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1.
北祁连山中段北大坂岩体成因及构造环境讨论 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用岩石学的研究方法对出露于北祁连造山带中段北大坂一带的北大坂岩体进行岩石及元素分析结果表明:其岩性为斑状粗粒二长花岗岩、粗中粒二长花岗岩及中细粒二长花岗岩,含少量黑云母、角闪石及榍石,属钾质钙碱性花岗岩类;主量元素w(SiO2)=63.66%～74.38%,w(K2O)/w(Na2O)=2.61～3.31,总体为高钾钙碱性弱过铝质花岗岩,岩石富集LILE元素(Rb,Th,K等),亏损HFSE元素(Y,Yb,Ta,Nb等),稀土元素分配模式为轻稀土富集型,具中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.59～0.82)。微量、稀土元素分配模式与北祁连西段的金佛寺岩体(碰撞型花岗岩)基本一致。单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为414Ma±4Ma,综合分析认为北大坂岩体形成于同碰撞末-后碰撞初期的构造转换期,岩浆源区为下地壳。 相似文献
2.
《西北地质》2019,(4)
笔者对南祁连西北缘红庙沟地区发育的黑云二长花岗岩体进行了精细的年代学和地球化学研究。LA-ICP-MS测定结果表明,黑云二长花岗岩加权平均年龄为(479.7±3.4)Ma(MSWD=0.047),岩体侵位时代为早奥陶世。在地球化学组成上,黑云二长花岗岩表现为过铝质(A/CNK=0.96～1.04)的Ⅰ型花岗岩特征,稀土元素总量相对较低(∑REE=67.55×10-6～83.07×10-6),轻稀土相对富集,具Eu负异常;富集Rb、Ba和K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Sr和高场强元素(Nb、Ti、P),显示弧岩浆特征。综合研究表明,本区早奥陶世黑云二长花岗岩是南祁连洋向祁连陆块俯冲过程中引起岛弧岩浆活动而形成的产物,记录了该时期重要的板块构造运动事件,为认识南祁连造山带的构造演化提供了有益资料和重要依据。 相似文献
3.
新疆阿尔泰山南缘沙尔布拉克一带早二叠世花岗岩的年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对出露于阿尔泰山南缘沙尔布拉克一带的布可萨拉岩体和索尔库都克岩体中的似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年,206Pb/238U年龄分别为277.0Ma±2.4Ma和280.9Ma±4.3Ma,表明形成于早二叠世。岩石地球化学特征表明,该期花岗岩具有富碱、高钾的特征,属高钾钙碱性系列,为具有I—A、I—S过渡特点的I型花岗岩,稀土元素含量较高(∑REE为184.68×10-6～221.49×10-6),轻稀土元素富集(LREE/HREE为4.52～8.45),Eu负异常明显(δEu为0.47～0.68),富集大离子亲石元素,具Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti等元素负异常。结合区域资料分析,该期岩体形成于碰撞造山后的拉张构造环境,属于后造山花岗岩。阿尔泰南缘早二叠世花岗岩是在后造山拉张背景下,地幔物质减压熔融形成岩浆上涌,底侵于新生地壳之下,使地壳熔融形成岩浆沿深断裂带上侵形成的。 相似文献
4.
黑龙江地营子位于大兴安岭地区兴蒙造山带东段额尔古纳地块东南缘,本次研究通过对区内规模巨大的二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征研究,探讨了该岩石的形成时代、成因类型及其形成的构造环境。二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb测年显示年龄为180.6±1.1 Ma(MSWD=0.19),表明其成岩时代为早侏罗世。岩石主量元素具有富w(SiO_2)65.89%～72.31%,w(K_2O)2.88%～4.42%,w(Na_2O)4.2%～5.24%,w(Al_2O_3)14.30%～18.02%,贫w(MgO)0.39%～0.96%,w(P_2O_5)0.08%～0.16%的特征,铝饱和指数A/CNK=1.02～1.06,里特曼指数σ大部分在2.06～2.67之间,属于过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩系列。岩石稀土元素总量(ΣREE)101.43～151.16×10~(-6),LREE/HREE介于10.92～25.37,表现为轻稀土元素相对富集、重稀土元素相对亏损。δEu介于0.58～1.00,具不明显负异常,地球化学特征与增厚的玄武质下地壳熔融成因的"C"型埃达克岩相似。岩石富集Rb,Ba,K,Sr等大离子亲石元素,高场强元素Nb,Ta,P相对亏损,具有岛弧花岗岩特征。综合分析,认为黑龙江地营子二长花岗岩应形成于中生代蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲作用下的活动大陆边缘环境。 相似文献
5.
北祁连构造带冷龙岭地区火山岩地球化学特征及年代学 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
门源冷龙岭地区位于北祁连造山带的东段,该区火山岩以中基性为主,有少量酸性火山岩;对安山岩进行单颗粒锆石微区U-P bLA-ICP-MS同位素测定,获得(460.17±0.92)Ma加权平均年龄,代表岩石的形成年龄。主量元素中w(SiO2)=48.94%~60.97%,w(K2O)/w(Na2O)1,w(TFeO)-w(K2O+Na2O)-w(MgO)图解显示样品全部属于拉斑玄武岩系列,低钛、高铝铁等显示具岛弧火山岩的特点。岩石富集LILE元素(Rb、Ba、Th、K等),亏损HFSE元素(Ta、Nb、Ti等);稀土元素总量较低[w(∑REE)为9.88×10-6~42.21×10-6),轻重稀土元素分馏不明显[w(∑LREE)/w(∑HREE)为0.81~5.70],稀土元素分配模式为轻稀土平坦型,具弱Eu负异常[δ(Eu)=0.59~1.10]。w(Zr)/w(Y)-w(Zr)、w(Ti)-w(Zr)、w(Y)/15-w(La)/10-w(Nb)/8和w(Hf)/3-w(Th)-w(Ta)等火山岩构造环境判别图解均显示该套火山岩形成于岛弧环境,形成时代为中奥陶世。 相似文献
6.
《地质科技情报》2020,(4)
鄂拉山岩浆带位于东昆仑造山带最东端,为研究该地区晚三叠世的构造背景,选取索拉沟地区钾长花岗岩开展研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,索拉沟钾长花岗岩加权平均年龄为(233±1)Ma,形成于晚三叠世早期。该岩石有很高的w(SiO_2)(75.91%～77.23%)、富K_2O和Na_2O,贫CaO、MgO、TiO_2和P_2O_5,A/CNK介于1.01～1.05,属高钾钙碱性系列,锆石饱和温度733～768℃,具有强烈的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu~*=0.09～0.25),明显富集大离子亲石元素(LILE Rb、Th、U、K等)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损Ba、Sr及Nb、P、Zr、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),显示高分异I型花岗岩的特征。锆石Hf同位素初始值(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)范围为0.282 487～0.282 611,ε_(Hf)(t)介于-3.54～-0.56;对应的两阶段模式年龄T_(2DM)(Hf)为1.16～1.33 Ga。索拉沟钾长花岗岩是新生下地壳部分熔融后经过分离结晶作用形成,新生下地壳是幔源岩浆在特提斯洋俯冲阶段(242～238 Ma)底侵古老地壳形成。结合晚古生代至中生代东昆仑地区的构造演化特征,认为索拉沟钾长花岗岩形成于张性构造背景,与古特提斯洋俯冲结束后巴颜喀拉地体与东昆仑地体后碰撞造山伸展作用有关。 相似文献
7.
为确定东昆仑祁漫塔格乌兰乌珠尔地区片麻状黑云母花岗岩和二长花岗岩的形成时代、岩石成因、源区性质和构造背景,对该岩石样品进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学和锆石Hf同位素研究.结果显示:片麻状黑云母花岗岩加权平均年龄为457.5±2.3 Ma,铝饱和指数A/CNK介于0.98~1.02,属准铝质岩石,Na2O/K2O比值为0.440~0.625,属于高钾钙碱性系列.二长花岗岩加权平均年龄为422.5±1.6 Ma,铝饱和指数A/CNK介于1.03~1.05,属弱过铝质岩石.二者均具有高硅(SiO2介于68.93%~74.72%)、高碱(全碱ALK介于6.83%~9.40%)、低磷(P2O5小于0.12%)等特征.富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,δEu值为0.29~0.70,显示Eu中度负异常.富集Rb、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,属于I型花岗岩.二长花岗岩样品的εHf(t)值为-2.2~+1.4,二阶段模式年龄为1 320~1 546 Ma.结合岩石成岩年龄、地球化学特征及区域构造演化认为片麻状黑云母花岗岩(457.5±2.3 Ma)为下地壳部分熔融产物,形成于原特提斯洋向北俯冲导致的局部拉张环境.二长花岗岩(422.5±1.6 Ma)岩浆来源于中元古代新增生的下部地壳熔融产物,形成于碰撞拼贴后的伸展构造环境. 相似文献
8.
那更银矿床位于东昆仑造山带东段,矿区出露大量斜长花岗岩,这些岩石的成因和构造背景能为揭示该地区构造演化过程提供新的证据。对出露于矿区中部的斜长花岗岩开展了岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学等研究。结果表明,那更斜长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(425.1±4.6) Ma,形成于中志留世。岩石地球化学特征显示,那更斜长花岗岩的w(SiO2)为71.16%～71.32%,w(K2O)/w(Na2O)值为0.29～0.35,且铝饱和指数A/CNK(1.09～1.30)显示出过铝质的特征,里特曼指数(δ)介于1.33和1.48之间,说明那更斜长花岗岩属于钙碱性过铝质I型花岗岩。稀土总量ΣREE为54.12×10-6～55.90×10-6,且具有轻稀土元素强烈富集,重稀土元素亏损的特点;微量元素蛛网图显示,那更斜长花岗岩具有高场强元素相对亏损,大离子亲石元素和不相容元素(如U)相对富集的特征。那更斜长花岗岩的的岩石地球化学特征结合已有的关于东昆仑构造演化的研究资料指示它们... 相似文献
9.
对北祁连山东段宁夏西吉盆地花岗岩地球化学特征和U-Pb年龄进行研究,并与区域上中酸性岩体进行对比。西吉盆地花岗岩属高钾钙碱性系列,具有富钠、过铝质的特征,LREE/HREE=10.89~11.93,轻稀土元素相对富集,分馏明显,重稀土元素分馏不明显,具有陆缘弧岩石的特点。岩石负Eu异常不明显,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显(La_N/Yb_N=10.90~15.41)。在微量元素组成上,花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、Pb、La,亏损Sr、Ta、Nb、Ce、Ti元素,Pr、Nd、Sm、Dy弱富集,曲线形态具有造山花岗岩的特征,并具有负Nb异常,属正常大陆弧花岗岩。西吉盆地花岗岩成因类型为Ⅰ型,形成于陆缘弧环境,为板块碰撞造山作用的产物,岩浆来源于下地壳的部分熔融。通过锆石U-Pb定年获得花岗岩结晶年龄为434.3±9.0Ma,为早志留世,属加里东期岩浆侵入活动的产物。西吉盆地花岗岩与北祁连造山带东段南华山—屈吴山一线的花岗闪长岩体及甘肃老虎山闪长岩体同属北祁连岩浆弧带,是同期岩浆活动的产物,与板块俯冲消减作用有关,间接证明了西吉盆地属于北祁连造山带。 相似文献
10.
青海南山地区加里东期强过铝质花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
青海南山地区位于南祁连构造带和西秦岭造山带的交接部位,在该地区元古宇变质地层中新厘定出一套含石榴子石白云母二长花岗岩,并对其进行了详细的岩石学、岩石地球化学和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年研究。结果表明,浪日娘含石榴子石白云母二长花岗岩结晶年龄为438.7±4.2Ma,形成于早志留世早期。岩石含石榴子石、白云母、电气石等高铝矿物,同时具高SiO_2、富Al_2O_3特征,高铝饱和指数A/CNK=1.09～1.28,属高钾钙碱性强过铝质S型花岗岩;微量元素富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、U、K和Pb,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti、Zr、P和Ba、Sr;稀土元素总量低,配分曲线为轻稀土元素富集的右倾模式,具有弱-中等负Eu异常。高Rb/Sr值(1.83～3.95)、低CaO/Na_2O值(0.11～0.19),伴随有Pb正异常和Ba负异常,暗示源区物质成分为泥质岩并经历了缺水熔融条件下的白云母脱水熔融。结合岩体年龄及区域地质资料,推断其可能形成于原特提斯洋闭合碰撞造山过程。 相似文献
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13.
Humboldt, Arago, and the temperature of groundwater 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stanley N. Davis 《Hydrogeology Journal》1999,7(5):501-503
14.
Text, talk, things, and the subpolitics of performing place 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article tells the story of how a group of Dutch and Belgian citizens organized themselves to promote an area that they valued, to put it on the map, to raise awareness about its qualities, and to protect it from urban and industrial development. Our theoretical perspective focuses on the performative and political aspects of this place-making process and the discursive and material practices involved. We connect this to Beck’s concept of subpolitics.Our findings show how the group performed this place not only through text and talk - giving the area a name, using their knowledge and expertise to raise awareness about its values, lobbying and cooperating with decision-makers -, but also through things - installing art objects and information signs that articulate certain characteristics and values of the area. Our findings demonstrate the struggles involved in these performances. The group involved multiple perspectives on what the important values and characteristics of the area are and on what strategies would work best in trying to influence decision-making and protect the area. However, the use of expertise as the main strategy to gain influence excluded the more critical and activist strategies and privileging archaeological and historical values and characteristics came at the expense of attention on agricultural and natural values.Our findings make clear that performing place cannot be taken to be homogeneous and that it inevitably involves multiple perspectives and demands. The struggles, power relations and dynamics of inclusion and exclusion that this multiplicity implicates reveal a form of sub-politics that involves both politicization and depoliticization. Also, it is a form of subpolitics that is more diverse and ambiguous than Beck’s conceptualization presupposes by its emphasis on the role of outsiders as a homogeneous group. 相似文献
15.
Yuriy Sokolov 《GeoJournal》1992,26(4):497-502
The discovery of a new continent that was later called America by Christopher Columbus some five hundred years ago, has in
one way or another, influenced people the World over. The extraordinary significance of this event for mankind is displayed
by the dimension of the consequences and the variety of reactions among nations and communities of the “Old World”. 相似文献
16.
Most sulfide-rich magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits form in dynamic magmatic systems by partial melting S-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren to weakly-mineralized immiscible Fe sulfide xenomelts into which Ni-Cu-Co-PGE partition from the magma. Some exceptionally-thick magmatic Cr deposits may form by partial melting oxide-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of the miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren Fe ± Ti oxide xenocrysts into which Cr-Mg-V ± Ti partition from the magma. The products of these processes are variably preserved as skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles, which play important to critical roles in ore genesis, transport, localization, and/or modification. Incorporation of barren xenoliths/autoliths may induce small amounts of sulfide/chromite to segregate, but incorporation of sulfide xenomelts or oxide xenocrysts with dynamic upgrading of metal tenors (PGE > Cu > Ni > Co and Cr > V > Ti, respectively) is required to make significant ore deposits. Silicate xenomelts are only rarely preserved, but will be variably depleted in chalcophile and ferrous metals. Less dense felsic xenoliths may aid upward sulfide transport by increasing the effective viscosity and decreasing the bulk density of the magma. Denser mafic or metamorphosed xenoliths may also increase the effective viscosity of the magma, but may aid downward sulfide transport by increasing the bulk density of the magma. Sulfide wets olivine, so olivine xenocrysts may act as filter beds to collect advected finely dispersed sulfide droplets, but other silicates and xenoliths may not be wetted by sulfides. Xenovolatiles may retard settling of – or in some cases float – dense sulfide droplets. Reactions of sulfide melts with felsic country rocks may generate Fe-rich skarns that may allow sulfide melts to fractionate to more extreme Cu-Ni-rich compositions. Xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles are more likely to be preserved in cooler basaltic magmas than in hotter komatiitic magmas, and are more likely to be preserved in less dynamic (less turbulent) systems/domain/phases than in more dynamic (more turbulent) systems/domains/phases. Massive to semi-massive Ni-Cu-PGE and Cr mineralization and xenoliths are often localized within footwall embayments, dilations/jogs in dikes, throats of magma conduits, and the horizontal segments of dike-chonolith and dike-sill complexes, which represent fluid dynamic traps for both ascending and descending sulfides/oxides. If skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and/or xenovolatiles are present, they provide important constraints on ore genesis and they are valuable exploration indicators, but they must be included in elemental and isotopic mass balance calculations. 相似文献
17.
山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
18.
Based on the historical records of natural disasters and human wars of the final 35 years in the late Ming Dynasty (1610–1644 AD) obtained using different spatial scales, a set of grading systems were established to classify, grade and present these records and their spatiotemporal characteristics. From natural and human perspectives to quantitative analyses of the direct causes of the collapse of the Ming Dynasty, the author draws conclusion regarding a total of six immediate factors, which were, according to the rate of contribution from high to low, internal rebellions, drought, inter-ethnic conflicts, locust, flood and external wars. Among these causes, human factors accounted for approximately 47%, while natural factors accounted for approximately 53%. Attribution analysis indicated that the basin areas in east China were sensitive to climate change during the Ming Dynasty. Severe drought and locusts in a cooling environment were the main natural causes, while frequent internal rebellions and inter-ethnic conflicts influenced by financial crisis were the major human factors. Although natural factors accounted for a greater percentage than human factors in the rate of contribution to the collapse of the Ming Dynasty, they were the only external factors impacting social development and changes. 相似文献
19.
The dielectric constants and dielectric loss values of 4 Ca-containing minerals were determined at 1 MHz using a two-terminal method and empirically determined edge corrections. The results are: vesuvianitel κ′ a=9.93 tan δ=0.006 κ′ c=9.79 tan δ=0.005 vesuvianitel κ′ a=10.02 tan δ=0.002 κ′ c=9.85 tan δ=0.003 zoisite1 κ′ a =10.49 tan δ=0.0006 κ′ b =15.31 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c=9.51 tan δ=0.0008 zoisite2 κ′ a =10.55 tan δ=0.0011 κ′ b =15.45 tan δ=0.0013 κ′ c=9.39 tan δ=0.0008 epidote κ′ 11= 9.52 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ 22=17.1 tan δ=0.0009 κ′ 33= 9.37 tan δ=0.0006 fluorapatite1 κ′ a =10.48 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c = 8.72 tan δ=0.0114 fluorapatite2 κ′ a =10.40 tan δ=0.0010 κ′ c=8.26 tan δ=0.0178 The deviation (δ) between measured dielectric polarizabilities as determined from the Clausius-Mosotti equation and those calculated from the sum of oxide polarizabilities according to α D (mineral)=∑ α D (oxides) for vesuvianite is ～ 0.5%. The large deviations of epidote and zoisite from the additivity rule with Δ=+ 10.1 and + 11.7%, respectively, are attributed to “rattling” Ca ions. The combined effects of both a large F thermal parameter and possible F-ion conductivity in fluorapatite are believed to be responsible for Δ=+2–3%. Although variation of oxygen polarizability with oxygen molar volume (Vo) is believed to affect the total polarizabilities, the variation of Vo in these Ca minerals is too small to observe the effect. 相似文献
20.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献