度对流系统的结构特征与暴雨的关系；引发东北地区强暴雨过程的水汽源地等问题。这些问题需要通过今后深入和细致的加密观测分析研究，以及利用长时间卫星遥感观测资料和雷达资料的论证才能逐渐认识清楚。 相似文献