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沿扬子板块北缘大巴山弧形断裂出露的新元古代龙潭河组主体为一套富火山碎屑沉积岩夹原生火山碎屑岩组合。长期以来,它们以及上覆砂砾岩组合(木座组)(前人认为冰蹟岩)统被解释为扬子板块北缘新元古代陆内裂谷和被动陆缘沉积。龙潭河组岩石组合包括杂砂岩、含砾粗砂岩、砾岩、凝灰质粉砂岩夹(含砾)凝灰岩。砂岩碎屑组成研究表明,龙潭河组碎屑以火山岩岩屑和斜长石为主,少量石英,砾岩砾石主要为玄武岩、玄武安山岩/安山岩。这些特征表明物源区主要出露中、基性火山岩和富火山碎屑沉积岩,少量长英质岩石,源区大地构造背景为岛弧。本文对一套具有近源堆积特征的火山质砾岩进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年分析,结果显示锆石具有两组集中年龄群,峰值分别为~770 Ma和~705 Ma,表明源区存在至少两期岩浆活动。龙潭河组砾石、岩屑和锆石较差的磨圆度和分选性共同表明它们为一套近源沉积,碎屑组成表明物源区为~705 Ma岛弧,形成于弧后环境。龙潭河组物源区岛弧构造背景的确定暗示南秦岭造山带北大巴山地区与俯冲相关的岛弧构造体制一直持续到~705 Ma。 相似文献
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柴达木北缘滩间山群时代及其地质意义 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
滩间山群是柴北缘早古生代重要的火山-沉积建造。基于野外地质特征、古生物组合、同位素年龄、构造-热事件等的综合分析,本文认为滩间山群形成于早-晚奥陶世,时限496~440Ma,与该区超高压变质作用不同步,后者时限545~485Ma。新的滩间山群火山-沉积建造序列表明,柴北缘从新元古代-早古生代可能存在两次构造开合演化过程。 相似文献
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柴北缘赛坝沟增生杂岩组成与变形特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
柴北缘构造带由高压-超高压变质岩、蛇绿岩、增生杂岩、火山-岩浆弧及前寒武纪中-高级变质岩共同构成。该构造带内的"滩间山群"岩石组合与构造属性复杂,其岩性包括中基性火山岩、碎屑沉积岩以及超基性岩和中酸性侵入岩,普遍遭受低绿片岩相变质作用和强烈构造变形。结合区域资料和地质填图结果,综合分析认为该构造带东段赛坝沟地区的"滩间山群"由火山-岩浆弧、增生杂岩、蛇绿岩三个不同构造单元岩石组成。其中增生杂岩主要是一套深海-半深海沉积组合,夹玄武岩、灰岩、硅质岩等块体,自南而北总体呈现出来自洋壳、海山和海沟环境的大洋板块地层的岩石组合特征,同时呈现与日本西南部增生杂岩极为相似的岩石组合类型。该套组合构造变形强烈,主要表现为2期构造变形。其中第一期构造变形(D1)主要表现为双冲构造和同斜紧闭褶皱,断层和褶皱轴面主体倾向为NE,形成于大洋俯冲阶段;第二期构造变形(D2)主要表现为不对称褶皱和S-C组构,可能是晚期柴达木与祁连地块发生陆-陆碰撞过程中形成的,形成时间为440～400Ma。空间上,该增生杂岩与出露于其北侧的蛇绿岩、火山-岩浆弧共同构成了相对完整的沟-弧系统,指示了寒武-奥陶纪时期,柴北缘地区曾发生古洋盆向北俯冲造山作用。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地北缘牦牛山地区出露的牦牛山组是一套由冲积扇和扇三角洲相共同构成的陆相沉积组合,冲积扇相砾岩-粗砂岩组合主要分布于研究区SE侧,扇三角洲相砂岩-泥岩组合主要分布于研究区NW侧。古水流分析表明牦牛山组沉积物主要来自其SE侧古隆起,但后期扇三角洲相包含少量来自NW和NE向的沉积物。该套沉积组合序列特征与区域上分布在牦牛山西侧同时期形成的湖泊相、滨浅海相沉积共同表明,柴达木盆地北缘在晚志留-早泥盆世时期存在一NW向倾斜的古斜坡,且晚期北侧发生抬升。砾岩和砂岩碎屑组成与区域岩石组合类型对比表明,牦牛山组沉积碎屑物主要来自于滩间山群。沉积组合序列特征、碎屑组成和区域构造背景综合研究表明,牦牛山组可能为柴达木板块向北俯冲过程中形成的局部断陷盆地的充填物。 相似文献
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青海锡铁山矿区滩间山群新认识 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
锡铁山滩间山群是重要的含矿火山-沉积建造.基于野外地质特征、古生物组合、同位素年龄、构造-热事件和火山-沉积演化等的综合分析,文章认为滩间山群形成于早-晚奥陶世,并重新厘定了4个(构造-)岩石地层单位.新建层序反映柴北缘早古生代经历了大陆裂谷开合演化过程. 相似文献
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研究区位于安徽绩溪县杨溪镇,区内主要发育一套新元古代浅变质碎屑岩系,厚度为639.7 m。碎屑岩以泥岩、泥质粉砂岩、砂岩、含砾砂岩和砾岩为主,发育水平层理,粒序层理,韵律层理等沉积构造,可见鲍马层序Ta、Tc、Td、Te段。碎屑组分以跃移组分为主,含量为35%～58%。地层上段厚为254.8 m,包含粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩和粉砂质泥岩,水平层理和粒序层理发育,为中扇-外扇扇叶沉积,中段厚为192.5 m,主要为细砂岩、粉砂岩和泥质粉砂岩,砂岩条带广泛发育,属于中扇水道沉积,下段厚为192.4 m,为一套砾岩层,砾石分选较差,砾岩层间夹有粉砂质泥岩,为上扇水道滞留沉积。总体上,形成一套退积的海底扇沉积序列。 相似文献
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惠民凹陷中央隆起带沙四上亚段滩坝与风暴岩组合沉积 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
惠民凹陷沙四上亚段沉积时期,盆地边缘发育三角洲和扇三角洲沉积,受波浪和沿岸流的影响,在中央隆起带滨浅湖区形成了与岸线走向平行或斜交的滩坝砂体和风暴沉积。滩坝沉积成熟度较高,泥质含量少,岩性以中细砂岩和粉砂岩为主,也有少量砾石,砂岩中常见含双壳类化石、生物碎屑和炭屑。滩坝沉积可分为砂坝、砂滩和滩坝间微相,平面上该区滩坝砂体可分为近岸砂滩、近岸砂坝、坝间砂滩、远岸砂坝、远岸砂滩、水下隆起处砂坝和水下隆起处砂滩。此外,受风暴浪的影响,在浪基面和风暴浪基面之间的地带形成风暴沉积,主要由块状层理段、递变层理段、丘状交错层理段、平行层理段和块状泥岩段构成。该组合沉积体系的形成主要受古地形、物源性质、湖平面变化等方面的影响。 相似文献
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Shi Zhiqiang Yi Haisheng Lin Jinhui Zhu Lidong Liu Dengzhong Huang Jijun Tao ZhuanWT ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)
PROVENANCE OF LOWER TERTIARY REDBEDS IN HOH XIL BASIN AND UPLIFT OF NORTHERN TIBET PLATEAU 相似文献
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在野外地质调查、岩芯描述和测试分析的基础上,对通化盆地亨通山组的沉积相类型、沉积环境及演化进行研究,识别出冲积扇、扇三角洲、水下扇、浅湖-半深湖和火山机构5个沉积相类型,并分析了沉积相展布特征。根据孔隙度、渗透率和压汞分析,确定亨通山组储层发育的岩性,包括砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、凝灰质砂岩、凝灰岩和凝灰熔岩,确定储层为特低孔-低孔、超低渗透储层。研究认为亨通山组储层发育的有利沉积相为水下扇相和火山岩相。原生孔隙发育,保证了石油注入时的条件。后期受到较大的埋深、火山物质和成岩改造,虽然有一定的溶蚀孔隙出现,但原生孔隙破坏和大量的黏土矿物生成,堵塞了吼道,导致储层物性差。 相似文献
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老君山砾岩是一套由砾岩和杂砂岩组成的陆相粗碎屑岩.砾岩由来自下伏基底的超镁铁岩、中-基性火山岩、硅质岩、花岗岩等碎屑组成.杂砂岩中岩屑含量大于70%,石英约10%,长石约15%.岩屑以中基性火山岩和花岗岩为主;硅质岩屑是主要的沉积岩屑.锆石、磷灰石、磁铁矿是杂砂岩中最为丰富的重矿物,同时还有铬铁矿、石榴子石、电气石、金红石、黄铁矿.这些事实说明,老君山砾岩的源区曾出露有超镁铁岩、中基性火山岩、变质岩等类型的岩石.砂岩碎屑模式和粉砂岩、泥岩的地球化学成分均表明,老君山砾岩源区为大陆边缘弧和大洋岛弧,形成于活动大陆边缘与岛弧相关的沉积盆地中. 相似文献
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松辽盆地东缘下白垩统营城组二段火山碎屑沉积的过程、相和结构 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
松辽盆地东缘六台地区营城组露头地质调查和实验室分析显示,貌似正常碎屑岩的营二段是一套复杂的火山熔岩和沉积岩之间的过渡岩性。这套岩性包括了碎屑熔岩、凝灰岩、沉凝灰岩、凝灰质碎屑岩和正常碎屑岩,显示了它们形成于火山—沉积盆地的过渡环境,即火山斜坡过渡到冲积平原和湖泊环境。与火山作用有关岩相有4种端元的火山碎屑岩相:弹射坠落爆发空落相、喷射降落爆发空落相、热碎屑流相和热基浪相。火山物质堆积在火山斜坡以及前方的冲积平原上,往往以火山碎屑岩相或者冲积扇相、辫状河相保存;它们堆积在湖泊中则为三角洲相、扇三角洲相、较深水相和沼泽相。这些相的空间组合反映了火山喷发—碎屑堆积的过程。根据旋回发育营二段可以区分出3种类型的充填序列:沉积—火山充填序列、沉积充填序列和火山充填序列。较为完整的序列为粗碎屑岩—火山岩和火山碎屑岩—细碎屑岩,对应着裂谷类盆地断裂作用—火山作用—沉积充填的过程,记录在特定的地层结构中。 相似文献
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春晖油田位于准噶尔盆地西北缘哈山（即“哈拉阿拉特山”）地区,主要含油层系为侏罗系八道湾组,对沉积相及有利储集层分布规律的研究制约着春晖油田的勘探工作。为此,根据野外露头、钻井、测井、取心及分析测试资料等,对春晖油田八道湾组开展了沉积相和有利砂体分布分析。研究结果表明,研究区八道湾组一段一砂组沉积时期,气候温暖潮湿,来自西北方向的多个物源形成的湿地扇沉积在研究区相互叠置,可识别出为扇根、扇中、扇缘3种亚相和6种岩石相（扇根砾岩相,扇中辫状河道砂砾岩相、辫状河道粗砂岩相、辫状河道细砂岩相,扇缘泥岩相和碳质泥岩及煤层相）;扇中粗砂岩相、细砂岩相为油气聚集的优势岩相带,亦是油气运移的优势通道,它决定了油气富集规模及油藏边界。 相似文献
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The Pliocene to possibly Pleistocene uppermost Orubadi and Era Formations, southwest margin of the Papuan Peninsula, are interpreted as having been deposited in alluvial-fan, fan-delta and shallow-marine environments. The alluvial-fan facies consists primarily of lenticular, coarse-grained conglomerate (up to 2 m boulders) and cross-bedded and horizontally laminated sandstone. Conglomerate and sandstone were deposited in shallow fluvial channels and by overbank sheetfloods. The facies also contains thick mudflow diamictite and minor tuff and terrestrial mudstone. The shallow-marine and fan-delta facies, in contrast, consists of heterogeneously interbedded marine and terrestrial mudstone, sandstone, diamictite, conglomerate and limestone. Marine mudstone is calcareous, sandy, bioturbated, and contains marine shells. Limestone is mostly packstone that has a varied, open-marine fauna. Rare coral boundstone is also present. Marine sandstone is burrowed to bioturbated and is hummocky cross-stratified in places. Some marine mudstone contains sandstone pillows formed by loading of unconsolidated sand by storm waves. Other sandstone in the fan-delta facies is cross-bedded, lacks shells and was probably deposited by fluvial processes. Several conglomerate beds in the fan-delta facies are well sorted and imbricated and were also deposited by stream floods. The synorogenic Orubadi and Era Formations were deposited in a foreland basin formed from loading of the Papuan–Aure Fold and Thrust Belt on the edge of the Australian craton. Deformation in the fold and thrust belt was probably related to docking and compression of the Finisterre Terrane–Bismarck Arc against the New Guinea Orogen. The Era Formation interfingers with the reefal Wedge Hill Limestone in which reef facies likely grew on a deforming anticline. Era Formation siliciclastics were sourced from volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks that were uplifted in the orogen to the northeast. Volcanic sediment was derived mostly from a then-active volcanic arc likely related to southward subduction at the Trobriand Trough. 相似文献
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随着旅游地学的兴起和地学科普的需求,红层与丹霞地貌正在吸引着越来越多的关注。赣东北贵溪市象山地质公园发育以赤壁丹崖为特色的丹霞地貌景观,成景地层为上白垩统圭峰群河口组以砾岩为主的红色碎屑岩,冲刷侵蚀界面、粒序层理和交错层理等沉积构造发育,这为沉积环境分析提供了良好的判断标志。对该套成景地层进行厘米级实测,另外选择2处砾岩露头进行砾石统计以获取碎屑颗粒粒径、岩性、磨圆度和风化程度等信息。在实测厚度为40余米的地层柱状图上,识别出7种岩相类型,即正粒序砾岩、逆粒序砾岩、无沉积构造砾岩、平行层理砾岩、交错层理砾岩、聚集状砾岩、砂岩。砾石以中砾(2~5 cm)为主,磨圆度低,风化程度中等,成分以凝灰岩为主(58%~665%),其次为石英、花岗岩、砂岩。砾石成分和砾向分析结果说明,盆地南部早白垩世凝灰岩提供了主要的碎屑物质。根据野外实测红层剖面和砾石统计分析,认为成景地层为冲积扇沉积体系的产物。河口组红层沉积时期,盆地边缘断层活跃,间歇性强降雨事件导致冲积扇朵叶上洪泛河流搬运的沉积物供应充足,最终在剖面上形成砾岩和砂岩频繁互层及其厚度横向不稳定的现象。在中国东南地区晚白垩世总体干燥的古气候背景下,河口组中河流作用主导的冲积扇沉积体系可能指示了古气候向湿润转变,降水增加,相对丰富的水系将粗碎屑搬运到盆地区发生沉积。 相似文献
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Ji LeiNanjing Institute of Geography Limnology Academia Sini Nanjing Jiang Minxi 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,68(4):435-449
The Cambrian-Ordovician rocks in southwestern Jiangxi are mainly composed of deep-water deposits, in which 5 facies have been recognized: sandstone facies, sandstone-mudstone facies, siltstone-mudstone facies, mudstone (slate)facies, and chert facies. They are of turbidity current origin and are related to pelagic and hemipelagic deposits. In the light of facies distribution, the Cambrian-Ordovician deposits can be classified into 3 facies associations formed in middle fan, outer fan and deep-sea plain environments respectively. The 3 different orders of vertical cycles in the stratigraphic sequence are considered to be controlled by factors such as sea-level fluctuation, basin subsidence and submarine fan progradation. The tectonic setting of the sedimentary basin is interpreted as passive continental margin based on the chemical composition analysis of the sandstone. 相似文献
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《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2001,19(1-2):61-76
The northeastern margin of the Tethyan Neyriz ophiolite complex in southwestern Iran is tectonically juxtaposed under cataclastically-deformed island arc volcanic–volcaniclastic rocks. We document this arc component of the Zagros Crush Zone in the Neyriz area, and describe its petrographic and geochemical characteristics. The arc unit which we call the Hassanabad Unit, is tectonically intercalated with Cretaceous limestone in the cataclastic shear zone around the Hassanabad pass north of Neyriz.Analyses of the distributions of the major, rare earth and other trace elements in the volcanic rocks of the Hassanabad Unit reveal a dominantly calc-alkaline island arc composition. Volcanogenic sandstone and sedimentary breccia, with clasts of basalt, andesite and diorite, are cataclastically intercalated with pillowed calc-alkaline island arc volcanic rocks, pelagic limestone and radiolarian chert. Trace element geochemistry corroborates the petrographic evidence that the poorly-sorted and angular volcanogenic sediments were derived locally from the island arc volcanic and intrusive rocks. The emplacement of the volcanic arc rocks adjacent to the thrust sheets of the crustal and mantle sequences of the Neyriz ophiolite was probably a result of subduction-related processes during closure of the Tethys ocean during the Late Cretaceous. 相似文献