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1.
地处古特提斯域的牡音河组是一套由放射虫蛙质岩和凝灰岩组合而成，沉积速率极低的远洋沉积序列，它所包含的４个放射虫组合指示剂其形成时代为晚二叠世末至中三叠世，从而大大改变了我们以往对古特提斯演化所拟定的时间表，详细的岩相和岩石地球化学分析表明，牡音河组的中，下部与大洋岛弧的火山活动关系密切，上部则有接受更多陆源物质的趋势向，这一沉积记录所反映了演化趋势可能标志着古特提斯残留海的一次重大构造转折，但是， 相似文献
2.
昌宁-孟连结合带中三叠世地层记录了古特提斯洋晚期演化信息，为正确认识古特提斯构造古地理格局提供了重要的解剖窗口.云南省沧源县团结地区原划泥盆系曼信组岩性为硅质岩与泥岩互层夹砂岩层（透镜体），对其中长石砂岩和硅质岩分别开展锆石U-Pb测年和地球化学分析，在限定该地层时代的基础上探讨其古特提斯演化意义.长石砂岩夹层和透镜体碎屑锆石定年显示其时代分别不早于237.8±1.3 Ma和237.7±1.4 Ma，赋存地层区域上可与牡音河组对比.本次中三叠世放射虫硅质岩地层的发现，填补了本区残余盆地沉积记录.该地层中硅质岩的地球化学特征反映其形成于大陆边缘环境，结合其中陆源碎屑岩碎屑组分和副矿物特征，表明古特提斯残余洋盆规模有限.研究区三岔河组磨拉石沉积角度不整合于早期地层之上标志着残余洋盆最终闭合. 相似文献
3.
造山带中远洋深水沉积物是恢复古大洋的重要依据之一，昌宁-孟连古特提斯结合带存在大量海相沉积物，但是否存在大洋盆地相的远洋沉积还不清楚.对弄巴地区被认为最可能是洋盆相沉积的石炭系岩片和海相泥盆系岩片进行了岩石学、放射虫时代、碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素研究.石炭系岩片放射虫硅质岩中鉴定出放射虫6属8种，时代为早石炭世早-中期.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示，泥盆系岩片岩屑石英杂砂岩碎屑锆石年龄范围为387~3 266 Ma，最年轻一组年龄为387~413 Ma；石炭系岩片中与放射虫硅质岩共生的基性凝灰岩碎屑锆石年龄为341~3 403 Ma，最年轻一组年龄为341~354 Ma.综合锆石年龄和化石资料，限定泥盆系岩片原始沉积时代为早-中泥盆世，石炭系岩片时代为早石炭世早-中期.碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱特征和Hf同位素组成指示泥盆系岩片和石炭系岩片具有相似的物质源区，主要来源于亲冈瓦纳的陆壳，少量来自于古生代特提斯域新生岛弧.早-中泥盆世地层岩片原始沉积于亲冈瓦纳的大陆斜坡环境；早石炭世地层岩片原始沉积于亲冈瓦纳的大陆斜坡至古特提斯洋盆边缘环境，不是远洋深水的大洋盆地环境.寻找以远洋深水沉积物为代表的大洋盆地相沉积并开展研究是当前昌宁-孟连古特提斯研究的重要方向之一. 相似文献
4.
滇西古特提斯多岛洋的结构及其南北延伸 总被引：42，自引：3，他引：39
在深化滇西古特提斯构造古地理格局研究基础上 ,提出了区分多岛洋与多岛海的时、空尺度标准。根据藏北羌塘、泰国北部与滇西古特提斯沉积地质学的比较研究 ,论证了滇西昌宁—孟连带北延连接冈玛错缝合带 ,南延与泰国北部隐蔽缝合带相接。泰国东北部著名的难河—程逸缝合带北延很可能潜伏于思茅盆地中新生代红层之下 ,因此古特提斯阶段并不存在稳定的“思茅地块”。泰国西北部湄萨良带存在洋盆硅质岩、海山碳酸盐岩和被动陆缘碎屑岩的构造混杂沉积组合 ,原属“泥盆系”的硅质岩中已发现早石炭世和晚三叠世卡尼期放射虫动物群 ,启示了古特提斯东段存在双子星座式主支洋盆的构造古地理格局。湄萨良带北延最可能与保山地块、腾冲地块之间的潞西三台山蛇绿混杂带相连。滇西北地区原属晚三叠世哈工组内侏罗纪放射虫化石的发现等 ,启示了青藏高原三江带在古、新特提斯转折期古地理演化的复杂性 相似文献
5.
晚三叠世卡尼期碳酸盐生产危机在东特提斯地区的地质记录 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
欧洲学者基于阿尔卑斯地区上三叠统卡尼阶地质研究提出卡尼期碳酸盐生产危机(carbonate productivity crisis)或者卡尼期洪水事件(Carnian Pluvial Event)的概念,其主要表现为黑色页岩(或绿色页岩、放射虫硅质岩)覆盖于特提斯范围的碳酸盐岩之上,反映了早、晚卡尼期界面处一次明显的碳酸盐沉积中止事件,之上沉积有厚度逐步增加的硅质碎屑岩;这一地质现象在东特提斯地区(中国)卡尼阶中亦有显现,但远未引起重视。实际野外地质调查与前人文献显示,与古特提斯西部、喜马拉雅等地卡尼阶类似,在中国西南部古特提斯范围内的四川盆地西缘、黔中、滇西北、金沙江沿岸等地,卡尼期碳酸盐岩沉积多被一套灰黑色、深灰色页岩(或深色板岩)及之上的陆源碎屑岩覆盖,显示该时期碳酸盐生产的突然中止和生物礁的突然死亡。卡尼期特提斯范围的构造变动很可能对晚三叠世巨型季风气候造成巨大影响,古太平洋暖流向特提斯地区水汽输入增强,相对干旱的气候向相对潮湿的气候转换,大陆风化速率增加,陆源硅质碎屑输入增多,造成了这一显著的地质事件。 相似文献
6.
以新生代印度尼西亚多岛海沉积记录作为典型分析对象 ,对陆 (岛 )海相间结构背景下的沉积作用的主要特征及其构造地理意义进行讨论。各种类型的深水沉积作用在多岛海槛式盆地中多有反映 ,但以浊积和半远洋沉积最为突出 ,典型的远洋沉积仅发育于多岛海外围的开放大洋地区。连续而持久的远洋沉积记录是判别古代洋盆规模的最有效的依据之一。云南昌宁—孟连造山带作为古特提斯多岛洋主洋盆 ,包含的以放射虫硅质岩为代表的远洋记录覆盖的地质历史至少达 130Ma。结合明显的等深流记录、可能的巨大火成区记录、巨量陆屑输入记录等多方面的证据 ,笔者认为 ,云南地区所揭示的东古特提斯的规模远非当代的印尼多岛海可比。对多岛海背景下的若干古海洋学问题也进行了讨论 相似文献
7.
措勤地区在泥盆纪浅海碳酸盐台地的背景基础上，在石炭纪-早二叠世发育了一套陆源碎屑为主的海相沉积，古地理呈北部以陆棚海为主、南部发育斜坡－深海相的特征。早石炭世永珠组陆棚浅海限于北部的甲龙到阿布勒一带，其南侧至格嘎－措勤一线发育较宽的斜坡相沉积，晚石炭世时发生海侵，并随着冰期气候的盛行在边缘斜坡海环境内沉积了多套冰海砾岩，随着冰期气候的结束和海退，早二叠世昂杰组陆棚海沉积范围向南扩展到格嘎－达雄南部，陆棚海地边缘发育了生物礁或生物滩。古地理演化反映了研究区在早石炭世受南北向拉张的构造背景下形成了不同于泥盆纪碳酸盐台地的陆棚海-斜坡-深海盆地的古地理格局，晚石炭世拉张达到鼎盛，其后的早二叠世主要发育了稳定陆棚海沉积。 相似文献
8.
羌塘盆地位于可可西里—金沙江缝合带与班公湖—怒江缝合带之间,其沉积演化对于正确认识古、中特提斯洋盆构造演化具有重要意义。本文通过沉积序列、岩相古地理、沉积盆地分析,结合年代地层学等最新研究成果,建立了羌塘中生代盆地(T3—K1)的沉积演化模式,讨论了羌塘盆地演化与古特提斯洋盆关闭、中特提斯洋盆形成的关系。羌塘中生代盆地(T3—K1)是由冲洪积相沉积超覆开始的,总体上为一个向上变深的海侵序列,表现为冲洪积相、河湖相逐渐演化为滨海相及浅海相,可划分出3种典型的沉积超覆类型及5个主要阶段的沉积演化序列。羌塘中生代盆地整体上为一个由前陆盆地演化为裂谷盆地、被动大陆边缘盆地、最终转化为活动大陆边缘盆地并萎缩消亡的叠合盆地。羌塘早—中三叠世前陆盆地的关闭,与古特提斯洋盆的关闭有关,羌塘中生代盆地(T3—K1)的演化受中特提斯洋的快速开启及关闭的制约。 相似文献
9.
措勤地区在泥盆纪浅海碳酸盐台地的背景基础上,在石炭纪—早二叠世发育了一套陆源碎屑为主的海相沉积,古地理呈北部以陆棚海为主、南部发育斜坡-深海相的特征。早石炭世永珠组陆棚浅海限于北部的甲龙到阿布勒一带,其南侧至格嘎一措勤一线发育较宽的斜坡相沉积,晚石炭世时发生海侵,并随着冰期气候的盛行在边缘斜坡海环境内沉积了多套冰海砾岩,随着冰期气候的结束和海退,早二叠世昂杰组陆棚海沉积范围向南扩展到格嘎-达雄南部,陆棚海地边缘发育了生物礁或生物滩。古地理演化反映了研究区在早石炭世受南北向拉张的构造背景下形成了不同于泥盆纪碳酸盐台地的陆棚海—斜坡—深海盆地的古地理格局,晚石炭世拉张达到鼎盛,其后的早二叠世主要发育了稳定陆棚海沉积。 相似文献
10.
俞 《四川地质科技情报》1994,(1):44-44
从早二叠世晚期开始，在古特提斯洋扩张影响下，扬子地块西缘发生了大陆伸展活动，形成一系列的裂陪盆地。三叠纪这一地区的裂陪活动增强，形成一些与之有亲缘关系的陆块。陆块问普遍发育有基性、超基性岩浆岩和水下喷发的枕状熔岩，见有放射虫硅质岩，出现滑塌堆积、碳酸盐重力流及陆源碎屑浊积岩，并有局部小型洋壳形成。以西部金沙江、甘孜-理塘的扩张规模较大， 相似文献
11.
《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》1999,17(1-2):47-59
The stratigraphic and sedimentary history of the Celebes Sea Basin provides the basis for a tectonic model for its evolution which is consistent with new regional plate reconstructions. Cores drilled on Leg 124 of the Ocean Drilling Program (sites 767 and 770) form a stratigraphic record from the basement to the sea floor in just under 800 metres of sedimentary succession. The basement itself is basalt with a strong MORB affinity. Radiolaria in pelagic mudstones at the base of the succession indicate a late middle Eocene age. A very condensed pelagic sequence (90 m in 20 Ma) suggests a setting which was distal from sources of terrigenous clastics and volcaniclastics and below the CCD. These characteristics are similar to the West Philippine Sea Basin (drilled on DSDP Legs 31 and 59), which also has oceanic basement, dated at 44–42 Ma, and Paleogene pelagic strata. These data are therefore consistent with any plate reconstruction model which has these two basins forming as part of the same ocean basin.During the Miocene quartz-rich sandy turbidites were deposited in the Celebes Sea Basin. This influx of terrigenous clastics occurred for a brief period in middle to late Miocene times (c. 10 Ma). The nearest large continental landmass which could have acted as the source of this mature siliciclastic detritus was the island of Borneo, and the onset of this clastic supply may be related to uplift caused by collision events on the island. Cessation of terrigenous clastic supply to the basin centre occurred as southward subduction of the underlying oceanic crust beneath the northern arm of Sulawesi began. It is speculated that the development of a trench along the southern margin of the basin acted as a trap for detritus coming from Borneo, diverting material from the basin centre. 相似文献
12.
Toshiyuki Kurihara Kazuhiro Tsukada Shigeru Otoh Kenji Kashiwagi Minjin Chuluun Dorjsuren Byambadash Bujinlkham Boijir Sersmaa Gonchigdorj Manchuk Nuramkhan Masakazu Niwa Tetsuya Tokiwa Gen’ya Hikichi Takafumi Kozuka 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2009,34(2):209-225
Recent mapping projects undertaken in Central Mongolia have revealed the widespread occurrence of radiolarian chert within a Paleozoic accretionary complex. We present the results of the first detailed tectonostratigraphic and radiolarian biostratigraphic investigations of the Gorkhi Formation in the Khangai–Khentei belt of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.The Gorkhi Formation consists of sandstone shale, alternating sandstone and shale of turbidite affinity and chert with small amounts of siliceous shale, basalt, limestone, and clast-bearing mudstone. Radiolarian chert that is completely devoid of terrigenous clastic material is commonly associated with underlying basalt (sedimentary contact) and with conformably overlying siliceous shale and turbidite deposits. The tectonic stacking of basalt–chert and chert–turbidite successions is the most remarkable structural feature of the formation.The recovery of moderately well-preserved radiolarians and conodonts from red chert led to the recognition of four radiolarian assemblages that have a combined age range from the latest Silurian (Pridolian) to the Late Devonian (Frasnian). No age control exists for the siliceous shale, shale, and sandstone, although they are considered to be latest Devonian or slightly younger on the basis of stratigraphic relationships with underlying chert.The Gorkhi Formation has previously been interpreted as a thick sedimentary basin deposit overlying an unexposed Archean–Neoproterozoic basement; however, the stratigraphy within individual tectonic slices clearly corresponds to that of an ocean plate stratigraphy of an accretionary complex generated by the trenchward movement of an oceanic plate. From the lowermost to uppermost units, the stratigraphy comprises ocean floor basalt, pelagic deep-water radiolarian chert, hemipelagic siliceous shale, and terrigenous turbidite deposits. The biostratigraphic data obtained in the present study provide corroborating evidence for the existence of an extensive deep-water ocean that enabled the continuous sedimentation of pelagic chert over a period of nearly 50 million years. These data, together with structural data characterized by tectonic repetition of the stratigraphy, indicate that these rocks formed as an accretionary wedge along an active continental margin, possibly that of the Angara Craton. The mid-oceanic chert was probably deposited in the Northern Hemisphere portion of the Paleo–Pacific Ocean that faced the Angara Craton and the North China–Tarim blocks. Thus, we propose that subduction–accretion processes along the Paleo–Pacific rim played an important role in the accretionary growth of the active continental margin of the Angara Craton, directly influencing the evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. 相似文献
13.
Matsuoka Atsushi Kobayashi Kenta Takei Masahiko Nagahashi Toru Yang Qun Wang Yujing Zeng Qinggao 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND EVOLUTION OF THE CENO-TETHYS: MICROPALEONTOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FROM PELAGIC SEDIMENTS IN THE YARLUNG ZANGBO SUTURE ZONE, SOUTHERN TIBET 相似文献
14.
内蒙古阿拉善北部杭乌拉地区位于中亚造山带的中段南缘,处于西伯利亚板块、塔里木板块和华北板块之间,是研究中亚造山带和古亚洲洋演化的重要区域。文中以杭乌拉地区硅质岩地球化学特征为主要研究内容,结合前人研究结果,对阿拉善北部地区早古生代构造背景进行分析。杭乌拉地区下古生界西双鹰山组和班定陶勒盖组硅质岩镜下可见黏土、陆源粉砂和放射虫等,表现为明显的沉积成因特征。硅质岩地球化学特征一致性较差,其中Fe、Mn、Al等主量元素、Sc/Th值、(La/Ce)n值和δCe值反映出硅质岩为大陆边缘沉积,(La/Yb)n值反映硅质岩接近于远洋沉积背景,δEu 值表现为无热液作用影响,V、V/Y、Ti/V值多接近于洋中脊和大洋盆地硅质岩特征,U/Th、Ba/Sr值也属于热水成因硅质岩特征。硅质岩稀土元素配分曲线呈平坦状,无明显的右倾(大陆边缘轻稀土元素富集配分模式)和左倾(开放洋盆重稀土元素富集配分模式)特征。研究区早古生代地质记录相对较少,但是鉴于该地区晚古生代复杂的构造演化特征及其对早古生代古地理格局的继承,并结合上述硅质岩地球化学特征,认为研究区在早古生代为一个多岛洋环境。 相似文献
15.
川西盐边群的优地槽岩石组合 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
<正> 古优地槽岩石组合往往难以得到完整保存的记录。蛇绿岩的上冲作用使得蛇绿岩的岩石层序受到破坏;消减作用又常使消减带的复理石岩系变形,成为关系复杂、断裂交错的冲断席;最后的弧带造山作用或碰撞造山作用(Coleman,1975;Dickinson,1977)又进一步使这些岩石褶曲、断裂,于是,原来的层序和面貌便难以辨认。 相似文献
16.
在充分调研前人研究成果的基础上,对京西坳陷青白口地区青白口系进行了野外实测、岩石薄片鉴定等研究,结合其岩性特征及沉积结构,细致划分了青白口系沉积相,建立了符合其沉积演化的沉积相模式。青白口系自下而上包括下马岭组、龙山组及景儿峪组,下马岭组为陆源碎屑浅海沉积体系,主要为较深水的陆棚相沉积,并且发育了砂质碎屑流;龙山组为陆源碎屑滨岸沉积体系,发育了大套的临滨及前滨砂体,主要受控于波浪和沿岸流的改造;景儿峪组为典型的碎屑岩碳酸盐岩混积潮坪,由于古纬度相对变化,沉积环境相对干旱局限且低能,下部和上部主要为紫红色泥岩沉积,中部发育大套厚层的碳酸盐岩。由龙山组陆源输入的碎屑物质沉积为主过渡到景儿峪组的内生清水碳酸盐岩沉积为主的环境,代表其构造条件和古地理环境逐渐趋于稳定。 相似文献
17.
DANIELA FONTANA 《Sedimentology》1991,38(6):1085-1095
The Upper Cretaceous Pietraforte Formation, an allochthonous unit of the Ligurian domain in the northern Apennines, provides a case study of the importance of detrital carbonate grains for provenance determination in sandstones. The Pietraforte Formation is composed of turbidite sandstones with subordinate conglomerate, deposited in an external sector of the Ligurian ocean, close to the Adriatic margin. The sandstones have a lithic composition, characterized by abundant sedimentary and metasedimentary rock fragments (35–56% of the terrigenous framework), little feldspar (<7%) that is almost exclusively plagioclase, and a high ratio of fine- to coarse-grained polycrystalline quartzose grains to total quartzose grains (average Qp/Qt=0.37). Carbonate rock fragments dominate the lithic association of both sandstones and conglomerates and provide the most detailed information for provenance determination. They are composed primarily of dolostones and a wide variety of limestones containing identifiable age-diagnostic microfossils. Fossils and rock textures of carbonate clasts document the erosion of Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous shelf and pelagic carbonate units which can be matched with Mesozoic rock types present in the Tuscan domain of the northern Apennines. Compositional results constrain the source of the Pietraforte Formation sandstones to the western margin of the Adriatic plate, from uplifted sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks of the Tuscan domain and its low-grade metamorphic basement. Coeval intrabasinal sources provided additional supplies to the depositional basin of the Pietraforte Formation; this intrabasinal supply consists of shelf carbonate allochems, planktonic foraminifera and argillaceous rip-up clasts. The presence of carbonate grains from shallow-water environments may indicate the existence during deposition of marginal shelf areas favourable for carbonate allochem production. 相似文献
18.
滇西南昌宁—孟连带三叠纪牡音河组硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
滇西南昌宁—孟连带牡音河组硅质岩已进行了较好的生物地层学和沉积学研究, 表明为中三叠世深水盆地沉积, 但对其沉积构造背景存在不同的认识. 本文尝试用分子有机地球化学方法, 并辅以无机地球化学的手段, 研究牡音河组硅质岩的物源环境, 分析沉积区构造背景. 研究结果表明硅质岩中正构烷烃碳数分布范围较宽C14—C36, 且具双峰型分布模式, 说明其有机质为陆生高等植物和水生生物混合来源; 萜类和甾类化合物特征说明研究区有机质来源总体上以水生生物为主, 同时有不同程度陆生高等植物混入. 牡音河组硅质岩Σw (REE) 为83.56 × 10-6 124.1 × 10-6, w (Ce)/w (Ce) 在0.760.99之间变化, w (La)n/w (Yb)n在0.771.98之间, 说明该盆地明显受陆源区物质影响. 另外, 该硅质岩的w (La)n/w (Ce)n和w (Al2O3)/w (Al2O3+Fe2O3) 图解及w (MnO)/w (TiO2) 比值也说明牡音河组硅质岩沉积过程中受到大陆作用. 两方面的特征互相印证, 说明研究区中三叠世为受陆地强烈作用的深水局限盆地. 这项研究还说明, 分子有机地球化学方法能够为硅质岩沉积环境的探讨提供更多的物源和环境信息. 相似文献
19.
A. G. WHITHAM 《Sedimentology》1993,40(2):331-349
The Nordenskjöld Formation (?Oxfordian-Berriasian age) is exposed on the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, where it consists of interbedded ash layers and biosiliceous mudstones which accumulated under anaerobic to dysaerobic bottom waters. The mudstones were deposited by pelagic settling and the ash layers by pelagic settling from suspension or as fallout from subaerial eruption columns. The lower part of the succession accumulated in a basinal setting under anaerobic bottom waters and is characterized by parallel bedding. Mudstones deposited in this setting preserve abundant zooplankton faecel pellets. Compaction of these pellets has given rise to a bedding parallel fissility. The upper part of the succession accumulated under dysaerobic bottom waters in a slope setting. The sequence is wavy bedded and contains abundant evidence of post-depositional sediment instability and resedimentation, much of which was caused by tectonic activity. Discrete slide masses are absent from the slope sequence and it appears that slope processes were dominated by creep. Examination of the mudstones shows that as levels of dissolved oxygen in bottom waters increase, pelleted mudstones give way to structureless mudstones before visible bioturbation is noted. 相似文献