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1.
喜马拉雅造山带东端的南迦巴瓦岩群是高喜马拉雅结晶岩系的一部分,主要由麻粒岩相和角闪岩相变质的片麻岩、斜长角闪岩、片岩和钙硅酸盐岩组成.长英质片麻岩主要由斜长石、钾长石、石英、石榴石、黑云母和褐帘石组成.片麻岩中的锆石具有核一边结构,由一个大的继承岩浆核和一个窄的变质生长边组成.锆石岩浆核具同心韵律环带.其REE配分模式以HREE富集和负Eu异常为特征,并具有高的Th/U比值.锆石U-Pb年代分析表明,这种继承岩浆锆石给出的加权平均年龄为490～500Ma.地球化学特征表明,这些片麻岩的原岩是花岗岩和花岗闪长岩,形成在俯冲带的岩浆弧构造环境.钙硅酸盐岩中的锆石具有高级变质岩中变质生长锆石的典型特征,即具有相对较低的REE含量,不明显的负Eu异常和较低的Th/U比值.变质锆石所获得的U-Pb加权平均年龄为505Ma.本文和现有的研究结果表明,喜马拉雅造山带是一个复合造山带,它经历了古生代的原始造山作用,在新生代印度与欧亚板块的碰撞过程中发生了再造山作用.喜马拉的古生代造山带作用是原特提斯洋向冈瓦纳大陆北缘俯冲和亚洲微陆块(包括拉萨和羌塘地块)增生的结果,是在冈瓦纳大陆拼合之后其边缘发生的安底斯型造山作用,因此,它并不属于在冈瓦纳超大陆聚合过程中陆-陆碰撞形成的泛非造山带.  相似文献   

2.
位于喜马拉雅造山带东构造结,印度-雅鲁藏布江缝合带以南的南迦巴瓦岩群经历了高压变质作用和强烈的部分熔融与混合岩化作用.本文选择广泛分布的长英质片麻岩进行了岩石学和年代学研究.除个别岩石保存了由石榴石 蓝晶石 三元长石 石英组成的高压泥质麻粒岩相变质矿物组合以外,大多数片麻岩具有角闪岩相变质矿物组合,它们的原岩包括闪长岩和花岗闪长岩,并具有岩浆弧花岗岩的化学成分特征.片麻岩中的锆石普遍具有核-边结构.SARIMP和LA-ICP-MS原位分析表明,锆石的边缘给出了古生代至新生代的多期变质和岩浆事件年龄(500～10Ma),而锆石的核部给出了前寒武纪年龄,但主要集中在～2500Ma,～1800Ma,～1600Ma和～1000Ma.所分析的锆石区域具有明显的岩浆结晶环带和高的Th/U比值,表明它们所指示的是多期岩浆活动事件年代.这些年代峰值与整个高喜马拉雅结晶杂岩及印度陆块所获得的前寒武纪构造热事件年龄及分布特征基本上可以对比.因此,我们认为南迦巴瓦岩群及高喜马拉雅结晶杂岩的原岩是由新太古代至新元古代形成的多期岩浆岩组成,并作为印度陆块的一部分经历了Columbia、Rodinia和Gondwana超大陆的形成与裂解过程,以及喜马拉雅期的区域变质与岩浆作用再造.  相似文献   

3.
位于喜马拉雅东构造结西北部的南迦巴瓦复合体,是构造应力最强、隆升和剥蚀最快、新生代变质和深熔作用最强的地区。为厘定该地区早期的变质岩浆作用,本文对南迦巴瓦复合体北部的花岗片麻岩和混合岩进行了岩石学和年代学研究。花岗片麻岩原岩为富钾的偏铝质花岗岩,具有岩浆弧花岗岩的成分特征。花岗片麻岩中的锆石具有岩浆锆石的环带结构,记录了487.9±1.6Ma的一期构造岩浆事件;混合岩的锆石具有明显的核-边结构,核部和边部的不协和线交点年龄分别为1559±13Ma、1154±12Ma。对比印度大陆东部的西隆高原、东高止造山带,发现三者都经历了拉布拉多期、格林威尔期以及泛非期的造山作用。因此,我们认为喜马拉雅东构造结与这两个地区密切相关,可能是他们向北的延伸,这三者可能组成统一的印度大陆东部造山带,一起经历了哥伦比亚超大陆、Rodinia和冈瓦纳超大陆的聚合与裂解过程。  相似文献   

4.
Within the Namche Barwa area, SE Tibet, the Indus–Yarlung suture zone separates the Lhasa terrain in the north from the Himalayan unit including the Tethyan (sedimentary and volcanic rocks), Dongjiu (greenschist to lower amphibolite facies), Namche Barwa (granulite facies), Pei (amphibolite facies) and Laiguo (greenschist facies) sequences in the south. Two fault systems were distinguished in the Namche Barwa area. The former includes a top-down-to-the-north normal fault in the north and two top-to-the-south thrust zones in the south named as Upper and Lower Thrusts, respectively. The Namche Barwa and Pei sequences were exhumed southwards from beneath the Dongjiu sequence by these faults. Thus, the fault system is regarded as a southward extrusion structure. Subsequently, the exposed Dongjiu, Namche Barwa, Pei and Laiguo sequences were displaced northwards onto the Lhasa terrain by the top-to-the-north fault system, thus, marking it as northward indentation structure. Monazite TIMS U–Pb dating demonstrates that the normal fault and the Lower Thrust from the southward extrusion system were probably active at ~ 6 Ma and ~ 10 Ma, respectively. Zircon U–Pb SHRIMP and phlogopite K–Ar ages further suggest that the Upper Thrust was active between 6.2 ± 0.2 Ma and 5.5 ± 0.2 Ma. The northward indentation structures within the core portion of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis were perhaps active between 3.0 Ma and 1.5 Ma, as inferred by published zircon U–Pb SHRIMP and hornblende Ar–Ar ages. The monazite from upper portions of the Pei sequence dated by U–Pb TIMS indicates that the precursor sediments of this sequence were derived from Proterozoic source regions. Nd isotopic data further suggest that all the metamorphic rocks within eastern Himalaya (εNd = ? 13 to ? 19) correlate closely with those from the Greater Himalayan Sequences, whereas the western Himalayan syntaxis is mainly comprised of Lesser Himalayan Sequences. The two indented corners of the Himalaya are, thus, different.  相似文献   

5.
The eastern syntaxis of the Himalaya, Namche Barwa, is dominated by a north-plunging antiform which began to decompress/grow at approximately 4 Ma. New fission-track analyses on both apatite and zircon, combined with previous geochronological ages, indicate that the Namche Barwa Dome also extended laterally while growing vertically. Zircon fission-track ages range from 17.6 to 0.2 Ma and have a strong relationship to the main faults of the region, including the Tertiary Tsangpo Suture, with the younger ages inside the fault bounds towards the syntaxis core on the Indian Plate and the older ages away from the fault. Apatite ages reveal that the dome has grown laterally and now impinges over the older faulted margin onto the Asian Plate. The dome is traversed by the Tsangpo which has followed the trace of the Suture for over 1300 km from its source to the entrance of the dome near Dania. As the Tsangpo crosses the dome it departs from the Suture but rejoins it some 60 km northeastwards. We construe that the Suture has been displaced by the growing antiform and as a consequence, the antecedent river has been “dragged” in a left-lateral sense along the exhuming north-plunging dome. Restoring the Suture to its position prior to 4 Ma reveals a path of the Tsangpo eastwards across the present southwestern position of the Namche Barwa indentation. This geometric reconstrunction implies that the Tsangpo and the Brahmaputra were always one and the same river. In addition, the Tsangpo was tectonically forced into juxtaposition with a tributary of the Jiali-Parlung which it probably then captured. The capture was due to tectonic forcing, in the last 4 Ma, rather than headward retreat of the paleo-Brahmaputra as has been previously suggested.  相似文献   

6.
东喜马拉雅缺口的地质与地貌成因   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文
东喜马拉雅缺口位于西藏东南部米林地区,平均海拔高度只有4500m,远远低于喜马拉雅山其它地段。我们的研究揭示,它的形成是由一条规模很大的,称之为米林韧性正断层的活动造成的。断层带的宽度至少有20km,大体倾向西,主要由眼球状糜棱岩组成,岩石中的拉伸线理以及眼球旋转的方式表明位于其东西两侧的高喜马拉雅深变质岩系和特提斯喜马拉雅中浅变质岩系之间发生过大规模的拆离运动,导致了东喜马拉雅构造结的最高峰——南迦巴瓦(7756m)的早期抬升以及特提斯喜马拉雅的重力垮塌。该断裂的南西端和藏南拆离系(STDS)相交,因此,它很可能是藏南拆离系的东翼断裂,同样形成于中新世。拆离构造的发生表明喜马拉雅山在中新世发生南北向构造缩短的同时还伴随着近东西向的拉伸。米林断裂的北东端和派区断裂相接。后者在中新世呈左旋剪切,构成东喜马拉雅挤入构造的西边界。米林断裂和上述两个断裂的衔接关系表明该断裂是一个协调高喜马拉雅和特提斯喜马拉雅之间斜向拆离运动的转换断层。  相似文献   

7.
Most carbonatites occur in relatively stable, intra\|plate areas but some are found to occur in near to plate margins and may be linked with plate separation (Woolley, 1989). Although many carbonatites have been discovered to occur in the orogenic belts in recent years, most of these rocks are related to post\|orogenic magmatism, that is, the rocks occur in the specially extensional setting. Therefore it is unusual that such magmatic rocks occur in the typical convergent environment. Here we report carbonatites and associated ultramafic and mafic rocks in the core of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. The eastern Himalayan syntaxis consists of three tectonic units: the Gangdise, the Yarlung Zangbo, and the Himalayan units, each of which is bounded by faults (Liu & Zhong, 1997). The Himalayan unit, the northernmost exposed part of the Indian plate, is divided into two complexes, the amphibolite facies complex in the south and the granulite facies complex in the north. The granulite facies complex in the Himalayan unit have been argued to experience high\|pressure metamorphism and represent materials buried to upper\|mantle depths (Liu & Zhong, 1997). The carbonatites and associated ultramafic and mafic rocks only occur in the granulite facies rocks and are divided into two belts: northern and southern belts.The northern belt extends at least 30km, and is about 20km in width. The southern belt extends several kilometers, and is 3km or so in width. Each belt consists mainly of differently compositional dykes, extending parallel to gneissosity of granulite facies gneiss. Carbonatitic agglomerates are observed in the northern belt. From the center of carbonatite dykes to country rocks, five types of rock are observed: the center parts of carbonatites, the rim parts of carbonatites, ultramafic and mafic rocks, altered rocks and country rocks. The gneissosity of country rock was deformed by intrusion of dykes.  相似文献   

8.
Petrology of high-pressure granulites from the eastern Himalayan syntaxis   总被引：36，自引：0，他引：36  
The eastern Himalayan syntaxis, situated at the eastern terminus of the Himalayas, is the least-known segment of the Himalayas. Recent research in this area has revealed that the syntaxis consists of the Gangdise, the Yarlung Zangbo, and the Himalayan units, each of which is bounded by faults. The Himalayan unit, the northernmost exposed part of the Indian plate, mainly contains amphibolite facies rocks, marked by the assemblages staurolite+kyanite+plagioclase+biotite+muscovite±sillimanite and garnet+amphibole+plagioclase, in the south; to the north, low- to medium-pressure granulite grade pelitic gneisses and marbles are present and are characterized by the assemblages garnet+sillimanite+K-feldspar+plagioclase or antiperthite+biotite+quartz±spinel±cordierite±orthopyroxene in gneisses, and anorthite+diopside±wollastonite and plagioclase+diopside+quartz+phlogopite+calcite in marbles. Within this unit, the Namula thrust system is a series of moderately north-dipping structures that displaced the granulite facies rocks southwards over the amphibolite facies rocks. High-pressure granulites occur as relics within these granulite facies rocks and contain garnet–kyanite granulite and garnet clinopyroxenite. The peak assemblage of the garnet–kyanite granulite includes garnet (core part)+kyanite+ternary feldspar+quartz+rutile. Sillimanite+garnet (rim part)+K-feldspar+ oligoclase+ilmenite+biotite and spinel+albite+biotite or spinel+cordierite±orthopyroxene, which are coronas around sillimanite and garnet, are retrograde products of this peak assemblage. Another peak assemblage includes very-high-Ca garnet (CaO 32–34 wt%, Alm10±Grs>80) and diopside (CaO 22–24 wt%), scapolite, meionite, quartz, and accessory Al-bearing titanite (Al2O3 4–4.5 wt%). The diopside has kink bands. Partial or complete breakdown of Ca-rich garnet during post-peak metamorphism produced pseudomorphs and coronas consisting of fine-grained symplectic intergrowths of hedenbergite and anorthite. Thermobarometric estimates in combination with reaction textures, mineral compositions, and recent experimental studies indicate that these peak assemblages were formed at P=c. 1.7–1.8 GPa, T =c. 890 °C, and the retrograde assemblages experienced near-isothermal decompression to P=0.5±0.1 GPa, T =850±50 °C. The whole-rock compositions indicate that marble and pelite are plausible candidates for the protoliths. These facts suggest the following (1) sedimentary rocks were transported to upper-mantle depths and equilibrated at those conditions to form these high-pressure granulites, which were then emplaced into the crust quickly. During the rapid exhumation of these rocks, the earlier high-pressure assemblages were overprinted by the later low- to medium-pressure assemblages, that is, the high-pressure granulite belt formed in the syntaxis. (2) The Namula thrust system is an important tectonic boundary in the syntaxis, or even in the Higher Himalaya more generally.  相似文献   

9.
High‐grade gneisses (amphibolite–granulite facies) of the Namche Barwa and Gyala Peri massifs, in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, have been unroofed from metamorphic depths in the late Tertiary–Recent. Rapid exhumation (2–5 mm year?1) has resulted in a pronounced shallow conductive thermal anomaly beneath the massifs and the intervening Tsangpo gorge. The position of the 300 °C isotherm has been estimated from fluid inclusions using CO2–H2O immiscibility phase equilibria to be between 2.5 and 6.2 km depth below surface. Hence, the near‐surface average thermal gradient exceeds 50 °C km?1 beneath valleys, although the thermal gradient is relatively lower beneath the high mountains. The original metamorphic fluid in the gneisses was >90% CO2. This fluid was displaced by incursion of brines from overlying marine sedimentary rocks that have since been largely removed by erosion. Brines can exceed 60 wt% dissolved salts, and include Ca, Na, K and Fe chlorides. These brines were remobilized during the earliest stages of uplift at >500 °C. During exhumation, incursion of abundant topography‐driven surface waters resulted in widespread fracture‐controlled hydrothermal activity and brine dilution down to the brittle–ductile transition. Boiling water was particularly common at shallow levels (<2.5 km) beneath the Yarlung Tsangpo valley, and numerous hot springs occur at the surface in this valley. Dry steam is not a major feature of the hydrothermal system in the eastern syntaxis (in contrast to the western syntaxis at Nanga Parbat), but some dry steam fluids may have developed locally.  相似文献   

10.
李鑫  刘强  樊燏  章军锋 《地球科学》2019,44(12):4152-4156
在碰撞造山带构造演化过程中,中下地壳深熔作用对于深部地壳物理性质与化学成分具有重要控制作用.作为深熔作用的"见证者",纳米花岗岩包裹体是寄主岩石部分熔融作用的产物,能够为确定陆壳岩石中天然熔体特征及分析熔融机制提供关键信息.在喜马拉雅东构造结南迦巴瓦岩群的代表性岩石单元（泥质片麻岩与长英质片麻岩）中,石榴石与锆石中常包含有典型的纳米花岗岩包裹体,其代表性子矿物组合为钾长石+斜长石+石英±黑云母,这是在黑云母脱水熔融过程中、寄主片麻岩中熔体被主要转熔矿物（如石榴石等）捕获所形成一类特殊包裹体.在观测基础上,采用高温高压与高温常压手段,对纳米花岗岩包裹体进行均一化实验并获得均一化玻璃质熔体.成分分析表明,均一化熔体成分以过铝质花岗岩为主,其主/微量元素特征能够有效反演部分熔融作用的演化过程.因此,纳米花岗岩包裹体的天然观测与实验研究对于确定天然熔体特征与深入剖析碰撞造山带的地壳深熔作用具有重要启示意义.   相似文献   

11.
The Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis of Namche Barwa carries critical information for understanding the geodynamies of the Indian-Asian collision. In this syntaxis, the Nyingchi Group is a sequence of medium-high grade metasediments, located on the north side of the Indus-Yarlung Suture Zone.  相似文献   

12.
东喜马拉雅构造结的南迦巴瓦杂岩含有广泛分布的高压麻粒岩,但由于以前获得了许多不同的年龄,对这些麻粒岩的变质与深熔时代、持续时间和成因存在不同认识。本文对泥质高压麻粒岩（蓝晶石榴黑云片岩）中的锆石和独居石进行了系统的内部结构、U-（Th）-Pb定年和微量元素分析,以求揭示这些岩石是否具有相同的演化过程。所研究的6个蓝晶石榴黑云片岩由石榴石、蓝晶石、黑云母、石英、钾长石、斜长石、夕线石、白云母、石墨和副矿物金红石、钛铁矿、锆石和独居石组成,峰期矿物组合是石榴石+蓝晶石+斜长石+钾长石+黑云母+石英+金红石。6个样品中的锆石均由继承碎屑核+变质（深熔）幔+变质（深熔）边组成。其中3个样品中的锆石幔和边较宽,均可进行原位定年,幔部给出了类似的较老年龄范围（39.6~31.6Ma、40.8~32.0Ma和38.1~31.3Ma）,而边部给出了类似的较年轻年龄范围（26.8~17.3Ma、28.3~18.6Ma和28.4~18.8Ma）。另外3个样品的锆石幔部较窄,不能进行分析,其边部给出了与前3个样品锆石边部类似的年轻年龄范围（22.0~17.0Ma、20.9~16.9Ma和22.2~16.6Ma）。一个片岩样品中的独居石给出了与其锆石幔部+边部年龄类似的较宽年龄范围（38.1~17.5Ma）,而另外3个样品中的独居石获得了与其锆石边部年龄相似的年轻年龄范围（26.0~18.8Ma、22.3~16.9Ma和26.4~19.4Ma）。随着年龄的减小,锆石和独居石的Th/U比值增大,Eu/Eu*减小,独居石的HREE和Y含量减小。基于这些分析结果,笔者认为所研究的6个片岩记录了相同的、从~41Ma持续到~17Ma的进变质与深熔过程。但是,由于某些样品中的锆石和独居石在早期变质和深熔过程中形成的结晶域（锆石幔部）很窄,无法定年,导致不同的样品获得了不同的年龄范围。结合现有研究成果,笔者推测南迦巴瓦杂岩中的高压麻粒岩经历了相似的长期进变质与深熔过程。  相似文献   

13.
定结（Dinggye）位于藏南高喜马拉雅结晶岩系的中部,研究该区域麻粒岩的变质P-T轨迹对于理解青藏高原的碰撞和抬升过程至关重要.通过对该地区的高压基性麻粒岩（退变榴辉岩）的岩相学观察,确定了4期矿物组合:（1）峰期榴辉岩相矿物组合（M1）由石榴子石（核部）+绿辉石（假象）+石英+金红石组成;（2）高压麻粒岩相矿物组合（M2）主要由石榴子石（幔部）+单斜辉石+斜长石+钛铁矿+角闪石+黑云母组成;（3）中压麻粒岩相矿物组合（M3）由石榴子石（边缘）+斜方辉石+斜长石+钛铁矿+黑云母组成;（4）角闪岩相矿物组合（M4）主要由角闪石+斜长石组成.在NCFMASHTO体系下,用THERMOCALC软件对该高压基性麻粒岩进行了热力学模拟.结合传统温压计和平均温压计计算结果,求得M2、M3、M4阶段的温压条件分别为786~826 ℃、0.78~0.96 GPa;798~850 ℃、0.71~0.75 GPa;610~666 ℃、0.51~0.60 GPa,这指示了一条以峰期后近等温降压（ITD）为特征的顺时针P-T轨迹.结合已有地质资料,表明定结高压基性麻粒岩（退变榴辉岩）是喜马拉雅碰撞造山的产物,峰期后经历了近等温降压的构造抬升过程.   相似文献   

14.
In the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, the Indus–Tsangpo Suture Zone separates the Himalaya to the south from the southern Lhasa terrane to the north. In this study, we combine petrology, zircon U–Pb geochronology and phase equilibrium modeling to quantify the P–T–t paths of metapelites from the Namche Barwa complex, part of the Himalaya, and the Nyingchi complex, part of the southern Lhasa terrane. The Namche Barwa complex is interpreted to record slow cooling across a HP granulite facies P–T field at >12 kbar from 790 °C to the solidus at 750 °C between c. 50 Ma and c. 17 Ma, followed by decompression with slight heating to a P–T field at 5.5–8 kbar and 790–825 °C at c. 3 Ma, consistent with the post-peak segment of a CW P–T–t path. By contrast, the Nyingchi complex records a CCW P–T–t path characterized by compression through peak granulite facies P–T conditions of 7.5–9 kbar at 760–780 °C, before re-crossing the solidus at P of ∼11 kbar at c. 35–31 Ma. Based on the youngest published spot date from a detrital core in zircon from metapelite, the maximum depositional age for the protoliths of the Nyingchi complex is c. 53 Ma. We propose a tectonic scenario in which the Nyingchi complex (CCW P–T–t path) was buried in the interval c. 53–35 Ma synchronous with heating then compression during ongoing convergence related to the India–Asia collision. By contrast, the Namche Barwa complex (CW P–T–t path), which represents the subducted Indian continental lithosphere, records relatively fast exhumation from c. 17 to c. 3 Ma that was initiated by crustal-scale folding linked to orogen-scale gravitational spreading and thrusting, enhanced by surface processes.  相似文献   

15.
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE OPHIOLITIC MELANGE IN THE YALU TSANGPU GRAND CANYON AREA  相似文献   

16.
Geochemistry of Tuting metavolcanic rocks is being reported for the first time. Narrow slivers of mafic volcanic rocks, as those at Tuting, also occur in close association with slivers of more complete sections of ophiolites at the Tsangpo river section upstream of Tuting and skirt round the Namche Barwa antiform. These detached slivers of the mafic volcanic rocks and the ophiolites represent the easternmost components of the Yarlung Tsangpo Ophiolite, and also define the arcuate shape of the Eastern Himalayan syntaxis. The metavolcanic rocks exposed at the apex of the Siang river dome at Tuting (Tsangpo River named Siang down stream of Tuting) is the only exposure of such rocks from the Himalayan syntaxial area in India.The Tuting metavolcanic rocks correspond to andesite and basaltic andesite as per TAS diagram. The mobility of major elements possibly has affected their classification. As per Zr/TiO2 — Nb/Y diagram of Winchester and Floyd (1977), proposed for classification of altered igneous rocks, the Tuting samples mainly correspond to ‘sub-akaline basalt’ and one sample plot as ‘andesite/basalt’. These have a flat chrondrite-normalised REE pattern. MORB-normalized multi-elemental plot shows enrichment in large ion lithophile (LIL) and the light rare earth elements (LREE), and depletion in several high field strength elements (HFSE). Based on these trace element patterns and a few discrimination plots, the Tuting metavolcanic rocks are inferred to have generated in supra-subduction zone environment in an intraoceanic arc, back arc setting, or in a mid-ocean ridge process that resembles the Chile Ridge spreading centre.  相似文献   

17.
The origin of the Greater Himalayan Sequence in the Himalaya and the paleogeographic position of the Lhasa terrane within Gondwanaland remain controversial. In the Eastern Himalayan syntaxis, the basement complexes of the northeastern Indian plate (Namche Barwa Complex) and the South Lhasa terrane (Nyingchi Complex) can be studied to explore these issues. Detrital zircons from the metasedimentary rocks in the Namche Barwa Complex and Nyingchi Complex yield similar U–Pb age spectra, with major age populations of 1.00–1.20 Ga, 1.30–1.45 Ga, 1.50–1.65 Ga and 1.70–1.80 Ga. The maximum depositional ages for their sedimentary protoliths are ~ 1.0 Ga based on the mean ages of the youngest three detrital zircons. Their minimum depositional ages are ~ 477 Ma for the Namche Barwa Complex and ~ 499 Ma for the Nyingchi Complex. Detrital zircons from the Namche Barwa Complex and Nyingchi Complex also display similar trace-element signatures and Hf isotopic composition, indicating that they were derived from common provenance. The trace-element signatures of 1.30–1.45 Ga detrital zircons indicate that the 1.3–1.5 Ga alkalic and mafic rocks belt in the southeastern India is a potential provenance. Most 1.50–1.65 Ga zircons have positive εHf(t) values (+ 1.2 to + 9.0), and most 1.70–1.80 Ga zircons have negative εHf(t) values (− 7.1 to − 1.9), which are compatible with those of the Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic orthogneisses in the Namche Barwa Complex. Provenance analysis indicates that the southern Indian Shield, South Lhasa terrane and probably Eastern Antarctica were the potential detrital sources. Combined with previous studies, our results suggest that: (1) the Namche Barwa Complex is the northeastern extension of the Greater Himalaya Sequence; (2) the metasedimentary rocks in the Namche Barwa Complex represent distal deposits of the northern Indian margin relative to the Lesser Himalaya; (3) the South Lhasa terrane was tectonically linked to northern India before the Cambrian.  相似文献   

18.
The Namche Barwa Complex (NBC) in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, south Tibet, is generally interpreted as the north-eastern extremity of the exposed Greater Himalayan Sequence, comprising Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic sedimentary strata along the northern margin of the Indian continent. Field and petrological investigations indicate that the NBC consists mainly of orthogneiss, paragneiss, amphibolites and calc-silicate rocks. U-Pb zircon data demonstrate that the protoliths of the orthogneiss formed during late Paleoproterozoic at ca. 1610 Ma and also in early Paleozoic at ca. 490-500 Ma. The amphibolites were derived from mafic magmatic rocks formed during 1645 to 1590 Ma. Zircons in the paragneisses have highly variable inherited zircon ages ranging from the Neoarchean to early Paleozoic, with four major age populations of 2490 Ma, 1640 Ma, 990 Ma and 480 Ma. The calc-silicate rock has zircons with early Paleozoic metamorphic age of 538 Ma. Almost all the rocks of the NBC have been metamorphosed during Cenozoic with the metamorphic zircon U-Pb ages ranging from 8 to 30 Ma and a peak at 23 Ma. These, together with previous results suggest that the NBC was originally derived from an Andean-type orogeny following the Columbia supercontinent assembly, and experienced multiple reworking during the Grenvillian, Pan-African and Himalayan orogenies. We conclude that the NBC in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis was derived from different provenance and tectonic setting as compared to those of the Greater Himalayan Sequence which constitutes the high-grade metamorphic core of the western and central Himalayan orogenic belt. We thus infer that the NBC was originally part of the eastern segment of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone.  相似文献   

19.
西藏南部南迦巴瓦地区中新世-上新世地壳深熔作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
郝光明  曾令森  赵令浩 《岩石学报》2021,37(11):3501-3512
位于喜马拉雅东构造结的南迦巴瓦地块经历了复杂的构造变形、强烈的变质和深熔作用,是研究碰撞造山过程中地壳深熔作用的重要对象。完整地厘定新生代晚期岩浆作用期次对于揭示南迦巴瓦地区的构造演化历史和深部过程具有重要意义。南迦巴瓦地块3件淡色花岗岩样品的锆石U-Pb定年结果显示该地块经历了11.30±0.16Ma和2.59±0.04Ma两期地壳深熔作用,可能与南迦巴瓦地块晚新生代快速隆升和剥蚀相关。南迦巴瓦地块保存了大量的~11Ma变质作用和地壳深熔作用记录指示该时间段为构造活动剧烈期。上新世晚期的淡色花岗岩表明,穹窿的隆升和剥蚀所导致的岩浆作用至少持续到了~2.59Ma,代表了南迦巴瓦地区一次年轻的构造岩浆事件。  相似文献   

20.
The eastern Himalayan syntaxis in southeastern Tibet consists of the Lhasa terrane, High Himalayan rocks and Indus‐Tsangpo suture zone. The Lhasa terrane constitutes the hangingwall of a subduction zone, whereas the High Himalayan rocks represent the subducted Indian continent. Our petrological and geochronological data reveal that the Lhasa terrane has undergone two stages of medium‐P metamorphism: an early granulite facies event at c. 90 Ma and a late amphibolite facies event at 36–33 Ma. However, the High Himalayan rocks experienced only a single high‐P granulite facies metamorphic event at 37–32 Ma. It is inferred that the Late Cretaceous (c. 90 Ma) medium‐P metamorphism of the southern Lhasa terrane resulted from a northward subduction of the Neo‐Tethyan ocean, and that the Oligocene (37–32 Ma) high‐P (1.8–1.4 GPa) rocks of the High Himalayan and coeval medium‐P (0.8–1.1 GPa) rocks of the Lhasa terrane represent paired metamorphic belts that resulted from the northward subduction of the Indian continent beneath Asia. Our results provide robust constraints on the Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic evolution of south Tibet.  相似文献   

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