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1.
通过对一个滨海多层含水层系统的考察,该含水层系统由上、下弱透水层和介于中间的承压含水层组成,海底露头处被淤泥层覆盖.建立了描述该系统中地下水水头随潮汐波动的数学模型,并得到其解析解.该解析解与六个基本参数有关,分别是承压含水层的海潮传播参数,淤泥层的无量纲透水系数,上下弱透层与承压含水层贮水率的比率 (无量纲)和上下弱透层的无量纲越流.当这些参数取某些特殊值时,我们的解便化简为前人考虑的几种简单情形对应的解.分析表明,承压含水层中地下水水头波幅是上、下弱透水层贮水率和越流系数的减函数,是淤泥层相对透水系数的增函数;波动相位(时滞)是上、下弱透水层贮水率和越流系数的增函数,是淤泥层相对透水系数的减函数. 相似文献
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滨海地区社会与经济的发展引发了各种各样的水文地质问题, 因此对滨海地区的水文地质条件, 尤其是地下水与海水之间的水力联系的研究尤为重要.本文考察了海底露头处具有淤泥层的滨海含水层系统中由海潮引起的水头波动.该系统由潜水含水层、承压含水层和介于其间的弱透水层构成.建立了该系统的数学模型, 得到了该模型的解析解.该解析解包含2个无量纲参数: 弱透水层的相对越流系数和淤泥层的相对透水系数.解析解表明, 淤泥层使各处的水头波幅被缩小了一个常数倍(波幅缩减因子), 并使各处的波动相位产生了一个不超过45°的正位移常数(时滞).该时滞对半日潮不超过1.5h, 对全日潮不超过3h.波幅缩减因子和正位移常数只与弱透水层的相对越流系数和淤泥层的相对透水系数有关.当这两个无量纲参数取某些特殊值时, 本次研究的解和前人考虑的几种较简单情形所对应的解一致.承压含水层中水头波幅随着淤泥层的相对透水系数的递增而严格递增, 随弱透水层的相对越流系数的递增而严格递减; 波动相位随着这2个无量纲参数的递增均严格递减.分析表明弱透水层的越流和淤泥层的存在均对承压含水层水头波动有显著影响. 相似文献
3.
海底泉在滨海地下水排泄过程中起着重要的作用。本文给出了含有一个海底泉的在海底延伸的越流承压含水层系统中地下水水头在海潮作用下波动的近似解析解。该含水层顶底板隔水且向海底延伸有限距离。假设含水层的海底露头被一层隔水层覆盖,海底泉由一个渗透性很好的完全穿透海底含水层硕板的圆柱体渗漏天窗（海底泉孔）来表示。近似解析解中包含了6个参数：承压含水层的海潮传播参数,海底泉孔中心到海岸线的距离,表示泉的圆柱体的等效半径,海底泉孔中心到含水层海底露头处的距离,承压含水层的海潮载荷效率和弱透水层的越流。分析表明,如果海底泉孔中心到海岸线的距离远大于泉孔的等效半径,且海底泉孔中心到含水层海底露头处的距离远大于泉孔的等效半径时,解析解的近似误差可以忽略。然后本文讨论了解析解的两个基本性质,分析了海底泉对海底地下水水头波动的影响。 相似文献
4.
为评价振荡试验在获取倾斜承压含水层水文地质参数过程中含水层倾角对计算结果的影响,基于Kipp模型推导了考虑承压含水层倾角的振荡试验解析解模型。倾斜承压含水层量纲一贮水系数和量纲一导水系数不变条件下,测试井-含水层系统的量纲一阻尼系数随着倾角的增加而增加。修正模型计算的量纲一阻尼系数与Kipp模型计算的量纲一阻尼系数偏差10%以上时,必须考虑倾角的影响并且承压含水层倾角对水头响应曲线造成影响临界角度约为34°。修正模型和Kipp模型对现场振荡试验水头响应曲线分析结果的差异表明,忽略含水层倾角会对倾斜承压含水层导水系数和贮水系数的计算结果产生较大误差。 相似文献
5.
海潮波动可以引起海岸带有越流的承压含水层地下水头发生波动。建立了基于有限差分法的滨海地区一维承压含水层地下水运动数值模型。通过将潮汐波动概化为正弦波,分别对初始水头水平及线性倾斜的承压含水层模拟了滨海地区有越流的承压含水层地下水头随潮汐波动的变化。通过对两种情形下的变化比较,结果表明,受海潮影响的滨海承压含水层地下水头与海潮有相似的波动特征,但变幅减小,受海潮的影响程度与离海岸的距离有关,随着离海岸距离的增加,地下水头的变幅及潮汐效率呈负指数函数衰减,水头倾斜情形下变幅更小,潮汐效率更小,滞后时间更短,地下水头对海潮的滞后时间随距离呈线性增加。 相似文献
6.
传统承压含水层井流理论都假定承压水层顶面总应力不变，其隐含的意义是忽略含水层顶板的刚度，从而忽略了顶板弯曲对含水层释水的影响。指出考虑顶板弯曲时，抽水井周围承压含水层顶部的总应力将减小，从而产生比传统理论估计更大的地下水降深，并结合弹性板理论对Theis井流模型作出了改进，新模型的解析解证明Theis模型计算的地下水龙头降深偏低。 相似文献
7.
邹立芝 《水文地质工程地质》1989,(3):50-52
地下水非稳定流理论中,贮水系数所释放(贮存)的水量对承压含水层来说完全是弹性水量,而对潜水含水层来说则是由弹性水量和疏干水量组成,只是其中的弹性水量很少,当忽略时,潜水含水层的储水系数就可近似地用其给水度代替。故给水度与含水层的贮水系数是两个截然不同的概念。 相似文献
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考虑表皮效应竖向非均匀分布,建立各向异性承压层3D稳态井流数学模型,为求得问题的解,首先将表皮效应系数视为分段连续函数,再根据该分段函数将承压层划分成N层,然后通过差分法将问题转化为求解矩阵微分方程边界值问题,最后通过矩阵理论求得相应问题的解。应用数学软件对所求得解进行编程,并应用于实例计算和分析中。结果表明,在距竖井较近处,承压层水头降和流量沿竖向分布均与表皮效应系数函数变化趋势相反,即承压层某深度处的表皮效应系数越大（小）,则相应位置的水头降和流量越小（大）;而距竖井较远处,仅当竖向渗透系数相对于水平渗透系数较小时,才仍具有前述变化规律;承压层不同深度处的水头降沿径向的分布曲线的幅度值,不仅取决于该处的表皮效应系数大小,而且取决于竖向渗透系数与水平渗透系数相对值大小 相似文献
11.
Tide-induced head fluctuations in a coastal aquifer: effects of the elastic storage and leakage of the submarine outlet-capping 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper considers the tidal head fluctuations in a single coastal confined aquifer which extends under the sea for a certain distance. Its submarine outlet is covered by a silt-layer with properties dissimilar to the aquifer. Recently, Li et al. (2007) gave an analytical solution for such a system which neglected the effect of the elastic storage (specific storage) of the outlet-capping. This article presents an analytical solution which generalizes their work by incorporating the elastic storage of the outlet-capping. It is found that if the outlet-capping is thick enough in the horizontal direction, its elastic storage has a significant enhancing effect on the tidal head fluctuation. Ignoring this elastic storage will lead to significant errors in predicting the relationship of the head fluctuation and the aquifer hydrogeological properties. Quantitative analysis shows the effect of the elastic storage of the outlet-capping on the groundwater head fluctuation. Quantitative conditions are given under which the effect of this elastic storage on the aquifer’s tide-induced head fluctuation is negligible. Li, H.L., Li, G.Y., Chen, J.M., Boufadel, M.C. (2007) Tide-induced head fluctuations in a confined aquifer with sediment covering its outlet at the sea floor. [Fluctuations du niveau piézométrique induites par la marée dans un aquifère captif à décharge sous-marine.] Water Resour. Res 43, doi:10.1029/2005WR004724 相似文献
12.
A new analytical solution is developed for describing groundwater level fluctuations in a coupled leaky confined aquifer system
which consists of an unconfined aquifer, confined aquifer, and an aquitard in between. The aquifer system has a tidal boundary
at the seashore, a no flow boundary at remote inland side, and a confined aquifer extending under the sea and terminated with
an outlet-capping. This new solution has shown to be a generalisation of most existing analytical solutions for a tidal aquifer
system which includes single confined and leaky confined aquifers. In addition, the solution is used to explore the influences
of the dimensionless leakance of the outlet-capping, the dimensionless hydraulic diffusivities, and the leakages of the inland
and offshore aquitards on the head responses in the leaky confined aquifer. 相似文献
13.
A data-driven approach for analyzing dynamics of tide–aquifer interaction in coastal aquifer systems
Analysis of tidal effects on aquifer systems plays an important role in coastal aquifer management owing to various hydrological,
engineering and environmental problems in coastal areas. Using the real-world data of unconfined and confined aquifers, a
data-driven approach is presented in this study for the analysis of tide–aquifer interaction in coastal aquifers. Six analytical
tide–aquifer interaction models were selected which take into account the effects of vertical beach, sloping beach, tidal
loading, aquifer leakage, outlet capping, and combined leakage and outlet capping on tide-induced groundwater fluctuations.
The tide–aquifer interaction datasets were obtained from the Konan groundwater basin (unconfined aquifer) of Japan and the
Dridrate groundwater basin (confined aquifer) of Morocco. The analysis of the results obtained by the sloping beach model
revealed that for a given beach slope, the amplitude of groundwater level increases with an increase in aquifer diffusivity
and a decrease in aquifer thickness. However, no significant effect of beach slope was observed in this study at unconfined
sites for all the datasets. The influence of tidal loading was found to be considerably less for all the three confined sites.
Further, the analysis of the results of the leakage model indicated that with an increase in leakage into the aquifer, the
amplitude of groundwater level as well as the phase shift (time lag) decreases. Of all the confined and unconfined datasets,
only two confined sites were found to be affected by outlet capping. Overall, it is concluded that the coastal beach bordering
the Konan basin is not significantly sloping, the contribution of tidal loading to tide-induced groundwater fluctuations in
the Dridrate aquifer is not appreciable, and that the aquifer leakage and outlet capping do not exist at the unconfined sites
under investigation. 相似文献
14.
Groundwater flow in a peninsula or an elongated island is influenced by tidal fluctuations on both sides of the peninsula or island, which is named as dual tidal fluctuations. In this study, semianalytical solutions of transient groundwater flow in response to dual tidal fluctuations in an aquifer–aquitard system were presented for cases with and without the aquitard storage. These solutions were first derived using the Laplace transform and subsequently computed by the Fourier series numerical inverse Laplace transform. The derived solutions were found to agree very well with the results of numerical simulations by MODFLOW. The solution ignoring the aquitard storage approached the quasi‐steady state solution quickly when the mean sea level initial condition was used. The solutions with and without the aquitard storage were nearly the same at the early time and were separated from each other during the intermediate time, and the difference of solutions became constant at late time for small aquifer/aquitard storativity ratio and large tidal frequency. The propagation bias, which is the departure from the theoretical ratio of tidal attenuation to tidal lag, was enhanced not only with increase of the dimensionless specific leakage (aquitard/aquifer hydraulic conductance ratio) but also with decrease of the aquifer/aquitard storativity ratio and with the increase of the dimensionless tidal frequency. The solution with the aquitard storage was more sensitive to these three parameters. The newly developed solutions were capable of handling realistic initial conditions that might be approximated by piecewise linear functions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
An analysis method for transient groundwater flow during slug tests performed in vertical cutoff walls is presented. The analytical solution for evaluating hydraulic conductivity of vertical cutoff walls is derived by applying the method of images to the previously developed analytical solution that is exclusively applicable to an infinite aquifer. Two distinct boundary conditions are considered to account for the configuration of the vertical cutoff wall: the wall‐soil formation interfaces with or without the existence of filter cakes, that is, constant‐head boundary and no‐flux boundary conditions. A series of type curves is constructed from the analytical solution and compared with those of a partially penetrated well within an aquifer. The constant‐head boundary condition provides faster hydraulic head recovery than the aquifer case. On the other hand, the no‐flux boundary condition leads to a delayed hydraulic head recovery. The greater the shape factor and well offset from the center of the cutoff wall, and the smaller the width of the cutoff wall, the greater the effect of the boundary condition observed in the type curves. This result shows the significance of considering proper boundary conditions at the vertical cutoff wall in analyzing slug tests. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
利用岸边水头动态确定含水层在临海方向上的边界 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
本文建立了潮汐效率与越流共同作用条件下承压水头动态的数学模型.利用复变函数的基本原理,考虑到地下水流动的连续性,推导出了相应的承压水头动态公式.以此动态公式为基础,提出了直接利用承压水头的潮汐动态来确定延伸到海底的含水层长度(边界条件)的计算方法.最后结合广西北海市的地下水头长观资料,对上述方法进行了应用和分析研究. 相似文献