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辽宁弓长岭铁矿床二矿区类矽卡岩的岩石矿物学特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
辽宁弓长岭铁矿床二矿区是我国最重要的鞍山式沉积变质型富铁矿床.不同于鞍山-本溪地区其他贫铁矿床,弓长岭铁矿二矿区富铁矿体的附近分布有大量的类矽卡岩,这些类矽卡岩与富铁矿体具有密切的成因联系.本文在野外和岩相学研究的基础上,选择弓长岭二矿区类矽卡岩的岩相学、矿物学、矿物化学特征进行了研究.结果表明:类矽卡岩可分为石榴石岩、绿泥石岩、含石榴石绿泥石岩、含磁铁矿阳起石岩四种类型;类矽卡岩矿物中石榴石端员组分以铁铝榴石为主,角闪石属于钙角闪石系列中的透闪石,绿泥石属于蠕绿泥石.类矽卡岩和富铁矿是由热液交代改造磁铁贫矿形成的,二者是同一期热液活动的产物. 相似文献
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新疆阿尔泰巴特巴克布拉克铁矿床赋存于上志留统—下泥盆统康布铁堡组变质火山-沉积岩的矽卡岩中,矿体形态复杂,呈似层状、透镜状及不规则状分布。围岩斜长角闪岩、变粒岩和浅粒岩稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土元素相对富集的右倾型,与矿区英云闪长岩稀土元素配分模式相似;矿石和矽卡岩稀土元素配分模式多表现为重稀土元素相对富集的左倾型,综合了围岩和英云闪长岩二者的特征,表明它们之间有明显的成因联系。结合硫同位素特征(1.4‰～4.8‰)表明,成矿物质来源于基性火山岩(围岩)。矽卡岩为花岗质岩浆期后热液交代火山岩的产物,铁矿化是矽卡岩退化蚀变的产物,矿床形成于弱还原-氧化环境。 相似文献
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广东省长坑金银矿床硅质岩石成因分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对长坑金银矿床中硅质岩石的岩相学、地球化学特征的分析发现，岩石主要由次生石英(50％～90％)和黄铁矿组成，含少量重晶石、雄黄、雌黄、伊利石、迪开石等；岩石具热液交代和交代残余结构，发育典型构造岩的角砾、碎裂、碎斑、微裂隙及孔洞构造，无沉积岩结构构造；硅质岩石(矿石)由成矿过程中蚀变硅化作用形成，是标准的似碧玉岩。蚀变硅化在金矿化阶段可分为3期，银矿化阶段为1期；似碧玉岩∑REE低，尤其是含银似碧玉岩，含金似碧玉岩轻稀土元素较重稀土元素富集，含银似碧玉岩中稀土元素富集；似碧玉岩与典型热水沉积硅质岩40个北美页岩组合样标准化稀土元素分布型式的显著Ce负异常和Eu正异常存在较大差异。认为该矿床内硅质岩石非海水与沉积物界面之间的热水沉积成因或海水沉积作用形成的硅质岩，而是低温热液交代硅化形成的似碧玉岩。 相似文献
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《地学前缘》2016,(5):235-251
弓长岭铁矿床是鞍山-本溪地区最典型的BIF型铁矿床之一,而且是该地区最大的富铁矿产区。从野外产出关系来看,弓长岭矿区的富铁矿与蚀变岩密切相关,蚀变岩与富铁矿基本上是形影相随。蚀变岩具有分带性,由富铁矿向外依次为镁铁闪石岩-石榴石岩-绿泥石岩-弱蚀变斜长角闪岩-斜长角闪岩。弱蚀变岩保留了蚀变原岩的岩貌特征,矿物的蚀变并不完全,可见残余的原生矿物。强蚀变岩的蚀变较彻底,基本无原生矿物残留。将蚀变岩与斜长角闪岩、磁铁石英岩的地球化学特征进行对比可以发现弱蚀变岩、石榴石岩、绿泥石岩与斜长角闪岩的痕量元素特征基本一致,而镁铁闪石岩的痕量元素特征更接近磁铁石英岩。再结合镜下特征、野外接触关系、主量元素特征等证据,认为除了镁铁闪石岩是由磁铁石英岩蚀变形成,其余蚀变岩都是由斜长角闪岩蚀变形成。根据各类蚀变岩中主要矿物的(Fe+Mg)/Si值以及蚀变岩的SiO2和Fe2OT3含量变化规律可以发现,在蚀变岩和富矿形成过程中发生了Mg、Fe以及Si的迁移。对本次取样的样品进行原岩恢复和构造环境判别投图,投图结果表明,绿泥石岩和弱蚀变岩的最初原岩都是形成于弧后盆地的玄武岩。 相似文献
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辽宁弓长岭铁矿床二矿区的矿石可分为较富和较贫两种类型,其中富矿的边部分布有大量的类矽卡岩,包括石榴石岩、绿泥石岩、含石榴石绿泥石岩、含磁铁矿阳起石岩等,说明富矿的形成与热液活动有关。类矽卡岩及两类矿石的微量元素相对原始地幔富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,但Sr、Hf相对亏损;稀土元素特征表现为总量较低,具有相似的PAAS稀土配分模式,为轻稀土元素相对亏损的左倾型,具有明显的Eu正异常和弱Ce负异常。从较贫铁矿石、较富铁矿石到类矽卡岩稀土元素总量呈逐渐上升趋势,结合野外地质特征,说明较富铁矿石和类矽卡岩在继承了较贫铁矿石的稀土配分模式的基础上可能又叠加了热液中的稀土元素地球化学特征,因此弓长岭铁矿床出露的类矽卡岩、较富铁矿石可能是由热液交代改造原始沉积的较贫铁矿石形成的。 相似文献
6.
弓长岭铁矿床物质来源及沉积古地理环境研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
弓长岭沉积变质型铁矿床是中国鞍山式铁矿床的典型代表.研究表明,该铁矿床赋存于反S型褶皱中,局部矿体出现褶曲现象.矿体产于主要由磁铁石英岩、斜长角闪岩、黑云母变粒岩和“蚀变岩”组成的含铁岩系中.文章通过研究该地区铁矿石的构造、结构和矿物组合,结合常量、微量及稀土元素研究,揭示了该地区形成铁矿床的物质来源与海底热液活动密切相关,在其形成过程中,很少或者没有含铝碎屑物质的加入,是由海洋化学沉积形成的,形成于还原环境.通过研究与铁矿床空间关系密切的斜长角闪岩、黑云母变粒岩和“蚀变岩”的构造和结构等,并利用常量、微量及稀土元素的测试结果,对斜长角闪岩、黑云母变粒岩和“蚀变岩”进行了原岩恢复研究,研究结果显示,该区斜长角闪岩的原岩应为洋中脊拉斑玄武岩,黑云母变粒岩的原岩应为大陆岛弧的杂砂岩,而“蚀变岩”的形成则与磁铁石英岩有着密切的关系.最后,提出了该地区铁矿床沉积的古地理环境为洋壳边缘、大陆岛弧附近,其形成环境应相当于弧后盆地. 相似文献
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辽宁弓长岭铁矿二矿区条带状铁建造地球化学特征及成因探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以弓长岭铁矿二矿区磁铁石英岩、磁铁富矿和蚀变围岩样品为研究对象,进行了主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和Fe同位素的测试。结果表明:磁铁石英岩主要由TFe2O3和SiO2组成,Al2O3和TiO2质量分数较低,微量元素质量分数和稀土元素质量分数均较低;经澳大利亚后太古界平均页岩(PAAS)标准化的稀土配分模式呈现出轻稀土亏损和重稀土富集,La、Eu和Y的正异常明显,Ce的异常不明显,Y/Ho值较高;富集Fe的重同位素,且与海底喷发热液经过氧化沉淀后的Fe同位素特征一致。磁铁富矿与磁铁石英岩的地球化学特征有很好的一致性和继承性,但磁铁富矿的REE和Eu质量分数较高,且较磁铁石英岩富集Fe的轻同位素,范围更大,与蚀变岩的Fe同位素组成相近。弓长岭铁矿的磁铁石英岩是陆源物质加入很少的古海洋化学沉积岩,为喷出的海底热液与海水的混合条件下氧化沉淀形成的。磁铁富矿推测为富Fe的轻同位素热液对磁铁石英岩进行改造,经过去硅富铁作用形成的。 相似文献
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弓长岭铁矿二矿区蚀变岩中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及地质意义 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
国外的富铁矿(TFe含量超过50%)主要来自长期稳定的古老克拉通上早前寒武纪铁建造(BIF)经过后期风化淋滤作用形成的赤铁矿石。虽然我国的华北克拉通等古老地块也发育早前寒武纪BIF,并经历了强烈的变质变形改造,但是由于地块活动性强导致缺乏充分风化淋滤作用的条件,因而赤铁富矿很少,铁矿石以TFe含量30%左右的沉积变质型磁铁贫矿为主。辽宁弓长岭铁矿床位于华北克拉通东北部,是一个大型沉积变质型铁矿床,总体以磁铁矿贫矿石为主,但其二矿区的磁铁富矿(TFe含量大于50%)达大型规模,是我国唯一的大型沉积变质型磁铁富矿。弓长岭二矿区富铁矿是条带状铁建造沉积后受后期叠加改造作用形成的,富矿体成矿时发生了强烈的围岩蚀变,形成以石榴石和镁铁闪石为特征矿物的蚀变岩,这种富含石榴石的蚀变岩在区域上乃至全国的沉积变质型磁铁矿矿床中都是独一无二的,表明其与磁铁矿富矿有密切的成因联系。该蚀变岩中与镁铁闪石、绿泥石、石英、钛铁矿共生有热液锆石。本文从该蚀变岩中分选出了锆石,锆石呈他形至半自形粒状,在阴极发光(CL)图像上呈多孔状、斑块状、补丁状,明暗极不均匀,可见不明显的环带;锆石内包体在背散射图像上呈暗色,长条状或片状自形晶,主要由MgO、FeO、SiO2、Al2O3组成,为绿泥石、铝直闪石和镁铁闪石;锆石LA-ICP-MS原位微量元素分析表明,Hf含量为10672×10-6~11822×10-6,Y为12.58×10-6~19.41×10-6,Th为0.32×10-6~1.48×10-6,U为425×10-6~663×10-6,Th/U为0.001~0.003,Ti为1.63×10-6~3.7×10-6,∑REE为10.37×10-6~20.15×10-6,球粒陨石标准化的稀土配分曲线上轻稀土强烈亏损,中、重稀土富集,重稀土较平坦,有弱的铕正异常,这些特点表明该锆石为与蚀变岩和富铁矿同时形成的热液成因锆石。利用SHRIMP U-Pb定年方法对该热液锆石进行了年龄测定,获得的上交点年龄为1850±16Ma,MSWD=2.1;10个测点加权平均年龄为1840±7Ma,MSWD=1.6。该年龄代表了富含石榴石的蚀变岩的成岩年龄,因而也可能代表了富铁矿石的形成年龄,因此推测磁铁富铁矿的形成是条带状磁铁石英岩在1.9~1.8Ga时华北克拉通基底隆升与裂谷-非造山岩浆事件所产生的热液交代作用的结果。 相似文献
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G. J. Chakrapani 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(2):189-201
Chemical weathering and resulting water compositions in the upper Ganga river in the Himalayas were studied. For the first time, temporal and spatial sampling for a 1 year period (monthly intervals) was carried out and analyzed for dissolved major elements, trace elements, Rare Earth Elements (REE), and strontium isotopic compositions. Amounts of physical and chemical loads show large seasonal variations and the overall physical load dominates over chemical load by a factor of more than three. The dominant physical weathering is also reflected in high quartz and illite/mica contents in suspended sediments. Large seasonal variations also occur in major elemental concentrations. The water type is categorized as HCO3––SO42––Ca2+ dominant, which constitute >60% of the total water composition. On an average, only about 5–12% of HCO3– is derived from silicate lithology, indicating the predominance of carbonate lithology in water chemistry in the head waters of the Ganga river. More than 80% Na+ and K+ are derived from silicate lithology. The silicate lithology is responsible for the release of low Sr with extremely radiogenic Sr (87Sr/86 Sr>0.75) in Bhagirathi at Devprayag. However, there is evidence for other end-member lithologies for Sr other than carbonate and silicate lithology. Trace elements concentrations do not indicate any pollution, although presence of arsenic could be a cause for concern. High uranium mobilization from silicate rocks is also observed. The REE is much less compared to other major world rivers such as the Amazon, perhaps because in the present study, only samples filtered through <0.2 m were analysed. Negative Eu anomalies in suspended sediments is due to the excess carbonate rock weathering in the source area. 相似文献
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北淮阳晓天火山岩盆地片麻状花岗岩成岩年代学及地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩石的锆石U-Pb定年和主量、微量、稀土元素分析是研究侵入岩成岩时代、岩石成因的主要研究手段。本文在野外地质调查工作的基础上，采用X射线荧光光谱、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱和LA-ICP-MS等技术对晓天火山岩盆地内杨三寨附近发现的片麻状钾长花岗岩进行相关地球化学分析。结果表明：该岩体主量元素以高硅、钾和钠，低铁镁钙磷为特征，其中SiO2含量为65.86%~78.29%，Al2O3为10.89%~16.02%，MgO为0.17%~1.17%，K2O为1.37%~6.44%，Na2O为0.53%~6.50%，属于高钾钙碱性系列。微量元素方面，样品以亏损Nb、Sr、P和Ti，富集La、Ce、Nd和Zr为特征。稀土元素方面，含有较高的稀土元素（ΣREE=152.70~650.88μg/g），轻稀土富集重稀土亏损（LREE/HREE=6.77~20.64），多数具有较弱的负铕异常（δEu=0.29~1.15），铈异常不明显；稀土元素标准化曲线以右倾为特征。30个锆石点的206Pb/238U年龄分布于720~828Ma之间，加权平均年龄为776±11Ma （MSWD=2.1）。研究认为，盆地内新元古代片麻状钾长花岗岩的发现表明晓天盆地中心存在隆起，并不是之前研究认为的"斗"形的两边浅中间厚的盆地形态，这对该盆地的构造形态认识和进一步找矿具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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地球化学测量成果被广泛而成熟地运用在矿产勘查工作中,为明确张家口崇礼区北部成矿、找矿的地球化学指示信息,对该区水系沉积物测量及异常查证成果进行了综合分析。通过计算元素富集系数和变异系数、开展R型聚类分析、统计化探异常区岩石的地质年代、对比该区化探异常及已知矿床与典型矿床的成矿要素,从而推断了该区找矿主攻元素为Ag、Pb、Zn、Mo、Cd,且Ag、Pb、Zn和Mo、W 2组元素分别具有共伴生关系,指出该区化探异常主要受燕山期岩浆热液控制。综合分析认为,本区找矿模型为蔡家营式次火山-热液型多金属矿床,具有寻找次火山-热液型Ag、Pb、Zn、Mo多金属矿床的潜力。 相似文献
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Paul-Dsir Ndjigui Paul Bilong Dieudonn Bitom Abdoulaye Dia 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2008,50(5):305-328
The behaviour of major and trace elements have been studied along two serpentinite weathering profiles located in the Kongo-Nkamouna and Mang North sites of the Lomié ultramafic complex.The serpentinites are characterized by high SiO2 and MgO contents, very low trace, rare earth and platinum-group element contents. Lanthanide and PGE contents are higher in the Nkamouna sample than in Mang North. Normalized REE patterns according to the CI chondrites reveal that: (i) all REE are below chondrites abundances in the Mang North sample; (ii) the (La/Yb)N ratio value is higher in the Nkamouna sample (23.72) than in the Mang one (1.78), this confirms the slightly more weathered nature of the Nkamouna sample. Normalized PGE patterns according to the same CI chondrites reveal a negative Pt anomaly in the Mang sample. The Nkamouna sample is characterized by a flat normalized PGE pattern.All element contents increase highly from the parent rock to the coarse saprolite.In the weathering profiles, Fe2O3 contents decrease from the bottom to the top contrarily to Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2. The contents of alkali and alkaline oxides are under detection limit.Concerning trace elements, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn and Sc decrease considerably from the bottom to the top while Zr, Th, U, Be, Sb, Sn, W, Ta, Sr, Rb, Hf, Y, Li, Ga, Nb and Pb increase towards the clayey surface soil. Chromium, Ni and Co contents are high in the weathered materials in particular in the saprolite zone and in the nodules.REE contents are high in the weathered materials, particularly in Nkamouna. Their concentrations decrease along both profiles. Light REE are more abundant than heavy REE. Normalized REE patterns according to the parent rock reveal positive Ce anomalies in all the weathered materials and negative Eu anomalies only at the bottom of the coarse saprolite (Nkamouna site). Positive Ce anomalies are higher in the nodular horizon of both profiles. An additional calculation method of lanthanide anomalies, using NASC data, confirms positive Ce anomalies ([Ce/Ce*]NASC = 1.15 to 60.68) in several weathered materials except in nodules ([Ce/Ce*]NASC = 0.76) of the upper nodular horizon (Nkamouna profile). The (La/Yb)N ratios values are lower in the Nkamouna profile than in Mang site.PGE are more abundant in the weathered materials than in the parent rock. The highest contents are obtained in the coarse saprolite and in the nodules. The elements with high contents along both profiles are Pt (63–70 ppb), Ru (49–52 ppb) and Ir (41 ppb). Normalized PGE patterns show positive Pt anomalies and negative Ru anomalies.The mass balance evaluation, using thorium as immobile element, reveals that:
- – major elements have been depleted along the weathering profile, except for Fe, Mn and Ti that have been enriched even only in the coarse saprolite;
- – all the trace elements have been depleted along both profiles, except for Cr, Co, Zn, Sc, Cu, Ba, Y, Ga, U and Nb that have been enriched in the coarse saprolite;
- – rare earth elements have been abundantly accumulated in the coarse saprolite, before their depletion towards the top of the profiles;
- – platinum-group elements have been abundantly accumulated in the coarse saprolite but have been depleted towards the clayey surface soil.
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红河盆地的化学风化作用:主要和微量元素地球化学记录 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河流沉积物的元素含量有助于反映其流域的自然风化过程。红河是世界上重要的河流之一,但其沉积物的地球化学研究却几乎没有。本文通过开展红河盆地干流和主要支流40个样品的主要和微量元素地球化学分析,发现红河流域硅酸盐岩的化学风化作用为中等强度,与长江及亚马逊河的风化强度相近,而高于黄河,低于珠江;且化学风化作用受该区域的气候和构造作用控制。 相似文献
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对准格尔煤田黑岱沟露天矿煤的主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素含量和矿物组成进行了研究。结果表明,黑岱沟露天矿煤中稀土元素平均含量为248.12×10-6,约为中国煤平均值的2.83倍。LREE平均含量为236.66×10-6,HREE平均含量为11.46×10-6,LREE/HREE平均值为20.81,(La/Yb)N平均值为1.59,表明煤中LREE相对HREE富集。煤中部分稀土元素可能富集在勃姆石和黏土矿物中。稀土元素分配曲线δCeS变化区间(0.89～2.21)和δEuS中度亏损(0.46～0.86),验证了沉积环境在煤层形成演化过程中对煤中稀土元素输入的稳定性。黑岱沟煤层中微量元素明显偏高的有Ga、Pb、Se、Sr、Th 和Zr,这些元素的含量高于中国、中国华北晚古生代和美国煤的算术均值,也高于地壳克拉克值。 相似文献
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In this study, we examine the variations in rare earth elements (REE) from the Lower Kittanning coal bed of eastern Ohio and western Pennsylvania, USA, in an attempt to understand the factors that control mineral matter deposition and modification in coal, and to evaluate possible REE mixed exposure hazards facing underground mine workers. The results of this study suggest that the Lower Kittanning coal mineral matter is derived primarily from a clastic source similar to that of the shale overburden. While highly charged cations like silicon, aluminum, and titanium remained relatively immobile within the coal mineral matter, iron (primarily as pyrite) was added from nonclastic sources, either during deposition of the coal mire vegetation or subsequent to burial. Other mobile cations (e.g., alkali and alkaline earth elements) appear to have been added to and/or leached from the originally deposited clastic mineral matter. Most of the sulfur in the Lower Kittanning coal bed is bound as FeS2 in the mineral matter, but a majority of samples contain a small excess of S that is most likely organically bound.In general, the total rare earth element content (TREE) in coal ash is greater than that in the shale overburden. If the primary source of mineral matter is the same as that for the overlying shale, then REE must have been enriched in the coal mineral matter subsequent to deposition. The total rare earth element content of Lower Kittanning coals correlates strongly with Si concentration ([TREE]≈0.0024 [Si]), which provides a threshold for evaluating possible mixed exposure health effects. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns reveal a shale-like light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment for the coal, similar to that of the shale overburden, again suggesting a primarily clastic REE source. However, when normalized to the shale overburden, most of the coal ash samples display a small but distinct heavy rare earth element (HREE) enrichment. We surmise that the HREE were added and/or preferentially retained during epigenesis, possibly associated with groundwater flow through the coal unit, but not necessarily in close association with the addition of iron. At least some of the “excess” HREE could be organically bound within the Lower Kittanning coal. 相似文献
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Geochemistry and origin of elements in some UK coals 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Twenty-four UK coals ranging in rank with 4.6%–37.6% volatile matter were analysed for 46 major and trace elements. The samples were obtained from the UK Coal Bank and are representative of the major UK coal fields. The major element distributions are interpreted in terms of the mineralogical variations—quartz and kaolinite are largely responsible for the Si and Al, carbonates for Ca and Mg and pyrite for Fe. Also exerting an influence in some samples are siderite, Al-phosphate minerals and illite. Based on statistical relationships with the major elements, Rb, Cr, Th, Ce, Zr, Y, Ga, La, Ta, Nb and V are thought to be mainly present in the clay minerals, and As, Mo, Sb, Tl, Se and Bi and Pb are probably present in pyrite. Strontium and Ba are concentrated in a restricted number of samples related to the phosphate minerals. Germanium is the only element for which a major organic association can be demonstrated. Elements with an indirect association with the organic matter are Na, Cl, and Br in porefluids and possibly Te. The ash content is controlled mainly by the detrital input and the trace elements related to the ash content are therefore those elements associated with the clay minerals. Variations with rank would appear to be mainly related to the moisture content (porefluids). The trace elements associated with the quartz and clay minerals are thought to be dominantly detrital in origin. The non-detrital elements, essentially those contained in pyrite, are thought to have been incorporated in the depositional environment from waters with enhanced salinities through seawater ingress, hence there are positive relationships between S and trace element concentrations. 相似文献