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抑制型离子色谱法同时测定水中锂和锶 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对离子色谱法测定水中的锂、锶含量及其影响因素进行了研究。以甲烷磺酸为流动相，用IonPacCS12A阳离子色谱柱分离后，电导检测器同时测定矿泉水中锂和锶，其检出限分别为0．003mg／L和0．006mg／L。对Li^＋和Sr^2＋的离子色谱条件进行了优化，并对流动相的选择及干扰离子的影响进行了讨论。 相似文献
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ZHANG Yanling XIAO Yingkai MA Yunqi ZHUGE Qin LIU Zhiqi HE Maoyong LUO Chongguang MA Haizhou 《中国地球化学学报》2013,32(2):203-211
The procedures of sample preparation for isotopic determination of boron in clay sediments is very cumbersome, by far, there haven’t been relevant reports on that. In order to establish an effective method for sample preparation, a series of experiments were carried out. In this paper, boron in clay sediments was extracted with HCl solution and purified by two-step ion exchange method. Extracted HCl solution should be adjusted to alkalescency before passing through the Amberlite IRA 743 resin column due to the fact that Amberlite IRA 743 resin absorbs boron only from alkalescent solution. However, a mass of hydroxides of Al and Fe will be precipitated when the extracted HCl solution becomes alkalescent. Hydroxides of Al and Fe have a strong adsorption capacity for boron, which can cause boron isotope fractionation. To treat precipitated hydroxides of Al and Fe, four procedures, namely direct ion exchange (DRIE), decationizing ion exchange (DCIE), once sedimentation ion exchange (OSIE) and repeated sedimentation ion exchange (RSIE) were used and assessed. The influences of the four procedures on separation and extraction and isotopic composition of boron in experimental solutions and clay sediments were also discussed. According to the results, the DRIE, DCIE and OSIE are improper. The result of sample determination indicates that when extracting boron via RSIE, with the increase of precipitation times, there’s an obvious decrease in boron content in the precipitated hydroxides while a sharp increase in recovery of boron and it is favorable for weakening the influence of boron isotope fractionation. But the process of RSIE is time consuming and it may introduce boron. It needs further research to establish a more effective sample preparation method for isotopic deter- mination of boron in clay sediments. 相似文献
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Results are presented for gallium in six South African primary rock standards (NIMROCS) and in twelve secondary rock standards (SAROCS). A selective ion exchange procedure is used to separate gallium completely from all other elements, except remaining traces of thorium. It is followed by a determination of gallium with flame atomic absorption spectrometry using the nitrous oxide-acetylene flame, after the addition of 2000 ppm lanthanum as ionization suppressor. 相似文献
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氟是磷灰石的重要化学组成之一[1]。磷块岩和磷灰石中氟的测定,对磷灰石类型的鉴定和磷块岩的成因研究有重要意义。目前,氟的测定方法广泛地采用酸、碱溶(融)样,用蒸馏法进行元素分离[2,3,4]。近十几年来,由于离子选择电极法操作方便,被广泛地应用于各种类型物质中氟的测定[5]。离子交换剂可以用来分解某些难溶性的天然和合成材料,但是至今这个方法还未得到广泛地应用。 相似文献
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R. Kh. Khamizov N. A. Tikhonov A. N. Krachak A. N. Gruzdeva N. S. Vlasovskikh 《Geochemistry International》2016,54(13):1221-1235
The physical and mathematical models were used to study the method of acid retardation for separating acids from their salts in concentrated multicomponent solutions using nanoporous sorption materials. A combined mechanism of separation relies on the fact that in the sorption phase having a low dielectric permittivity, smaller-sized acid particles, namely, the molecules or strongly bound and weakly hydrated ion pairs, can penetrate the nanopores and are retained within these pores due to molecular sorption or competitive solvation forces. The dissolved salts presented by highly hydrated ions or weakly bound ion pairs can easily pass through the porous medium with a flow of concentrated solution, which is pumped through the column packed with the granulated bed of gel-type ion exchange resins or hypercrosslinked polymers. In conventional cyclic AR processes, purified acid is desorbed by water according to the mechanism of competitive solvation. However, such processes can be successfully used only when the salts separated from acids are highly soluble, as is the case with chloride and nitrate solutions free of components that may form compounds insoluble in neutral medium. At the separation in real sulfate and phosphate media, which normally contain alkaline earth metals and other components, conventional AR- based technologies proved to be unsuccessful. The new modified version of acid retardation is based on the previously discovered effect of stabilization of colloidal systems and supersaturated solutions in porous ion exchange media. A distinctive feature of the proposed technique is the use of weakly acidic aqueous solutions, instead of water, at the stages of acid displace in the cyclic AR processes. The proposed technique of WPA purification using strong-base gel-type ion exchangers in the phosphate form opens up the possibility of stable and feasible processes of acid separation and purification with simultaneous extraction of valuable components, e.g., REE concentrate. 相似文献
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铀(Ⅵ)—铬天青S与高分子胺胶束增溶剂形成三元络合物后,其灵敏度大大提高,但选择性较差,不易推广。本试验对铀(Ⅵ)—铬无青S—十六烷基三甲基溴化胺体系进行较详细的研究,试验了形成络合物的最佳条件,共存元素的干扰及其消除方法。实验部分 相似文献
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The Jordanian chabazite-phillipsite tuff and faujasite-phillipsite tuff have suitable mineralogical and technical properties that enable them to be used for ion-exchange processes. These include suitable grain size and total cation exchange capacity, acceptable zeolite content, good attrition resistance and high packed-bed density. The chabazite-phillipsite tuff (ZE1 and ZE2) has an excellent efficiency to remove Pb and an acceptable efficiency to remove Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni from effluent wastewater of a battery factory and other industries. The faujasite-phillipsite tuff (ZE3) is 6.97 times more efficient than the ZE1 and ZE2. A bed of ZE3 (1,000 kg) loaded in a 1.17-m3 column is capable of cleaning about 2,456 m3 of the effluent from the factory at a cost of US $200/ton. The wastewater is contaminated with 20 ppm Pb in the presence of competing ions including Ca (210 ppm), Na (1,950 ppm) and Fe (169 ppm). This quantity of wastewater is equivalent to 120 working days of effluent discharge from the factory at a flow rate of 20 m3/day. 相似文献
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The environmental risk posed by small dumps of complex arsenic,antimony, nickel and cobalt sulphides
Mine waste dumps sited in the vicinity of mine workings typically consist of fragmented rock masses which in chemical terms may be defined as "complex systems", due to uncertainties in accurately simulating their behaviour, when water or aqueous solutions percolate through them. Remediation of the contamination problems created by abandoned mine dumps concerns many former mining areas from Europe to Africa. These dumps usually range in size from a few hundred thousand up to million cubic meters of rock defined as “waste” but which still contain significant amounts of potentially toxic elements. Although relatively small, they are often densely distributed in the territory impacting on surface and ground-water. This scenario is particularly applicable to the region of Sardinia, Italy, where several small dumps of uncommon sulphide minerals still exist on derelict mine sites. This paper reports on the results of a research project aimed at defining appropriate remedial measures of acid rock drainage. A dump of a Co–Ni–As–Sb complex sulphides mine was investigated and simulated in a laboratory leaching column. The column was irrigated with distilled water and a repetitive behaviour of the polluting elements concentrations in the effluents was observed for each run. Regardless of the campaign duration and the extent of the intervals between tests metal ions concentration peaks (250–50 ppm for Ni, 35–20 ppm for Co, 1.6–0.4 ppm for As, 20–15 ppm for Zn and 0.03–0.002 ppm for Sb) and acidic conditions (pH 2.5–3.5), on resumption of each irrigation, was noticed. As percolation continued, the ion concentrations decreased within the discharge limits after the replacement of only two pore volumes of the column material. This produces the conception that a sufficiently long rainfall period could remediate the polluting effects. Conception contradicted by field experiences: sporadic rainfall events, typical of the region, are not sufficient to completely leach out the metal ions. The repetitive nature of the leaching processes, both quantitatively and qualitatively, can be explained only by the activity of a microflora thriving in the rock mass even during long dry periods. Microbial tests and neutralisation campaigns confirmed this hypothesis and suggested that any effective remediation strategy must take into consideration the interaction between environmental factors with microbiological activities. 相似文献
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利用谱睿(Pre)技术超大体积进样抑制型电导离子色谱法检测超纯水中ng/L级阴离子 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用谱睿(Pre)自动样品前处理技术,10 mL超大体积进样,对超纯水样品进行在线预浓缩,检测了电厂水中ng/L级的超痕量阴离子。选择的离子色谱条件为:高容量氢氧化物选择性IonPac AS18阴离子交换色谱柱,淋洗液发生装置在线产生氢氧化钾进行梯度淋洗,抑制型电导检测。该方法选用的自动在线水纯化装置CIRA可以将电导池流出的"废液"进行在线纯化,纯化后的高纯去离子水作为载体将十通阀上大定量环中的样品冲入到六通阀上的超低压浓缩柱上,最后运用阀切换技术实现进样。在提供稳定的系统空白的同时,该方法还具备自动化程度高、操作简单、重现性好、灵敏度高、系统稳定、节约时间、成本低廉等多方面特点。方法参数为:对于电厂水样品,常见阴离子的检出限(s/N=3)均低于2 ng/L,线性相关系数均大于0.999,方法精密度(RSD,n=10)为1.151%~3.347%。经中、日、韩、泰、美等多个实验室共同验证,该方法可靠实用,可以应用于火电厂和核电厂超纯水中阴离子的检测。 相似文献
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化探样中的痕量银和镉(0.0xppm)不经分离直接用无火焰原子吸收法测定银和镉是困难的。宫本益夫曾用dowex 1×8阴离子树脂分离和富集电解铜中的银;辽宁地质局中心实验室曾用717阴离子树脂分离和富集化探样中的镉,F.Bea.Barredo和c.Polo polo曾用dowex1×8阴离子树 相似文献
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Chemical and mineralogical studies of fresh and hydrothermally altered rhyolitic material in Upper and Lower Geyser Basins, Yellowstone National Park, show that all the altered rocks are enriched in Cs and that Cs is selectively concentrated in analcime. The Cs content of unaltered rhyolite lava flows, including those from which the altered sediments are derived, ranges from 2.5 to 7.6 ppm. The Cs content of analcime-bearing altered sedimentary rocks is as high as 3000 ppm, and in clinoptilolite-bearing altered sedimentary rocks Cs content is as high as 180 ppm. Altered rhyolite lava flows which were initially vitrophyres, now contain up to 250 ppm Cs, and those which were crystallized prior to hydrothermal alteration contain up to 14 ppm. Mineral concentrates of analcime contain as much as 4700 ppm Cs. The Cs must have been incorporated into the analcime structure during crystallization, rather than by later cation substitution, because analcime does not readily exchange Cs. The of the fluids circulating through the hydrothermal system varies, suggesting that Cs is not always a conservative ion and that Cs is lost from upflowing thermal waters due to water-rock interaction resulting in crystallization of Cs-bearing analcime.The source of Cs for Cs enrichment of the altered rocks is from leaching of rhyolitic rocks underlying the geyser basins, and from the top of the silicic magma chamber that underlies the area.Analcime is an important natural Cs sink, and the high Cs concentrations reported here may prove to be an important indicator of the environment of analcime crystallization. 相似文献
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离子色谱分析中的样品预处理 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
总结了几种常用于离子色谱分析的样品预处理方法,其中包括流动相改性,气化分离法,离子交换法,膜技术,溶剂萃取,超临界流体萃取,固相萃取以及柱前和柱后衍生。引用主要参考文献１０篇。 相似文献
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R. Rangarajan D. Muralidharan Subash Chandra D. V. Reddy Rolland Andrade Shakeel Ahmad 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2014,83(6):681-687
An attempt is made to identify and delineate the groundwater flow direction and rate in a fractured hard rock aquifer in Maheshwaram granite watershed in Andhra Pradesh using multiple tracers such as bromide, iodide and rhodamine-B under both natural and induced conditions. A main well in the center and three observation wells at 25 m in north-northwest, southeast and southwest directions respectively were constructed based on 222Rn anomalies and 4He measurements. Streaming potential survey was also carried out in the area before, during and after pumping test. The tracer tests indicated preferential groundwater flow in N-S direction. The groundwater flow velocity estimated based on arrival of tracer under natural and induced conditions are 0.52 m/d and 375 m/d respectively. 相似文献
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Ultra-trace (<1 ppm) amounts of thorium in NIM-D and NIM-P geochemical reference materials are determined by the technique of cation exchange chromatography - spark source mass spectrography. After dissolution, thorium is selectively separated from all other elements on a column of AG50W-X4 resin. The thorium eluate is concentrated and evaporated onto silver powder together with 1 000 ng of uranium which serves as the internal standard. Mass spectrographic analysis of this spiked silver powder is carried out with a spark source mass spectrograph. 相似文献