共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
钱塘江两岸广泛分布着冲海积粉土。在对钱塘江饱和粉土三轴试验研究的基础上,采用常规三轴仪,通过对不同饱和度系列粉土的固结排水CD试验,探讨钱塘江非饱和粉土的应力-应变性状和剪胀特性。对稍密状态（e = 0.871～0.969）粉土的试验表明：钱塘江冲海积非饱和粉土显著的特性之一是剪胀性,剪胀主要与粉土的饱和度和围压有关;饱和度对应力应变曲线的一般形状影响不大;应力-应变曲线呈微软化型,残余强度qr与峰值强度qmax之比大多在0.9～1.0之间;粉土的剪胀随饱和度增高而增大,随围压增高而减小。临界状态体应变与中主应力随饱和度的变化有明显规律,围压800 kPa下,稍密状态钱塘江非饱和粉土体应变在 =12.020 2 – 4.939 2lnp和 =15.771 7 – 5.775 1lnp两条线所围的范围内,剪胀的最大体应变小于5%。 相似文献
2.
针对蒙自地区膨胀土,进行了饱和重塑条件下的固结排水(CD)与固结不排水(CU)试验,系统研究了饱和土在不同固结围压3、初始干密度d、初始含水量0、剪切速率、排水条件下的应力应变特性。通过对临界状态试验结果的归一化处理,揭示了不同试验方法对同一土样抗剪强度量测差异的内在统一性,得到了重塑饱和膨胀土在固结排水与不排水条件下p'-q-空间内的破坏线。利用双曲线模型较好地拟合了弱硬化型应力应变曲线,用指数曲线模型拟合了弱软化型应力应变曲线,为模拟边坡在降雨条件下的抗剪强度变化及构筑物土体处于正常水位时的强度状态等工况提供了技术参数与理论支持。 相似文献
3.
为探讨水化状态对饱和压实膨胀土应力-应变-强度特征的影响,以压实度为95%的荆门弱膨胀土为研究对象,开展了2种典型水化状态下的固结与三轴试验,其中第1种水化状态采用常规饱和方法,第2种水化状态为试样自由膨胀至稳定状态。结果表明：（1）受变形约束条件与渗径的影响,不同水化状态下体膨胀率有较大差别;（2）第2种水化状态下的饱和压实膨胀土具有更大的硬化指数λ与膨胀指数κ、较小的弹性剪切模量,其有效内摩擦角为第1种水化状态下的77.2%,体现出膨胀土饱和强度的变动性;（3）2种水化状态下的固结曲线均呈现出明显的屈服现象,其屈服应力分别为123.2 kPa与94.5 kPa;（4）第1种水化状态下,低围压下试样应变软化与剪胀,高围压下应变强化与剪缩;第2种水化状态下试验围压范围内均发生剪缩和轻微的应变软化;（5）2种水化状态下试样在固结与剪切过程中均表现出超固结性,这种超固结性并非完全由先期固结压力所致,而是试样受荷过程中膨胀受到约束造成的;（6）不同水化饱和状态下初始孔隙比不同,膨胀势也不同,膨胀势与外部约束条件、排水条件、应力状态相互作用,造成其应力-应变-强度特征的差异性。 相似文献
4.
以天津滨海新区地下工程涉及较多的9～18m深度海相软土为研究对象,采用应力应变控制式三轴剪切渗透试验仪,分别进行三轴固结不排水试验(CU)、三轴不固结不排水试验(UU)以及模拟基坑开挖卸荷的减p路径试验(DEP),得到滨海软土在不同应力路径下的力学性状与初始固结状态有关。CU与UU试验应力与应变关系曲线呈硬化特征,CU试验孔隙水压力与应变关系呈先剪缩后剪胀的性质;DEP试验应力与应变关系曲线呈软化特征,在等应力控制条件下,孔隙水压力与应变关系呈剪胀性质,孔压为负。DEP试验对于总应力强度参数有影响,对有效应力强度参数影响较小。在滨海软土基坑支护设计中,选用CU试验参数进行计算,设计偏于安全。 相似文献
5.
《岩土力学》2021,(4)
花岗岩残积工作为一种特殊土,在我国东南地区分布广泛,但其特殊的结构特性使得该类土体的工程事故频发。针对广东省肇庆市播植县某边坡残积土进行了一系列三轴试验,研究结构性花岗岩残积土在三轴应力状态时的应变和孔压变化特征,以及结构性花岗岩残积土的剪切结构性屈服特性,为相关工程提供借鉴。三轴压缩试验分别针对原状土、重塑正常固结土和重塑超固结土,试验结果表明,原状土和重塑超固结土均表现出一定的结构性,排水剪切时均表现出明显的剪胀性,应力-应变曲线均表现出应变软化,不排水剪切的超静孔压均为先增大后减小,但原状土超静孔压减小的幅度更大;超固结土的不排水抗剪强度符合SHANSEP理论,试验常数Λ_0为0.67;重塑正常固结土的归一化刚度随着加载的进行缓慢减小,ε_1=15%左右时完全屈服;原状土和重塑超固结土的归一化刚度曲线不能重合,分别于ε_1=1.5%和ε_1=1%左右发生结构性屈服,并且均在ε_1=15%左右发生整体破坏,围压越大,结构性土的刚度曲线变化规律越接近于扰动土。 相似文献
6.
为研究应变速率对原状膨胀土力学性状的影响,通过GDS三轴试验系统进行了不同速率和围压下的固结不排水三轴剪切试验,分析了应力−应变曲线、孔隙水压力、剪切强度以及破坏模式随应变速率的变化规律。结果表明：不同应变速率下,膨胀土应力−应变曲线均呈应变硬化型。随着应变速率的增加,不排水剪切强度单调递增,引入应变速率参数ρ0.9后发现,不排水强度增长率为14.3%～23.2%,平均值为18.4%。低围压下,应变速率对孔隙水压力影响较小,随着围压的增大,孔隙水压力的发展趋势由软化型转变为硬化型,孔隙水压力峰值随应变速率的增大而减小。原状膨胀土应变速率效应与其多裂隙性密切相关,破坏形式表现为小应变速率下主剪切带与次剪切带共存,大应变速率下仅有主剪切带,裂隙或多剪切带的出现强化了膨胀土强度的应变速率效应。 相似文献
7.
利用SPAX-2000（改进型）静动真三轴系统,针对淤泥类超软土进行静动力排水固结试验,研究包括较高频率在内的各冲击荷载频率（1、8、16 Hz）与不同围压（200、250、300 kPa）作用下淤泥的力学响应;此外,结合三轴剪切试验研究不同固结条件对淤泥不排水强度的影响。试验结果表明：（1）在相同冲击频率作用下,试样抗剪强度随着围压增大而提高;围压增大,使得球应力增大,体应变随着增大,有效地促进试样排水固结。（2）相同围压作用下,存在着一个冲击荷载频率阈值,当冲击频率低于这一阈值时,随着冲击荷载频率的提高,轴向应变量逐渐变小,反之逐渐变大。（3）冲击瞬间,体应变为负值,表现为体胀,这与原位试验夯击瞬间的孔隙水压力变化曲线一致,从而验证了高含水率淤泥在冲击作用下的孔压负增长现象。 相似文献
8.
粉土及其稳定土的三轴试验研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
以粉土和4 %石灰、2 %水泥+2 %石灰、4 %SEU-2型固化剂、8 %SEU-2型固化剂处理的粉土为研究对象,通过不固结不排水三轴剪切试验(UU)和固结不排水三轴剪切试验(CU)对变掺量、变龄期条件下粉土及稳定土的强度和变形特性进行了研究。试验结果表明：粉土及其稳定土的应力-应变曲线主要为软化型。SEU-2型固化剂在改善粉土的凝聚力方面起了很好的作用,综合考虑了不同稳定方法的强度指标,表明掺SEU-2型固化剂是稳定粉土的最有效的方法。 相似文献
9.
对京九线路基粉土用GDS三轴仪进行固结不排水剪试验,研究不同围压、含水量、压实度下压实粉土样的应力-应变关系。结果表明:压实粉土在低围压下为应变软化,高围压下为应变硬化,存在一个屈服应力;含水量和压实度对粉土强度和应力-应变关系影响显著,随着含水量的减小、压实度的增大,压实粉土样强度增大,应力-应变曲线上升。对围压小于屈服应力的应变软化曲线,用常规的土的软化关系式进行拟和;对围压大于屈服应力的应变硬化曲线,用邓肯-张模型进行拟和;这二者的结合能描述压实粉土的应力-应变关系曲线,效果良好。 相似文献
10.
不排水条件下砾石土的应变率效应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为研究应变率对砾石土应力、应变、强度特性的影响和应变率效应产生机制,对砾石和黏土混合备制的饱和砾石土心墙料,在应变率0.028～0.690 %/min范围内进行了不同围压下的固结不排水三轴压缩试验,定量地分析了三轴不排水抗剪强度的应变率效应。试验结果表明,不同的应变率下砾石土应力-应变曲线具有相似性;应变率增大10倍,不排水抗剪强度增大7.4%～29.9%;砾石土的应变率效应是剪切产生的孔隙水压力和土料本身黏滞性共同作用的结果,在不同的围压下二者发挥的程度不同 相似文献
11.
Awad A. Al-Karni 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(7-8):1095-1101
The shear strength of cohesionless soil is reduced as the water pressure inside the pores of the soil mass increases. The mathematical relationship between the shear strength and the pore water pressure was derived using Mohr–Coulomb failure criteria as a function of the confining pressure and the effective angle of friction. Experimentally, a series of consolidated drained triaxial tests with back pore water pressure was run on samples of saturated uniform dense sand. The tests were conducted at different confining pressures in the range of 100–400 kPa with an increment of 100 kPa. At each level of confining pressure, the tests were repeated at different values of back pore water pressure in the range of 0–100 kPa with an increment of 25 kPa. For each test, the initial applied back pore water pressure was kept constant during the test for comparing the results at the same effective confining pressure. This study concludes that the mathematical relationship gives accurate results at any level of confining pressure and/or pore water pressure as a function of the effective angle of friction that can be evaluated using single consolidated drained triaxial test at zero back pore water pressure. 相似文献
12.
Experimental study of poromechanical behavior of saturated claystone under triaxial compression 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper presents experimental results of drained and undrained triaxial compression tests of saturated Meuse–Haute/Marne claystone. The emphasis is to study the evolution of pore pressure with growth of microcracks and the effect of pore pressure on mechanical behavior. Basic mechanical responses are first investigated through drained triaxial compression tests, showing nonlinear stress strain relations, volumetric dilatancy and pressure sensitivity. In undrained triaxial compression tests, the pore pressure exhibits a transition from increase to decrease due to the transition from volumetric compressibility to dilatancy caused by the growth of microcracks. The failure surfaces, determined by total stress and Terzaghi’s effective stress under undrained condition, are compared with the one under drained condition. 相似文献
13.
S. M. Haeri A. Hamidi S. M. Hosseini E. Asghari D. G. Toll 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(2):335-360
The behavior of a cemented gravely sand was studied using triaxial compression tests. Gypsum, Portland cement and lime were
used as the cementing agents in sample preparation. The samples with different cement types were compared in equal cement
contents. Three cement contents of 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% were selected for sample preparation. Drained and undrained triaxial
compression tests were conducted in a range of confining pressures from 25 kPa to 500 kPa. Failure modes, shear strength,
stress–strain behavior, volume and pore pressure changes were considered. The gypsum cement induced the highest brittleness
in soil among three cement types while the Portland cement was found to be the most ductile cementing agent. In lower cement
contents and lower confining pressures the soil cemented with Portland cement showed the highest shear strength. However,
in the same range of cement content, the soil cemented with gypsum showed highest shear strength for highest tested confining
stress. For higher cement contents the shear strength of soil cemented with Portland cement is higher than that for the two
other cement types for the range of confining pressures tested in the present study. The samples cemented with lime had the
least peak and ultimate shear strength and the highest pore pressure generation in undrained tests. Contrary to the soil cemented
with lime, the brittleness of soil cemented with gypsum and Portland cement reduces in undrained condition. Finally it was
found that the effect of cement type on the shear strength of cemented soils is more profound in drained condition compared
to undrained state. 相似文献
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15.
为研究高填方路堤压实土率相关变形特征,对不同压实度的非饱和压实土分别开展了不同加载速率以及不同围压条件下的CD三轴剪切试验,探讨了不同工况下压实土的剪切强度指标;借助GDS饱和土静态三轴仪的围压控制器来间接测定非饱和压实土体变的途径。试验结果表明：压实土强度及变形特征具有明显的时间相依性,加载速率越大,压实土的抗剪强度越高,超固结变形特性越强,抗剪强度指标黏聚力c值增幅较大、内摩擦角 值增幅较小;低围压下,压实土呈应变软化及剪胀变形,且压实度越高,应变软化及剪胀变形越显著,c值增加明显、 值增加缓慢。采用基于下负荷面的弹黏塑性本构模型对路基压实土的率相关变形特征进行表征,预测结果与试验数据吻合良好,表明该模型适用于高填方路堤长期沉降分析。 相似文献
16.
常剪应力路径下含气砂土的三轴试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
天然气水合物完全分解时,产生的气体使得能源土孔隙压力急速增加,有效应力减小,进而引起土体液化破坏。此时深海能源土斜坡的应力状态与静力液化失稳过程可简化为含气土在常剪应力排水(或不排水)应力路径下的破坏问题。以此为背景,提出了制备含气砂土试样的改进充气管法,并开展了含气砂土的常剪应力路径三轴试验。22组试验结果表明:同一孔隙比的含气密砂在不同围压与常剪应力下具有相同的失稳线;含气砂土试样失稳时的应力比和体变均随初始相对密实度的增大而增大;含气密砂在常剪应力路径下饱和度对失稳特征影响的规律性在排水与不排水条件下均不明显,但在不排水条件下含气砂土的孔压(或体变)对变形的敏感性降低;含气密砂在常剪应力路径到达失稳点之后,排水条件下是瞬变的液化鼓胀破坏,不排水条件下是渐变的剪切破坏。 相似文献
17.
18.
为了研究现场施工工艺下水泥土的强度及变形特性,对水泥搅拌桩钻孔芯样进行了无侧限抗压强度试验与三轴试验,分析了水泥掺量与围压对水泥土芯样强度、变形特性的影响规律。结果表明：随着水泥掺量的提高,水泥土芯样的强度明显增强,变形模量显著增大,但其破坏应变变小,脆性增大;水泥掺量超过18%的水泥土芯样其应力-应变关系表现为软化型,随着围压的提高,其强度增强,破坏应变增大,脆性降低,且应力-应变关系曲线有可能发生转型;不同围压下的水泥土芯样三轴试验先为体缩,后变化为体胀,发生剪胀的应变较破坏应变略小,是由剪切面上颗粒错动引起的,在颗粒错动达到一定程度后抗剪强度才发挥到峰值;水泥土的结构屈服应力比较大,在围压的作用下其胶结结构未发生破损,强度包线满足摩尔-库仑线性强度规律;根据水泥土的强度变形特征,应力-应变全曲线分弹性、塑性、软化3个阶段,可采用Popovics模型对其进行模拟,与试验结果较为吻合。 相似文献
19.
Observation of shear zone development in ring-shear apparatus with a transparent shear box 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Using a new ring-shear apparatus with a transparent shear box and video image analysis system, drained and undrained speed-controlled tests were conducted on coarse-grained silica sands to study the shear-zone formation process in granular materials. Velocity distribution profiles of grains under shear at various stages in the ring shear tests were observed through processing the video image by the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) program. Shear-zone thickness and type of shear mode (slide-like or flow-like) during shear were observed. Before reaching peak strength in low-speed and drained condition test, a comparatively major part of the sample in the upper shear box showed a velocity distribution profile of structural deformation and dilatancy behavior. After peak strength, the velocity profile changed into a slide-like mode and thereafter showed almost no change. In higher speed tests with drained and undrained conditions, an almost slide-like mode was observed, compared to low-speed test. Apparent shear-zone thicknesses of high-speed tests are thinner than low-speed tests. Unexpectedly, almost no difference was observed in the shear-zone thickness and mode of shear (slide or flow-like) between drained and undrained tests. This study was conducted as part of the International Programme on Landslides (IPL) M101 “Areal prediction of earthquake and rain induced rapid and long-traveling flow phenomena (APERITIF)” of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL). These results will contribute to understanding the mechanism of shear-zone development in granular materials as a basic knowledge for disaster risk mitigation of rapid long run-out landslides. 相似文献