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1.
广东黎水地下河开发利用研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
杨群兴 《水文地质工程地质》2006,33(3):45-48,52
黎水地下河开发工程方案充分利用了地下河流域的区域地质条件、地下河系统特征及水文地质条件等,有效地提高了地下河流域水资源的利用率,且产生了明显的社会、经济和生态环境效益.其成功经验具因地制宜、开发形式多样、一次性投资、见效快及效益高等特点,可为同类或相近类型岩溶流域更好地利用岩溶水资源、弥补地下河时空分布的差异性、解决岩溶石山地区干旱缺水问题提供经验. 相似文献
2.
The paper presents the main conclusions from an in-depth study of the local economic, social and environmental impacts of Lancaster University in 1991/92. The likely impacts of further expansion at the University through to the year 2001 are explored. Lancaster University is revealed as having major environmental and social impacts as well as the more widely researched employment and income multiplier effects. Lessons are drawn from the Lancaster University experience which are likely to be of a general nature and can assist other universities seeking to maximise their local benefits and minimise their local cost impacts. The local impacts of universities are likely to need much more careful management than has occurred in the past if detrimental effects are to be avoided. 相似文献
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Developing ecotourism in First World, resource-dependent areas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Deborah Che 《Geoforum》2006,37(2):212-226
Ecotourism, an economic diversification tool most commonly applied in the Third World as a means to protect ecosystems, preserve local cultures, and spur economic development, has recently been applied in First World resource-dependent areas. While ecotourism has traditionally focused on Third World ‘undisturbed’ protected lands, it has also been developed in their First World equivalents (i.e., old-growth forests) as well as in First World sites of past resource extraction and in places where current agricultural practices maintain cherished cultural landscapes. Forest County, Pennsylvania, a timber-dependent area, sought to diversify its economy by developing ecotourism based on its unique Allegheny hardwood forests, which are produced by timber harvesting. This ecotourism would encourage amenity-based, locally-driven economic development and maintain timber harvesting. While government and foundation supported ecotourism development efforts in areas dependent on resource extraction have incorporated some of ecotourism’s ideals, these operations have had mixed success. Such isolated areas, which have traditionally drawn visitors independently engaging in traditional outdoor recreation activities, have not been able to draw enough customers willing to pay for natural and cultural history tours. If ecotourism is to be successful, such areas may need further government support and destination branding to increase name recognition in order to counter the global orientation of the nature tour industry. For true community development, local collaborative efforts including resource and environmental interests are also required in which primary production is connected to processing and consumers through value-added and service sector activities such as tourism. 相似文献
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大庆油田肇35区块葡萄花油层沉积微相分布演化规律及有利相带预测 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
肇35区块是大庆宋芳屯油田新开发的区块,葡萄花油层为主力勘探层位。综合各类地质数据及沉积相分析,认为研究区主要发育三角洲前缘和浅湖两种沉积相类型,进一步划分为水下分流河道、河口坝、席状砂、水下分流间湾和浅湖泥岩等微相类型,建立了相应的测井相模板。垂向上,河口坝在葡上段较发育,砂岩分选较好,PI2小层为主要含油层位;水下分流河道在葡下段发育良好,PI51、PI52和PI7小层为主要含油层位。平面上,研究区主要以西北部和北部物源为主,砂体呈现西北厚、东南薄的分布特点。水下分流河道呈树枝状交叉合并,规模较大,沿河道延伸方向连续性好;河道末端及两侧发育片状、席状砂,厚度较薄,连续性好;河口坝砂体主要分布在河道末端,呈透镜状展布,规模较小。结合各沉积微相含油性、物性特征分析,在研究区预测了3类有利相带,其中水下分流河道砂体为Ⅰ类有利相带区,在研究区分布面积较大;河口坝砂体为Ⅱ类有利相带区,在研究区分布面积较小且分散;席状砂为Ⅲ类有利相带区,仅在研究区南部发育。 相似文献
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浅层地温能资源地质勘查评价体系探讨——以北京平原区浅层地温能资源地质勘查为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
浅层地温能资源作为一种可再生、环保、清洁,储量巨大的新型能源资源,逐渐被人们认识、接受和重视。在北京许多地区合理开发利用浅层地温能资源已经取得了较好的经济．社会和环境效益。根据北京平原区地质条件和浅层地温能资源开发利用实际情况,从可持续开发利用与环境保护角度出发,对北京平原区浅层地温能资源的地质勘查评价进行了初步总结,提出地质调查一开发利用方式适宜性区划一资源评价一效益评价一开发利用对地质环境影响监测一信息管理评价体系。 相似文献
6.
Locating benefits: Decision-spaces, resource access and equity in US community-based forestry 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Melanie Hughes McDermott 《Geoforum》2009,40(2):249-259
In the US, the Ford Foundation’s Community-based Forestry Demonstration Program (2000-2005) promoted an internationally prominent model of community forestry centered on the simultaneous, balanced pursuit of ecological, economic and social goals (often symbolized as the “three-legged stool,” or “triple bottom line”). This paper develops an alternative framework for analysis that emphasizes the causal precedence of shifts in power relations, specifically the devolution of resource access and decision-making authority, rather than environmental, social and economic outcomes. These outcomes are not necessarily beneficial, and any benefits realized seldom occur simultaneously. Rather, they can be envisioned as the floors of a house erected sequentially on a foundation of resource access and control. While no universal claim is made, the “house” model proves an apt fit for many community-based forestry initiatives, including the two case studies presented. Who among the differentiated social groups within a community gained access to resources and decision-making influence largely predicted who gained individually. Nonetheless, indirect benefits felt at community and higher scales were significant. The findings further indicate that community forestry generally will not advance social equity unless it specifically targets marginalized groups. Crucially, equity is understood to embrace not only distributional justice, but also capacity-building and empowerment. 相似文献
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露采矿山是江苏的主体矿山，占用并破坏大量的土地资源，资源禁采后，采矿宕口的复垦给土地资源紧缺的江苏带来了增量土地资源的广阔前景，尤其是城市规划区内，土地复垦的环境、社会和经济效益十分显著。在分析全省露采矿山占用与破坏土地资源不同特征的基础上，初步估算全省露采矿山可复垦的土地资源面积及可复垦土地资源类型，并对土地复垦产生的经济、环境和社会效益进行分析评估，为露采矿山环境治理奠定基础。 相似文献
8.
China’s rapid economic growth following the 1978 reforms has resulted in significant economic, social and environmental change. These reforms and their outcomes have been subjected to considerable scrutiny. However, relatively little research has been directed towards the relationship between the changing role of local government, which has itself been subject to substantial restructuring, and the local mediation of the social and environmental impacts of rapid economic growth. This paper investigates the local manifestation of social and environmental change in Zhejiang Province. In particular, it considers the changing role of local government in the regulatory process, and features a case study of Huzhou Municipality. A synthesis of the factual knowledge and perceptions of 48 key-informants from government and public institutions and rural industries is used as the platform for an analysis of the changing nature of local regulation with respect to the provision of key public services (health care and education) and environmental protection (water pollution control). The results reveal the ability of local government to selectively implement national and provincial policies in light of local priorities, which is taken as indicative of the emergence of local agency within local development processes. The case study suggests a need to re-evaluate conventional wisdom on the absence of autonomy at local levels of government in China, particularly as it relates to the continued devolution of administrative responsibility and the emergence of increasingly powerful economic interests. 相似文献
9.
John E. Gordon Hugh F. Barron James D. Hansom Michael F. Thomas 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2012,123(1):1-6
The Conference, ‘Engaging with Geodiversity—Why it Matters’, December 2010, addressed the wider relevance of geodiversity in Scotland. A key challenge is to integrate geodiversity within existing policy relating to the way we work and live, and therefore to inform better the decisions we make about a sustainable future for our environment. This will require partnership working among the geoscience, geoconservation and voluntary sectors at both national and local levels, not only to demonstrate convincingly the economic, social, cultural and environmental values and benefits of geodiversity, but also to deliver real outcomes for both people and nature. The key drivers that provide particular opportunities, as well as challenges, for the integration of geodiversity are the development of an ecosystem approach and how society responds to climate change. Addressing these will be crucial from a geoconservation perspective to develop a wider understanding of the essential environmental role played by geodiversity and for the protection of key sites, both from a policy perspective in delivering economic, social and environmental benefits, and from an academic perspective in ensuring support for geoscience. The key message – that geodiversity matters – must be communicated strongly to the highest levels of government, among key interest groups and at a local community level. 相似文献
10.
招远市具有丰富的黄金及石材等矿产资源,随着多年开采,地质环境破坏日趋严重。近几年,在开发矿产资源的同时,更加注重地质灾害防治与环境保护,通过普及全民地质灾害防治知识、加强对群测群防体系建设的监督、加大对地质灾害资金的筹集,有效改善了矿产生态地质环境,实现了经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的协调发展。 相似文献
11.
搅拌桩内插H型钢(SMW)工法在近年的工程实践中得到了较为广泛的应用,在特殊施工环境条件下选择高压旋喷内插H型钢的方法施工,能取到较好的经济和社会效益。结合上海轨道明珠线的工程,介绍该施工方法的施工工序及控制措施。 相似文献
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北京市固体矿山生态环境现状及修复对策 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目前,北京市固体矿山存在非常严重的生态环境问题,与北京市的发展定位与规划明显不相适应。在对已有研究成果分析总结的基础上,通过查阅大量资料,并现场对矿山、修复示范工程等进行调研,分析了北京市固体矿产资源开发利用情况和生态环境现状,结合相关法律法规,针对北京地区的气候、水文、降雨、土壤、矿山地质条件等特点,制定出矿山生态环境修复的总体原则和具体措施。这对减轻政府负担,实现矿山资源开采与环境保护及可持续发展,建设节约型社会,推动北京市社会和经济发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。同时,我国其他地区的矿山环境问题也十分严重,该研究可为其他地区提供良好的借鉴经验。 相似文献
14.
The island of Korčula, which has an area of 271.47 km2 is located along the north-eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. Due to the Mediterranean climate, size and karst geology its
water resources are very scarce. This paper describes the natural features of the island (air temperature, precipitation,
geology, hydrogeology and groundwater) which are important for the water appearance and its distribution in time and space.
The water supply of the island has been managed in the following ways: through a pipeline from the mainland, by drawing groundwater
and by rain harvesting. Tourism causes high seasonal water needs which are barely met by the existing water supply system.
Therefore, present water resource management on the island must be improved. The paper also presents mathematical programming
scheme to get optimal costs and benefits of water exploitation on the island. Besides economic aspect, linear programming
is applied to social and ecological objectives, as well. This study suggests that island’s water management should be primarily
based on wisely using its proper water resources. 相似文献
15.
测井与井中物探的回顾和展望 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
本文简要地回顾了地矿部系统测井与井中物探近40年来尤其是近10年的发展历程。方法技术方面:采集系统从半自动、全自动模拟记录到数字记录;方法和井下仪器从几种到数十种,并逐步实现了系列化和组合化;刻度技术从无到有。凡此种种,标志着我们已进入数字化阶段。方法应用与软件开发方面:测井已成功地应用于煤田等20多种矿种;井中物探从金属矿扩大到水文、工程和环境地质领域中,并取得了良好的地质效果和经济效益;软件开发从起步到现场操作管理、数据采集、解释成图,以及室内进一步结合CT技术处理、解释、成图成像等。显示出已初步具备了现代钻孔地球物理技术的一些发展特点。最后,对前景作了展望。 相似文献
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美国宾汉姆斑岩铜矿是全球著名矿床,近百年的资源开发、矿石加工和冶炼等生产活动对当地环境和生态系统造成了严重破坏,污染治理成本高昂。此外,矿区还有大量其他矿业公司历史上遗留下的污染物,治污责任纠缠不清。然而依照国家法律、政府,以及企业的社会责任心与发展策略,该区环境污染得到了成功清理和复垦,企业重新走上一条可持续发展之路,产生了显著的环境、社会、监管和经济效益。介绍宾汉姆矿山治理迂回曲折的过程,试图能给中国现有同类矿山、国家相关管理部门带来有益启迪和借鉴。 相似文献
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平邑县高度重视日益突出的矿山地质环境问题,不断加强矿山地质环境保护与治理工作力度,通过推进矿山公园建设、严格采矿权审批程序及开展矿山地质环境治理总体规划等,对保护矿业遗迹、保护矿山地质环境等工作起到积极作用,并取得了较好的社会效益、经济效益和环境效益。 相似文献
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With the increasing demand for coal resources, coal mining has gradually entered into the deep strata of coal seams. Although the increase in mining depth improves energy security, it is associated with severe hazards, especially coal and gas outburst. Protective seam mining is an efficient method for gas control and has been widely used in major coal-producing countries. However, studies on deep ultra-thin protective seam (thickness 0.1–1 m, average thickness 0.5 m) mining and its related problems have been rarely reported. Focusing on the challenges resulting from deep mining (mining depth >1100 m) and the research gap, a coal and gas co-exploitation technique, which combines the gas control technology and green mining (including coal preparation and backfilling), has been proposed in this work. Significant benefits have been achieved in the twelfth coal mine of the Pingdingshan coalfield (study area) following the implementation of this technique. The application of the gas control technology markedly improved the gas drainage efficiency, promoted increased gas utilization, and reduced the greenhouse gas emission, providing notable economic and environmental benefits. In addition, implementation of green mining improved the coal quality, relieved the burden of the transport system, and, in particular, effectively prevented surface subsidence, thus protecting the ecological environment of the mining area, which offered significant economic, environmental, and social benefits. The practice in the twelfth coal mine could be used as a valuable example for coal mines with similar geological conditions. 相似文献