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1.
海潮波动可以引起海岸带有越流的承压含水层地下水头发生波动。建立了基于有限差分法的滨海地区一维承压含水层地下水运动数值模型。通过将潮汐波动概化为正弦波,分别对初始水头水平及线性倾斜的承压含水层模拟了滨海地区有越流的承压含水层地下水头随潮汐波动的变化。通过对两种情形下的变化比较,结果表明,受海潮影响的滨海承压含水层地下水头与海潮有相似的波动特征,但变幅减小,受海潮的影响程度与离海岸的距离有关,随着离海岸距离的增加,地下水头的变幅及潮汐效率呈负指数函数衰减,水头倾斜情形下变幅更小,潮汐效率更小,滞后时间更短,地下水头对海潮的滞后时间随距离呈线性增加。 相似文献
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海潮引起滨海含水层地下水位变化的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
依据短序列和长序列的潮汐效应观测数据,分析了北海地区海潮引起滨海含水层地下水位变化的动态特征.结果表明,受海潮影响的滨海含水层地下水位与海潮有相似的波动特征,但变幅减小,受海潮的影响程度与观测点离海岸的距离有关,随着离海岸距离的增加地下水位的变幅和潮汐系数大致呈负指数减小.在南、北海岸距离海岸分别达3756m和2276m以远时地下水位不受海潮变化的影响.长序列的观测资料显示,海潮和岸边地下水位有15天的长周期和1天的短周期的波动. 相似文献
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海潮及其影响下海岸带地下水位时间序列的周期性和滞后性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用谱分析原理，对广西北海市海潮及受海潮影响的滨海含水层地下水位时间序列进行分析，求出海潮和观测孔水位变化的周期及地下水位滞后于海潮的时间，分析水位滞后时间与离海岸的垂直距离之间的关系。结果表明，北海市海潮和海岸带地下水位有约344．82h（14．37d）的长周期变化和约24．7h、12．5h的短周期波动，距海岸2175、2350、2375m的3个观测孔地下水位对海潮的滞后时间分别为5．5、6．25和7h，滞后时间随离海岸的距离增大大体上呈线性增加。 相似文献
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滨海含水层地下水位动态特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
广西北海市滨海含水层具有多层结构，承压含水层及其项、底板弱透水层向海域延伸。承压地下水位接受降雨入修补给而抬升，呈季节性变化；海岸带地下水位受海潮涨落影响，具有周期大约为15天和1天的波动；在地下水集中开采地段，地下水位在近几年里呈现持续下降趋势。 相似文献
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在滨海地区,地下水水位受潮汐波动影响较大,使得传统的抽水试验、水位回复试验等方法确定含水层参数存在困难且花费较大。通过对广西北海市滨海含水层地下水位动态资料进行分析,发现其上升段和下降段是不对称的。基于海岸带承压含水层正弦潮汐波的传播理论,提出了确定含水层参数的分段法,并与振幅衰减法和滞后时间法进行对比,各种方法求出的储水系数与导水系数之比(S/T)很接近,说明分段法是有效的。对于北海市滨海含水层,上升段求出的S/T值比下降段要大,其成因机理还有待进一步分析。 相似文献
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在沿海地区,尤其是围海造陆工程形成的陆域地区地下水水位受潮汐影响较大,使传统水文地质试验求取含水层参数存在较大误差。因此通过合理概化地下水在潮汐作用下运动规律,建立数学模型,推导解析公式求取沿海含水层参数具有重要意义。分析天津滨海新区两处观测孔地下水位及潮汐波动特征,在滞后时间不明显的情况下,利用观测孔水位变幅数据计算了含水层水头扩散系数,并根据承压含水层储水系数经验值进一步获得含水层渗透系数。通过两个观测孔分别计算,对比计算结果互相验证发现,该方法取得了令人满意的结果。利用地下水潮汐效应计算含水层参数可以广泛应用于沿海地区水文地质工作中。 相似文献
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运用三维变密度潮汐效应模型确定滨海含水系统的海底等效边界——山东烟台夹河中下游地区为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
确定咸淡水界面的位置是滨海地区海水入侵研究的主要任务之一。对于天然条件承压含水层而言，含水层顶板向海底延伸的距离直接影响了咸淡水界面的位置，它可以通过承压含水层中地下水的潮汐效应信息来确定。考虑到咸淡水之间密度的差异，建立了山东省夹河中下游地区滨海含水系统地下水三维变密度潮汐效应模型。通过反复对比潮汐效应观测中的地下水水头波动与模型计算出的水头波动，确定了滨海承压含水系统的海底边界。同时，也初步估计出海区与近海陆区含水层的水文地质参数。 相似文献
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地下水位动态变化是外界影响因素的反映,微观动态也受到外界长期周期性影响。根据在华北平原设置的自动监测设备监测的高频率水位资料,利用频谱分析方法分析了地下水位微观动态,确定了周期变化特征。与天体潮汐所体现出的周期特征对比,说明华北平原(北京除外)大多数观测孔都受到天体潮汐作用的周期影响:其中沿海的部分浅层含水层地下水与海潮潮汐作用有关,个别观测孔受蒸散发作用影响体现出日变化;内陆大多数深层观测孔和个别浅层观测孔微动态受固体潮汐作用影响,反映了不同地区的含水层以及岩性特征。 相似文献
10.
《水文地质工程地质》2014,(3)
地下水位动态变化是外界影响因素的反映,微观动态也受到外界长期周期性影响。根据在华北平原设置的自动监测设备监测的高频率水位资料,利用频谱分析方法分析了地下水位微观动态,确定了周期变化特征。与天体潮汐所体现出的周期特征对比,说明华北平原(北京除外)大多数观测孔都受到天体潮汐作用的周期影响:其中沿海的部分浅层含水层地下水与海潮潮汐作用有关,个别观测孔受蒸散发作用影响体现出日变化;内陆大多数深层观测孔和个别浅层观测孔微动态受固体潮汐作用影响,反映了不同地区的含水层以及岩性特征。 相似文献
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Four times of observation of the ocean tide and groundwater levels in the coastal aquifers near Beihai, China show that fluctuation in the tide-induced groundwater levels follows the tide, with the highest and lowest water levels corresponding to the high water level syzygy tide and the low water level neap tide. The tidal coefficient is less than 0.5, decreasing approximately exponentially with the distance from the coast. The tide can affect the groundwater levels at observation wells as far as about 4,200 and 3,300 m in the southern and northern coasts in Beihai. Observations and spectrum analyses of the time series of the tide and water levels suggest that the tide and water levels have similar changes with complex fluctuations of a long period of 14.37 days and two short periods of 24.7 and 12.5 h. Time lags of water levels to the tide at observation wells last several hours and increases roughly linearly with the distance from the coast. Mathematic models consisting of a periodic term plus a linear term are established to describe the changes in the tide and the groundwater levels. The periodic terms for the tide and water levels are constructed using finite Fourier’s series consisting of 7 to 11 terms other than a single term of a sine function in earlier work. Computed water levels with the models can fit the observed water levels with reasonable accuracy and satisfactory prediction of the changes in the water levels is also obtained. 相似文献
13.
Using time series analysis to assess tidal effect on coastal groundwater level in Southern Laizhou Bay,China 
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下载免费PDF全文 Chen She-ming Liu Hong-wei Liu Fu-tian Miao Jin-jie Guo Xu Zhang Zhou Jiang Wan-jun 《地下水科学与工程》2022,10(3):292-301
Sea water intrusion is an environmental problem cause by the irrational exploitation of coastal groundwater resources and has attracted the attention of many coastal countries. In this study, we used time series monitoring data of groundwater levels and tidal waves to analyze the influence of tide flow on groundwater dynamics in the southern Laizhou Bay. The auto-correlation and cross-correlation coefficients between groundwater level and tidal wave level were calculated specifically to measure the boundary conditions along the coastline. In addition, spectrum analysis was employed to assess the periodicity and hysteresis of various tide and groundwater level fluctuations. The results of time series analysis show that groundwater level fluctuation is noticeably influenced by tides, but the influence is limited to a certain distance and cannot reach the saltwater-freshwater interface in the southern Laizhou Bay. There are three main periodic components of groundwater level in tidal effect range (i.e. 23.804 h, 12.500 h and 12.046 h), the pattern of which is the same as the tides. The affected groundwater level fluctuations lag behind the tides. The dynamic analysis of groundwater indicates that the coastal aquifer has a hydraulic connection with seawater but not in a direct way. Owing to the existence of the groundwater mound between the salty groundwater (brine) and fresh groundwater, the maximum influencing distance of the tide on the groundwater is 8.85 km. Considering that the fresh-saline groundwater interface is about 30 km away from the coastline, modern seawater has a limited contribution to sea-salt water intrusion in Laizhou Bay. The results of this study are expected to provide a reference for the study on sea water intrusion. 相似文献
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Data for the Waimea Plains, New Zealand indicate that the lower confined groundwater aquifer is hydraulically homogeneous and that shallow groundwater levels inland are affected mostly by anthropogenic processes, while those near the coast are affected more by sea level variation. Analysis of long-term data for New Zealand indicates that sea level has increased continuously, but trends are not spatially uniform. Results from non-parametric trend analysis show that rising trends for groundwater levels are predominant in the shallow aquifer both inland on the Waimea Plains and, for recent years, near the coast, while decreasing trends are evident in the underlying confined aquifer near the coast. Groundwater level change in the shallow aquifer appears to be more affected by climate change than the lower confined aquifer. Correlation analysis indicated that groundwater levels are more affected by rainfall during the rainy season than the dry season and more influenced by rainfall inland than near the coast. Groundwater level declines in the lower confined aquifer near the coast, which has its major recharge area inland in the catchment, may be substantially affected by groundwater abstraction in inland areas as well as sea level variation, but there are little evidences of seawater intrusion. Meanwhile, groundwater recharge over the catchment area has great influence on rising groundwater levels in the shallow aquifer and its recharge is estimated to be 417.8 mm/year using chloride concentrations of precipitation and groundwater. 相似文献
15.
Xun Zhou 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(3):1311-1317
In a coastal zone an understanding of the distance of the fresh water–salt water interface and its extension inland is important for prevention of sea water intrusion. In this article estimating methods are described for calculating the distance of a fresh water–salt water interface in a coastal confined aquifer based on the submarine fresh groundwater discharge. This groundwater discharge is controlled not only by the aquifer properties and hydraulic head difference, but also by the position of the fresh water–salt water interface in the coastal zone. A homogeneous and isotropic coastal confined aquifer is considered and fresh groundwater flow in the confined aquifer is thought to be at a steady state. Two observation wells at different distances in a profile perpendicular to the coastline are required in calculation of the distance of the interface toe in the coastal zone. Four coastal confined aquifers with horizontal and sloping confining beds and with varying thickness are also considered. Reasonable results are obtained when examples are used to illustrate the application of the methods. The methods require hydraulic head data at the two wells and thickness of the confined aquifers, but the hydraulic conductivity and fresh groundwater flow rate of the confined aquifers are not needed. 相似文献