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西天山阿吾拉勒一带大哈拉军山组火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境分析 总被引：23，自引：6，他引：23
新疆阿吾拉勒山一带大哈拉军山组火山岩是陆缘弧构造环境.通过研究,测区火山岩具高K、高Al和低碱、低Ti的特点;微量元素地球化学组成与典型火山(岛)弧环境玄武岩的地球化学组成一致;稀土总量97.89×10-6~222.87×10-6,平均含量为140.71×10-6,具轻稀土亏损,重稀土富集特点;各种构造环境判别图解表明,大哈拉军山组火山岩位于靠大陆边缘的岛弧区.大哈拉军山组火山岩记录了西天山阿吾拉勒地区在早石炭世处于板块俯冲碰撞环境的重要信息. 相似文献
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酉天山阿吾拉勒—带大哈拉军山组火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
新疆阿吾拉勒山一带大哈拉军山组火山岩是陆缘弧构造环境.通过研究,测区火山岩具高K、高Al和低碱、低Ti的特点;微量元素地球化学组成与典型火山(岛)弧环境玄武岩的地球化学组成一致;稀土总量97.89×10-6~222.87×10-6,平均含量为140.71×10-6,具轻稀土亏损,重稀土富集特点;各种构造环境判别图解表明,大哈拉军山组火山岩位于靠大陆边缘的岛弧区.大哈拉军山组火山岩记录了西天山阿吾拉勒地区在早石炭世处于板块俯冲碰撞环境的重要信息. 相似文献
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卡拉盖雷火山岩型热液铜金矿床位于新疆西天山那拉提构造带境内西段, 赋矿地层为下石炭统大哈拉军山组, 含矿岩石主要为玄武质凝灰岩、浅变质岩及隐爆角砾岩。矿体产于隐爆角砾岩筒及构造破碎带裂隙或片理、劈理微裂隙中。硅化、绿泥石化和电气石化是高品位矿石的蚀变标志。岩石地球化学研究表明, 区内大哈拉军山组火山岩以钙碱性系列为主, 含部分拉斑玄武岩系列, 富集LREE和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th、K), 相对亏损HREE和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti、P), 具有大陆火山弧亲缘性。综合伊犁—中天山板块南缘的构造演化特征, 认为矿区大哈拉军山组火山岩产于板块俯冲-碰撞后期较成熟的大陆火山弧环境。 相似文献
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西天山玉希莫勒盖达坂玄武安山岩—高钾玄武安山岩—粗安岩组合的发现及其地质意义 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
在阿吾拉勒东段玉希莫勒盖达坂地区大哈拉军山组主要是一套以安山质（粗安质）-英安质（粗面质-粗面英安质）火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩为主的火山岩建造。根据岩石地球化学特征,本文在大哈拉军山组火山岩的上部厘定出了钙碱性玄武安山岩—高钾钙碱性玄武安山岩—粗安岩（橄榄安粗岩系）组合。微量元素地球化学特征显示,三类岩石形成于岛弧环境,钙碱性玄武安山岩的形成与板片俯冲作用有关,而高钾钙碱性玄武安山岩和粗安岩的形成则与俯冲板片断裂诱发的软流圈上涌作用有关。钙碱性玄武安山岩—高钾钙碱性玄武安山岩—粗安岩组合的存在说明阿吾拉勒东段在晚石炭世由于俯冲板片的断裂,构造体制由挤压转变为伸展。玉希莫勒盖达坂大哈拉军山组上部的火山岩组合与世界许多著名铜-金矿集区（如Papua New Guinea）的火山岩组合相似,显示该地区晚石炭世具有良好的铜、金成矿条件。 相似文献
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岩石化学和元素地球化学研究表明，早石炭世赛肯都鲁序列和大哈拉军山组火山岩具有相似性，两者Si02含量平均值分别为62．81％和63．21％，CaO含量较高，Na2O和K2O含量较低，K2O含量〈Na2O含量．碱值平均值分别为0．36和0．44，A／CNK值均小于1．0，属钙碱性次铝质岩石．微量元素的分布特点均表现“先隆后凹”的右倾式，Sr、K、Rb、Ba、Th、Ta、Nb、P、Ce、Hf和Sm选择性富集，富集LREE、亏损HREE和有弱或微弱负Eu异常，两者共同构成了岛弧火成岩组合，表明赛肯都鲁序列和大哈拉军山组火山岩同源． 相似文献
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西天山昭苏东南部阿登套地区大哈拉军山组火山岩及花岗岩侵入体的地球化学特征、时代和构造环境 总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5
西天山昭苏东南部阿登套地区大哈拉军山组火山岩主要由玄武质安山岩组成,具有富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti)、稀土元素高度分馏的特征。这些玄武安山岩被一些钾长花岗岩和花岗斑岩脉体侵入。钾长花岗岩脉为准铝质,含有较高的Na2O+K2O、轻稀土元素、Zr、Nb、Y含量和较高的FeOT/MgO及Ga/Al比值。两类花岗岩均亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti和Eu。钾长花岗岩和花岗斑岩给出的Laser-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为354.2±2.3Ma和339.5±2.3Ma,表明其围岩即大哈拉军山组火山岩的形成时代不晚于早石炭世早期。综合野外地质观察、区域地质构造以及上述岩石的地球化学特征和时代,我们认为西天山昭苏南部大哈拉军山组火山岩及侵入其中的早石炭世A型花岗岩脉可能形成于活动陆缘弧后拉张环境。 相似文献
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新疆特克斯东南大哈拉军山组玄武安山岩地球化学特征:岩石成因和构造背景探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
特克斯东南大哈拉军山组玄武安山岩具有钙碱性火山岩的地球化学特征,Nb、Ta等高场强元素强烈亏损,强不相容元素比值明显不同于原始地幔、亏损地幔和富集地幔而倾向于地壳,具有岛弧火山岩的特点,与新源县南及其东部大哈拉军山组火山岩一起指示了西天山在早石炭世-晚石炭世处于汇聚而不是伸展的大地构造背景。与岛弧作用有关的俯冲沉积物的交代作用是其源区受改造的最主要方式,岩浆演化以包括橄榄石、单斜辉石在内的分离结晶作用为主。 相似文献
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Geoffrey F. Davies 《Tectonophysics》1983,99(2-4)
There are, in principle, direct relations between several important phenomena associated with subduction zones: the depth of oceanic trenches, the magnitude of the net force from trenches acting on subducting plates, the distribution and fault plane orientations of earthquakes, the magnitude of stresses on subduction faults, the bathymetry of back-arc regions, and the magnitudes of gravity and geoid anomalies. These phenomena are related through the stresses transmitted through surface and subducted lithosphere, and are associated with the mass anomaly of the subducted lithosphere. Quantitative estimates suggest that observed trench depths imply a trench pull force on subducting plates which is comparable to the ridge push force but much less than the excess weight of the subducted lithospheric slab. It is further suggested that either the mass anomaly of subducted lithosphere is much less than would be expected on the basis of conventional thermal and compositional models or that (a) a large resistance acts on the upper part of slabs due to high-stress corner flow, and (b) the mass anomaly of the slab is 70–90% compensated either by a broad 1 km-deep back-arc depression or a low density mantle wedge above the slab or both. 相似文献
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Marco Brandano Laura Tomassetti Guillem Mateu‐Vicens Giovanni Gaglianone 《Sedimentology》2019,66(6):2268-2296
Seagrasses are marine angiosperms that form extensive submarine meadows in the photic zone where carbonate producing biota dwell as epiphytes on the leaves or as infaunal forms, and act as prolific carbonate sediment factories. Because seagrasses have a low preservation potential and records of exceptionally well‐preserved and plant material from marine settings are rare, these palaeoenvironments are difficult to identify in the rock record. Consequently, sedimentological and palaeontological proxies are the main indicators of the presence of seagrass‐dominated ecosystems. This work investigates the skeletal assemblage of Modern (Maldivian and western Mediterranean) and fossil (Eocene; Apula and Oman carbonate platforms and Oligocene; Malta platform) seagrass examples to characterize the skeletal assemblage of modern and fossil seagrasses. Two main types of grains, calcareous algae and foraminifera, constitute around 50% of the bioclastic sediment in both tropical Maldivian and temperate Mediterranean scenarios. However, in the tropical setting they are represented by green algae (Halimeda), while in the Mediterranean they are represented by corallinacean red algae. In contrast, in the Eocene examples, the foraminifera are the most conspicuous group and the green algae are also abundant. The opposite occurs in the Maltese Chattian, which is dominated by coralline algae (mean 42%), although the foraminifera are still abundant. It is suggested to use the term foralgal to identify the seagrass skeletal assemblage. To discriminate between red algae and green algae dominance, the introduction of the prefixes ‘GA’ (green algae) and ‘RA’ (red algae) is proposed. The investigated examples provide evidence that the green algae–foralgal assemblage is typical of tropical, not excessively dense seagrass meadows, characterized by a well‐illuminated substrate to support the development and calcification of the Halimeda thallus. Contrarily, the red algae‐foralgal assemblage is typical of high density tropical to subtropical seagrass meadows which create very dense oligophotic conditions on the sea floor or in temperate settings where Halimeda cannot calcify. 相似文献
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C. R. Paslick Alex N. Halliday R. A. Lange D. James J. B. Dawson 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1996,125(4):277-292
Alkali basalts and nephelinites from the volcanic province of northern Tanzania contain pyroxene and nepheline that show
evidence for chemical and/or isotopic disequilibria with their host magmas. Olivine, pyroxene, nepheline and plagioclase all
appear to be partially xenocrystic in origin. Five whole rock/mineral separate pairs have been analyzed for Sr, Nd, and Pb
isotopic compositions. The 206Pb/204Pb ratios are distinct by as much as 20.94 (whole rock) vs. 19.10 (clinopyroxene separate). The Sr and Nd isotopic disequilibria
vary from insignificant in the case of nepheline, to Δ 87Sr/86Sr of 0.0002 and ΔɛNd of 0.7 in the case of clinopyroxene. The mineral chemistry of 25 samples indicates the ubiquitous presence of minerals that
did not crystallize from a liquid represented by the host rock. The northern Tanzanian magmas are peralkaline and exhibit
none of the xenocrystic phases expected from crustal assimilation. The disequilibria cannot be the result of mantle source
variations. Rather the xenocrystic phases present appear to have been derived from earlier alkali basaltic rocks or magmas
that were contaminated by the crust. Material from this earlier magma was then mixed with batches of magma that subsequently
erupted on the surface. Disequilibrium in volcanic rocks has potentially serious consequences for the use of whole rock data
to identify source reservoirs. However, mass balance calculations reveal that the 206Pb/204Pb isotopic compositions of the erupted lavas were changed by less than 0.25% as a result of this indirect crustal contamination.
Received: 15 February 1995 / Accepted: 4 May 1996 相似文献
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以危地马拉蓝水料与缅甸油青种翡翠为研究对象,通过显微镜观察、岩石薄片观察、X射线粉末衍射分析、激光拉曼光谱分析、扫描电镜分析、电子探针分析等测试手段对两者进行了常规宝石学特征、结构特征、杂质矿物、化学成分等方面的对比研究。结果表明,危地马拉蓝水料发育等粒变晶结构,主要成分为硬玉,含有绿辉石,硬玉环带以2～3层为主,绿辉石分别以自形颗粒、交代残余、沿微裂隙充填3种形式存在,其中白色点状物为钠长石,绿色点状物为霓辉石和绿辉石的混杂物;缅甸油青种翡翠以硬玉为主颗粒相对粗大,呈柱粒状镶嵌结构,硬玉发育3～5层环带结构,绿辉石以脉状充填硬玉颗粒间隙或被硬玉颗粒交代呈孤岛状。危地马拉蓝水料硬玉颗粒与脉状绿辉石的CaO含量均高于缅甸油青种翡翠,另外由于霓辉石的存在,推测两产地翡翠结晶环境中的Ca、Fe含量可能存在差异。 相似文献
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KIEFFER BRUNO; ARNDT NICHOLAS; LAPIERRE HENRIETTE; BASTIEN FLORENCE; BOSCH DELPHINE; PECHER ARNAUD; YIRGU GEZAHEGN; AYALEW DEREJE; WEIS DOMINIQUE; JERRAM DOUGAL A.; KELLER FRANCINE; MEUGNIOT CLAUDINE 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(4):793-834
The Ethiopian plateau is made up of several distinct volcaniccentres of different ages and magmatic affinities. In the NE,a thick sequence of 30 Ma flood basalts is overlain by the 30Ma Simien shield volcano. The flood basalts and most of thisshield volcano, except for a thin veneer of alkali basalt, aretholeiitic. In the centre of the province, a far thinner sequenceof flood basalt is overlain by the 22 Ma Choke and Guguftu shieldvolcanoes. Like the underlying flood basalts, these shieldsare composed of alkaline lavas. A third type of magma, whichalso erupted at 30 Ma, is more magnesian, alkaline and stronglyenriched in incompatible trace elements. Eruption of this magmawas confined to the NE of the province, a region where the lavaflows are steeply tilted as a result of deformation contemporaneouswith their emplacement. Younger shields (e.g. Mt Guna, 10·7Ma) are composed of Si-undersaturated lavas. The three maintypes of magma have very different major and trace element characteristicsranging from compositions low in incompatible elements in thetholeiites [e.g. 10 ppm La at 7 wt % MgO (=La7), La/Yb = 4·2],moderate in the alkali basalts (La7 = 24, La/Yb = 9·2),and very high in the magnesian alkaline magmas (La7 = 43, La/Yb= 17). Although their Nd and Sr isotope compositions are similar,Pb isotopic compositions vary considerably; 206Pb/204Pb variesin the range of 相似文献
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《矿物学报》2013,(4)
云南某铁矿含铜0.33%,镍0.14%,金0.11g/t,银0.13 g/t,铁14.60%,硅32.80%,氧化镁23.50%。利用了X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜等现代分析手段,进行了工艺矿物学研究,研究发现原矿中主要金属矿物为黄铜矿、磁铁矿、镍黄铁矿、赤铁矿,脉石矿物主要为蛇纹石、滑石、绿泥石。为了有效的回收矿石中的有价金属,进行了大量的试验研究。最终本文确定在磨矿细度60%-200目的条件下,以水玻璃+六偏磷酸钠+CMC做组合抑制剂,乙硫氮做捕收剂,采用一粗三精三扫的浮选流程,回收原矿中的铜、镍。所得混合精矿铜品位14.34%,回收率86.93%,镍品位4.30%,回收率64.17%。 相似文献
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A paleomagnetic, rock-magnetic and paleointensity study has been carried out on 14 basaltic lava flows from two Pliocene (K–Ar age between 3.09 ± 0.10 Ma and 4.00 ± 0.15 Ma) sequences (Apnia and Korxi) from the eastern Djhavakheti Highland in southern Georgia (Caucasus).Measurement of strong-field magnetisation versus temperature curves yielded three types of thermomagnetic curves: (i) Reversible curves with magnetite as only remanence carrier (type H); (ii) irreversible curves with magnetite as only carrier of remanence (type H−) and (iii) irreversible curves showing a low Curie-temperature phase and magnetite (type L). Analysis of hysteresis curves showed that samples were characterised by a mixture of single-domain and multi-domain grains.Paleomagnetic experiments allowed determining characteristic components for all flows and normal polarities (6 flows), reversed polarities (7 flows) and intermediate polarities (1 flow) were observed.. Paleomagnetic poles were calculated using only those sites unequivocally showing normal or reversed polarities. The paleomagnetic pole obtained from flows of both combined sequences (latitude λ = 77.9°N, longitude ϕ = 152.1°E, n = 13, A95 = 11.8°, k = 13.4) showed a good agreement with the 5 Ma window of the European synthetic apparent polar wander path of Besse and Courtillot (2002). The paleomagnetic direction of the combined Apnia-Korxi flows agrees well with the expected one, showing no significant tectonic rotation. The latter cannot be however, completely excluded in the Korxi section. In that section, analysis of the angular dispersion of virtual geomagnetic poles yields a much higher value than expected.Paleointensity experiments using the Coe method were performed on 31 specimens from 10 flows. After application of specific selection criteria, 19 samples from 8 flows were observed to provide successful determinations, with mean flow values showing a wide scatter. If only flows with more than one successful paleointensity determination are taken into account, virtual dipole moments (VDMs) vary between 3.5 × 1022 A m2 and 8.3 × 1022 A m2. In intermediate polarity site AP2 no weak transitional paleostrength values were observed. 相似文献
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Philippe Ponel Russell Coope Pierre Antoine Nicole Limondin-Lozouet Chantal Leroyer Andr-Valentin Munaut Jean-Franois Pastre Frdric Guiter 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2005,24(23-24):2449-2465
Two Lateglacial insect sequences are described (a) from Conty, in the Selle valley and (b) from Houdancourt in the Oise valley, both in northern France. These investigations are part of a multidisciplinary investigation involving archaeology, sedimentology, geomorphology, geochronology and palaeontology (pollen, macroscopic plant remains, vertebrates, molluscs and insect fossils). The sequences of insect assemblages date from the latter part of the Bølling to the end of the Allerød periods. Environmental analysis of these faunas shows that rivers with riffles and pools meandered across flood plains. The river was extensively fringed with reedy vegetation. The only trees growing close to the river were of Salix and/or Populus. All the insect assemblages indicate that the thermal climates during the Bølling and Allerød periods were similar to one another and during both periods were very nearly as warm as that of the present day. No insect fossils were recovered from the sediments attributed to the Older Dryas interval though other evidence from these sites suggests that this event was decidedly colder than those immediately preceding and succeeding it. Comparisons are made between Lateglacial climatic patterns in northern France with those elsewhere in Europe. 相似文献