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1.
藏北羌塘中部桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩的岩石学特征   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5  
桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩是龙木错-双湖板块缝合带近期的重要发现。通过对桃形湖蛇绿岩进行详细的野外地质调查和岩石学、年代学、地球化学的研究发现,桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩各单元出露齐全,由下到上分别为变质橄榄岩、超基性堆晶杂岩、堆晶辉长岩、基性岩墙群和枕状玄武岩,在堆晶岩中有不同规模的斜长花岗岩(层)脉体。桃形湖堆晶辉长岩的时代为中奥陶世,并具有大洋中脊型的地球化学特点。桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩的发现说明龙木错-双湖板块缝合带中存在完整的蛇绿岩组合,同时也是古特提斯洋早期裂解的重要证据。  相似文献   

2.
古昌蛇绿岩中的斜长花岗岩特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
古昌蛇绿岩中首次发现斜长花岗岩。斜长花岗岩的地质特征和岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学特征反映出异常洋脊花岗岩的属性,岩浆源自地幔,与古昌蛇绿岩中的变质橄榄岩、基性岩墙、基性熔岩的岩浆同源,是基性—超基性岩浆分异的残余,应属古昌蛇绿岩中的浅色岩组分,是蛇绿岩的端元岩石。  相似文献   

3.
陈景文  李才  胡培远  解超明  彭虎  江庆源 《地质通报》2014,33(11):1750-1758
报道了藏北羌塘中部日湾茶卡地区花岗闪长岩体锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学特征。该花岗闪长岩位于龙木错—双湖—澜沧江板块缝合带西段。岩石样品中的锆石具有较好的晶形,可见典型的岩浆振荡环带结构,具有较高的Th/U值,为典型的岩浆成因锆石。样品锆石LA-ICP-MS技术测得的锆石年龄为211.0Ma±1.8Ma,表明其时代为晚三叠世。全岩地球化学分析表明,该花岗闪长岩具有高Si O2、Al2O3,富碱,低TFe2O3、Ti O2的特征,A/CNK值为0.97~1.04,为准铝质—弱过铝质岩石。稀土元素配分模式显示,配分曲线右倾,伴随较弱的Eu负异常;微量元素蛛网图表现出Nb、Ta、Ti、P亏损和Rb、Th、U、K、Pb富集的特征;样品点在构造环境判别图解上均落入碰撞型花岗岩区。初步分析,其岩浆来源可能为幔源岩浆底侵使古老地壳发生熔融。此碰撞型花岗闪长岩对龙木错—双湖—澜沧江洋碰撞的时限提供了一定的岩石学约束,为龙木错—双湖—澜沧江洋的演化提供了基础地质资料。  相似文献   

4.
张天羽  李才  苏犁  解超明  吴彦旺  王明 《地质通报》2014,33(11):1662-1672
在藏北羌塘中部日湾茶卡地区发现蛇绿混杂岩,岩石单元包括堆晶辉长岩、辉长岩岩墙、玄武岩等。通过对该蛇绿岩中堆晶辉长岩的地球化学研究发现,它们属于E-MORB型,与桃形湖和果干加年山地区的蛇绿岩比较相似。堆晶辉长岩(R12T11)中用于LA-ICP-MS定年的锆石具有明显的Ce正异常和Eu负异常,属于典型的岩浆成因锆石;12个测试点的年龄加权平均值为442.7Ma±3.4Ma,表明日湾茶卡蛇绿岩形成于早志留世。日湾茶卡蛇绿岩是龙木错—双湖—澜沧江缝合带内一处新的早古生代洋壳残片,将为进一步揭示龙木错—双湖—澜沧江洋的构造演化提供新依据。  相似文献   

5.
冈瓦纳大陆北缘裂解普遍认为发生在泥盆纪,形成了古特提斯洋并持续演化到晚三叠世。最近在羌塘中部的桃形湖—果干加年山一带发现了完整的蛇绿岩组合,蛇绿岩中的堆晶辉长岩具有洋中脊玄武岩的地球化学特征,在堆晶辉长岩中获得467 Ma~431Ma的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄,这是龙木错-双湖缝合带首次发现早古生代蛇绿岩,应记录了冈瓦纳北缘早期的洋壳演化信息,冈瓦纳大陆北缘的裂解可能发生于早古生代。  相似文献   

6.
普遍认为冈瓦纳大陆北缘裂解发生在泥盆纪,形成了古特提斯洋并持续演化到晚三叠世.最近在羌塘中部的桃形湖一果干加年山-带发现了完整的蛇绿岩组合,蛇绿岩中的堆晶辉长岩具有洋中脊玄武岩的地球化学特征,在堆晶辉长岩中获得467-431Ma的锆石SHRIMP U-pb年龄,这是龙木错-双湖缝合带首次发现早古生代蛇绿岩,应记录了冈瓦纳北缘早期的洋壳演化信息,冈瓦纳大陆北缘的裂解可能发生于早古生代.  相似文献   

7.
吴喆  王保弟  王冬兵  刘函  周放 《地球科学》2020,45(8):3003-3013
前人在昌宁-孟连缝合带获得了大量的晚古生代岩浆活动与沉积地层的记录,但是早古生代的相关记录十分稀少,大大限制了对昌宁-孟连缝合带早古生代演化过程的理解.对南汀河地区早古生代英云闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学特征开展研究,并探讨其岩石成因,揭示早古生代(原)特提斯演化过程.通过LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年,获得英云闪长岩206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为454.1±2.7 Ma、443.2±2.4 Ma,代表岩浆结晶时代.地球化学分析显示,南汀河英云闪长岩SiO2含量为63.41%~68.57%,K2O含量为1.31%~2.17%,同时具有富Na(Na2O=4.11%~5.07%)贫Mg(MgO=0.98%~1.39%)的特点.REE配分曲线呈现出轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的特征,大离子亲石元素Sr、Ba等富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti亏损,与岛弧岩浆的特征相吻合;指示岩浆来源于俯冲板片的部分熔融,在岩浆上升过程中受到了俯冲沉积物的混染,形成于与原特提斯洋俯冲有关的弧火山岩环境,进一步指示早古生代原特提斯洋在454~443 Ma就已经发生了俯冲消减作用.南汀河蛇绿岩与羌塘地区龙木错-双湖缝合带桃形湖等蛇绿岩形成时代一致、地球化学性质相似,由此认为昌宁-孟连缝合带与龙木错-双湖缝合带一起代表了一个统一的古特提斯洋壳的残余.   相似文献   

8.
刘波  彭智敏  耿全如  张璋  关俊雷 《地质通报》2015,34(203):283-291
龙木错—双湖缝合带内呈东西向断续分布大小不等的花岗岩,1∶25 万区域地质调查研究结果显示,该花岗岩时代为早—晚侏罗世。本文对双湖纳若地区原为早侏罗世的花岗闪长岩2 件样品进行了LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 测年,获得年龄为215.1±1.8Ma、217.0±1.5Ma,属晚三叠世。岩石地球化学研究表明,花岗岩闪长岩属偏铝质—过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗,轻、重稀土元素分馏较明显,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti 强烈的亏损。形成于龙木错—双湖古特提斯洋闭合后陆—陆碰撞晚期的后碰撞阶段的伸展环境,以龙木错—双湖缝合带所代表的特提斯洋岩石圈向北俯冲,伴随之后的俯冲板片的断离,软流圈物质上涌,压力减低,温度升高,促使地壳物质发生了部分熔融,花岗闪长岩就是地壳物质部分熔融的产物。  相似文献   

9.
北阿尔金蛇绿混杂岩带中斜长花岗岩的成因及其地质意义   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2  
北阿尔金蛇绿混杂岩带恰什坎萨依剖面南端的斜长花岗岩,呈不规则脉状和透镜状产出于蚀变辉绿岩之中。该斜长花岗岩具有高的SiO2含量(70.42%~78.29%),Al2O3含量低(9.51%~11.75%),高Na2O低K2O,K2O/Na2O=0.02~0.09,属于低钾准铝质岩石;其∑REE偏低(80.15×10-6~104.1×10-6),具中等Eu异常(δEu=0.68~0.73)以及轻稀土轻微富集的特点,微量元素显示相对富集Th、U而亏损Nb、Ta、Ti的特征。以上特征与产于蛇绿岩中的斜长花岗岩的基本特征相符合。蚀变辉绿岩主量元素显示低SiO2、Al2O3、K2O、TiO2,高CaO、Na2O以及富集Th、U、La、Ce,相对亏损Nb、P、Ti的特征,部分蚀变辉绿岩样品SiO2、Na2O含量的升高应与岩石遭受海水蚀变有关。稀土元素显示弱的Eu异常(δEu=0.86~0.94)以及轻稀土轻微富集的特点。蚀变辉绿岩Mg#=51.3~54.8,Ti/V=11~22,La/Nb=1.67~2.07,Zr/Nb=10.3~27.1的特点与区内蛇绿岩地球化学特征一致,应为区内蛇绿岩的组成部分。斜长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为518.5±4.1Ma,Hf同位素εHf(t)=4.25~9.90。在La-SiO2及TiO2-SiO2图解上,斜长花岗岩均显示部分熔融成因,结合岩石非常低Sr高Yb的特点,认为其应形成于洋壳在运移过程中发生的部分熔融。全岩Sr、Nd、Pb同位素显示蛇绿岩源区具有EMII型富集地幔特征,与前人对区内洋中脊型玄武岩的同位素研究具有一致性,而洋壳源区富集地幔特征暗示此时的洋壳形成于洋盆裂解的早期。结合以上资料分析,本次研究的斜长花岗岩和蚀变辉绿岩可能形成于北阿尔金有限洋盆裂解的早期,形成时代为518.5±4.1Ma。  相似文献   

10.
龙木错-双湖缝合带蛇绿岩研究程度远低于青藏高原其它缝合带的蛇绿岩[1~5],目前只有羌塘中部发现了蛇绿岩,已经识别出早古生代和早中二叠世两期.早古生代蛇绿岩仅见于桃形湖-果干加年山地区,其厚度较大,保存较好,剖面完整,关系清楚,尤其是堆晶杂岩的出露厚度在蛇绿岩中所占比例较大.  相似文献   

11.
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

12.
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

13.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

14.
本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。  相似文献   

15.
本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。  相似文献   

16.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.  相似文献   

17.
18.
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses.  相似文献   

19.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率   总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1  
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

20.
Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world.  相似文献   

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