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1.
东营凹陷沙河街组湖相烃源岩的组合特征   总被引:30,自引:5,他引:30       下载免费PDF全文
古近系沙河街组是东营凹陷最重要的成藏组合。在前人研究基础上 ,系统采集该组 6 0 0余块烃源岩样品和 30个油田 186个原油样品 ,分别进行了多项有机地球化学测试。结合其沉积序列和地球化学分析结果 ,将沙河街组烃源岩划分为咸水湖相 (沙四段上部 )、半咸水深湖相 (沙三段下部 )和淡水湖相 -三角洲 (沙三段中部 )三种成因类型 ,它们分别对应欠充填、平衡充填和过充填的湖泊类型 ,代表了陆相断陷盆地烃源岩三种最基本的成因模式 ;并发现沙河街组烃源岩存在强烈的非均质性 ,尤其在平衡充填过程中表现更为突出 ,这种非均质性与湖平面的升降变化密切相关 ,据此提出了波动湖相沉积。通过深入的油 -源对比工作 ,确立了咸水湖相和半咸水深湖相烃源岩为东营凹陷的主力源岩。还探讨了有机质的赋存状态和油气运移方式 ,指出咸水湖相烃源岩形成的油气以侧向运移为主 ,形成的油气藏分布在盆地的边缘 ;半咸水深湖相烃源岩形成的油气以垂向运移为主 ,形成的油气藏主要分布在盆地的中心 ,油藏类型主要为隐蔽性油气藏  相似文献   

2.
地质条件下湖相烃源岩生排烃效率与模式   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
烃源岩排烃研究是油气地球化学研究中最薄弱的环节,而排烃效率又是准确评价常规油气与非常规页岩油气资源的关键参数。目前对于烃源岩排烃效率的认识差异很大,尚未建立完整的各种类型有机质湖相烃源岩在地质条件下生排烃效率与模式。本文以中国渤海湾、松辽等4个大型湖相含油气盆地以及酒泉青西凹陷、泌阳凹陷等9个中小型湖相富油盆地/断陷为对象,通过15000余个湖相烃源岩样品在自然热演化过程中热解生烃潜力指数的变化研究,揭示了湖相烃源岩在地质条件下的生排烃特征,构建了湖相烃源岩在地质条件下的生排烃效率与模型。无论是大型湖相沉积盆地还是中小型断陷盆地,甚至是盐湖相沉积盆地,烃源岩生排烃特征基本一致。随着成熟度的增高,湖相烃源岩排烃效率逐渐增高,在低成熟阶段排烃效率较低,在成熟与高成熟阶段具有高或很高的排烃效率。Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型有机质类型烃源岩排烃模式相似,相对排烃效率在低成熟阶段小于45%,成熟生油高峰时达85%~90%,至生油窗下限时达90%以上;累积排烃效率在低成熟阶段小于10%,生油高峰时达50%~60%,生油窗下限时达75%~85%,主要的排烃阶段在镜质组反射率0.7%~1.2%之间,生油窗阶段生成并排出了绝大部分烃类。湖相Ⅲ型有机质烃源岩排烃效率明显低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ型有机质烃源岩,生油窗阶段累积排烃效率仅为50%左右,主要生排烃阶段在镜质组反射率0.8%~2.0%之间。控制湖相烃源岩排烃量和排烃效率的主要因素是有机质丰度、类型和成熟度,而盆地类型、断裂发育程度、烃源岩沉积环境、相邻输导层孔渗条件等因素均不影响烃源岩排烃与排烃效率。  相似文献   

3.
深水浊积砂岩油气藏是当今世界油气勘探的热点领域。基于地震、钻井、地球化学等资料,系统分析了西非北段科特迪瓦盆地深水浊积砂岩油气成藏的差异性。研究表明,科特迪瓦盆地经历了裂陷期(早白垩世)和漂移期(晚白垩世—现今)两大构造演化阶段,漂移期发育塞诺曼—土伦阶优质海相烃源岩,裂陷期发育阿普特—阿尔布阶湖相烃源岩。漂移期层系为盆地的主力勘探层系,发育两种类型的浊积砂岩油气藏。塞诺曼—土伦阶浊积砂岩油气藏为典型的“砂体运移、自生自储、源内成藏”的油气成藏模式,其油气主要来源于塞诺曼—土伦阶烃源岩,广泛分布的浊积砂岩是油气运移的主要路径,烃源岩的生、排烃期决定了油气成藏时期,是否发育有效烃源岩是该类油气藏成藏的主控因素。圣通—马斯特里赫特阶浊积砂岩油气藏为典型的“断裂运移、下生上储、源外成藏”的油气成藏模式,其油气主要来源于深部裂陷期阿普特—阿尔布阶湖相烃源岩,断裂是油气运移的主要路径,断裂的活动控制了油气的运移和成藏时期,是否发育油源断裂是该类油气藏成藏的主控因素。  相似文献   

4.
渤海湾盆地潜山油气资源量丰富,深化潜山油气成藏研究,定量评价潜山油气充注能力,对该盆地潜山油气勘探具有重要意义.以大量统计资料为基础,对渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷潜山油气成藏模式及充注能力开展了系统研究.研究表明:潜山油气成藏受烃源岩及供烃方式、储集特征、储盖组合等多种因素的控制,与烃源岩大面积直接接触的、长期风化淋滤的潜山储集体,最有利于油气成藏.研究区潜山油气藏分为高位潜山型、中位潜山型和低位潜山型大类;以任丘、苏桥、牛东1这3个典型潜山油气藏为代表,建立了高位、中位、低位3类潜山油气成藏模式.高位模式多分布于中央隆起带,具有“双向油源、源储对接”的特点;中位模式多分布于斜坡带,具有“侧向油源、复合输导”的特点;低位模式多分布于洼陷带,具有“顶部油源、不整合输导”的特点.综合考虑烃源岩生烃强度、潜山储层物性、供烃方式、储盖组合类型以及供烃窗口等多种潜山成藏主控因素,建立了潜山油气充注能力定量评价公式并对9个典型潜山油气藏进行了评价,3类潜山油气藏的油气充注能力明显不同,其中高位潜山油气充注能力最强,低位潜山次之,中位潜山最弱.   相似文献   

5.
蒋有录  房磊  谈玉明  慕小水 《地质论评》2015,61(6):1321-1331
东濮凹陷是渤海湾盆地典型富油气凹陷,利用烃源岩生排烃史模拟和储层流体包裹体分析,对凹陷内不同区带、不同层系油气藏的形成时期及差异性进行了系统研究。结果表明,研究区存在两期成藏:第一期为古近纪东营组沉积后期至抬升初期,第二期为新近纪明化镇组沉积末期,其中第一期为主成藏期。不同区带、不同层系油气充注成藏时期存在明显差异:第一期成藏范围广泛,在全区均有分布,第二期成藏则主要分布于近生烃凹陷区;中浅部层系多为第一期单期成藏,深部层系多为两期成藏,第二成藏期主要分布于深部主力生烃层系中。不同区带及不同层系成藏的差异性主要受控于烃源岩主生排烃期断层活动性和高成熟烃源岩的分布。  相似文献   

6.
论渤海湾盆地深层油气勘探   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
渤海湾盆地近年来在古近系及以下层系发现并探明31个深层油气藏。分析表明,盆地深层以油藏为主,气藏为辅,盆地西部蕴藏较多的石油,向东部则天然气产量增多,这种分布现象与盆地深层烃源岩干酪根类型和高地温作用有关。讨论了古近系原生油气藏、上古生界煤系烃源岩二次生烃的油气藏、下古生界原生油气藏的成藏机制。认为古近系含油气层系仍是近期深层勘探的主要目标,但应加大上古生界煤系烃源岩层和下古生界海相深层油气的勘探。  相似文献   

7.
门限控烃作用及其在有效烃源岩判别研究中的应用   总被引:14,自引:2,他引:14  
油气在生排运聚成藏过程中需经历生烃门限、排烃门限、成藏门限和资源门限。某一确定的油气运聚成藏系统进入任一门限都将损耗一部分烃量,实际地质条件下源岩生成的烃量只有超过进入各个门限时损耗烃量之和后才能大规模聚集成藏,构成油气勘探的远景区;只有提供的油气满足成藏过程中各种油气损耗形成工业油气聚集的源岩才称为有效烃源岩。阐明了各门限地质含义、判别标准和控油气作用机理,并将门限控烃作用在塔里木盆地台盆区古生界碳酸盐岩源岩评价中进行了应用。研究表明,不存在一个放之四海而皆准的最小有机质丰度下限,最小有机质丰度下限受源岩自身条件及成藏地质条件的共同影响。  相似文献   

8.
内蒙古银额盆地查干凹陷烃源岩生烃和排烃史研究   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6  
陶国强 《现代地质》2002,16(1):65-70
为深入研究银额盆地查干凹陷油气的成藏过程 ,优化勘探目标的选择 ,在分析烃源岩特征的基础上 ,应用动态数值模拟技术 ,定量恢复了研究区主要烃源岩层系的生烃、排烃历史。研究表明 ,查干凹陷主要发育 3套烃源岩系 ,其中下白垩统巴音戈壁组二段泥岩为主力烃源岩 ,具较高的有机质丰度、生烃强度与排烃效率 ;烃类排出具阶段性、多期次幕式排烃的特点。以巴音戈壁组二段为源岩的油气系统应是本区油气勘探的主要目标  相似文献   

9.
关于复式油气田   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
该文论述了复式油气田概念的内涵“复式”概念建立于渤海湾盆,济阳坳陷是其模式,它反映了中国东部陆要裂谷盆地油气成藏的普遍规律。文章从中国东部地质构造、沉积、油气季成、生储盖组合、圈闭与成藏等因素分析,指出了裂盆地结构的复杂性、沉积的多源性与封隔性、多层烃源岩与多期工、多种储盖组合与多类生储配置、多类圈闭与复合成藏这些是不同类型含油层系和不同圈闭类型油气藏在空间上相互交错、叠置复式成田的原因。  相似文献   

10.
渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷火山岩特征及其有利成藏条件分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
研究表明,渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷火山岩发育区的岩浆活动热事件促进了烃源岩的早熟,有利于生烃和成藏.其火山岩与烃源岩的三种组合方式,具有良好的油源条件,且多分布在有利的圈闭上,具有油气富集的最基本条件.火山岩储集空间主要为裂缝、微裂缝和粒间溶蚀孔隙等,其发育主要受岩性、粒度、构造应力和充填期四大因素控制,其裂隙主要发育期和油气聚集期相近从而有利于聚油成藏.火山岩型油气藏的勘探将成为南堡凹陷油气储量和产量新的增长点.  相似文献   

11.
Significant differential hydrocarbon enrichment occurs in depressions in a petroliferous basin.There are multiple depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, and each depression as a relatively independent unit of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation, contains significantly different hydrocarbon generation conditions and enrichment degree. On the basis of previous documents and a large number of statistical data, this work comparatively analyzed the differential hydrocarbon enrichment and its major controlling factors in depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin have various hydrocarbon enrichment degrees, and can be categorized into four types, namely enormously oil-rich, oil-rich, oily and oil-poor depressions. In general, the enormously oil-rich and oil-rich depressions are distributed in the eastern part of the basin along the Tan-Lu and Lan-Liao faults, whereas depressions in the western part of the basin are poor in hydrocarbons. Moreover, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons is also highly heterogeneous, with Pre-Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the northern and western depressions, Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the entire basin, and Neogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the off-shore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin. From early depressions in onshore areas to the late depressions in offshore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, the source rocks and source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages gradually become younger and shallower, and the hydrocarbon resource abundance gradually increases. Hydrocarbon supplying condition is the key factor constraining the hydrocarbon enrichment for different depressions,while the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage, sufficient hydrocarbons and the transportation capacity of faults control the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment are different for different layers. The hydrocarbon supplying condition of source rocks is the key controlling factor, whereas the source-reservoir configuration, the main sourcereservoir-cap rock assemblages, and the fault transportation are the main factors of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Paleogene, Paleogene and Neogene, respectively.  相似文献   

12.
Significant differential hydrocarbon enrichment occurs in depressions in a petroliferous basin. There are multiple depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, and each depression as a relatively independent unit of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation, contains significantly different hydrocarbon generation conditions and enrichment degree. On the basis of previous documents and a large number of statistical data, this work comparatively analyzed the differential hydrocarbon enrichment and its major controlling factors in depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin have various hydrocarbon enrichment degrees, and can be categorized into four types, namely enormously oil-rich, oil-rich, oily and oil-poor depressions. In general, the enormously oil-rich and oil-rich depressions are distributed in the eastern part of the basin along the Tan–Lu and Lan–Liao faults, whereas depressions in the western part of the basin are poor in hydrocarbons. Moreover, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons is also highly heterogeneous, with Pre-Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the northern and western depressions, Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the entire basin, and Neogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the off-shore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin. From early depressions in onshore areas to the late depressions in offshore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, the source rocks and source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages gradually become younger and shallower, and the hydrocarbon resource abundance gradually increases. Hydrocarbon supplying condition is the key factor constraining the hydrocarbon enrichment for different depressions, while the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage, sufficient hydrocarbons and the transportation capacity of faults control the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment are different for different layers. The hydrocarbon supplying condition of source rocks is the key controlling factor, whereas the source-reservoir configuration, the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages, and the fault transportation are the main factors of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Paleogene, Paleogene and Neogene, respectively.  相似文献   

13.
塔里木盆地塔中低凸起:一个典型的复式油气聚集区   总被引:28,自引:8,他引:28       下载免费PDF全文
塔中低凸起是塔里木盆地中央隆起上的一个次级构造单元。多年的勘探开发实践表明,该地区具有多个产层,多种油气藏类型,多期油气充注;多种类型的油气藏垂向上复合叠置,横向连片成带,共同构成了一个典型的复式油气聚集区。塔中低凸起是继轮南低凸起之后,塔里木盆地又一个典型的复式油气聚集区。本文在概述区域构造的基础上,从烃源岩与油气充注、储盖类型与组合、油气输导系统、圈闭和油气藏类型等方面论述了该复式油气聚集区的重要特点,分析了油气成藏的主控因素。塔中复式油气聚集区证明:在渤海湾盆地油气勘探和研究实践中总结出来,并已经在中国东部和南部含油气盆地得到成功应用的复式油气聚集区的理论,对我国西部挤压型含油气盆地的油气勘探也具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

14.
<正>The Bohai Bay Basin is a Mesozoic subsidence and Cenozoic rift basin in the North China Craton.Since the deposition of the Permo-Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rock,the basin has undergone many tectonic events.The source rocks have undergone non-uniform uplift,twisting,deep burying,and magmatism and that led to an interrupted or stepwise during the evolution of hydrocarbon source rocks.We have investigated the Permo-Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rocks history of burying,heating,and hydrocarbon generation,not only on the basis of tectonic disturbance and deeply buried but also with new studies on apatite fission track analysis,fluid inclusion measurements,and the application of the numerical simulation of EASY%R_o.The heating temperature of the source rocks continued to rise from the Indosinian to Himalayan stage and reached a maximum at the Late Himalayan.This led to the stepwise increases during organic maturation and multiple stages of hydrocarbon generation.The study delineated the tectonic stages, the intensity of hydrocarbon generation and spatial and temporal distribution of hydrocarbon generations.The hydrocarbon generation occurred during the Indosinian,Yanshanian,and particularly Late Himalayan.The hydrocarbon generation during the late Himalayan stage is the most important one for the Permo-Carboniferous source rocks of the Bohai Bay Basin in China.  相似文献   

15.
渤海湾盆地是一个典型的内陆裂谷盆地,内部发育6个坳陷、4个隆起、54个凹陷和44个凸起。沉积盆地的含油气性与其古地理分布有密切的关系。利用渤海湾盆地各坳陷大量的录井、岩心、古生物、测井、地震资料及前人的大量文献和数据,对渤海湾盆地各坳陷古近系孔店组、沙河街组沙四段、沙三段、沙二段、沙一段、东营组进行了全区对比和统层。在此基础上,对冀中坳陷、济阳坳陷、临清坳陷内东濮凹陷各组段的沉积相进行了分析,编制了这些区域的古地理图;充分利用前人文献和科研报告中所编制的辽河坳陷、黄骅坳陷、渤海海域古近系各组段的古地理图,编制了渤海湾盆地孔店组、沙河街组沙四段、沙三段、沙二段、沙一段、东营组的古地理图。渤海湾盆地发育数十个含油气凹陷,每个凹陷中心的深湖亚相泥岩构成烃源岩,而在凹陷的边缘发育近岸水下扇、扇三角洲、三角洲、滩坝等砂体,构成重要的储集层,在有利的成藏条件下,凹陷中央的烃源岩向周围与之互层的储集层供烃形成油藏,在凹陷中央的烃源岩中,还发育了页岩油、页岩气、致密油气等非常规油气。因此,每个凹陷就是油气生成、运聚的基本单元,是一个独立的油气运移—聚集系统。生油凹陷的分布及其古地理特征控制了油气在渤海湾盆地古近系中的平面分布。  相似文献   

16.
The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generating associations with various characteristics of organic geochemistry and assemblages of multiple reservoir facies are developed due to the multi-center sedimentation, multi-source supply and multi-cycle evolution of filling, which have resulted in the formation of multiple oil and gas accumulation zones of various layers and trap styles. Among them the Paleogene Shahejie Formation is the most important hydrocarbon accumulation combination in the Dongying sag. Heretofore, its proved reserve has reached nearly 1.8×109t, which accounts for more than 90% of the total proved reserves of the Dongying sag. Based on previous studies, more than 600 source rock samples and 186 crude oil samples of the Shahejie Formation, collected from 30 oilfields, have been treated with organic geochemical testing  相似文献   

17.
渤海湾盆地是一个典型的内陆裂谷盆地,内部发育6个坳陷、4个隆起、54个凹陷和44个凸起。沉积盆地的含油气性与其古地理分布有密切的关系。利用渤海湾盆地各坳陷大量的录井、岩心、古生物、测井、地震资料及前人的大量文献和数据,对渤海湾盆地各坳陷古近系孔店组、沙河街组沙四段、沙三段、沙二段、沙一段、东营组进行了全区对比和统层。在此基础上,对冀中坳陷、济阳坳陷、临清坳陷内东濮凹陷各组段的沉积相进行了分析,编制了这些区域的古地理图;充分利用前人文献和科研报告中所编制的辽河坳陷、黄骅坳陷、渤海海域古近系各组段的古地理图,编制了渤海湾盆地孔店组、沙河街组沙四段、沙三段、沙二段、沙一段、东营组的古地理图。渤海湾盆地发育数十个含油气凹陷,每个凹陷中心的深湖亚相泥岩构成烃源岩,而在凹陷的边缘发育近岸水下扇、扇三角洲、三角洲、滩坝等砂体,构成重要的储集层,在有利的成藏条件下,凹陷中央的烃源岩向周围与之互层的储集层供烃形成油藏,在凹陷中央的烃源岩中,还发育了页岩油、页岩气、致密油气等非常规油气。因此,每个凹陷就是油气生成、运聚的基本单元,是一个独立的油气运移—聚集系统。生油凹陷的分布及其古地理特征控制了油气在渤海湾盆地古近系中的平面分布。  相似文献   

18.
The distribution and genetic mechanisms of abnormal pressures in the Bohai Bay Basin were systematically analyzed. Abnormal pressures are widely developed in the Bohai Bay Basin, primarily in the Paleogene E2s4, E2s3, Es1, and Ed formations. From the onshore area of the Bohai Bay Basin to the center of the Bozhong area, the top depth of the overpressured zone in each depression increases gradually, the overpressured strata in each depression gradually move to younger formations, and the pressure structure successively alters from single-bottom- overpressure to double-bottom-overpressure and finally to double-top-overpressure. The distribution of overpressured area is consistent with the sedimentary migration controlled by the tectonic evolution of the Bohai Bay Basin, which is closely related to the hydrocarbon-generation capability of active source rocks. The overpressured strata are consistent with the source-rock intervals in each depression; the top of the overpressured zone is synchronous with the hydrocarbon generation threshold in each depression; the hydrocarbon generation capability is positively correlated with the overpressure magnitude in each formation. Undercompaction was the main mechanism of overpressure for depressions with fluid pressure coefficients less than 1.2, whereas hydrocarbon generation was the main mechanism for depressions with fluid pressure coefficients greater than 1.5.  相似文献   

19.
北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷油气运聚成藏特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
李颂  杨小晏 《世界地质》2012,31(2):365-370
北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷是个断陷湖盆,在油气运聚体系中,断裂可以起到沟通烃源岩的作用,将烃源岩和储层连通在一起; 不整合面造成不同层系的接触与连通,从而为其附近发育的各种圈闭提供油气侧向运移的通道,并形成油气藏。涠西南凹陷已发现的油气分布特征总体上呈“断裂沟源、断脊运移、两面控藏、复式聚集、满凹含油”的油气分布格局,形成了一个“一源多储、复式聚集、连片含油”的油气聚集区。  相似文献   

20.
埕岛复式含油气系统研究及评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对渤海湾南部埕岛地区的油气成藏特征和较高勘探程度的特点,对埕岛复式含油气系统(composite petroleum system),含油气系统,亚油气系统和子系统进行了四个不同勘探级次的划分,描述,以及各含油气系统之间相互关系的讨论,从油气的生成,运移,聚集,保存和破坏有机联系的四个方面18种要素,对不同级次的系统用多级模型综合评判的数学方法,进行了综合定量评价,并在此基础上优选出下一步的有利勘探目标。  相似文献   

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