共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
《现代地质》2015,(4)
综合利用恩平凹陷丰富的地震资料,通过古地貌特征分析、古沟谷识别及多相带联合追踪等方法,明确恩平凹陷古近系文昌组沉积时期的古地貌特征及砂体展布规律。恩平凹陷文昌组砂体成因和平面展布与沉积古地理背景及古沟谷密切相关:凹陷北部陡坡带受控洼断裂及古沟谷控制,发育一系列向北退覆式叠置的扇三角洲砂砾岩体,与中深湖相泥岩指状交互,其发育期次、规模与边界断裂活动密切相关;凹陷南部EP18-1继承性古隆起控制南部斜坡带的古沟谷发育与古地貌格局,将南部斜坡带分割成东西两个古沟谷物源供给体系,两个古沟谷体系分别控制EP17洼及EP18洼南斜坡辫状河三角洲的展布方向,而EP18-1继承性古隆起上则发育大型滩坝相砂体。 相似文献
2.
为探讨断陷盆地陡坡带近源扇体的发育规律，利用三维地震资料和钻井资料，在"源-汇"理论指导下对秦皇岛A构造近源扇体展开研究。结果显示:石臼坨凸起的中生界火山岩潜山为秦皇岛A构造提供充足的沉积碎屑。提出"隐性古沟谷"概念，解决了物源区无古沟谷输砂的问题。在构造重新落实的基础上，结合古断距恢复和古地貌恢复识别出了平行断裂型古转换带。发育在坡折带上的古转换带可以作为古水系进入盆地的入口，从而确定陡坡带近源扇体的发育位置。在物源分析、注水口识别、古地貌恢复的基础上，建立了隐性古沟谷-平行断裂型古转换带控砂模式。在该模式指导下，利用基于灰度共生矩阵的属性优化技术，精细刻画了近源扇体的平面形态。已钻井QHDA1井打在了秦皇岛A构造"二台阶"上的扇缘部位，未钻遇扇体的根部，故而储层不发育。研究区有利勘探区带位于构造"一台阶"的扇根部位。 相似文献
3.
沙垒田凸起西部发育完整的受断裂陡坡带控制的源－汇系统.基于最新的钻井、薄片资料及高分辨率三维地震资料,精细刻画沙垒田凸起西部源－汇三要素（即物源体系、搬运体系及沉积体系）,探讨要素间相关性并建立耦合模式.通过岩石学分析,物源区以混合花岗岩为主,结合古地貌恢复,划分4个三级汇水单元并定量拾取垂向高差与汇水面积参数,明确古沟谷与断槽物源通道的分布及尺度,应用地震沉积学精细刻画沙三段内部3个亚段扇三角洲沉积时空展布及演化.定量探讨源－汇各要素间的相关性,明确汇水单元面积与垂向高差是沉积扇体发育规模的主控因素,构建断裂陡坡带控制下的混合花岗岩－古沟谷或断槽与断面组合的物源通道－近源粗粒扇三角洲－浊积扇－湖泊体系耦合模式. 相似文献
4.
基于已钻井、测井和三维地震资料,分析了莱州湾凹陷沙三段水道型湖底扇砂体的沉积特征,并探讨其成因及发育模式.研究区沙三中亚段早期砂体成因为湖底扇沉积,并表现出水道型特征,可划分为叠覆型水道及其侧翼、复合型水道及其侧翼和单一水道及水道间等沉积微相类型.顺源条带状展布的叠覆型水道和复合型水道构成湖底扇骨架砂体.湖底扇水道类型和规模受控于物源富砂程度、同沉积断裂坡折带类型和古地貌变化.其中,物源富砂程度决定了湖底扇外部形态,同沉积断裂坡折带类型和古地貌变化进一步控制湖底扇发育位置和水道规模及其类型.水道型湖底扇具有近油源、储盖组合良好和油气运聚条件优越等特点,是岩性油气藏勘探的重要目标. 相似文献
5.
综合应用裂谷肩相关理论及联合相带追踪等方法,明确了恩平凹陷北部陡坡带砂砾岩体发育特征及其与控洼断裂、隆起区古沟谷以及断面古沟谷的成因关系。F1断裂西段控制EP17洼整个文昌组的沉积,其北部陡坡带文昌组砂砾岩体都较发育,但下文昌组砂砾岩体规模比上文昌组大;F1断裂东段主要控制EP12洼下文昌组沉积,其北部以下文昌组砂砾岩体为主;EP18洼北部F2断裂主要在上文昌组沉积时期活动,其北部陡坡带主要发育上文昌组砂砾岩体。恩平凹陷北部F1与F2断裂为控洼控砂断裂,断裂活动强度控制了砂砾岩体的发育规模,断面古沟谷决定扇体展布方向,而断面沟谷与隆起区沟谷对接与否决定砂砾岩体的发育规模。恩平凹陷北部陡坡带文昌组扇三角洲砂砾岩体具有近源成藏、自生自储的优越条件和超压控藏的特点,可形成上倾尖灭岩性油气藏,而深入到生油岩之中的深水浊积砂体,可形成透镜体油气藏,是研究区的有利勘探目标。 相似文献
6.
为了阐明白云凹陷古近系恩平组的物源供给方式及沉积充填演化规律,以古地貌-古生物分析、LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年、地震属性分析及典型地震相识别为主要技术手段,对白云凹陷恩平组不同沉积时期的沉积环境、古地貌特征、锆石形态及年代组成、砂体发育特征等进行分析,认为恩平组沉积时期其物源供给方式及沉积充填特征发生了明显的变化.恩平组SQ1~SQ2时期陆相断陷湖盆特征明显,沉积时期沉积范围较小,以盆内短程物源（中生代火成岩基底母岩）供给为主:南部陡坡带主要发育近源快速堆积而成的扇三角洲;北部缓坡带发育充填结构典型的辫状河三角洲及上倾尖灭明显的滩坝砂体.恩平组SQ3时期主要为半封闭的海湾沉积环境,沉积范围较大,以盆外远程物源（华南褶皱带前寒武纪-古生代变质岩基底母岩）供给为主:南部陡坡带断裂活动减弱,发育规模较小的扇三角洲;北部缓坡带发育沿北西-南东方向展布的三期前积反射并不断向盆地中心进积的典型大型辫状河三角洲. 相似文献
7.
乌石凹陷南部陡坡带流二段大型储集体发育条件及特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
综合钻井、古生物、地震、薄片等资料,分析了乌石凹陷南部陡坡带大型储集体的发育条件、类型、特征及有利勘探方向。研究结果认为:提出湖平面、物源、断裂及古地貌等耦合控制了断陷湖盆陡坡带大型储集体的发育,其中强烈的湖退事件是发育大型储集体的古湖盆演化基础;充足的物源供给是形成大型储集体的物质保证;显著的断裂聚砂效应和适宜的地貌条件是构建大型储集体的重要汇水机制。大型储集体的主要类型为扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲,其中扇三角洲主要受断面缓坡带及沟谷地貌的控制,沉积上岩性较粗,微相以水下分流河道和水下分流间湾为主;辫状河三角洲主要受转换断阶带、帚状断阶带及相对宽缓地貌的控制,沉积上岩性较细,微相除水下分流河道、水下分流间湾以外,河口坝及远砂坝也较为发育。在此基础上,结合大型储集体的发育特征,明确了乌石凹陷南部陡坡带东段的有利勘探层系为流二段下层序高位域,西段的有利勘探层系为流二段上层序低位及湖侵域;而各大型储集体的前端,由于岩性圈闭、岩性-构造圈闭及构造圈闭等发育,且埋藏浅、靠近生烃中心,还位于油气运聚的优势方向,为有利的勘探区域。 相似文献
8.
同沉积断裂对断陷湖盆层序格架内沉积体系类型及发育分布具有重要的控制作用,也影响了岩性圈闭的发育,已成为当前石油地质领域研究的热点。以层序地层学理论为指导,综合南堡凹陷地震、测井、岩心等资料进行分析,研究认为其北部老爷庙、杜林和高南地区东营组为一个完整的二级层序,内部可划分为4个三级层序。受边界同沉积陡断裂、古地貌、物源供给及凹陷内同沉积断裂等因素影响,主要发育3种沉积体系组合样式及其相应的岩性圈闭类型：在西南庄边界断裂控制下,受物源供给和古地貌影响,老爷庙地区发育单断陡坡扇三角洲-湖底扇型,控制了砂岩透镜体圈闭的发育;杜林地区发育单断陡坡近岸水下扇-浊积扇型,此类型内岩性上倾尖灭圈闭发育;受柏各庄边界断裂和高柳同沉积断裂控制,高南地区发育多断阶扇三角洲前缘加厚型,易形成前缘分流河道砂和滑塌浊积扇砂体形成的岩性圈闭。 相似文献
9.
物源问题一度成为制约歧口凹陷歧南低斜坡沙三段油气勘探的焦点。在综合分析沉积期古地貌及沟谷展布特征、地震属性特征、碎屑颗粒组分、重矿物组合特征、砂体展布特征等资料基础上,探讨歧南低斜坡沙三段沉积时期物源体系特征及分布。结果表明:歧南低斜坡沙三段存在3大物源体系,其中,西部歧南水道物源体系延伸距离远,波及范围大,控制了歧南低斜坡沙三段沉积时期砂体的形成与分布。进一步研究表明,古物源与沉积体系具良好的空间配置关系。受歧南水道主物源体系控制,低斜坡发育辫状河三角洲前缘沉积,砂体分布具"埕宁隆起物源供砂,歧南水道沟槽输砂,物源体系-坡折带联合控砂"的内在机制。物源方向的确定对研究沉积体系展布、砂体分布及有利勘探区预测具重要意义。 相似文献
10.
《地质科技情报》2015,(5)
北部湾盆地是南海北部最主要的含油气盆地之一,其中乌石凹陷东区流三段是主要的油气勘探目的层。该地层受控于复杂断裂体系,因此,其沉积模式及沉积微相展布一直是制约该区油气勘探突破的关键。通过岩心-钻井-地震资料的综合研究,深入分析了该区断层活动性及其空间展布、沉积物源体系及其沉积微相空间展布特征等,继而探讨了构造-沉积相互制约关系。研究结果表明:流三段沉积时期该区为非典型浅水三角洲沉积环境,物源来自于企西隆起,总体表现为近物源、分选差、相变快、断块分隔性较强的牵引流沉积特征,沉积微相以水下分流河道沉积为主;沉积体的空间展布主要受控于流三段沉积时期发育的6条NE向、EW向正断裂,断裂活动强度差异控制了该区沟谷相间的古地貌特征、物源水系的分布及物源推进距离,导致浅水三角洲内各分支水道差异性明显;其中乌石F3、F4两条断裂控制的断沟地势平缓,水下分流河道推进较远,是该区勘探的重要方向之一。 相似文献
11.
研究表明,黄河口凹陷沙河街组三段中亚段发育的沉积相类型有辫状河三角洲相、扇三角洲相、湖底扇相和湖泊相。同沉积断裂特征对沉积具有控制作用,陡坡带活动盆缘断裂控制扇三角洲的分布,缓坡带活动盆缘断裂控制辫状河三角洲分布;二级断裂对湖底扇和深水沉积区有明显的控制作用,东部断阶带中部发育的F20东西向同沉积断裂,控制了物源的主要注入通道——沟谷,对东部物源的注入具有长期影响。 相似文献
12.
《Sedimentary Geology》1999,123(1-2):81-102
In strike-slip basins, proximal stratal patterns are a function of displacement on basin-bounding faults. In order to better understand factors that control changes in sedimentary facies and stratal patterns of the northeastern part of the Jinan Basin (Cretaceous), a strike-slip basin, we made a detailed analysis of sedimentary facies, depositional architecture and paleoflows. The sedimentary successions can be grouped into five facies associations representing five depositional environments: (1) facies association FA I (alluvial fan); (2) FA II (small-scale Gilbert-type delta); (3) FA III (large-scale, steep delta slope); (4) FA IV (base of large-scale, steep delta slope and prodelta); and (5) FA V (lacustrine plain). The successions are divided into two distinct sedimentary fills on the basis of facies associations, depositional architecture and paleocurrents: (1) marginal fill and (2) longitudinal fill. The marginal fill (ca. 3.2 km thick) is present along the strike-slip basin-bounding fault. The lower part of the marginal fill (ca. 1.3 km thick) consists of alluvial-fan deposits (FA I) along the bounding fault which are transitional northward to small-scale Gilbert-type delta (FA II) and lacustrine plain (FA V) deposits. The upper part of the marginal fill (ca. 1.9 km thick) contains large-scale, steep delta slope (FA III) and base of delta slope/prodelta (FA IV) deposits accompanied with a northward change in facies associations. In the marginal fill, the successive alluvial fan, small-scale Gilbert-type delta and large-scale, steep delta/prodelta deposits are overlapped (shingled) northeastward. The longitudinal fill (ca. 2 km thick) is characterized by eastward overlapped stacks of large-scale, steep delta slope (FA III) and base of delta slope/prodelta (FA IV) deposits with a westward progradation. The longitudinal fill was overstepped by the marginal fill. The northeastward shingled geometry of the marginal fill was most likely caused by sinistral strike-slip displacements on the basin-bounding fault. The slightly oblique (northward) progradation of the marginal fill was due to the northward basin-floor tilting. In the marginal fill, the progressive changes in facies and depositional architecture from the lower alluvial fan/small-scale Gilbert-type delta to the upper large-scale, steep delta/prodelta are suggestive of increase in basin subsidence along the strike-slip basin margin that was closely related to the variation in displacement on the basin-bounding fault. The sinistral strike-slip movements on the bounding fault also caused the eastward overlapping of the longitudinal fill. 相似文献
13.
济阳坳陷车镇凹陷车66块沙三下段精细沉积相分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据测井、地震、岩心资料,运用地质综合方法确定济阳坳陷车镇凹陷北部陡坡带砂体成因类型,搞清深水沉积边界。通过岩心观察与描述、地质地震剖面对比以及沉积相平面分布的研究,认为:车66井区沙三下段发育湖底扇、滑塌浊积扇,它们夹持于暗色深水泥岩之中,以内扇沉积为特色,在主水道及水道间堆积了中、细砾岩碎屑流与背景相泥岩。纵向上,沙三下段具有下部富砂、上部富泥的特征;平面上,自北而南由湖底扇内扇碎屑流→中扇颗粒流、浊流变化,沉积相变化具有从近源到远源发展的趋势,表明了物源来自于北部的埕子口凸起。 相似文献
14.
During the deposition of the Chang-7 (Ch-7) and Chang-6 (Ch-6) units in the Upper Triassic, gravity flows were developed widely in a deep lake in the southwestern Ordos Basin, China. Based on cores, outcrops, well-logs and well-testing data, this paper documents the sedimentary characteristics of the gravity-flow deposits and constructs a depositional model. Gravity-flow deposits in the study area comprise seven lithofacies types, which are categorised into four groups: slides and slumps, debris-flow-dominated lithofacies, turbidity-current-dominated lithofacies, and deep-water mudstone-dominated lithofacies. The seven lithofacies form two sedimentary entities: sub-lacustrine fan and the slump olistolith, made up of three and two lithofacies associations, respectively. Lithofacies association 1 is a channel–levee complex with fining-/thinning-upward sequences whose main part is characterised by sandy debris flow-dominated, thick-bedded massive sandstones. Lithofacies association 2 represents distributary channelised lobes of sub-lacustrine fans, which can be further subdivided into distributary channel, channel lateral margin and inter-channel. Lithofacies association 3 is marked by non-channelised lobes of sub-lacustrine fans, including sheet-like turbidites and deep-lake mudstones. Lithofacies association 4 is represented by proximal lobes of slump olistolith, consisting of slides and slumps. Lithofacies association 5 is marked by distal lobes of slump olistolith, comprising tongue-shaped debris flow lobes and turbidite lobes. It is characterised by sandy debris flow, muddy debris flow-dominated sandstone and sandstone with classic Bouma sequences. Several factors caused the generation of gravity flows in the Ordos Basin, including sediment supply, terrain slope and external triggers, such as volcanisms, earthquakes and seasonal floods. The sediment supply of sub-lacustrine fan was most likely from seasonal floods with a high net-to-gross and incised channels. Triggered by volcanisms and earthquakes, the slump olistolith is deposited by the slumping and secondary transport of unconsolidated sediments in the delta front or prodelta with a low net-to-gross and no incised channels. 相似文献
15.
《Sedimentology》2018,65(6):2117-2148
The origin of the fourth member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation in the northern steep slopes of the Minfeng Sub‐sag, Dongying Sag, China, was investigated by integrating core studies and flume tank depositional simulations. A non‐channelized depositional model is proposed in this paper for nearshore subaqueous fans in steep fault‐controlled slopes of lacustrine rift basins. The deposits of nearshore subaqueous fans along the base of steep border‐fault slopes of rift basins are typically composed of deep‐water coarse‐grained sediment gravity‐flow deposits directly sourced from adjacent footwalls. Sedimentation processes of nearshore subaqueous fans respond to tectonic activities of boundary faults and to seasonal rainfall. During tectonically active stages, subaqueous debris flows triggered by episodic movements of border‐faults dominate the sedimentation. During tectonically quiescent stages, hyperpycnal flows generated by seasonal rainfall‐generated floods, normal discharges of mountain‐derived rivers and deep‐lacustrine suspension sedimentation are commonly present. The results of a series of flume tank depositional simulations show that the sediments deposited by subaqueous debris flows are wedge‐shaped and non‐channelized, whereas the sediments deposited by hyperpycnal flows generated by sporadic floods from seasonal rainfall are characterized by non‐channelized, coarse‐grained lobate depositional bodies which switch laterally because of compensation sedimentation of hyperpycanal flows. The hyperpycnal‐flow‐deposited non‐channelized lobate depositional bodies can be divided into a main body and lateral edges. The main body can be further subdivided into a proximal part, middle part and frontal part. Normal mountain‐derived river‐discharge‐deposited sediments are characterized by thin‐bedded, fine‐grained sandstones and siltstones with a limited distribution range. Normal mountain‐derived river‐discharge‐deposited sediments and deep‐lacustrine mudstones are commonly eroded in the area close to boundary faults. A nearshore subaqueous fan can be divided into three segments: inner fan, middle fan and outer fan. The inner fan is composed of debrites and the proximal part of the main body. The middle fan consists of the middle part of the main body and lateral edges, normal mountain‐derived river‐discharge‐deposited fine‐grained sediments and deep‐lacustrine mudstones. The outer fan comprises the frontal part of the main body, lateral edges, and deep‐lacustrine mudstones. Based on the non‐channelized depositional model for nearshore subaqueous fans, criteria for stratigraphic subdivision and correlation are discussed and applied. 相似文献
16.
本文充分利用岩芯、测井、地震及分析化验等资料,对海-塔盆地中部断陷带4个主力凹陷的南屯组砂体类型及分布特征进行了详细研究。结果表明,南屯组主要发育扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、辫状河三角洲和湖底扇等4种典型类型砂体,并从沉积背景、发育部位、沉积特征、搬运机制以及地震反射特征等5个方面,分不同角度、不同层次详细阐述了扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、辫状河三角洲和湖底扇的识别标志;其中扇三角洲主要分布在乌尔逊凹陷和贝尔凹陷的陡坡带,近岸水下扇主要分布在南贝尔凹陷和塔南凹陷的陡坡带,而辫状河三角洲主要分布乌尔逊凹陷、贝尔凹陷和南贝尔凹陷的缓坡带。从盆地边部向盆地中心方向,沉积相由扇三角洲、近岸水下扇和辫状河三角洲沉积逐渐过渡为半深湖-深湖相沉积,局部半深湖-深湖相中发育湖底扇沉积体系,整体具有“南北分块、东西分带”的沉积格局。综合研究表明,扇三角洲前缘、近岸水下扇中扇和辫状河三角洲前缘砂体是油气富集的有利沉积相带,而洼槽边缘的湖底扇砂体为岩性油气藏勘探的重点对象。 相似文献
17.
Hueneme and Dume submarine fans in Santa Monica Basin consist of sandy channel and muddy levee facies on the upper fan, lenticular sand sheets on the middle fan, and thinly bedded turbidite and hemipelagic facies elsewhere. Fifteen widely correlatable key seismic reflections in high-resolution airgun and deep-towed boomer profiles subdivide the fan and basin deposits into time-slices that show different thickness and seismic-facies distributions, inferred to result from changes in Quaternary sea level and sediment supply. At times of low sea level, highly efficient turbidity currents generated by hyperpycnal flows or sediment failures at river deltas carry sand well out onto the middle-fan area. Thick, muddy flows formed rapidly prograding high levees mainly on the western (right-hand) side of three valleys that fed Hueneme fan at different times; the most recently active of the lowstand fan valleys, Hueneme fan valley, now heads in Hueneme Canyon. At times of high sea level, fans receive sand from submarine canyons that intercept littoral-drift cells and mixed sediment from earthquake-triggered slumps. Turbidity currents are confined to ‘underfit’ talweg channels in fan valleys and to steep, small, basin-margin fans like Dume fan. Mud is effectively separated from sand at high sea level and moves basinward across the shelf in plumes and in storm-generated lutite flows, contributing to a basin-floor blanket that is locally thicker than contemporary fan deposits and that onlaps older fans at the basin margin. The infilling of Santa Monica Basin has involved both fan and basin-floor aggradation accompanied by landward and basinward facies shifts. Progradation was restricted to the downslope growth of high muddy levees and the periodic basinward advance of the toe of the steeper and sandier Dume fan. Although the region is tectonically active, major sedimentation changes can be related to eustatic sea-level changes. The primary controls on facies shifts and fan growth appear to be an interplay of texture of source sediment, the efficiency with which turbidity currents transport sand, and the effects of delta distributary switching, all of which reflect sea-level changes. 相似文献
18.
陆架边缘迁移轨迹综合受控于构造、物源、海平面和气候等多种因素,其迁移演化与深水沉积体系发育关系密切。陆架边缘迁移规律及沉积物输送体制与深水砂体预测是当前国际地学领域的热点议题。本文通过基于琼东南盆地新采集的高精度地震资料,定量表征了第四系陆架边缘轨迹,识别了低角度缓慢上升型、中等角度上升型和高角度急剧上升型等3类陆架边缘轨迹类型。2.4 Ma以来,陆架边缘轨迹时空演化可分为3个阶段且具有侧向差异性:2.4~1.9 Ma以低角度缓慢上升型为主,1.9~0.8 Ma西北部以低角度缓慢上升型为主,东北部则以中等角度上升型为主,0.8 Ma至今西北部以中等角度上升型为主,东北部以高角度急剧上升型为主。琼东南盆地第四系陆架边缘迁移轨迹研究表明:当陆架边缘轨迹角0°<α<4°时,陆坡区峡谷规模较小且下切浅,深海平原区发育多期大型海底扇沉积,块体搬运沉积(MTDs)较少;当4°<α<35°时,陆坡区峡谷规模有所增加,深海平原区海底扇沉积与块体搬运沉积均有出现;当35°<α<90°时,陆坡区峡谷发育较少但下切深,深水平原区沉积以大型块体搬运沉积为主,海底扇几乎不发育。琼东南盆地更新世以来气温不断下降,以及东亚冬季风的显著增强,物源供给增强加之海平面的下降进而导致了西北部陆架边缘表现为进积特征;研究区东北部的断裂活动频繁以及物源供给弱,导致了研究区东北部陆坡推进距离远远小于研究区西北部且发育多期次块体搬运沉积物。以上认识对南海北部陆架边缘体系及深水扇预测具有一定的理论意义。 相似文献