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1.
新疆新源县城南石炭纪火山岩岩石学和元素地球化学研究   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  
新疆新源县南部那拉提山北坡出露的石炭纪火山岩主要由玄武岩、玄武质粗面安山岩、粗面安山岩、安山岩、流纹岩和火山碎屑岩组成。该火山岩中玄武岩属于钙碱性系列，安山质岩石和流纹岩属于高钾钙碱性系列，其中轻稀土轻微富集而重稀土相对亏损，玄武岩富集大离子亲石元素、U、Th和Pb，亏损高场强元素。研究表明，该火山岩岩浆可能是由俯冲板片脱水产生的流体交代地幔楔后，地幔楔发生部分熔融的结果。微量元素模拟计算表明，该玄武岩岩浆可以由石榴石二辉橄榄岩经3％～6％的部分熔融得到；安山质岩浆可由玄武岩岩浆经15％-28％的分离结晶形成。  相似文献   

2.
Calc-alkaline dacites are found in the Tertiary Kroksfjordurcentral volcano besides the more typical tholeiitic dacitesand rhyolites characteristic of Icelandic rift zones. It isclear that these calc-alkaline dacites are not subduction related,but their chemistry and petrography are definitely calc-alkaline.They are much lower in Fe and higher in Ca and Al than otherrocks from Iceland with comparable silica percentages. Theyare significantly depleted in the high field strength elements(HFSE, e.g., Nb, Zr, Y, and heavy rare earth elements), andsome of them contain hydrous phases or their relics. The anhydrousphase assemblage and relatively high Fe content of the tholeiiticsilicic rocks indicate generation at shallow depths (PH2o <1kb). The high Ca and Al contents and the depletion of HFSE inthe calc-alkaline dacites indicate generation by partial meltingof amphibolite facies rocks at 5–6 km depth. The generationof the tholeiitic silicic rocks requires a shallow magma chamber,where they could be formed by fractionation of basaltic magma,or by partial melting of country rock heated by basaltic magma.The calc-alkaline dacites require a different volcanotectonicenvironment for their generation. The geothermal gradient requiredis comparable with that of regional geothermal gradients closeto the active rift zones. They were probably formed when thecentral volcano was drifting away from the rift axis and itsactivity was waning. Intrusion of basaltic magma, probably relatedto another volcanic center, mobilized the dacite magma.  相似文献   

3.
The submarine volcanoes, located in the southern part of Andaman Sea, north eastern Indian Ocean, result from the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Southeast Asian Plate and represent one of the less studied submarine volcanism among the global arc systems. The present study provides new petrological and geochemical data for the recovered rocks from the submarine volcanoes and documents the petrogenetic evolution of Andaman arc system. Geochemical attributes classify the studied samples as basaltic andesite, andesite, dacite to rhyodacite reflecting sub-alkaline, intermediate to acidic composition of the magma. Petrographic studies of the basaltic andesites and andesites show plagioclase [An38-An57 in basaltic andesites; An27-An28 in andesites] and clinopyroxene as dominant phenocrystal phase in a cryptocrystalline groundmass. Plagioclase (An25-An45) marks the principal phenocrystal phase in dacite with sub-ordinate proportion of biotite and amphibole of both primary and secondary origin along with minor amount of K-feldspar. The submarine volcanic rocks from Andaman arc system exhibit pronounced LILE, LREE enrichments and HFSE (negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies), MREE and HREE depletion thereby endorsing the influence of subduction zone processes in their genesis. Elevated abundances of Th with relatively higher LREE/HFSE than LILE/HFSE, LILE/LREE suggest significant contribution of sediments from the subducting slab over slab-dehydrated aqueous fluids towards mantle wedge metasomatism thereby modifying the sub-arc mantle. Partial melting curves calculated using the non-modal batch melting equation suggest primary magma generated due to ~31–35 % degree of partial melting of spinel lherzolite mantle beneath the arc system. Fractional crystallization model suggests fractionation of 45 % plagioclase, 40 % clinopyroxene, 5–10 % amphibole and 5–10 % biotite which is consistent with the petrographic observations. Further, the assimilation-fractional-crystallization (AFC) model for the studied rocks indicates nominal crustal contamination. Therefore, this study infers that the melt evolution history for the Andaman arc volcanic rocks can be translated in terms of (i) generation of precursor magma by ~31–35 % partial melting of a spinel lherzolite mantle wedge, metasomatized predominantly by subducted slab sediments and (ii) the parent magma generation was ensued by fractionation dominated melt differentiation with nominal input from arc crust.  相似文献   

4.
Volcanic rocks from Serra Branca, Iberian Pyrite Belt, Portugal, consist of calc-alkaline felsic and intermediate rocks. The latter are massive andesites, whereas the former include four dacitic to rhyolitic lithologies, distinguishable on spiderdiagrams and binary plots of immobile elements. Zircon thermometry indicates that two felsic suites may have formed from different magmas produced at distinct temperatures, with only limited fractionation within each suite. Alternatively, all the felsic rocks can be related through fractionation of a single magma if the lower zircon saturation temperature obtained for one suite merely results from Zr dilution, mostly reflecting silicification.

The relatively high magma temperatures at Serra Branca ease the classification of felsic rocks based on their HFSE contents and also indicate volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit favorability. This contrasts with other areas of the Belt that register lower magma temperatures and are subsequently barren. However, magma temperatures may have not been high enough to cause complete melting of refractory phases in which HFSE reside during crustal fusion of an amphibolite protolith, implying difficult discrimination of tectonic environments for the felsic rocks. The intermediate rocks were possibly formed by mixing between basaltic magmas and crustal material, compatible with volcanism in an attenuated continental lithosphere setting.  相似文献   


5.
《Gondwana Research》2007,11(3-4):328-339
Volcanic rocks from Serra Branca, Iberian Pyrite Belt, Portugal, consist of calc-alkaline felsic and intermediate rocks. The latter are massive andesites, whereas the former include four dacitic to rhyolitic lithologies, distinguishable on spiderdiagrams and binary plots of immobile elements. Zircon thermometry indicates that two felsic suites may have formed from different magmas produced at distinct temperatures, with only limited fractionation within each suite. Alternatively, all the felsic rocks can be related through fractionation of a single magma if the lower zircon saturation temperature obtained for one suite merely results from Zr dilution, mostly reflecting silicification.The relatively high magma temperatures at Serra Branca ease the classification of felsic rocks based on their HFSE contents and also indicate volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit favorability. This contrasts with other areas of the Belt that register lower magma temperatures and are subsequently barren. However, magma temperatures may have not been high enough to cause complete melting of refractory phases in which HFSE reside during crustal fusion of an amphibolite protolith, implying difficult discrimination of tectonic environments for the felsic rocks. The intermediate rocks were possibly formed by mixing between basaltic magmas and crustal material, compatible with volcanism in an attenuated continental lithosphere setting.  相似文献   

6.
The Mangalur greenstone belt of Dharwar Craton, South India, is an Archaean schist belt dominated by metavolcanic rocks. The gold mineralization occurs within the metavolcanics and the fabric, mineralogy and geochemistry of these host rocks indicate that they were tholeiitic basalts regionally metamorphosed under medium to low-grade greenschist facies. The basic metavolcanic rocks occur as tholeiitic metabasalts and amphibolites. The rocks have undergone some fractionation and appear to be derived from melts generated by 10 to 25% melting of the mantle at depths 30 to 35 km around temperature 1200°C and pressure 12 kb. The source of gold is mainly in the basalts and not in the surrounding granites.  相似文献   

7.
This study presents new geochemical data on rocks from the Vespor suite, an important mafic unit from the Juruena arc, Roosevelt-Juruena terrain, SW Amazonian craton, northwest Mato Grosso, Brazil, attempting to define their tectonic setting and type of mantle source. The Juruena arc may be part of a magmatic belt (Jamari and Juruena arcs) at the southwestern Amazonian craton during assembly of the Columbia supercontinent. The investigated rocks represent a Paleoproterozoic subduction-related mafic suite of sigmoidal bodies, composed mainly of gabbro, norite, gabbronorite and diorite, that underwent amphibolite facies metamorphism. Here we present also preliminary petrology aspects and zircon U–Pb geochronology. Geochemical character and variation trends of major and trace elements as well as selected trace element ratios suggest that Vespor suite rocks have a tholeiitic lineage of arc affinity controlled by fractional crystallization with a prominent iron enrichment trend. Gabbros, norites and gabbronorites are characterized by enrichment of LILE and weakly to moderately differentiated HFSE patterns, suggesting their deviation from an enriched heterogeneous lithospheric mantle source. Vespor suite rocks are characterized by depletion of Nb–Ta, P and Ti, with flat distribution of HFSE, markedly large variations in most of the LILE, positive anomalies displayed by Ba, K, Th, Sr, Pb and weak negative anomalies of Hf–Zr. These features reflect limited degrees of crustal contamination associated with a subduction-related magma process where the mantle wedge was chemically modified. In addition, the enrichment in LILE and Pb, low values of the ratios (Lan/Smn – 0.83 to 4.58) and (Nbn/Lan – 0.04 to 0.45), but high Th/Yb ratios, gently to moderately sloping REE profiles (La/Ybn = 2.53–7.37), negative anomalies in HFSE (Ta, Zr, Hf, and Ti), and positive anomalies in LILE (Th, Ba, Sr), suggest derivation from a metasomatized lithospheric mantle source above a subduction zone with weak crustal contamination. Both the composition of the mantle source and the degree of partial melting that produced the parental magmas of these rocks, determined by using REE abundance and ratios, indicate that gabbroic/dioritic melts were generated at different degrees of melting of the source: about 5–20% partial melting of a garnet-spinel lherzolite, around 1–10% partial melting of spinel lherzolite source, and approximately 1–5% partial melting of intermediate source composition, and crystallizing between 1.773 and 1.764 Ma.  相似文献   

8.
托莫尔日特-赛坝沟蛇绿混杂岩带位于柴北缘结合带东段,对该蛇绿混杂岩带中的变火山岩进行了系统的年代学及岩石地球化学研究。结果表明,变基性火山岩SiO2含量为47.78%～50.01%,MgO含量为4.52%～9.36%,~TFeO含量为8.00%～14.94%,K2O含量为0.04%～0.80%,Na2O含量为1.02%～4.20%,具典型的拉斑玄武质岩浆特征。微量元素上表现出轻稀土元素弱亏损,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素特征,表明该基性岩很可能形成于弧后盆地环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,变基性火山岩年龄为480.1±1.8 Ma。综合区域地质资料,认为原特提斯洋在早奥陶世已经开始了俯冲消减作用。  相似文献   

9.
ABSTRACT

The Tafresh plutons that include Ahmadabab diorite, Vasfonjerd monzonite, Mehrezamin diorite and Chahak diorite, located to the east of Tafresh city, north-central Iran, are part of Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc. U-Pb dating of zircon grains provides emplacement ages of 22.3 ± 1 Ma for the Ahmadabad diorite, and tightly clustered ages of 22.2 ± 0.2 Ma, 21.3 ± 0.2 Ma, and 21.7 ± 0.4 Ma for Vasfonjerd monzodiorite, Mehrezamin diorite-monzonite, and Chahak diorite-monzonite plutons, respectively. These rocks are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, calc-alkaline, and characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements, Nb-Ta negative anomalies, and high LILE/HFSE ratios. Tafresh plutonic rocks originated from a parental magma source and experienced different degrees of partial melting. Geochemical signatures of Tafresh plutonic rocks, such as a wide range of Y/Nb (2.7–8.4) and low Zr/Nb (19.5–35.) ratios, Nb/Ta (11.46–18.15), argue for mantle–crust interaction during generation of Tafresh magmas. Relatively low Nb/La ratios further indicate that the lithospheric mantle played a significant role in melt generation. HREE signatures (i.e. decrease Dy/Yb with increasing SiO2) preclude substantial involvement of garnet either in the residue, both during partial melting and fractionation of the magma. The plutons are a product of final stages of subduction-related magmatism prior to the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian tectonic plates.  相似文献   

10.
内蒙古天和永新生代玄武岩成因及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文
天和永玄武岩为碧玄岩,至少可以划分出3种矿物共生组合类型。天和永玄武岩总体具有贫硅(w(SiO2)=43.97%～45.68%)、富碱(w(K2O+Na2O)=5.91%～7.65%)、富钾(w(K2O)=2.04%～2.89%)、高钛(w(TiO2)=2.18%～2.37%)、高Mg值(Mg#=68～76)的特征;稀土元素含量高(∑REE=(246.62～329.82)×10-6),稀土配分曲线呈右倾平滑直线,强烈富集轻稀土,轻重稀土强烈分馏((La/Yb)N>30),无明显的Eu(δEu=0.90～1.02)和Ce异常(δCe=0.96～1.00);强烈富集不相容元素,其中高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta和Th出现峰值,具有近似OIB配分型式的特征;玄武岩富含相容元素Co((39.1～48.9)×10-6)、Ni((130～257)×10-6)、Cr((138～320)×10-6)。上述所有特征以及岩石结晶程度低、富含橄榄岩包体和少量捕虏晶、元素变异关系等均表明,天和永玄武岩是原生玄武岩质岩浆固结的产物。微量元素比值Ba/Rb(12～35)和碱金属的变化暗示源区可能遭受过流体的交代作用,源岩可能是富集的二辉橄榄岩。岩石成因模拟表明,形成天和永玄武岩的原生岩浆是在变压、部分熔融的条件下富集地幔源区岩石非实比熔融的产物,变压熔融柱穿切了Sp/Gt二辉橄榄岩相边界。岩浆形成于源区岩石的低度(约<5%)部分熔融,其中石榴石二辉橄榄岩部分熔融约为1%,尖晶石二辉橄榄岩部分熔融2%～5%。综合分析显示,源区部分熔融的触发机制是边际驱动的地幔对流,因而其形成深度大于东部的集宁玄武岩和汉诺坝玄武岩。  相似文献   

11.
闪长玢岩因其成因及含矿性特点而备受地学界关注,内蒙古阿巴嘎旗北部沙章土矿区发育闪长玢岩体,伴生着高背景化探异常。本研究通过岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及其Hf 同位素研究,确定沙章土矿区闪长玢岩的成岩年龄及岩浆源区。闪长玢岩的侵位年龄为(311.1±1.7) Ma,属晚石炭世海西中期构造-岩浆活动的产物。岩石中SiO2含量为56.19%~60.45%,Na2O + K2O为4.81%~5.87%,铝饱和指数A/CNK为1.00~1.43,属高钾钙碱性、过铝质岩石;明显富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素K、Rb及高场强元素Zr、Th、U,显著亏损重稀土及高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Hf、Ti,显示了俯冲带岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征;稀土元素总量(REE)为139.62×10-6~150.67×10-6,具有轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的右倾配分模式,显示弱负Eu异常。Hf同位素单阶段模式年龄(TDM)为637~905 Ma,二阶段模式年龄(TDMC)变化范围为827~1 259 Ma,锆石εHf(t)值在+1.10~+7.80之间,显示其具有幔源岩浆物质来源特征,其岩浆源区可能是由俯冲板片脱水交代上覆地幔楔,熔融体上升发生底侵作用,加热并诱发新生基性下地壳部分熔融,上升演化而形成的壳幔混源岩浆。  相似文献   

12.
Throughout Earth??s history, all volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS)-hosting environments are associated with specific assemblages of mafic and felsic rocks with distinct petrochemistry (petrochemical assemblages) indicative of formation at anomalously high temperatures within extensional geodynamic environments. In mafic-dominated (juvenile/ophiolitic) VMS environments, there is a preferential association with mafic rocks with boninite and low-Ti tholeiite, mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), and/or back-arc basin basalt affinities representing forearc rifting or back-arc initiation, mid-ocean ridges or back-arc basin spreading, or back-arc basins, respectively. Felsic rocks in juvenile oceanic arc environments in Archean terrains are high field strength element (HFSE) and rare earth element (REE) enriched. In post-Archean juvenile oceanic arc terrains, felsic rocks are commonly HFSE and REE depleted and have boninite like to tholeiitic signatures. In VMS environments that are associated with continental crust (i.e., continental arc and back-arc) and dominated by felsic volcanic and/or sedimentary rocks (evolved environments), felsic rocks are the dominant hosts to mineralization and are generally HFSE and REE enriched with calc-alkalic, A-type, and/or peralkalic affinities, representing continental arc rifts, continental back-arcs, and continental back-arcs to continental rifts, respectively. Coeval mafic rocks in evolved environments have alkalic (within-plate/ocean island basalt like) and MORB signatures that represent arc to back-arc rift versus back-arc spreading, respectively. The high-temperature magmatic activity in VMS environments is directly related to the upwelling of mafic magma beneath rifts in extensional geodynamic environments (e.g., mid-ocean ridges, back-arc basins, and intra-arc rifts). Underplated basaltic magma provides the heat required to drive hydrothermal circulation. Extensional geodynamic activity also provides accommodation space at the base of the lithosphere that allows for the underplated basalt to drive hydrothermal circulation and induce crustal melting, the latter leading to the formation of VMS-associated rhyolites in felsic-dominated and bimodal VMS environments. Rifts also provide extensional faults and the permeability and porosity required for recharge and discharge of VMS-related hydrothermal fluids. Rifts are also critical in creating environments conducive to preservation of VMS mineralization, either through shielding massive sulfides from seafloor weathering and mass wasting or by creating environments conducive to the precipitation of subseafloor replacement-style mineralization in sedimented rifts. Subvolcanic intrusions are also products of the elevated heat flow regime common to VMS-forming environments. Shallow-level intrusive complexes (i.e., within 1?C3?km of the seafloor) may not be the main drivers of VMS-related hydrothermal circulation, but are likely the manifestation of deeper-seated mantle-derived heat (i.e., ~3?C10?km depth) that drives hydrothermal circulation. These shallower intrusive complexes are commonly long-lived (i.e., millions of years), and reflect a sustained thermally anomalous geodynamic environment. Such a thermally anomalous environment has the potential to drive significant hydrothermal circulation, and, therefore multi-phase, long-lived subvolcanic intrusive complexes are excellent indicators of a potentially fertile VMS environment. The absence of intrusive complexes, however, does not indicate an area of low potential, as they may have been moved or removed due to post-VMS tectonic activity. In some cases, shallow-level intrusive systems contribute metals to the VMS-hydrothermal system.  相似文献   

13.
薛怀民  马芳  曹光跃 《地质学报》2015,89(8):1380-1401
长江中下游晚中生代橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩发育在宁芜、庐枞、溧水和怀宁四个火山岩盆地内,该系列的火山岩地球化学性质上以相对富碱、高K、明显富集Rb、Th、U、K等强不相容元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta和Ti为特征。Ba和Sr的特征在不同盆地内随岩性的不同表现各异,表明斜长石的分离结晶可能在这些盆地内岩浆演化过程中起着一定的作用。这些盆地内的橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩的部分地球化学性质(如Ce/Yb比值)与大多数大陆环境下的橄榄玄粗岩系列岩石不同,而类似于大洋岛弧内的,可能意味着区内由于岩石圈的减薄,软流圈地幔上涌到了相对较浅的部位,控制源区部分熔融的主要是尖晶石相地幔岩。这些火山岩的Sr、Nd同位素组成总体处于扬子克拉通岩石圈地幔附近,指示这些橄榄玄粗质母岩浆主要是由富集的岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的。但盆地所处的构造位置对岩浆的性质也有显著的影响,指示地壳基底物质的混染也不同程度存在。区内榄玄粗岩系列火山活动持续的时间很短,主要集中在约128134 Ma左右,峰值约130 Ma,其成因的动力学机制可能与晚中生代发生在中国东部的岩石圈减薄事件有关。  相似文献   

14.
戴蒙  严光生  刘翠  邓晋福 《地学前缘》2016,23(5):266-280
内蒙古满洲里地区的甲乌拉铅锌银矿区的成岩、成矿事件及其相互关系目前仍有很大争议。文中对矿区内与成矿密切相关的石英斑岩、闪长玢岩开展详细研究。锆石SHRIMP U Pb年代学研究表明：矿区致矿侵入体之一石英斑岩形成于(129±4.8) Ma,成矿晚(或后)期的闪长玢岩形成于约(124±2.5) Ma;认为铅锌银等成矿作用应发生于(129±4.8)~(124±2.5) Ma,为早白垩世末期。岩石地球化学特征显示石英斑岩具有高硅、高钾、贫钙等特征,TAS图上属于亚碱性系列,硅铁镁图上属于钙碱系列,硅钾图上属于高钾钙碱系列。轻重稀土分馏明显,具有明显的负铕异常。相对富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),而亏损高场强元素(HFSE),且具有低Sr、高Y等特征。闪长玢岩同样展现出高钾、高铝、贫钙特征,TAS图上属于亚碱性系列,硅铁镁图上属于拉斑系列;轻、重稀土分馏明显,具明显负铕异常,但稀土总量较高;相对富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE),同具有低Sr、高Y等特征。这些研究结果表明：石英斑岩具有火山弧的特征,主要来源于壳源的熔融;闪长玢岩具有活动大陆边缘弧的特征,主要来源于地幔的熔融,但经历了壳源的混染上述岩浆与甲乌拉的铅锌银矿;推测应为蒙古-鄂霍次克洋由俯冲向陆陆转换阶段产物。  相似文献   

15.
长白山天池火山粗面岩成因与岩浆房系统演化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
长白山天池火山是典型的大陆板内碱性火山,岩石组合以玄武岩盾和粗面岩、碱流岩等碱性岩为主。为厘清天池火山粗面岩的形成过程,本文在综合前人研究的基础上,结合本文新发表数据,检验了粗面岩的成因。研究结果显示天池火山粗面岩不可能由古老的华北克拉通下地壳部分熔融形成,也不符合造盾玄武岩部分熔融的模式。通过主量元素、微量元素定性和定量计算后认为粗面岩是由进化玄武质岩浆(玄武粗安岩)经历了分离结晶作用所形成,粗面岩形成过程中岩浆遭受了地壳混染,并且具有高n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)和低n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)两种截然不同的混染趋势。结合岩相和层序信息,作者认为两种演化趋势是上地壳岩浆房系统变化的反映。早期玄武质岩(头道白山期)上侵至上地壳演化,因与上地壳直接接触,沿高n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)趋势演化。随着岩浆房接受补给,岩浆房逐渐增大,新侵入的岩浆与地壳被早期岩浆房结晶形成的岩浆房壁所隔挡,使得年轻粗面岩和碱流岩只与早期粗面质岩浆的残留体等进行物质交换,最终沿着低Sr同位素比值趋势演化。  相似文献   

16.
The Zouzan pluton is one of the intrusive bodies in the NE of Lut block enclosed by Cenozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks. It consists of two distinct mafic and felsic magmas which are genetically unrelated. All studied rocks are calc-alkaline in nature, with LILE/REE and HFSE/REE ratios compatible with arc related magmatism. Mafic phase has dioritic composition emplaced as small stocks in felsic rocks. Geochemical characteristics in dioritic rocks (relatively high contents of incompatible elements, low Na2O and Mg#>44) suggest they were derived from partial melting of metabasalt sources in a subduction settings. Felsic phase composed of granodiorite to granite rocks with high-K calcalkaline metaluminous to slightly peraluminous signature. Major and trace element data exclude high pressure melting and metasedimentary parental in the formation of Zouzan felsic rocks. They have been formed by partial melting of mantle-derived mafic rocks. Field relation, petrographical evidences and chemical composition show that partial melting of a mantle wedge in conjunction with magma mixing and crystal fractionation would have led to generation of Zouzan pluton.  相似文献   

17.
Analysis of middle and upper Eocene rocks from the IBM forearc, including the Ogasawara and Mariana Islands, help illuminate early arc volcanism of the proto-IBM arc. Dredged volcanic rocks from the forearc are two-pyroxene basalt to andesite, and may be divided into two groups, tholeiite and calc-alkaline, on the basis of mineralogy, petrography, and bulk chemistry. Tholeiites are characterized by high HFSE contents, high crystallization temperatures, and low water contents. In contrast, the calc-alkaline rocks are characterized by low HFSE contents, low crystallization temperatures, and higher water contents. These characteristics indicate that magma genesis for the two series differed. The tholeiites resulted from high degrees of partial melting of slightly depleted mantle under anhydrous conditions, whereas the calc-alkaline rocks were generated by low degrees of melting of depleted mantle under hydrous conditions. We believe that differences in mantle depletion arose from compositional layering and fluid zonations caused by MORB volcanism and slab dehydration, respectively. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

18.
A geochemical investigation of the Laramie anorthosite complex determined that monsonite associated with the complex are characterized by positive Eu anomalies and display a regular variation in composition with distance from the monzonite/county rock contact. Anorthositic rocks have major and trace element abundance typical of similar complexes. The internal variations in the monzonite were produced by in situ fractionation and contamination. The data indicate that anorthosite and monzonite cannot be comagmatic. It is proposed that the anorthosite and monzonite of the complex evolved from two distinct magmas, and that two stages of anatectic melting contributed to the evolution of the monzonite. An initial stage of partial melting was induced by intrusion of a gabbroic anorthosite magma into the lower crust; a second partial melting event occurred after emplacement where heat from the intrusions melted country rocks resulting in extensive contamination ofthe monzonite.  相似文献   

19.
Carbonate and calcareous-quartzite of Miri-Buxa Group in the Siang Window of Eastern Himalaya intruded by mafic rocks of gabbroic affinity. These intrusive rocks are low-Ti tholeiites (Ti/Y = 379−478; Nb/La = 0.99−1.88) and characterized by enriched LILE-LREE, depleted in HFSE with minor REE fractionation [(La/Yb)N = 2.72−3.35)]. Geochemical behaviour of the incompatible trace elements with the rare earth elements abundances indicates their cogenetic nature and their emplacement in a continental rift tectonic environment. The liquidus olivine temperature of these mafic rocks ranges from 1262°C to 1380°C showing a gentle decrease of [Mg] with a steep increase of [Fe]. These charters thus imply that the rocks are either related to the extent of common source or fractionational crystallization of plagioclase and clinopyroxene from a single batch parental magma. Petrogenetic modeling of [Mg]-[Fe] and REE indicates that these mafic intrusives probably derived from a mantle source similar to komatiitic composition at moderate to high degree (8%–20%) of partial melting.  相似文献   

20.
长江源区新生代火山岩的系列及成因   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
长江源区的新生代火山岩系包括高钾钙碱性系列和钾玄岩系列.高钾钙碱性火山岩形成于始新世, 钾玄岩系列火山岩形成于中、上新世.总体而言, 该区火山岩富碱高钾, 富集大离子亲石元素, 稀土元素含量高且轻稀土相对富集.相对而言, 高钾钙碱性火山岩富集SiO2、Al2O3, 无负Eu异常, 属于壳源岩浆系列, 其原始岩浆由加厚陆壳的榴辉岩质下地壳经部分熔融产生.钾玄岩系列火山岩富集K2 O、TiO2、P2 O5、MgO、FeO, ∑REE、HFSE、ISr值均较高, 弱负Eu异常, 属于幔源岩浆系列, 其原始岩浆由EMⅡ型富集地幔的部分熔融生成.2个系列的火山岩均是大陆碰撞造山后期岩浆作用的产物.始新世以来, 随着该区由碰撞、挤压作用发展到出现走滑, 应力环境由挤压转变为张性, 导致依次喷发高钾钙碱性火山岩和钾玄岩系列火山岩.   相似文献   

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