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1.
贵州麻江金云火山岩（钾镁煌斑岩）的地质特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1992年我队在麻江地区发现一批金云火山岩(钾镁煌斑岩)岩体,其中岩管5个。产出的大地构造部位在江南台隆与黔南坳陷的交接部位偏向坳陷一侧,围岩为下、中寒武统。岩石具斑状结构、交代结构、环边结构及块状构造。组成矿物有云母、橄榄石、辉石、铬铁矿、钛铁矿、锐钛矿、碳硅石、磷灰石、钙钛矿、刚玉、金红石、紫苏辉石、石榴石、锆石、独居石、电气石等。岩石化学分析显示偏碱性超基性特征,稀土元素含量特高。新发现岩石命名为橄榄金云火山岩及(过渡型)金云火山岩。其含金刚石性待定。 相似文献
2.
钾镁煌斑岩是一类较为特殊的火山成因或浅成的超基性岩,是一种重要的深源岩石,是深源岩浆活动的标志性产物,可作为了解地幔信息的窗口,也作为继金伯利岩之后的另一种金刚石寄主岩被持续关注.全球最优质的金刚石产于钾镁煌斑岩中,主要分布于西澳阿盖尔等地.中国钾镁煌斑岩主要分布于黔湘一带、山西饮牛沟、山东大井头、湖北大洪山和西昆仑克里阳地区,综合分析认为,钾镁煌斑岩主要分布于深大断裂附近,中国钾镁煌斑岩受江南台隆西缘的都匀—贵阳—铜仁—怀化深断裂、常德—安仁深断裂以及郯庐断裂带等深大断裂带控制;贵州镇远马坪、湖南宁乡云影窝、山东平邑大井头等钾镁煌斑岩有原生金刚石产出,钾镁煌斑岩的金刚石成矿潜力仍然有待深入研究,尤以湘黔钾镁煌斑岩带、郯庐断裂带大井头等地可望突破.钾镁煌斑岩的标志性矿物有富钛贫铝金云母、钾碱镁闪石、镁橄榄石、镁铝榴石、铬尖晶石、铬铁矿等.其中S1、S2组贫铝富镁铬铁矿对钾镁煌斑岩中金刚石的形成有指示意义.中国钾镁煌斑岩活动具多期性,其中晚侏罗世—早白垩世(147—100 Ma)时期属于中国含金刚石钾镁煌斑岩和相关的金-稀土等金属矿产的重要成矿时期. 相似文献
3.
贵州省镇远地区钾镁煌斑岩岩石特征 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
贵州省镇远地区的钾镁煌斑岩(Lamproite)的分布在大地构造上受地台和地台内隆起与坳陷间的深断裂控制,为浅成侵入脉岩,呈岩墙或岩床产出,规模不大,厚几厘米至数米,长数十米至千米,已见于深冲、白坟、思南塘等岩群。岩石具煌斑结构,块状构造,斑晶为钛金云母、透辉石、假像橄榄石,基质除上述矿物外,还有透长石、白榴石、角闪石、磷灰石、锆石、金红石等,还见到微量镁铝榴石和铬铁矿。其中钛金云母、铬铁矿、镁铝榴石的矿物化学成分与西澳同类岩石十分接近,投入米切尔,J·格尼有关图件中,均落入钾镁煌斑岩趋势区。岩石化学成分属钾质超基性岩,K_2O>Na_2O,K_2O/Na_2O为20.85～66.51,富含TiO_2,但MgO较西澳同类岩石略低。富含Sr、Ba、Zr、Nb、P等痕量元素。稀土总量高,富集轻稀土。稀土分配模式与西澳同类岩石一致。D_5岩体中经1987年再次选矿证实含微量金刚石。 相似文献
4.
山西大同钾镁煌斑岩地质地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据饮牛沟钾镁煌斑岩的岩石学、岩石化学、矿物化学、微量及稀土元素地球化学特征,本文认为该岩体属钾镁煌斑岩,但在矿物成分及化学成分上与世界上典型的含金刚石的钾镁煌斑岩相比,相对贫钛和钾,未出现含Ｋ,Ｂａ,Ｔｉ,Ｚｒ的副矿物。该岩体的成因可能为母岩部分熔融后又经分离结晶作用而形成的,岩浆起源于贫钛的金云母二辉橄榄岩,形成深度１００ｋｍ左右。 相似文献
5.
目前所知产金刚石的岩石类型包括金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩、榴辉岩、蛇绿岩套、碱性超基性杂岩、碱性超基性煌斑岩和橄榄岩类(方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩等) 等偏碱性超镁铁质岩石, 而有经济价值的金刚石原生矿床仅见于金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩中, 除此之外的其他岩石类型中仅见有少量微粒金刚石.金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩都起源于地幔深部, 就此意义上讲, 二者是同源的, 但其岩石化学成分、主要矿物组成、产出大地构造背景以及同位素资料等, 却存在着比较明显的差异.由此构成了金刚石原生矿床的两个成矿系列: 金伯利岩成矿系列和钾镁煌斑岩成矿系列.金伯利岩成矿系列又可以根据其化学成分划分为3个亚系列, 即: 高Cr, Ti, Mg成矿亚系列, 低Cr, Ti, Mg成矿亚系列和介于二者之间的一种具有复杂化学成分的成矿亚系列.钾镁煌斑岩成矿系列则可以根据其主要矿物组成, 划分出橄榄石钾镁煌斑岩成矿亚系列、白榴石钾镁煌斑岩成矿亚系列以及介于两者之间的白榴石-橄榄石钾镁煌斑岩成矿亚系列共3种次级成矿系列.与此同时, 无论是金伯利岩成矿系列, 还是钾镁煌斑岩成矿系列, 又都可以根据其野外地质产状, 划分为以下3个成矿亚系列(形成时间从早到晚) : (1) 火山沉积凝灰岩成矿亚系列; (2) 火山凝灰角砾岩成矿亚系列; (3) 火山-次火山侵入相成矿亚系列. 相似文献
6.
我们首次在湖南发现了钾镁煌斑岩。这套岩石由于遭受强烈风化和蚀变,与典型的西澳钾镁煌斑岩相比,其K_2O和MgO含量明显偏低,Al_2O_3含量偏高。REE含量、金云母成分及以金云母作为主要载体的元素(如Rb、Ba、Ti、Sc、Zn、Ga和Nb等)都与西澳的钾镁煌斑岩基本一致,此外高度富集LREE和U,Th、Nb、Ta、Zr等不相容元素,并有高的δ~(18)O‰值,表明形成这套岩石的上地幔源区受到了软流圈的交代作用。 相似文献
7.
8.
西昆仑北缘钾镁煌斑岩及超镁铁岩地质特征 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
帕拉提·阿布都卡迪尔 《新疆地质》2000,18(2):163-166
产于塔里木地台铁克力克隆起内的钾镁煌夺岩石化学成分与亚洲钾煌斑岩的平均岩这成分接近,与澳大利亚西后利地区钾镁煌斑岩一致。稀土元素、微量元素组成与世界已 知钾镁煌斑岩具有相同特征。铁克力克隆起南缘柯岗－塔伦深断裂南阔绰人串珠状分布的超镁铁岩体,与钾镁煌斑岩具有相同的地质背景。该深断裂与西昆仑北缘深断裂交汇处是寻找含矿钾镁煌斑岩的有利部位。 相似文献
9.
黔东南钾镁煌斑岩岩石学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黔东南地区位于扬子地台东南缘与江南褶皱系西缘的过渡带。本文以黔东南马坪、麻江地区发现的钾镁煌斑岩体为主要研究对象,通过地质特征、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学等研究,认为马坪地区金云钾镁煌斑岩具基性-超基性岩的标型元素Cr、Ni、Co含量较高,不相容元素总体富集,稀土元素配分模式为右倾型且分异程度较高,与典型钾镁煌斑岩(西澳含金刚石矿钾镁煌斑岩)在岩浆来源、地球化学特征上具有较大的相似性;麻江地区钾镁煌斑岩Al_2O_3、K_2O含量低,轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,轻稀土特高,其岩浆形成温度、地球化学成分上与典型钾镁煌斑岩有较大差异。 相似文献
10.
本文总结了大同采凉山饮牛沟钾镁煌斑岩地质学、岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学与矿物学特征及其形成的区域地质构造背景,与世界典型地区及其它地区的钾镁煌斑岩进行了对比,并探讨了其找矿意义。山西大同地区沿采凉山深断裂分布两个金伯利岩带,一个位于采凉山深断裂北部,与钾镁煌斑岩和煌斑岩共生;另一个位于南部与碱性玄武岩共生,饮牛沟钾镁煌斑岩由六种岩石组成;金云母透辉透长钾镁煌斑岩、霓辉金云透长钾镁煌斑岩、钾碱镁闪石金云钾镁煌斑岩、钾碱镁闪石透辉透长钾镁煌斑岩、金云透长钾镁煌斑岩、金云透辉白榴钾镁煌斑岩。饮牛沟钾镁煌斑岩的主要成分为金云母、单斜辉石、钾碱镁闪石、假象白榴石和透长石,岩石含TiO_2低(0.98%~1.29%)、K/Na(3.18~6.05)和(K+Na)/A1(0.88~1.13)高,Rb、Sr、Ba、Zr含量高,饮牛沟岩体多数岩石为与世界各地相似的钾镁煌斑岩。 相似文献
11.
青藏高原拉萨地块新生代超钾质岩与南北向地堑成因关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
青藏高原拉萨地块广泛分布有新生代超钾质岩,岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征表明这些超钾质岩来源于与古俯冲环境有着密切联系的含金云母的富集地幔源区,它们主要喷发于25~10 Ma。同时在拉萨地块分布有多条南北向地堑(裂谷),且它们的切割深度可能到达下地壳的深部甚至岩石圈地幔,它们主要形成于23~8 Ma。拉萨地块大多数超钾质岩沿着新生代的南北向地堑(裂谷)分布,并且它们在形成时代和空间分布上存在着明显的耦合性,结合沿着印度-雅鲁藏布江缝合带分布的中新世埃达克质岩,笔者认为这些超钾质岩很可能与中新世早期北向俯冲的印度岩石圈沿着印度-雅鲁藏布江缝合带附近发生断离,以及由此而引起拉萨地块东西向伸展构造活动产生的南北向地堑(裂谷)系统有关。 相似文献
12.
Based on original data on the East European and Siberian platforms and materials on the best studied foreign objects, a comparative
analysis of kimberlites and lamproites was conducted and the criteria of their differences were formulated. Among most significant
differences are the following: (1) the high-Mg potassic rocks (kimberlites and lamproites) show major-component variations,
which are significantly wider in lamproites as compared to kimberlites. Kimberlites differ from lamproites not only in the
content of SiO2, but also in alkalis, volatiles, and some trace elements. Kimberlites are characterized by CO2-dominated regime, whereas formation of lamproites was assisted by essentially H2O fluid; (2) Kimberlites are localized within ancient cratons, while within-plate lamproites are restricted to adjacent Proterozoic
belts. Kimberlites are produced in the low-heat flow regions, whereas lamproites occur in the high-heat flow regions; (3)
Kimberlites and lamproites were formed in different time; in particular, most productive kimberlitic magmatism was observed
in the EEP and SP in the Devonian; (4) Kimberlite and lamproite bodies have different morphology: lamproites compose small
subvolcanic bodies with lava flows, while kimberlites form volcanic pipes with no lavas; (5) Kimberlites contain highly silica-undersaturated
minerals, while ultrabasic lamproites—silica-undersaturated ones; priderite and wadeite, the characteristic accessory minerals
of lamproites, are not observed in kimberlites; (6) The primary melts of kimberlites and lamproites were derived from different
types of mantle. The moderate and low-Ti kimberlites were generated from BSE or EMI type mantle. Precisely these types of
kimberlites host diamond deposits, including economic grade objects in EEP. The lamproite sources were localized only in the
enriched mantle (EMI and EMII). At the same time, these rocks share some similarities, primarily, with respect to their genesis
and classification. Diamonds are common accessory minerals of kimberlites (low-Ti and some other types), but are observed
only in only lamproite variety—olivine lamproites. 相似文献
13.
A suggested origin of MARID xenoliths in kimberlites by high pressure crystallization of an ultrapotassic rock such as lamproite 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Frances G. Waters 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1987,95(4):523-533
Chemical, mineralogical and isotopic studies have been made on nodules of the MARID (Mica-Amphibole-Rutile-Ilmenite-Diopside) xenolith suite in southern African kimberlites. All are ultramafic and ultrapotassic (MgO= 20–25%, K2O=4–9%), with bulk compositions reflecting the wide variation in relative proportions of the five minerals amongst the nodules. They are comparable in major element compositions to magnesian lamproites, in particular the ultrabasic olivine-lamproites of Western Australia. In a number of high pressure experimental studies on ultra-potassic rocks, the phases produced between 25–30 kbar from compositions comparable to those of MARID rocks (in the presence of additional water), were predominantly phlogopite and diopside (±K-richterite, ±ilmenite, ±rutile). Furthermore the compositions of experimental minerals produced in the synthetic-biotite-mafurite-H2O system by Edgar et al. (1976) are similar to those in MARID rocks.It is suggested on the basis of these observations and the textural appearance of MARID rocks that they are magmatic compositional equivalents of MgO-rich lamproites that crystallized at high pressures. While lamproites have higher average concentrations of incompatible elements, (including REE), some MARID rocks have comparable abundances. It is suggested that late stage vapour-rich melts carrying substantial REE and other incompatible elements escaped from crystallizing MARID magmas into surrounding subcontinental lithosphere, thus resulting in lower levels of these elements in most MARID rocks. In contrast faster crystallization of lamproitic rocks under volcanic/ hypabyssal conditions would prevent similar losses.The MARID proto-magmas are thought to be either partial melts of metasomatised phlogopite peridotite, or small volume asthenospheric melts which are modified and further enriched by incorporation of small partial melts of enriched subcontinental lithosphere during magma ascent. 相似文献
14.
T. Yellappa N. V. Chalapathi Rao T. R. K. Chetty 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2010,75(4):632-643
Occurrence of two lamproitic dykes intruding the basement granite near Khadka village at the northern margin of the Indravati
Basin, Bastar craton is reported. Combined field, microscopy, XRD, EPMA and whole-rock geochemical investigations reveal that
these lamproites were subjected to high degree of hydrothermal alteration as well as possible metamorphism. However, relicts
of their original textures are well-preserved thereby providing important clues as to the nature of the protolith. Quartz,
carbonate, chlorite and phlogopite constitute the bulk mineralogy whereas spinel, apatite and iron oxides are the accessory
phases. Chemical composition of the groundmass spinels are strikingly similar to those from the lamproites. The Khadka lamproite
dykes display high abundances of compatible elements such as Ni (238–396 ppm), Cr (484–892 ppm), and V (160–200 ppm) as well
as high-field strength elements such as Zr (719–2057 ppm) and Nb (92–126 ppm) that resemble those in lamproites. Khadka lamproites
also have high whole-rock REE abundances (ΣREE up to 1260 ppm) and display fractionated chondrite-normalized REE patterns
(La/Yb= 113–237) which together with their average compatible and incompatible trace elemental ratios (e.g. Nb/Zr, Nb/La,
Ba/Rb) are strikingly similar to those of the Mesoproterozoic Krishna lamproites of the Eastern Dharwar craton. Available
field evidences suggest the Khadka lamproites to be of at least Palaeoproterzoic age (1.88 Ga) which makes them some of the
oldest such rocks as yet documented from the Indian shield. 相似文献
15.
The problem of heterogeneity of the mantle lithosphere of the southwestern portion of the Siberian Platform has been considered, and the diamond content in potential mother lodes within this area has been estimated based on original geochemical data on the rare-element composition of pyropes from diamondiferous lamproites of the Ingashin field within the Prisayan region and ancient dispersion haloes of minerals accompanying diamonds in the area between the Angara and Uda rivers. Pyropes from lamproites are characterized by low concentrations of Zr (0.18–9.05 ppm), Hf (0.03–0.37 ppm), and rare earth elements (Sm 0.04–0.49, Eu 0.02–0.16, and Dy 0.05–0.96 ppm). Pyropes from the Lower Carboniferous Baeron Formation within the Tangui-Chuksha area are significantly different from pyropes of the Ingashin lamproites in high contents of Zr (30.36–139.23 ppm) and Hf (0.4–2.22 ppm). These pyropes are characterized by elevated concentrations of rare earth elements (Sm 1.34–3.68, Eu 0.53–1.17, and Dy 1.0–2.05 ppm). The distribution patterns of rare incompatible elements in pyropes of the Lower Carboniferous Mura massif within the Mura area manifest even stronger differences with pyropes of the Ingashin lamproites and in many respects with pyropes from Lower Carboniferous sediments of the Baeron Formation within the Tangui-Chuksha area. The results obtained indicate that there is no large-scale regional spreading of pyropes from Mid-Riphean lamproite bodies in the course of washout of these bodies and that the mantle lithosphere in the southwestern portion of the Siberian Platform is laterally heterogeneous in mineralogical-geochemical terms. The chemical composition and the peculiar distribution pattern of rare elements in pyropes from lamproites of the Prisayan region indicate a depleted, primarily lherzolite composition of the upper mantle that was transformed through low-temperature potassium metasomatosis. In terms of the chemical and rare-element compositions, pyropes from Lower Carboniferous sediments of the Tangui-Chuksha and Mura areas belong to a wider range of mantle rocks: depleted peridotites, metasomatic peridotites under low (900–1000°C) and high (>1000°C) temperature conditions, and megacrysts. This suggests that the composition of the lithospheric mantle in this area of the southern portion of the Siberian Platform is characterized by a considerably differentiated stratification of mantle rocks, some of which were credibly formed in the diamond stability field. 相似文献
16.
New isotopic-geochemical data are reported on the Late Cretaceous–Paleocene ultrapotassic volcanic rocks of the alkaline–ultrabasic complex of the Valagin Ridge, Eastern Kamchatka. The high Mg, low Ca and Al contents at high K/Na ratios in these rocks make them similar to the Mediterranean-type lamproites and ultrapotassic rocks. The low contents of high-field strength (HFSE) and heavy rare-earth (HREE) elements relative to the MORB composition, and the low Sr and high Nd isotopic ratios indicate the formation of their primary melts from a depleted mantle source. The enrichment of the ultrapotassic rocks in the large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) can be explained by the fluid influx in melts during melting of subsided oceanic crust. 相似文献
17.
塔里木地台南缘发现钾镁煌斑岩 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
首次在塔里木地台南缘皮山县境内找到钾镁煌斑岩,它们呈脉状产出,围岩为白云母石英片岩。该钾镁煌斑岩的岩石化学成分与亚洲钾镁煌斑岩的平均岩石化学成分接近,与澳大利亚西金伯利地区钾镁煌斑岩一致,稀土元素及其配分模式位于世界钾镁煌斑岩的范围之内,其中大多数标本具有已知世界钾镁煌斑岩的共同微量元素特征：具Ｂａ、Ｋ、Ｌａ和Ｃｅ的正异常及Ｔａ、Ｎｂ、Ｓｒ和Ｔｉ的负异常。该钾镁煌斑岩的发现对研究区金刚石找矿和深部地质过程研究均具深远意义。 相似文献
18.
Cores and cuttings of lamproite sills and host sedimentary country rocks in southeastern Kansas from up to 312 m depth were analyzed for major elements in whole rocks and minerals, certain trace elements in whole rocks (including the REE) and Sr isotopic composition of the whole rocks. The lamproites are ultrapotassic (K2O/Na2O = 2.0–19.9), alkalic [molecular (K2O/Na2O)/Al2O3 = 1.3-2.8], enriched in mantle-incompatible elements (light REE, Ba, Rb, Sr, Th, Hf, Ta) and have nearly homogeneous initial Sr isotopic compositions (0.707764-0.708114).
These lamproites could have formed by variable degrees of partial melting of harzburgite country rock and cross-cutting veins composed of phlogopite, K-Ti richterite, titanite, diopside, K-Ti silicates, or K-Ba-phosphate under high H2O/CO2 ratios and reducing conditions. Variability in melting of veins and wall rock and variable composition of the metasomatized veins could explain the significantly different composition of the Kansas lamproites.
Least squares fractionation models preclude the derivation of the Kansas lamproites by fractional crystallization from magmas similar in composition to higher silica phlogopite-sanidine lamproites some believe to be primary lamproite melts found elsewhere. In all but one case, least squares fractionation models also preclude the derivation of magmas similar in composition to any of the Kansas lamproites from one another. A magma similar in composition to the average composition of the higher SiO2 Ecco Ranch lamproite (237.5–247.5 m depth) could, however, have marginally crystallized about 12% richterite, 12% sanidine, 7% diopside and 6% phlogopite to produce the average composition of the Guess lamproite (305–312 m depth).
Lamproite from the Ecco Ranch core is internally fractionated in K2O, Al2O3, Ba, MgO, Fe2O3, Co and Cr most likely by crystal accumulation-removal of ferromagnesian minerals and sanidine. In contrast, the Guess core (305–312 m depth) has little fractionation throughout most of the sill except in several narrow zones. Lamproite in the Guess core has large enrichments in TiO2, Ba, REE, Th, Ta and Sc and depletions in MgO, Cr, Co and Rb possibly concentrated in these narrow zones during the last dregs of crystallization of this magma.
The Ecco Ranch sill did not show any evidence of loss of volatiles or soluble elements into the country rock. This contrasts to the previously studied, shallow Silver City lamproite which did apparently lose H2O-rich fluid to the country rock. Perhaps a greater confining pressure and lesser amount of H2O-rich fluid prevented it from escaping. 相似文献
19.
N.V. Vladykin 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2009,50(12):1119-1128
This paper studies the petrology of K-alkaline lamproite-carbonatite complexes, which are widespread in Siberia. They are exemplified by the Murun and Bilibino massifs in West and Central Aldan. In these massifs, the entire range of differentiates was first found, from K-ultrabasic-alkalic rocks through basic and intermediate ones to alkali granites and unique residual calc-silicate rocks (benstonite Ba-Sr carbonatites and charoite rocks). Also, intrusive equivalents of lamproites occur in these massifs, and the Murun massif was probably formed from highly differentiated lamproite magmas. In many K-alkaline complexes, silicate and silicate-carbonate magma layering takes place. Stages of magmatism are described for both massifs. Binary and ternary petrochemical diagrams exhibit the same compositional trend from early to late rocks.In this paper, lamproites are considered from the chemical point of view; their diagnostic properties are described in terms of chemical and mineral composition. From geological, petrological, and geochemical data, formational analysis of alkaline complexes was performed, four formational types of world lamproites were first identified, and diamond content criteria were developed for them.The carbonatite problem was studied from the petrological point of view, and four formational types of carbonatites were identified using geological, geochemical, and genetic criteria. It has been suggested that for dividing carbonatite complexes into four formational types the following criteria be used: the alkalinity type (Na or K) of alkalic rocks in the complex and the time when the carbonatite liquid separates from silicate melts in different stages of primary magma differentiation. These linked parameters influence the ore content type of carbonatite complexes.A formation model for K-alkaline carbonatite complexes is given, and the Tomtor alkaline carbonatite massif with tuffaceous rare-metal ores is described to prove that they have ore reserves. The geochemistry of C, O, Sr, and Nd isotopes shows that K-alkaline complexes, depending on their geotectonic setting, can originate from three types of mantle sources: depleted mantle, enriched mantle 1 (EM1), and enriched mantle 2 (EM2). It is concluded that ore-bearing ultrabasic-alkaline complexes of lamproites and carbonatites can melt out of different types of mantle, whose composition only slightly influences their ore content. Apparently, the main factors are the low degree of selective mantle melting (less than 1%) and plumes supplying fluid and alkaline components, which stimulate this melting. Later on, the processes important for the accumulation of ore and trace elements are long-term magma differentiation and its layering during crystallization. 相似文献
20.
《Chemical Geology》2007,236(3-4):291-302
The probable sources of some of the famous Indian diamonds are the 1.2 Ga old Krishna lamproites of Southern India, a rare Proterozoic occurrence of lamproites which are usually Cretaceous or younger in age. In this study we report Nd, Sr, Pb and Hf isotopes and multiple trace element concentrations of the Krishna lamproites. The goals are to evaluate mantle-processes and the petrogenesis of these ultrapotassic rocks of extreme chemical composition in light of these geochemical data, including their major element compositions.The Krishna lamproites show nearly uniform, parallel rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns with high concentrations and extreme light-REE enrichment (La/Yb(N) = 41–88), high average concentrations of Ba (∼ 1200 ppm), Sr (∼ 1200 ppm), Zr (∼ 930 ppm), La (∼ 230 ppm), high U/Pb and Th/U ratios with notable absence of any Eu-anomaly. These rocks are typically porphyritic without any evidence of crystal accumulation, and have moderately high Mg-numbers (59–73) along with high Ni (average ∼ 301 ppm, highest 819 ppm) and Cr (average ∼ 183 ppm, highest 515 ppm) concentrations that show a positive correlation with MgO (wt.%), implying a role of olivine in the melt source. The low SiO2 content (lowest 37.8%, average 49%) and high Nb (average 147 ppm), Zr, Sr, as well as Ni and Cr in these rocks indicate lack of upper continental crustal contribution in the genesis of these rocks. The initial Pb-isotopic composition of these lamproites is unusual in that in a 207Pb/204Pb vs. 206Pb/204Pb plot, these rocks plot to the left of the 1.2 Ga geochron (age of emplacement), unlike most mantle-derived rocks. This Pb-isotopic signature and the superchondritic Nb/Ta ratios (average 23.6) of these rocks rule out their derivation from a metasomatized sub-continental lithospheric mantle. The high 207Pb/204Pb at low 206Pb/204Pb indicates an Archean component in the source of these rocks. We argue that this Archean crustal component, which produced the low-SiO2 lamproites along with the high Ni and Cr must have been ultrabasic, and we propose a model in which these lamproites formed by partial melting of metasomatized, subducted Archean komatiite in a peridotite mantle-source assemblage. In addition, these rocks display initial Hf isotopic compositions similar to Al-depleted komatiites, and high Nb/U, Nb/Th, and TiO2 as well as low Al2O3/TiO2 ratios (1.1–4.2) and average CaO/Al2O3 of ∼ 1.6 that are also similar to Archean komatiites. This is also supported by the initial Pb isotopic composition of the Krishna lamproites, requiring evolution in a variably high U/Pb, Th/Pb reservoir early in earth history, possibly resulting from preferential segregation of Pb relative to U and Th in the sulfides of the komatiite.The Al-depleted subducted komatiitic component was enriched by carbonate metasomatism in the peridotitic mantle. This metasomatism was responsible for the observed Nd–Hf isotope characteristics, specifically variable εNd(T) at relatively constant εHf(T) in the lamproites. This Nd–Hf-isotopic characteristic seems to be common in global lamproites of all ages. Our proposed model for the genesis of the Krishna lamproites involving a subducted komatiitic source may also be applicable for other global lamproites from cratonic settings, as older komatiite-bearing subducted crustal components were possibly ubiquitous in the architecture of ancient cratonic mantle. 相似文献