共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
在15—120℃的低温范围内分别应用氮化镁法、氯化镁法和氧化镁法3种化学合成方法,对水镁石-水体系氧同位素分馏系数进行了实验测定。所有合成样品的晶体结构均由XRD测定,其形貌特征则由SEM确定。应用3种不同合成方法得到了一致的水镁石—水体系氧同位素分馏系数,证明同位素平衡分馏已经达到。在实验温度范围内,水镁石—水体系氧同位素分馏系数主要决定于温度,而溶液的酸碱度、化学组分和陈化时间的影响不明显。由实验数据得到的氧同位素分馏曲线方程为:10~3Inα=1.59×10~6/T~2-14.10(r=0.9921)。结合前人对三水铝石—水体系和针铁矿—水体系氧同位素分馏系数的低温实验测定,可以得到氢氧化物中金属M—OH键的~(18)O富集顺序:Al~(3+)-OH>Fe~(3+)-OH>Mg~(2+)-OH。应用化学合成方法实验测定低温条件下水镁石—水体系氧同位素分馏系数,不仅克服了同位素交换反应实验的一些缺陷(如交换速率缓慢、仪器设备复杂昂贵等),而且可以应用不同的化学合成反应机理来检验同位素平衡是否达到,这为研究低温地球化学过程作用提供了有价值的基本参数。 相似文献
2.
针铁矿-四方纤铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏的实验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针铁矿是非常重要的三价铁氧化物之一,其氧同位素组成对于古环境再造具有很大的价值。以4种不同的铁化合物作为Fe3+离子的源物质,于30～120℃范围内,采用强迫水解方法,在不同同位素组成的水中分别实验合成针铁矿和四方纤铁矿。结果表明,以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O、NH4Fe(SO4)2·12H2O、Fe(SO4)3·7H2O为Fe3+源物质合成的是纯针铁矿,而以FeCl3·6H2O为Fe3+源物质合成的是四方纤铁矿。氧同位素分析显示,在30～120℃范围内实验测定的针铁矿-水体系和四方纤铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏几乎不可区分,并且满足下列分馏关系:103lnα针铁矿-水=9.59×103/T-26.39103lnα四方纤铁矿-水=8.85×103/T-24.44实验测定的针铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏不仅与前人实验结果一致,而且与增量方法理论计算相近。由于实验采用不同反应途径得到了一致的分馏结果,因此所测定的针铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏代表了热力学平衡。 相似文献
3.
利用增量方法和同位素交换技术,对角闪石族矿物的氧同位素分馏进行了理论计算和实验测定。理论结果表明,不同化学成分的角闪石之间存在一定的氧同位素分馏,其13O富集顺序为:钠闪石>蓝闪石>铁闪石>阳起石=镁铁门石≥直闪石≥透闪石>普通角闪石>铝直闪石>韭闪石。高温条件下(>500℃),角闪石相对于水亏损18O达1‰至3‰。实验进行在有少量流体存在的条件下,温度为520℃至680℃。所确定的方解石-透闪石氧同位素分馏系数与理论计算值在误差范围内完全一致。理论和实验确定的石英-透闪石分馏曲线均显着低于已知的经验校准曲线,反映了变质岩中含角闪石矿物集合体内部的退化同位素再平衡。 相似文献
4.
利用增量方法对云母族矿物的氧同位素分馏进行了系统的理论计算。结果表明，不同化学成分和结构状态的云母之间存在一定的氧同位素分馏，其１８Ｏ富集顺序在热力学同位素平衡时为：多硅白云母＞钠云母＞锂云母＞白云母＝珍珠云母＞海绿石＞铁云母＞金云母＞黑云母。在４００℃以上的高温条件下，云母－水体系的氧同位素分馏与温度之间的相关性不明显，并且云母相对于水亏损１８Ｏ达１‰－２．５‰。石英－云母体系的氧同位素分馏与温度之间具有显著的负相关性，因此，能够作为灵敏的同位素地质温度计。不过，石英－黑云母对的氧同位素地质测温往往给出岩石冷却过程中的退化再平衡温度，而不是岩石形成温度。 相似文献
5.
本文分别以3种不同的可溶性三价铁盐作为Fe~(3+)源物质的强迫水解法和以针铁矿和四方纤铁矿为起始物质的溶液转化法,在90～315℃范围内合成赤铁矿,测定了赤铁矿与水之间的氧同位素分馏。矿物合成实验和氧同位素分析结果显示,在90～225℃范围内,实验获得的赤铁矿与水之间氧同位素分馏为亚稳态分馏,并且不同合成实验方法得到不同的分馏关系,前者相对于后者富集(18)O约为2‰,即:10~31nα_(赤铁矿-水)=1.17±0.02×10~6/T~2-9.14±0.20(强迫水解法);10~31nα_(赤铁矿-水)=1.46±0.18×10~6/T~2-14.52±0.03(溶液转化法)。但温度在315℃以下,无论强迫水解法还是溶液转化法,在实验误差范围内实验测定的分馏值几乎不可区分,并且与增量方法的理论预测相近,表明该温度下获得的赤铁矿与水之间氧同位素分馏代表了赤铁矿-水体系氧同位素平衡分馏。此外,两种不同方法获得了不同的分馏关系,显示低温下赤铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏不仅依赖于赤铁矿形成的温度,而且取决于赤铁矿的成因机制,因此对应于不同形成环境下的动力学亚稳态平衡,这对解释低温环境中赤铁矿的氧同位素数据具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
应用增量方法不仅能够从理论上准确计算所有固体矿物的O同位素分馏系数，而且能够定量预测；（1）热力学平衡条件下共生矿物之间的18O富集顺序；（2）岩石化学成分与O同位素组成之间的关系；（3）矿物结构变化对O同位素组成的影响；（4）同质多相转变和矿物反应中的氧同位素继承性。本文对这些规律性预测进行了概要性介绍，并给出实例予以说明。 相似文献
7.
广西两种三水铝石铝土矿成矿的差异性 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
广西2种岩溶型三水铝石铝土矿都是含三水锅石和针铁矿的大型矿床,但二者成矿过程通异。平果式铝土矿是在晚白垩世至老第三纪湿热海洋性气候下,硬水锅石被泥石流搬运至异地,经受了年积温104℃,降水量近2．0m/a的强烈大气降水淋滤。生成三水锅石贵港式原地残积矿床的更新世成矿期气温和降水量均低于前者,低水活度导致铁矿物中的赤铁矿的高含量。热力学稳定性图解显示：平果式三水铝石-针铁矿组合稳定在t＝27℃,a（H2O）≥0．88的高铝体系中;贵港式针铁矿-赤铁矿组合稳定在t＝22℃,a（H2O）＝0．724的低铝体系中。均不含软水铝石。 相似文献
8.
铁氧化物(以磁铁矿和赤铁矿最为常见)是铁矿床中最主要的含铁矿物,其氧同位素地球化学对于铁矿的成因研究具有重要意义。本文在总结了铁氧化物氧同位素分馏理论、不同成因类型铁矿形成过程的基础上,对世界主要类型铁矿铁氧化物的氧同位素组成特征和分馏规律进行了总结,并以新疆智博、查岗诺尔、备战海相火山岩型铁矿为例,开展了磁铁矿氧同位素地球化学研究。结果发现,这些铁矿中磁铁矿氧同位素组成δ18OSMOW集中在1‰～3‰之间,表明其形成于岩浆作用主导的高温岩浆/岩浆-热液环境,后期低温热液作用对铁的成矿作用影响有限。 相似文献
9.
本文通过“一步法”和“两步法”的“附晶生长法”分别合成了碳酸钙矿物，对其进行了同质多象转变过程中的氧同位素分馏行为的研究。同时通过真空条件下的同质多象转变实验，对文石和方解石的酸分馏系数的差异进行了实验验证。结果发现：①在50℃和70℃下，如果文石与水之间的氧同位素分馏未达到平衡，由母体文石经过同质多象转变生成的次生方解石完全继承的母体矿物的氧同位素组成。如果文石与水之间的氧同位素分馏达到平衡，由互过同质多象转变生成的次生方解石部分继承母体文石的氧同位素组成，并且次生方解石相对于母体文石富集^18O。②在0℃和25℃下，“一步法”的“附晶生长法”的实验结果表明，由六方方解石经过同质多象转变生成的次生方解石也完全继承母体矿物的氧同位素组成，并且在该温度下，矿物与水之间的氧同位素分馏与温度无关。 相似文献
10.
桂林洞穴沉积物的氧、碳同位素特征 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
<正>在现代稳定同位素研究中,往往利用达到同位素平衡的一对共生矿物或矿物——水之间的同位素组成来作为地质温度计,以了解其形成时的温度。对于岩溶洞穴环境来说,主要是利用方解石——水之间的同位素平衡反应。C.H.Hendy（1971）)详细研究了洞穴堆积过程中可能出现的各种地球化学作用及其对同位素分布的影响,认为当CO2从水中迅速逸失或进行水的蒸发作用时,产生同位素动力分馏,沉积物中相对富集的O18,不能作为古温度标志,而只有当CO2从水中缓慢逸出时,方解石和水之间氧同位素的平衡反应方可作为地质温度计。其平衡常数（K）主要取决于形成的温度。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T. Matsumoto 《Cretaceous Research》1980,1(4):359-373
Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous. 相似文献
13.
The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism. 相似文献
14.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
15.
正20140876 Gao Junbo(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China);Yang Ruidong Study on the Strontium Isotopic Composition of Large Devonian Barite Deposits from Zhenning,Guizhou Province(Geochimica, 相似文献
16.
正20141470 Chai Lu(Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,CGS,Shenyang110034,China);Zhu Qun Distribution of Significant Metal Mineral Resources the in Adjacent Areas of China,Russia and Mongolia(Geology and Resources,ISSN1671-1947,CN21-1458/P,22(5),2013,p.397-402,2 illus.,3 tables,20 refs.)Key words:metal ores,China,Russia,Mongolia 相似文献
17.
正20141944Bao Hanyong(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Jianghan Oilfield,SINOPEC,Wuhan 430223,China);Guo Zhanfeng Tectonic-Thermal Evolution of the Subei Basin since the Late Cretaceous(Geological Journal of China Universities,ISSN1006-7493,CN32-1440/P,19(4), 相似文献
18.
正20140692 Duo Tianhui(No.402 Geological Team,Exploration of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Authority,Chengdu611730,China);Wang Yongli Computer Simulation of Neptunium Existing Forms in the Groundwater(Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,ISSN1001-1749,CN51-1242/P,35(3), 相似文献
19.
正20142512Chen Xiaoan(Jiangxi Provincial Research Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Nanchang 330029,China);Yang Jie Distribution Characteristics and Causes of Collapse Erosion(Journal of Mountain Research,ISSN1008-2786,CN51-1516/P,31(6),2013,p.716-722,2illus.,7tables,14refs.) 相似文献
20.
正20140644Cao Ying(Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650224,China);Wu Xiaoping Research on Structural Stress Field Basing on Focal Mechanism Solutions Data in Sichuan-Yunan Area(Journal of Seismological Research,ISSN1000-0666,CN53-1062/P,36(2),2013,p.165-172,6illus.,2tables,16refs.) 相似文献