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1.
从浙江天台白垩纪蛋化石复原恐龙类群 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
浙江天台盆地白垩纪地层中,已发现了甲龙类及慢龙类等恐龙骨骼化石及数以千计的蛋化石,其中许多为恐龙蛋化石。根据国内外相同类型的蛋化石中迄今已发现的恐龙胚胎化石研究成果,可大致确定其中一部分蛋化石分别是由鸭嘴龙类、巨龙类、慢龙类、盗蛋龙类、伤齿龙类和暴龙类等恐龙所产。并发现鸭嘴龙类、巨龙类和慢龙类的圆形蛋、副圆形蛋在数量上占绝大多数,盗蛋龙的长形蛋和伤齿龙的棱柱形蛋较少,暴龙类的巨型长形蛋最少,从而反映了他们各自在生态金字塔中的位置。 相似文献
2.
黑龙江嘉荫地区晚白垩世兽脚类恐龙牙齿的发现及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黑龙江嘉荫地区是中国最早发现恐龙化石的产地,在我国晚白垩世恐龙的研究史上具有极其重要的意义。该地区曾发掘出土大量鸭嘴龙类化石,是研究大型鸟脚类恐龙尤其是鸭嘴龙类系统分类和演化的理想地区。但相对应于鸭嘴龙类化石来说,兽脚类恐龙化石在该地区的发现却较为鲜见,主要以牙齿的形式出现。本文主要对最近在该地发现的一批兽脚类恐龙的牙齿化石进行详细描述对比,初步研究显示含有霸王龙类、驰龙类、白鲨齿龙、福井盗龙以及可能为新的兽脚类恐龙的牙齿。 相似文献
3.
在江西赣州地区晚白垩世地层中发现的窃蛋龙类化石——赣州华南龙,属于进步窃蛋龙类,其独特的头部特征为研究窃蛋龙类恐龙的颅面演化、古地理分布及古生态环境提供重要信息;在辽西早白垩世义县组地层中发现的大型、前肢短的驰龙类恐龙——孙氏振元龙,为大型、短前肢类型的驰龙类提供羽毛形态学方面的重要信息,为研究驰龙类的多样性、鸟类羽毛以及飞行起源提供了重要依据;在辽西发现的喙嘴龙类翼龙——朝阳东方颌翼龙,是该地区晚侏罗世地层中发现的第一件翼龙标本,不仅填补了时代上的空白,同时对于印证晚侏罗世喙嘴龙类的辐射演化具有重要作用。这些重要发现对于研究窃蛋龙类的演化、驰龙类羽毛演化及鸟类羽毛起源等热点与难点问题提供了重要的参考依据,尤其在发现华南龙的基础上,命名了赣州恐龙动物群。 相似文献
4.
江西赣州盆地晚白垩世茅店组和河口组发现大量恐龙动物化石,且化石分布集中,大多保存完整,尤其蛋化石成窝性较好,排列较规整,属原地埋藏。文章论述了该盆地内恐龙化石赋存的地层、岩性、化石保存形式及埋藏特征等,认为该盆地内恐龙动物群聚集或恐龙化石集中分布在晚白垩世早期茅店组和晚白垩世晚期河口组;茅店组—河口组,恐龙动物化石保存形式具有"单类型→多类型组合共存"和"不同类型恐龙蛋共生→蛋与骨共生"的规律,甚至出现含胚胎恐龙蛋、恐龙骨骼和龟鳖类化石集群埋藏,为进一步探讨盆地演化和恐龙生存环境提供实际材料。 相似文献
5.
尽管在世界各地发现大量的恐龙蛋及成窝的蛋化石,但是胚胎化石相对稀少。就目前所知,恐龙胚胎与蛋壳化石相连在一起的约有20例,它们中的大多数来自于破的或者被压碎的蛋化石。报道产自中国江西南部赣州晚白垩世南雄组的具有胚胎的一窝不完整的恐龙蛋化石。根据恐龙蛋和蛋壳的宏观及微观特征,这些蛋化石被鉴定为长形蛋未定种。CT扫描结果显示,所有蛋均具有胚胎骨骼聚集,包括可能的股骨和胫骨。研究结果表明,因为完好无损的蛋可能具有胚胎残骸,所以恐龙胚胎的保存可能超过所能辨别出的。 相似文献
6.
河南省恐龙蛋化石研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
该文对河南省恐龙蛋化石的分类和命名、恐龙蛋化石在各个沉积盆地中的分布特征以及恐龙蛋化石的新类型进行了扼要综述。从含蛋层的岩性、蛋化石埋藏的古微地貌、蛋化石 在岩层中的分布和排列方式及保存形式、恐龙蛋与恐龙骨骼化石和其他生物门类化石的共生以及恐龙蛋化石的芡生组合特征等方面论述了恐龙蛋化石的埋藏特征。对恐龙的生活方式、产蛋方式及生态习性、恐龙蛋化石大量富集的机理及恐龙蛋“挂”在石板下的原因等问题进行了 相似文献
7.
伤齿龙类（troodontids）与其他恐龙不同,生蛋时将蛋竖直插入巢穴内松软泥沙里。此窝产自中国浙江天台盆地上白垩统赤城山组地层的恐龙蛋化石,显示该种恐龙每次产2枚蛋,从巢穴中心开始,向外依次螺旋排列,每窝可超过20枚。暗示雌性伤齿龙类与雌性盗蛋龙类一样,有1对均具输卵功能的输卵管,一次又一次地在一个固定巢穴生蛋,并时常照看这些蛋。此外,伤齿龙类恐龙的蛋壳像某些现代鸟类的蛋壳一样坚固,足以承受其插入泥沙时的压力。而其他一些恐龙的蛋壳更像某些现代爬行类的蛋壳,是韧性的,在重力作用下往往呈扁球形。 相似文献
8.
2001年,内蒙古国土资源厅地质古生物研究中心张晓红和中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所的徐星等古生物学家,对发现于内蒙古苏尼特左旗赛罕高毕上白垩统二连组的镰刀龙类化石研究后,认为是已知镰刀龙类恐龙中第一件在同一个体中保存了大多数脊椎和几乎所有肢骨的标本,是一个新的属种。为纪念中国恐龙研究的开拓者杨钟健先生,故命名杨氏内蒙古龙（Neimongosaurus yangi）。 相似文献
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10.
中国恐龙蛋化石及其生态地层浅析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章系统地对中国恐龙蛋化石的地理分布作了总结,并将恐龙蛋化石类型归纳为９科,１３属,２１种。在此基础上,着重分析了恐龙蛋化石古生态特征,分别从蛋化石的排列方式,恐龙产蛋的方式,不同类型蛋化石间及蛋化石与骨骼化石共生几方面作了探讨,并进一步阐述恐龙蛋化石在晚白垩世地层划分对比所具有的直接指示意义 相似文献
11.
河南西峡晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石壳微量元素组成及其对恐龙灭绝的指示意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
恐龙蛋化石是探索恐龙生存和灭绝的重要研究材料,目前对恐龙蛋化石的研究集中在生物学和埋藏特征方面。本文利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)对采自河南西峡晚白垩世的12枚恐龙蛋化石壳及部分围岩进行分析测试,研究其生命微量元素组成及其与恐龙灭绝的关系。结果表明,恐龙蛋壳中缺乏碳氮磷硫等有机质元素,而主要由钙铝镁铁钾等生命必需元素和锶锰钡镧锌硼钒钴铱等微量元素组成,其中锶和铱均具有明显的超高异常,这可能与地外撞击事件引起生态环境的急剧变化有关。元素的组合规律表明西峡盆地晚白垩世应为干旱、半干旱的气候环境,来自于环境中异常含量的锶和铱共同作用使这一时期该地区大量的恐龙蛋在恐龙体内遭受污染,发育孵化机能受到影响,成为导致盆地内恐龙灭亡的主要原因之一。这一发现为探讨恐龙生活环境变化、灭绝原因以及揭示晚白垩纪古气候提供了重要依据。 相似文献
12.
Kohei TANAKA Lü Junchang LIU Yi HUANG Zhiqing Yoshitsugu KOBAYASHI HUANG Dong Darla K. ZELENITSKY 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(2):294-303
The Zhutian and Dafeng formations (Upper Cretaceous) of the Heyuan Basin in northeastern Guangdong Province, China, have produced thousands of dinosaur eggs. Macromorphological features (egg diameter, egg shape, outer surface texture, and shell thickness) of 461 eggs were analyzed using non-destructive techniques and subjected to statistical analyses in order to assess their diversity and taxonomic affinities. Three types (1, 2 and 3) of eggs were discerned based on shape and outer surface morphology. Type 1 eggs are spherical to ellipsoidal in shape and have a rough surface. Three subtypes (Type 1-A-1, 1-A-2, and 1-B) are apparent from scatter plots and cluster analyses of egg diameters and shell thickness. Type 2 eggs are elongate with linear ornamentation on the surface, and are comparable to eggs that belong to the oofamily Elongatoolithidae. Type 3 eggs are elongate with a smooth surface, and are assigned to the oofamily Prismatoolithidae. Macromorphological features of the various egg types suggest that Type 1 could have been laid by ornithischian, sauropod or therizinosaur dinosaurs, Type 2 by oviraptorids, and Type 3 by troodontids. This study represents the first comprehensive statistical analysis of macrofeatures of dinosaur eggs, and reveals taxonomic diversity in the dinosaurs that were laying eggs in the Upper Cretaceous Heyuan area heretofore unrecognized in skeletal remains. 相似文献
13.
Two closely associated egg types occur at the same locality in the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) St. Mary River Formation in north central Montana. These specimens represent the first fossil eggs described from this formation. At least fifteen small ovoid eggs or egg portions are scattered through a 25 cm interval of rock. Five significantly larger, round eggs overlie these smaller eggs and are in close proximity to one another on a single bedding plane. The best preserved egg of the smaller size measures 36 mm × 62 mm and exhibits the prismatic, two-layered eggshell structure of a theropod egg. The dispersed distribution and inconsistent angles of these small eggs likely resulted from disturbance by subsequent nesting activity and/or possibly nest predation. At least twelve additional small prismatic eggs also occur at this site. We assign the small eggs as a new oogenus and oospecies, Tetonoolithus nelsoni, within the Prismatoolithidae. The large round eggs measure 130 mm in diameter and the eggshell displays substantial diagenetic alteration. These eggs likely belonged to a hadrosaur due to their similarity in egg size, shape, and eggshell thickness to Maiasaura eggs from the stratigraphically lower Two Medicine Formation. Eggs at different stratigraphic levels at this site indicate that conditions favorable to both dinosaur species persisted for an extended period of time. However, determining whether these dinosaurs occupied the nesting site at the same or different years remains beyond the resolution of the rock record. 相似文献
14.
浙江白垩纪恐龙与恐龙蛋化石的时空分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
浙江省恐龙化石地质遗迹调查表明,全省有9个白垩纪陆相红层盆地产恐龙和恐龙蛋化石,至今已发现有4科5属5种恐龙骨骼和7科11属24种恐龙蛋化石。浙江省恐龙和恐龙蛋化石主要分布在天台盆地和金衢盆地的东阳、衢州、龙游、金华、浦江、兰溪一带,主要产于天台群的赖家组,衢江群的金华组、衢县组。永康、南马、新昌、嵊州、仙居、诸暨、湖山等地永康群朝川组、方岩组中也有较丰富的恐龙化石。依据恐龙和恐龙蛋化石在盆地内地层中的分布、地层的同位素年龄和相伴生的其他生物群特征等分析表明,恐龙和恐龙蛋化石的赋存地质时代以晚白垩世为主。此外,恐龙和恐龙蛋化石在浙江的广泛分布表明该地区地质历史时期气候温暖,植被茂盛,水资源丰富,是恐龙及其他生物生存繁衍的理想场所。 相似文献
15.
《China Geology》2018,1(1):28-35
An alvarezsaurid dinosaur skeleton was discovered from the Late Cretaceous Qiupa Formation of Luanchuan, Henan Province of central China. It represents a new alvarezsaurid dinosaur Qiupanykus zhangi gen. et sp. nov. A phylogenetic analysis recovers Qiupanykus nested within the unresolved clade, which includes Asian and north American taxa. The skeleton of the new specimen is preserved in association with eggshells. The eggshell morphologies show that these eggs belong to oviraptorid eggs, skeletal remains of which were discovered from the same area. The alvarezsaurid skeleton associated with eggshell fragments may indicate that these eggs were broken by the strong thumb-claws of the former and that alvarezsaurid dinosaurs may be egg-eaters. 相似文献
16.
《Cretaceous Research》2008,29(1):27-39
In fossil vertebrate eggs, the most commonly reported abnormality consists of an unusually thick shell with one or more superimposed eggshell layers. Although rare, taxonomically referable abnormal specimens provide a more reliable basis for inferences regarding reproductive biology of extinct taxa. Eggshell abnormalities recognized in a Cretaceous turtle and three dinosaurs (hadrosaur, sauropod, theropod) are assigned to these taxa base on: 1) normal eggs containing embryos within the same clutch, 2) identical eggshell microstructure as eggs containing embryonic remains from the same stratum; and 3) inclusion of normal eggs of the same oospecies in a cladistic analysis of egg characters. Distinguishing multiple eggshell layers of biological origin from those produced by taphonomic processes is a critical component in the study of fossil specimens. Features useful for distinguishing a pathological condition in fossil eggs include: 1) multiple eggshell layers separated by permineralized membrane, 2) close conformation of the base of the outer eggshell to the unweathered surface of the underlying egg, and 3) structural relationships of eggshell features (e.g. pore truncation, intercalated membrane and shell fragments, optical continuity of superimposed fragments). Documentation of microstructural features of abnormal eggshell provides important information on the timing and magnitude of stress and facilitates recognition of phylogenetically significant patterns of egg abnormality in the fossil record. 相似文献
17.
XU Xing CHENG Yennien WANG Xiaolin CHANG Chunhsiang Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Chin E-mail: xu.xing@ivpp.ac.cn Division of Geology National Museum of Natural Science Taichung China Wang Si''en Xie Guanglian 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(3):294-298
Pygostyle was previously considered as a unique structure of ornithothoracine birds, used to maneuver tail feathers. A similar structure from an oviraptorosaurian dinosaur was considered functionally associated with the rectrices as in birds. We report a pygostyle-like structure from a therizinosauroid dinosaur. The presence of filamentous integuments, but absence of rectrices, on the tail of this therizinosauroid, combined with other lines of evidence, suggests that the initial function of the pygostyle was not related to the rectrices. 相似文献
18.
1993年至2008年是中国蛋化石研究不断扩展与深入的时期。这期间的研究更注重于解决盆地地层与蛋化石演化序列间的联系; 开展了翼龙化石胚胎学研究; 通过分子古生物学分析, 尝试了获取古代DNA的方法; 河南西峡恐龙蛋化石博物馆的建立, 成为展示这一阶段进展的突出标志。特别是近几年来, 通过大量资料积累, 发现并揭示出恐龙蛋的变异类型与鸟蛋间的联系, 由此填补了从恐龙到鸟的演化过程中蛋壳形态结构变化的空白。文中还介绍了我国白垩纪几个沉积盆地的生物地层和一些具有特色的蛋化石种类; 提出了新的蛋化石分类意见, 以及与蛋化石有关的生存行为方面的思考。 相似文献
19.