共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 672 毫秒
1.
假定土体在固结过程中压缩性和渗透性的变化成正比,基于 - 及 - 关系,推导出饱和软土成层地基一维非线性固结解析解,分别给出了按沉降定义和按有效应力定义的每层土平均固结度及整个土层总固结度的计算公式。采用Fortran语言编制了相应的计算程序,将计算得到的结果与已有双层地基一维非线性固结解析解计算结果进行比较,验证该解析解的正确性。利用该程序分析成层地基一维非线性固结性状,分别讨论了初始竖向渗透系数、初始体积压缩系数、荷载值及土层厚度对地基固结性状的影响。分析结果表明：在成层地基一维非线性固结过程中,初始竖向渗透系数对超静孔压的影响较为复杂,对上下层地基固结速率影响不同;初始体积压缩系数增大,超静孔压增大,固结速率变小;所加荷载值越大,超静孔压消散越慢,固结发展越慢;超静孔压消散速率不仅取决于土层厚度,同时取决于各层土渗透性的相对大小。 相似文献
2.
The governing equations for one‐dimensional consolidation of layered structured soils under time‐dependent loading are established. Using simplified k‐σ′ and mv‐σ′ models, n‐layered structured soils are transformed into (n + 1) or (n + 2)‐layered soils in which the thickness of upper and lower layers are gradually changing. The approximate solutions for the governing equations are then obtained under two types of boundary conditions, and the computer program is developed. Based on the solutions and computer program, the consolidation behavior of layered structured soils with soft interlayer is studied. It is shown that the permeability and compressibility of the soft interlayer have the greatest influences on the rate of settlement and rate of the dissipation of excess pore water pressure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
Stress history plays an important role in controlling the consolidation behavior of soft clays, but few models exist that can provide quantitative estimate of its influence. In this paper, the Gibson–Lo rheological model is used to simulate the coupled processes of drainage and creep of soft soils that takes stress history into account. A hybrid combination of analytical and numerical methods is adopted to solve the governing equations of consolidation with the nonlinear rheological model. The methodology is applied to a saturated soft soil subjected to surface loading. The soil profile is separated into normally consolidated and overconsolidated layers by a boundary that is allowed to move. Comparisons of the model predictions and its simulations are used to evaluate the effects of stress history, model parameters, and loading pattern on consolidation behavior. It is shown that stress history influences the location of the moving boundary, variations of the profiles of excess pore water pressure dissipation, stress and deformation‐based average degrees of consolidation. Parametric studies conducted show that when soil is stiffer, the excess pore water pressure dissipates much more quickly, and thus the soil consolidates much faster especially at the early stages. The results also show that soil viscosity influences the deformation‐based average degree of consolidation at the latter stages. The consolidation process of soil layer under linear loading is shown to lag behind those under instantaneous loading: the longer the loading period is, the smaller the average degrees of consolidation are no matter how they are defined. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
软黏土层一维有限应变固结的超静孔压消散研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据土力学固结理论计算分析软黏土层固结过程的超静孔隙水压力值,确定软黏土体固结过程的强度增长,对排水固结法处理软土地基至关重要。软黏土层固结过程中土体变形较大时,有限应变固结理论和小应变固结理论计算分析软黏土固结所得结果差异较大。利用非线性有限元法及程序,通过对软黏土层固结工程算例的计算结果分析,研究了有限应变固结理论和小应变固结理论计算分析软黏土层一维固结超静孔压值消散的差异;探讨了软黏土体一维固结过程中,几何非线性、土体渗透性变化和压缩性变化对超静孔隙水压力消散的影响。研究结果表明,当土体的变形较大时,有限应变固结理论计算出的超静孔压要比小应变固结理论得到的值消散的更快。考虑土体固结过程中渗透性的变化时,超静孔压消散变慢;可用软黏土渗透性变化指数ck 反映渗透性变化对超静孔压消散的影响,渗透性变化指数ck值越小、超静孔压消散越慢。固结过程中软黏土压缩性的大小及变化也影响超静孔压的消散,可用软黏土的压缩指数cc反映固结过程中压缩性的大小及变化对超静孔压消散的影响,软黏土的压缩指数cc越小,固结过程软黏土层中的超静孔压消散越快。 相似文献
5.
假设桩周土体为饱和黏弹性介质,采用Burgers流变模型进行描述,同时考虑竖向和径向固结,建立了固结控制方程。根据不排水和自由排水情况,将边界条件分为3类并分别得到超孔隙水压力消散的级数解答,该解答能够为孔压静力触探反求固结系数提供一定的理论依据。在此基础上编制了应用程序,对Burgers流变模型中主要参数进行了分析。结果表明,地基表面自由排水、桩端地基不排水条件下,在一定深度以内的桩周土体的固结速度随深度降低,但超过某一范围后固结速度趋于稳定;上、下边界均自由排水条件下,固结速度随深度增加呈现下降、稳定、升高;上、下边界均不排水条件时,孔压消散速度不随深度变化,可简化为本解答仅考虑径向固结的特例。同时土体的流变特性对超孔隙水压力消散的影响比较显著,流变参数G1/1的变化使超孔隙水压力趋于某不为0的定值,且该值随G1/1比值的增大而增加;其他参数不变时,土体剪切刚度比G1/G2的增大会引起孔压消散速度的下降。 相似文献
6.
A closed form analytical solution for two‐dimensional plane strain consolidation of unsaturated soil stratum 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This paper discusses the excess pore‐air and pore‐water pressure dissipations and the average degree of consolidation in the 2D plane strain consolidation of an unsaturated soil stratum using eigenfunction expansion and Laplace transformation techniques. In this study, the application of a constant external loading on a soil surface is assumed to immediately generate uniformly or linearly distributed initial excess pore pressures. The general solutions consisting of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are first proposed. The Laplace transform is then applied to convert the time variable t in partial differential equations into the Laplace complex argument s. Once the domain is obtained, a simplified set of equations with variable s can be achieved. The final analytical solutions can be computed by taking a Laplace inverse. The proposed equations predict the two‐dimensional consolidation behaviour of an unsaturated soil stratum capturing the uniformly and linearly distributed initial excess pore pressures. This study investigates the effects of isotropic and anisotropic permeability conditions on variations of excess pore pressures and the average degree of consolidation. Additionally, isochrones of excess pore pressures along vertical and horizontal directions are presented. It is found that the initial distribution of pore pressures, varying with depth, results in considerable effects on the pore‐water pressure dissipation rate whilst it has insignificant effects on the excess pore‐air pressure dissipation rate. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
采用Barron轴对称固结及大变形固结问题的某些简化与假定,推导建立了砂井地基大变形固结控制方程,利用建立的双层砂井地基大变形固结方程及编制的计算程序,通过引入软土渗透系数、有效应力与孔隙比之间的幂函数关系k =ced与e=a( )b,对瞬时加载下双层砂井地基固结性状进行算例计算。结果表明：（1）双层软土幂函数渗透关系及压缩关系中诸参数对双层砂井地基固结性状有重要影响：随着两层软土幂函数渗透关系中参数c1、c2的增加（渗透性增加）、或幂函数压缩关系中参数a1、a2的增加,各土层水平径向与竖向孔隙比减小更快,沉降发展速率与超静孔压消散速率也相应增加,且沉降发展速率快于孔压消散速率。（2）两层土在分界面处的孔隙比及平均超静孔压均出现明显的突变,将沿深度分布曲线分成形状不同的两段,表现出不同的固结性状。 相似文献
8.
9.
考虑流变与固结效应的桩筏基础-地基共同作用分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
土的流变性与地基固结的综合作用,导致了上部结构与地基变形的时效性,并呈现出明显的非线性,对桩筏基础与地基共同作用的工作机理及其工作性能产生重要影响。为此,采用弹黏塑性流变模型考虑土的流变特性,通过有限元方法数值求解Biot耦合固结方程,对桩筏基础与地基共同作用的时间效应问题进行了非线性数值分析。通过算例计算,对加载后桩筏基础荷载分配和沉降特性及下覆土层中孔隙水压力的扩散和消散规律进行了探讨。研究表明,地基孔隙水压力的增长和消散不仅具有Mandel-Cryer效应,而且依赖于土的流变变形,尤其在排水条件较差时更为明显。因此,在分析桩筏基础内力变形的时效性时必须考虑土的流变性与地基的固结作用的联合效应。 相似文献
10.
This paper presents the analytical layer‐element method to analyze the consolidation of saturated multi‐layered soils caused by a point sink by considering the anisotropy of permeability. Starting from the governing equations of the problem, the solutions of displacements and stresses for a single soil layer are obtained in the Laplace–Hankel transformed domain. Then, the analytical layer‐element method is utilized to further derive the solutions for the saturated multi‐layered soils in the transformed domain by combining with the boundary conditions of the soil system and continuity conditions between adjacent layers. The actual solutions in the physical domain can be acquired by the inversion of Laplace–Hankel transform. Numerical results are carried out to show the accuracy and stability of the proposed method and evaluate the influence of sink depth and anisotropic permeability on excess pore pressure and surface settlement. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
11.
S. Sadiku 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(16):2789-2800
One‐dimensional consolidation analysis of layered soils conventionally entails solving a system of differential equations subject to the flow conditions at the bounding upper and lower surfaces, as well as the continuity conditions at the interface of every pair of contiguous layers. Formidable computational efforts are required to solve the ensuing transcendental equations expressing the matching conditions at the interfaces, using this method. In this paper, the jump discontinuities in the flow parameters upon crossing from one layer to the other have been systematically built into a single partial differential equation governing the space–time variation of the excess pore pressure in the entire composite medium, by the use of the Heaviside distribution. Despite the presence of the discontinuities in the coefficients of the differential equation, a closed‐form solution in the sense of an infinite generalized Fourier series is obtained, in addition to which is the development of a Green's function for the differential problem. The eigenfunctions of the composite medium are the coordinate functions of the series, obtained computationally through the application of the extended equations of Galerkin. The analysis has been illustrated by solving the consolidation problem of a four‐layer composite, and the results obtained agree very well with the results obtained by previous researchers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
Semi‐analytical solution to one‐dimensional consolidation for unsaturated soils with semi‐permeable drainage boundary under time‐dependent loading 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This paper presents semi‐analytical solutions to Fredlund and Hasan's one‐dimensional consolidation of unsaturated soils with semi‐permeable drainage boundary under time‐dependent loadings. Two variables are introduced to transform two coupled governing equations of pore‐water and pore‐air pressures into an equivalent set of partial differential equations, which are easily solved by the Laplace transform. The pore‐water pressure, pore‐air pressure and settlement are obtained in the Laplace domain. Crump's method is adopted to perform the inverse Laplace transform in order to obtain semi‐analytical solutions in time domain. It is shown that the present solutions are more general and have a good agreement with the existing solutions from literatures. Furthermore, the current solutions can also be degenerated into conventional solutions to one‐dimensional consolidation of unsaturated soils with homogeneous boundaries. Finally, several numerical examples are provided to illustrate consolidation behavior of unsaturated soils under four types of time‐dependent loadings, including instantaneous loading, ramp loading, exponential loading and sinusoidal loading. Parametric studies are illustrated by variations of pore‐air pressure, pore‐water pressure and settlement at different values of the ratio of air–water permeability coefficient, depth and loading parameters. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
Axisymmetric consolidation of multi-layered soils induced by groundwater extraction from a dewatering well is studied with consideration of the anisotropic permeability and the well length. Laplace-Hankel transforms are utilized to solve the governing equations. The analytical layer-element method is used to build relationships between displacements, stresses, excess pore pressure and seepage velocity in the transformed domain. The real solutions can be obtained by the inversion of Laplace-Hankel transforms. A series of parametric studies, especially the length of a dewatering well and the combined effect of pumping and recharging, are conducted to analyze the consolidation behaviors of layered soils. 相似文献
14.
基于Hansob渗流理论和Merchant流变模型,将微分型流变方程耦合到一维固结理论中,建立了循环荷载作用下双变量表述的软黏土一维流变固结耦合方程组。采用FlexPDE软件对方程组进行了求解,通过与已有文献结果对比,验证了算法的可靠性,在该基础上研究了循环荷载作用下饱和软黏土的一维流变固结特性,分析了Hansob渗流参数、Merchant流变模型参数以及循环荷载类型对饱和软黏土固结特性的影响。研究结果表明,按超孔压定义的平均固结度 和按变形定义的平均固结度 均呈现循环变化特征,且 > ;当循环周次较大时, 进行稳定循环状态,由于流变效应, 峰值仍呈逐渐增大趋势;随着Hansob渗流参数 和 的逐渐增大,地基固结速率逐渐降低,同一循环周次内 、 的峰值也随之降低;随着流变参数F的逐渐增大,同一循环周次内 的峰值逐渐降低, 的峰值显著提高;随着 的逐渐增大,同一循环周次内 、 的峰值逐渐降低。循环荷载作用下地基的平均固结度始终处于循环状态,无法达到固结完成状态,其最大平均固结度也远小于线性荷载的情况。 相似文献
15.
基于Liebmann电阻网络模拟原理,研究了饱和土体的一维固结问题,编制相应的Matlab程序进行一维固结计算分析。给出了电阻网络模拟中电压与固结过程中超静孔隙水压力的对应关系以及模型建立和程序编制的完整过程,并模拟了单、双面排水情形下的一维Terzaghi固结问题。模拟过程表明,利用Liebmann电阻网络模拟结果与解析解吻合得较好。分析了时间步距?t改变以及网格?z划分精细程度影响因素作用下,亦即收敛系数? 值改变时的模拟结果与解析解的差异;探讨了Liebmann电阻网络模拟在固结问题中的进一步推广应用。 相似文献
16.
天然软土成层分布特性及土中渗流存在起始水力坡降的现象已被人们熟知。但变荷载下能同时考虑黏土中起始水力坡降、软土非线性压缩渗透特性及大应变特性的双层地基固结理论还鲜见报道。在拉格朗日坐标系中建立以超静孔压为变量的双层软土地基大应变非线性固结模型并给出其有限差分解。通过与考虑起始水力坡降的单层地基大应变非线性固结数值计算结果对比,验证了差分解的可靠性。着重分析了上、下土层起始坡降无量纲参数R1、R2对双层地基固结性状的影响,分析在大应变与小应变假定下双层地基超静孔压消散及固结沉降变形的异同。结果表明：上层土无量纲参数R1对双层地基固结性状的影响程度较下层土无量纲参数R2显著;大应变假定下双层地基渗流前锋的下移速度要快于小应变假定下的移动速度;大应变假定下考虑起始水力坡降的双层软土地基超静孔压消散速率要比小应变假定下快,且大应变假定下考虑起始水力坡降的双层地基最终沉降量要比小应变假定下大。 相似文献
17.
基于Fredlund非饱和土一维固结理论,研究了有限厚度的表面透水透气、底面不透水不透气的线弹性和黏弹性非饱和土地基在加荷随时间指数性变化时的一维固结特性。分别得到了两类地基在固结过程中同时考虑液相、气相渗透系数非线性变化和仅考虑液相渗透系数变化两种情况下的半解析解答。利用典型算例进行计算,分析了不同情况下两类地基中超孔隙水、气压力消散以及地基固结度随时间的变化规律,并与不考虑渗透系数变化时的半解析解计算结果进行了对比。结果发现：固结过程中渗透系数呈非线性变化;只考虑液相渗透系数变化时,超孔隙气压力的消散变化不大,超孔隙水压力的消散加快;气相渗透系数变化对超孔隙气的消散产生明显影响,对超孔隙水压力消散影响不大。同时考虑液相和气相渗透系数变化时,土体中超孔隙水、气压力的消散均有明显变化,土体固结速度也相应加快;分析结果对非饱和土固结的进一步研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
18.
This paper introduces an exact analytical solution for governing flow equations for one‐dimensional consolidation in unsaturated soil stratum using the techniques of eigenfunction expansion and Laplace transformation. The homogeneous boundary conditions adopted in this study are as follows: (i) a one‐way drainage system of homogenous soils, in which the top surface is considered as permeable to air and water, whereas the base is an impervious bedrock; and (ii) a two‐way drainage system where both soil ends allow free dissipation of pore‐air and pore‐water pressures. In addition, the analytical development adopts initial conditions capturing both uniform and linear distributions of the initial excess pore pressures within the soil stratum. Eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are parts of the general solution and can be obtained based on the proposed boundary conditions. Besides, the Laplace transform method is adopted to solve the first‐order differential equations. Once equations with transformed domain are all obtained, the final solutions, which are proposed to be functions of time and depth, can be achieved by taking an inverse Laplace transform. To verify the proposed solution, two worked examples are provided to present the consolidation characteristics of unsaturated soils based on the proposed method. The validation of the recent results against other existing analytical solutions is graphically demonstrated. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
层状可压缩岩基三维固结问题的状态空间解 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用状态空间法求解层状可压缩岩基的三维固结问题。首先从直角坐标系下考虑可压缩性的三维Biot固结问题的控制方程出发,通过Laplace-Fourier变换得到状态空间方程,解此方程并通过Cayley-Hamilton定理,得到单层可压缩岩基三维固结问题的传递矩阵;然后利用传递矩阵法,结合层间连续性条件和边界条件,得到了层状可压缩岩基三维固结问题在积分变换域内的解答;最后应用Laplace-Fourier逆变换技术,得到层状可压缩岩基三维固结问题在物理域内的理论解答。编制了相应的计算程序,进行了数值计算与分析,证明了压缩性对岩基固结问题的影响 相似文献
20.
沉积形成的水底黏性泥砂自重固结过程表现出显著非线性大变形固结特征,应采用大变形固结理论进行泥砂沉积固结计算。基于软黏土一维非线性大应变固结理论,应用有效应力、渗透系数与孔隙比间扩展幂次函数固结本构关系,由达西定律、有效应力原理、连续介质方程等建立大变形固结控制方程,根据固结单元孔隙水渗流、单元变形与泥砂沉积层固结沉降耦合关系形成黏性泥砂大变形自重固结数值模型。泥砂自重作为固结荷载,数值模型假定沉积泥砂各向同性且固结沉降应变、孔隙水渗流仅发生于竖直方向,为一维单向沉积固结过程;采用泥砂沉降柱试验确定泥砂非线性扩展幂次函数关系参数。模型应用中,划分竖向固结单元,由沉积泥砂固结本构关系确定各固结单元有效应力及超孔隙水应力,通过超孔隙水应力时间维度上的消散过程及各固结参数间的耦合关系计算泥砂固结沉降。数值模型计算结果表明,沉积黏性泥砂自重固结初期表现为有效应力调整过程,初始有效应力与孔隙比根据固结本构关系匹配调整为扩展幂次函数关系;沉积泥砂应变与应力固结度存在20%左右误差,泥砂固结沉降发展快于超孔隙水应力消散过程,证明沉积泥砂固结沉降变形的发展与超孔隙水应力消散并非同步耦合。计算模型应用于室内沉降柱试验模拟淤积黏性泥砂自重固结沉降预测中,模型输出与试验结果符合良好。 相似文献