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1.
基于情景分析的天津市滨海新区地面沉降预测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鉴于地面沉降演化的地质系统渐变性特征,从主要致灾因子考虑建立地面沉降数值模型。设计3种地下水开采情景,编译计算机程序预测地下水位动态变化过程中的地面沉降值。至2020年,在最不利、适中和最理想3种情景下天津市滨海新区最大累计沉降量分别达640 mm、520 mm和150mm;全区平均累计沉降量分别达268 mm、177 mm和95 mm。 相似文献
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天津市地面沉降数值模拟研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
地面沉降是天津市的主要环境地质问题。造成天津市地面沉降的原因很多,但主要原因是大量开采地下水。本文重点研究开采地下水条件下的地面沉降数学模型及模拟,为控制地面沉降提供科学依据。通过对第四系的水文地质条件分析,建立第四系的水文地质概念模型和地层压缩概念模型,并建立相应的准三维水流数学模型和一维地层压缩数学模型,两者通过含水层水头和弱透水层粘性土中孔隙水头的内在联系耦合在一起。利用以往系列水位数据和沉降数据对模型进行标定,模型基本上反映了天津市地面沉降的实际情况。 相似文献
3.
Huili Gong Yun Pan Longqun Zheng Xiaojuan Li Lin Zhu Chong Zhang Zhiyong Huang Zhiping Li Haigang Wang Chaofan Zhou 《Hydrogeology Journal》2018,26(5):1417-1427
The North China Plain (NCP) has been suffering from groundwater storage (GWS) depletion and land subsidence for a long period. This paper collects data on GWS changes and land subsidence from in situ groundwater-level measurements, literature, and satellite observations to provide an overview of the evolution of the aquifer system during 1971–2015 with a focus on the sub-regional variations. It is found that the GWS showed a prolonged declining rate of ?17.8?±?0.1 mm/yr during 1971–2015, with a negative correlation to groundwater abstraction before year ~2000 and a positive correlation after ~2000. Statistical correlations between subsidence rate and the GWS anomaly (GWSA), groundwater abstraction, and annual precipitation show that the land subsidence in three sub-regions (Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei) represents different temporal variations due to varying driver factors. Continuous drought caused intensive GWS depletion (?76.1?±?6.5 mm/yr) and land subsidence in Beijing during 1999–2012. Negative correlations between total groundwater abstraction and land subsidence exhibited after the 1980s indicate that it may be questionable to infer subsidence from regional abstraction data. Instead, the GWSA generally provides a reliable correlation with subsidence. This study highlights the spatio-temporal variabilities of GWS depletion and land subsidence in the NCP under natural and anthropogenic impacts, and the importance of GWS changes for understanding land subsidence development. 相似文献
4.
Hasanuddin Z. Abidin I. Gumilar H. Andreas D. Murdohardono Y. Fukuda 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(6):1545-1553
The Bandung Basin is a large intra-montane basin surrounded by volcanic highlands, in western Java, Indonesia, inhabited by more than seven million people. The basin, an area of about 2,300 km2, is a highland plateau at approximately 650–700 m above sea level and is surrounded by up to 2,400 m high Late Tertiary and Quaternary volcanic terrain. Based on the results of nine GPS surveys conducted since 2000 up to 2011, it was shown that several locations in the Bandung Basin have experienced land subsidence, with an average rate of about ?8 cm/year and can go up to about ?23 cm/year in certain locations. A hypothesis has been proposed by several studies that land subsidence observed in several locations in the Bandung Basin has been caused mainly by excessive groundwater extraction. It is found that there is a strong correlation between the rates of groundwater level lowering with the GPS-derived rates of land subsidence in several locations in Bandung Basin. The GPS results in this study detected significant subsidence in the textile industry area, where very large volumes of groundwater are usually extracted. The impact of land subsidence in Bandung can be seen in several forms, mainly in the cracking and damage of houses, buildings and infrastructure. Land subsidence also aggravates the flooding in Bandung Basin, which has brought huge economic losses and deteriorated the quality of life and environment in the affected areas. 相似文献
5.
天津市地下水流-地面沉降耦合模型 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
天津市平原区地面沉降主要由地下水大量开采引起,影响范围广、危害大,已成为天津市主要的环境地质问题。分析了研究区的水文地质条件,结合地下水开发利用状况,将研究区概化为6个含水层组,地下水流考虑三维非稳定流,地面沉降选用一维固结压缩模型,运用地下水流模型Modflow 2005和地面沉降模拟模块 Sub,建立了天津市平原区地下水流-地面沉降数值耦合模型,模型面积为1.1×104 km2,利用1998-2008年地下水位等值线、过程线、地面沉降过程线等资料对模型进行了识别。模拟期的地下水均衡分析表明,在多年开采条件下,越流补给、压缩释水、侧向边界流入分别占深层含水层补给量的41.84％、32.15％和24.17％。将调试后的模型应用于南水北调实施后地下水控采条件下的地面沉降趋势预测,显示出停采或减少地下水的开采,有利于减缓地面沉降下降速度,且表现出开采层位越往下,地面沉降恢复难度越大的变化趋势。 相似文献
6.
Shujun Ye Yue Luo Jichun Wu Xuexin Yan Hanmei Wang Xun Jiao Pietro Teatini 《Hydrogeology Journal》2016,24(3):695-709
Shanghai, in China, has experienced two periods of rapid land subsidence mainly caused by groundwater exploitation related to economic and population growth. The first period occurred during 1956–1965 and was characterized by an average land subsidence rate of 83 mm/yr, and the second period occurred during 1990–1998 with an average subsidence rate of 16 mm/yr. Owing to the establishment of monitoring networks for groundwater levels and land subsidence, a valuable dataset has been collected since the 1960s and used to develop regional land subsidence models applied to manage groundwater resources and mitigate land subsidence. The previous geomechanical modeling approaches to simulate land subsidence were based on one-dimensional (1D) vertical stress and deformation. In this study, a numerical model of land subsidence is developed to simulate explicitly coupled three-dimensional (3D) groundwater flow and 3D aquifer-system displacements in downtown Shanghai from 30 December 1979 to 30 December 1995. The model is calibrated using piezometric, geodetic-leveling, and borehole extensometer measurements made during the 16-year simulation period. The 3D model satisfactorily reproduces the measured piezometric and deformation observations. For the first time, the capability exists to provide some preliminary estimations on the horizontal displacement field associated with the well-known land subsidence in Shanghai and for which no measurements are available. The simulated horizontal displacements peak at 11 mm, i.e. less than 10 % of the simulated maximum land subsidence, and seems too small to seriously damage infrastructure such as the subways (metro lines) in the center area of Shanghai. 相似文献
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根据深层地下水开采对地面沉降的影响比较,天津中部平原和滨海平原第二、三含水层组深层地下水开采对地面沉降影响较小,为适宜开采层位。地面沉降控制在10 mm/a,第二、三含水层组深层地下水可开采量为2.68亿m3/a。中部平原浅层地下淡水、微咸水,在技术经济上鼓励开采,可开采量为1.64亿m3/a;山前平原地下水现状开采强度未引起明显的环境地质问题,开采强度适当,可开采量为2.79亿m3/a。天津平原生态环境保持良好,地下水总的可开采量为7.11亿m3/a。 相似文献
9.
天津滨海新区地面沉降层位的精准识别与沉降过程重建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塘沽地区地面沉降是新生代松散沉积物多层位沉降叠加的结果,精准识别各层位的沉降贡献是该区地面沉降防控的关键。利用塘沽G2地面沉降分层标组2011—2014年观测数据,对新生代沉积物不同层位的地面沉降进行了精准识别;结合以前的分层标观测资料,重建了1960年以来不同层位的地面沉降过程。结果显示,在1960—1970年地下水开发初期,地面沉降主要层位是浅部粘性土自然固结和第二含水组地下水开采;1970—1980年深层地下水开采高峰期,主沉降层位由二组逐渐加深到三、四组;1985年以后实施了地面沉降控制措施后,第四系地下水开采引起的地面沉降逐渐减小;2000年之后,随着滨海新区的成立和大规模的城市建设,城市建设引起的建筑基础沉降逐渐成为主要的沉降层。通过对不同时期主要地面沉降层位的转换过程分析,提出地面沉降精准防治新思路。 相似文献
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An effective microwave Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) technique was used to rapidly assess the potential land subsidence with high precision by exploiting the phase difference of two temporally separated SAR data in the region of Kolkata city, India. The objective of this study is to assess land subsidence using D-InSAR technique and to delineate the regions of land subsidence caused by over exploitation of groundwater by minimising the errors by applying topographic and atmospheric corrections. The study area forms a part of Indo-Gangetic plain. Three ENVISAT Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar ?(ASAR) images of the years 2003, 2007 and 2010 were acquired to study the temporal evolution of land subsidence in the study area. The phase changes due to topography in the interferograms were removed by using Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) degital elevation model data. Medium Spectral Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) data were applied to remove the atmospheric noise in the interferogram. The deformation fringes were observed in the northern and central part of the study area where the land subsidence was 12 and 18 mm during the years of 2003–2007 and 2007–2010. The regional variation in the piezometric head compares well with the fringes of the interferogram. This confirms over extraction of groundwater is the main cause for land subsidence in this region. Hence, it is necessary to reduce groundwater pumping and to augment rainfall recharge in northern part of the study area. 相似文献
12.
济宁市地下水与地面沉降三维有限元模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在分析济宁市水文地质条件的基础上 ,对引起地面沉降诸因素进行了分析 ,并建立了地面沉降量与地下水位变幅之间的相关关系。集中过量开采地下水是引起济宁市地面沉降的主要原因。在此基础上 ,建立了准三维地下水流模型和一维地面沉降模型。通过水力联系建立地下水与地面沉降耦合数值模型 ,运用有限元法对地下水渗流场和地面沉降量进行模拟 ,并对 2 0 0 0年和 2 0 10年地面沉降进行了预测 相似文献
13.
Brian D. Conway 《Hydrogeology Journal》2016,24(3):649-655
Land subsidence due to groundwater overdraft has been an ongoing problem in south-central and southern Arizona (USA) since the 1940s. The first earth fissure attributed to excessive groundwater withdrawal was discovered in the early 1950s near Picacho. In some areas of the state, groundwater-level declines of more than 150 m have resulted in extensive land subsidence and earth fissuring. Land subsidence in excess of 5.7 m has been documented in both western metropolitan Phoenix and Eloy. The Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR) has been monitoring land subsidence since 2002 using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and since 1998 using a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The ADWR InSAR program has identified more than 25 individual land subsidence features that cover an area of more than 7,300 km2. Using InSAR data in conjunction with groundwater-level datasets, ADWR is able to monitor land subsidence areas as well as identify areas that may require additional monitoring. One area of particular concern is the Willcox groundwater basin in southeastern Arizona, which is the focus of this paper. The area is experiencing rapid groundwater declines, as much as 32.1 m during 2005–2014 (the largest land subsidence rate in Arizona State—up to 12 cm/year), and a large number of earth fissures. The declining groundwater levels in Arizona are a challenge for both future groundwater availability and mitigating land subsidence associated with these declines. ADWR’s InSAR program will continue to be a critical tool for monitoring land subsidence due to excessive groundwater withdrawal. 相似文献
14.
Extraction algorithm of mining subsidence information on water area based on support vector machine 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Information on subsidence in a water area caused by mining has a great value on the research of the mining subsidence law of a mining area with a high groundwater level in Eastern China. Based on the measured data of the subsidence area without water, the data extraction of subsidence in a water area is studied in this paper, with a support vector machine, as subsidence in such an area is difficult to measure. Research shows that the training sample number and dimension should be strengthened by increasing the measuring times or using the interpolation method to obtain ideal prediction accuracy. The ε-Support Vector Regression model with three parameters optimized by the genetic algorithm or the particle swarm optimization algorithm is suitable to extract subsidence information in a water area caused by mining, and the algorithm is accomplished on Matlab. Data analysis showed that when the water is deeper than 1.8 m and the distance is over 60 m from the measured points, the prediction error of test samples will exceed 10 % out of all measured results, meaning that practicability is relatively poor; while water depth is <0.8 m or the distance is lower than 60 m from the measured points, the prediction error of test samples will be calculated to <5 % of the measured results, the prediction results can be used. 相似文献
15.
天津市地面沉降的特征及其危害 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
天津是我国北方地面沉降最严重的城市之一,40余年的持续沉降不仅直接造成对安全高程、市政基础设施、房屋等建筑物的破坏,而且还通过安全高程的损失加剧了其他自然灾害的发生,使社会经济遭受严重损失.正确认识天津市地面沉降的特点及其危害,有利于控沉部门制定科学而有效的地面沉降减灾防灾政策和措施.基于对地面沉降所造成的危害分析和阐述,认为不合理开发地下流体资源是导致天津市地面沉降的主要原因,并提出相应预防和治理地面沉降的对策. 相似文献
16.
Suzhou is located at the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in southeastern Jiangsu, China. It is part of the Su-Xi-Chang area including Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. As one of the most developed areas in China, this region has suffered from severe land subsidence caused by extensive groundwater exploitation since 1980s. The land subsidence was controlled by prohibition of groundwater exploration in the past several years. However, the surface water pollution prompted a new task of how to sustainably utilize the groundwater resource, especially to satisfy the emergency demands of water supply. In this paper, we took Suzhou as a representative case to discuss how to develop groundwater resources while controlling the land subsidence. The relationship between the deformation and the groundwater level was analyzed, with focus on the deformation features after the period of groundwater exploitation ban. The results confirmed the conclusion by Shi et al. (2007, 2008a): even in the period of rising groundwater level, same units may manifest different deformation characteristics, such as elasticity, elasto-plasticity, and visco-elasto-plasticity, at different locations of the cone of depression. A land subsidence model that couples a 3-D groundwater model and a 1-D deformation model was developed to simulate the groundwater level and deformation. A high-resolution local grid (child model) for Suzhou was built based on the regional land subsidence model of Su-Xi-Chang area by Wu et al. (2009). The model was used for a number of predictive scenarios up to the year of 2012 to examine how to develop sustainable use of groundwater resources under the conditions of land subsidence control. Our results indicated that about 3.08 × 107 m3/a groundwater could be provided as emergency and standby water source while meeting the land subsidence control target of 10 mm/a. 相似文献
17.
采水地面沉降时空预测模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地下水开采引起的地面沉降对地面建（构）筑物的正常使用和结构安全构成了严重威胁,深入研究采水地面沉降预测理论对于沉降灾害防治具有重要意义。针对本构模型和土体参数确定上的困难,采用力学推理和数学统计相结合的方法,建立了新的采水地面沉降时空预测模型。首先,利用太沙基固结微分方程,建立了反映地面沉降时间效应的半经验计算模型;其次,在分析采水地面沉降空间分布规律的基础上,利用随机介质理论研究了采水地面沉降空间分布特征;再次,综合考虑采水地面沉降的时间效应和空间分布形态,建立了采水地面沉降的时空预测模型。利用该模型计算地面沉降共需4个计算参数,介绍了参数求解方法。最后,利用时空计算模型预测了某地单井采水引起地面沉降的时空规律。研究表明,所建立的采水地面沉降预测模型能准确地反映采水地面沉降的时空规律,能方便、快捷地预测地下水开采引起的地面沉降。 相似文献
18.
天津市地下水开采对地面沉降影响的多元回归分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地下水的过量开采是天津市引起地面沉降的主要原因。因此天津市提出了“压缩地下水开采量”、“地下水人工回灌”、“调整地下水开采层次”等控制地面沉降的3大技术措施。经过多年的努力,控制地面沉降效果明显。如何解决地下水开发与控制地面沉降的关系,更好的贯彻这3大技术措施,是该文编写的初衷。即在开采同样地下水量的情况下,如何使地面沉降量最小;或在地面沉降量容许的情况下,如何开采最大量的地下水。压缩地下水开采量是治理地面沉降的根本措施,亦即如何压缩采水量或调整开采层次会达到最好效果。论文对天津市某区各个地下水开采层的多年累计开采量、累计沉降量进行数据统计分析,建立了该地区累计沉降量及各个地下水开采层的多元相关方程。在此基础上,分析了各个地下水开采层对地面沉降影响的相关程度。以此为该区控制地面沉降的提供依据。 相似文献
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唐山沿海地区经济在迅速发展,沿海地区城市化规模在扩大,地下水开采量增大,地面沉降加剧.文中分析了唐山沿海地区的水文地质条件,概化为3个含水层、3个弱透水层,共6个压缩层.建立了三维地下水流和垂向一维压缩完全耦合模型.采用25a的观测资料校正模型,计算值与实测值拟合较好,模型具有较高的仿真性和适用性.预测了10a末的地面沉降;当地下水以现有开采量开采时,沉降中心累计达1192.3mm, 10a沉降352.3mm,沉降速率为35.23mma-1;当地下水的开采量在现有开采量的基础上增加10%时,沉降中心累计达1260.8mm, 10a沉降420.8mm,沉降速率为42.08mma-1; 当地下水的开采量在现有开采量的基础上减小10%时,沉降中心累计达1088.7mm, 10a沉降247.9mm,沉降速率为24.79mma-1.增大10%的地下水开采量, 10a地面沉降量增加68.5mm;减少10%的地下水开采量, 10a地面沉降量减少104.4mm.因此,控制地下水开采量是控制地面沉降的有效方法. 相似文献