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1.
《矿物学报》2010,(3)
采用ICP-MS分析方法研究烂泥塘浅成低温热液型Cu-Au矿床中黄铜矿铂族元素(PGE),结果显示黄铜矿的∑PGE较低,其值为5.46×10-9～19.0×10-9。原始地幔标准化PGE配分模式呈Ru、Pd相对于Ir、Pt富集的趋势。Pd/Ir、Ru/Ir、Pt/Ru、Pd/Pt比值分别变化在2.35～21.9、15.6～42.3、0.02～0.20和4.83～21.8之间。除Pt/Ru比值低于原始地幔外,其他比值均高于原始地幔,这表明黄铜矿的Ir、Ru、Pt和Pd之间发生了分异。黄铜矿中相对高的Ru和Pd含量可能是热液流体对早期矿化斑岩选择淋滤的结果。 相似文献
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报道了四川冕宁稀土矿床碳酸岩7件样品的PGE和Au含量分析结果,其含量(wB/10-9)范围分别为Ir 0.5～0.78,Ru 1.61～6.75,Rh 0.08～0.14,Pt 2.62～12.15,Pd 1.11～3.65和Au 1.24～8.61.原始地幔标准化的PGE模式呈Ru、Pt、Pd相对富集和Ir、Rh相对亏损的“燕子型“.分析认为,碳酸岩具有一定携带PGE的能力;本区碳酸岩具“燕子型“PGE配分模式可能是其源区地幔PGE配分模式的反演;深源富CO2流体交代作用原始地幔可能是形成其“燕子型“PGE配分模式主要因素. 相似文献
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西藏路曲蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩的贵金属元素地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带是冈瓦纳板块与欧亚板块汇聚的几条主要缝合带之一。路曲蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带中部，分析了路曲蛇绿岩中橄榄岩的铂族元素（PGE）和Au的含量，其CE 量是原始地幔的1.7-3.3倍，相对于Ir而言，岩石的Pd,Pt含量较高，变化也较大，P/Ir,Pd/Pt比值明显高于球粒陨石的比值。PGE对原始地幔标准化模式呈正斜率型，地幔橄榄岩中CaO和Al2O3分别为0.30%-1.20%和0.04%-0.42%。说明路曲橄榄岩形成于亏损型地幔，Al2O3与Pt,Pd具有比Ir组PGE（IPGE，包括Os,Ir和Ru)更好的正相关关系，说明地幔岩中Al2O3的亏损使PGE之间发生了分异作用，但这种分异作用并不显著，地幔橄榄岩的稀土元素含量为原始地幔的约1／8，稀土元素的（La/Yb)N值为0.71-4.42，平均1.51,(La/Sm)s值为0.123-19.2,平均6.55;(Gd/Yb)s为0.023-2.64，平均0.28，推测在本区地幔岩受到过交代作用的影响，这种交 有较高的REE，PGE含量和高的Pd组PGE（PPGE，包括Pt和Pd)含量，结果可以形成路曲特征PGE含量的地幔岩。 相似文献
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云南哀牢山金矿带墨江金镍矿床铂族元素（PGE）地球化学及其对矿床成因的制约 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
文章系统地测定了墨江金镍矿床中的金镍矿和镍矿矿石中的PGE含量,结果均较低,∑PGE为(2.58～109.66)×10-9,与超基性岩的∑PGE〔(14.58～50.48)×10-9〕相差不大,且矿石与超基性围岩PGE Au的球粒陨石标准化模式基本一致,均为Pt和Ir相对亏损和Ru及Rh相对富集的M型,显示墨江金镍矿PGE来源较为一致,主要来自超基性岩体;墨江金镍矿Pd/Ir比值为0.18～10.0,远低于典型热液型镍矿的Pd/Ir值(>100),而与岩浆型镍矿相近,说明其中的镍主要为岩浆成因,后期热液改造并不是Ni成矿的主导因素,因此墨江应为早期岩浆型Ni矿和晚期热液型Au(Ni)矿叠加形成的复合矿床。墨江金镍矿的超基性围岩直接来自地幔,是由经历了基性岩浆抽提和交代作用形成的亏损地幔发生程度不同的部分熔融形成的,其原始岩浆中硫已达到饱和。 相似文献
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区内各岩体的地幔橄榄岩中PGE含量及分布型式有所差异.相对于原始地幔,拉昂错和东坡岩体的PGE含量没有显著异常,标准化分布曲线大致平坦,PPGE与IPGE之间分馏不明显,总体特征与中国日喀则地区以及阿尔卑斯和东地中海地区的地幔橄榄岩相似.而当穷岩体的PPGE含量变化范围较大,出现IPGE与PPGE强分馏.单斜辉石岩脉的PGE含量及分布型式与地幔橄榄岩不同:Os、Ir、Ru、Rh亏损而Pt、Pd富集,模式曲线向左倾斜,可能反映其较高程度部分熔融作用和熔体分离作用的产物.铬铁矿石的PGE含量较高,而且变化幅度大(19.7×10-9～5526×10-9),各样品∑PGE平均值(729.33×10-9)是原始地幔的25.6倍.与原始地幔相比,Os、Ir、Ru、Rh总体上表现为较强富集,Pt、Pd富集与亏损并存.其标准化模式曲线较分散,曲线向右倾斜,IPGE与PPGE分馏较强,多数样品呈现Pt负异常.这些特点与中国罗布莎、希腊、南斯拉夫以及塞浦路斯等世界各地蛇绿岩中的铬铁矿床类似.铬铁矿石的PGE含量与相应样品的BMS含量无相关性,PGE不是主要赋存于BMs内.推测PGE主要以PGM的形式存在,具体矿物名称有待进一步发现与研究. 相似文献
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报道了四川冕宁稀土矿床碳酸岩7件样品的PGE和Au含量分析结果，其含量（WB／10^-9）范围分别为Ir0．5～0．78，Ru 1．61～6．75，Rh 0．08～0．14，Pt 2．62～12．15，Pd 1．11γ3．65和Au1．24～8．61。原始地幔标准化的PGE模式呈Ru、Pt、Pd相对富集和Ir、Rh相对亏损的“燕子型”。分析认为，碳酸岩具有一定携带PGE的能力；本区碳酸岩具“燕子型”PGE配分模式可能是其源区地幔PGE配分模式的反演；深源富CO2流体交代作用原始地幔可能是形成其“燕子型”PGE配分模式主要因素。 相似文献
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采用镍锍火试金法结合ICP-MS分析了12个北大别白垩纪镁铁-超镁铁岩样品的Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt和Pd的含量,结果显示铂族元素（PGE）的含量较低,原始地幔标准化后的PGE分布模式呈正斜率型,PPGE相对原始地幔略微亏损,而IPGE强烈亏损,Pd/Ir值远高于相应的地幔比值。这些镁铁-超镁铁岩中PGE的强烈分异是地幔低程度的部分熔融过程中,PPGE主要受硫化物控制,而Ir则存在于非硫化物相如尖晶石,可能还有合金之中造成的。同时,铂族元素的分布特征表明这些镁铁-超镁铁岩是岩浆结晶分异的产物。 相似文献
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方解石作为木落稀土矿床常见的脉石矿物,其中的铂族元素(简称PGE)地球化学特征有可能记录了地质流体的性质。采用ICP-MS分析木落方解石中PGE的含量,并对铂族元素的分布、相关性、成因进行了探讨。木落方解石可以分为两类:I型方解石和Ⅱ型方解石。I型方解石中∑PGE(不含Os)0.62～1.33ng/g,具相对低的Pd/Pt、Pd/Rh、Pd/Ru、Pd/Ir比值,不太显著的Pt-Pd分配模式,为岩浆成因方解石,与成矿作用密切相关;Ⅱ型方解石中∑PGE(不含Os)1.85～2.97ng/g,具相对高的Pd/Pt、Pd/Rh、Pd/Ru、Pd/Ir比值和显著的Pt-Pd分配模式,为热液成因方解石,代表了成矿作用后的一期地质流体作用,与成矿关系不大,仅局部地区存在改造前次流体作用形成的稀土矿体。富CO2热液具有携带PGE的能力,并能够导致PGE的分异,与富CO2岩浆相比,富CO2热液对铂族元素具有一定程度的富集作用。 相似文献
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煎茶岭硫化镍矿床的铂族元素地球化学特征及其意义 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
采用ICP-MS分析方法对煎茶岭硫化镍矿床岩石及矿石的铂族元素地球化学研究表明,煎茶岭矿床蛇纹岩的Cu/Pd值低于原生地幔岩浆的Cu/Pd值,说明岩浆熔离作用较弱,其Au/Pd值反映存在后期变质热液成矿作用镍矿石的Pd/Ir比值变化较小,指示其多数矿石属于岩浆型,尽管岩浆活动弱,但以岩浆成矿作用为主。该硫化镍矿床的铂族元素特征参数(Pt/(Pt Pd)、(Pt Pd)/(Ru Ir Os)、Pd/Ir及Cu/(Ni Cu)等)具有过渡特征,这与其处于过渡的构造环境、特殊的岩浆性质和复杂的成矿作用有关煎茶岭镍矿床成矿过程中有壳源物质的混染,整体上岩、矿石铂族元素含量较低,这与其岩浆熔离作用弱,PGE成矿作用不发育等因素有关 相似文献
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云南白马寨Cu-Ni硫化物矿微量和铂族元素地球化学和矿床成因意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用锍镍试金富集-等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定法较系统分析了云南白马寨主要Cu-Ni硫化物矿石和主要围岩的PGE、Au、Cu和Ni含量,发现PGE含量均较低,其中块状硫化物矿石的∑PGE为78.2×10-9～556×10-9,橄榄辉石岩为0.472×10-9～67.0 ×10-9,辉长岩为0.847×10-9,二辉岩为0.76×10-9～0.809 ×10-9.后期煌斑岩的PGE也很低(2.98×10-9～4.07×10-9).各类矿石和围岩中∑PGE与Au, Ni与Cu之间呈明显的正相关关系.各类矿石的PGE原始地幔标准化曲线和Pt/Pd和Cu/Pd值与其各主要围岩非常相似,说明该矿Cu-Ni硫化物矿石为岩浆成因,且与围岩有成因上的联系.矿石和围岩较高的Pt/Pd值(平均0.83)显示其主要形成于单独的硫化物饱和事件,矿石中较高的Ir (0.77×10-9～5.52×10-9, 平均2.35×10-9)和Pd/Ir值 (4.76～296,平均138)显示硫化物矿石可能受到后期强烈的热液蚀变.白马寨硫化物矿石较高的187Os/188Os 初始值(0.456± 0.026)显示地壳物质的加入是成矿的重要因素.计算显示该矿硫化物矿石中地壳来源Os超过30%. 相似文献
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Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
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扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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Pressure Increases, the Formation of Chromite Seams, and the Development of the Ultramafic Series in the Stillwater Complex, Montana 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper explores the hypothesis that chromite seams in theStillwater Complex formed in response to periodic increasesin total pressure in the chamber. Total pressure increased becauseof the positive V of nucleation of CO2 bubbles in the melt andtheir subsequent rise through the magma chamber, during whichthe bubbles increased in volume by a factor of 4–6. Byanalogy with the pressure changes in the summit chambers ofKilauea and Krafla volcanoes, the maximum variation was 0•2–0•25kbar, or 5–10% of the total pressure in the Stillwaterchamber. An evaluation of the likelihood of fountaining andmixing of a new, primitive liquid that entered the chamber withthe somewhat more evolved liquid already in the chamber is basedupon calculations using observed and inferred velocities andflow rates of basaltic magmas moving through volcanic fissures.The calculations indicate that hot, dense magma would have oozed,rather than fountained into the chamber, and early mixing ofthe new and residual magmas that could have resulted in chromitecrystallizing alone did not take place. Mixing was an important process in the Stillwater magma chamber,however. After the new magma in the chamber underwent {smalltilde}5% fractional crystallization, its composition, temperature,and density approached those of the overlying liquid in thechamber and the liquids then mixed. If this process occurredmany times over the course of the development of the Ultramaficseries, a thick column of magma with orthopyroxene on its liquiduswould have been the result. Thus, the sequence of multiple injections,fractionation, and mixing with previously fractionated magmacould have been the mechanism that produced the thick bronzitecumulate layer (the Bronzitite zone) above the cyclic units. 相似文献
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V. Yu. Prokof’ev L. D. Zorina V. A. Kovalenker N. N. Akinfiev I. A. Baksheev A. N. Krasnov G. A. Yurgenson N. V. Trubkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(1):31-68
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type. 相似文献