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1.
空间变异土坡可靠度问题应该视为系统可靠度问题,多重响应面法为高效、准确地对其进行求解提供了一条有效途径。针对单一滑面确定了合理的空间变异土坡安全系数的响应面形式,并探讨了可靠度分析精度和随机场离散精度间的近似线性关系。建立基于大量潜在滑面的多重响应面,计算系统失效概率,并识别其中的代表性滑面。通过两个土坡算例验证所提方法的有效性。结果表明:随着空间变异性的增强,土坡可靠度的系统性增强,单一滑面的失效概率将显著低估土坡整体失效概率;通过控制随机场离散精度,可以事先保证一定的可靠度分析精度,从而有效地避免离散出过多并不重要的随机变量;合理地选择多重响应面形式有利于进一步提高计算效率和计算精度;多重响应面法可以同时分析所有潜在滑面的失效概率以及系统失效概率,并识别出代表性滑面,为边坡防治提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
如何有效地评价边坡的系统可靠度并识别出对边坡稳定性具有重要影响的关键滑面一直是边坡稳定性分析的关键问题。提出了基于广义子集模拟的边坡系统可靠度分析方法及代表性滑面识别方法,并推导了基于广义子集模拟的边坡系统可靠度计算公式及边坡中滑面对边坡系统失效的相对贡献量化公式。基于广义子集模拟计算结果,采用概率网络评价方法识别边坡代表性滑面。以一个双层黏性土坡和芝加哥国会切坡算例验证了所提方法的有效性。结果表明:提出的基于广义子集模拟的边坡系统可靠度分析方法可有效地估计边坡系统及其单一滑面的失效概率,对于具有低失效概率水平边坡可靠度的求解,其计算效率明显优于传统蒙特卡洛模拟方法。此外,对于单个失效模式而言,广义子集模拟与子集模拟计算效率相当。对于多个失效模式的失效概率计算问题,广义子集模拟不需要重复对每个失效模式失效概率进行计算,计算效率明显优于子集模拟。提出的代表性滑面选择方法是在系统失效概率及单滑面失效概率的高效计算基础上实现的,代表性滑动面能够较好地代表边坡系统失效,从而有效地降低了边坡系统失效概率对代表性滑面数目及代表性滑面失效概率估计准确性的依赖性。  相似文献   

3.
常用的计算失效模式间近似相关系数存在一定的误差,采用Pearson相关系数准确地表征边坡失效模式间相关性。基于近似相关系数和Pearson相关系数,研究了土体参数空间变异性对边坡失效模式间相关性、代表性失效模式数目、边坡系统失效概率上、下限3方面的影响。简要介绍了选取边坡代表性滑动面的风险聚类法以及系统失效概率上、下限的Ditlevsen双模界限公式。以单层和两层边坡为例研究了近似相关系数的适用性。结果表明:常用的近似相关系数不能考虑土体参数空间变异性对边坡失效模式间相关性的影响,而Pearson相关系数能够有效地反映土体参数空间变异性对边坡失效模式间相关性的影响。当土体参数空间变异性较弱时,近似相关系数与Pearson相关系数间差别明显,基于近似相关系数会选取过多的代表性滑动面,不能有效地反映边坡代表性破坏模式。此外,基于近似相关系数计算的边坡系统失效概率上限会超过1,系统失效概率上、下限范围很宽,使得系统失效概率上、下限失去了意义。相比之下,基于Pearson相关系数计算的边坡系统失效概率上、下限范围较窄,能够有效地反映系统失效概率变化情况。  相似文献   

4.
考虑参数空间变异性的非饱和土坡可靠度分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在考虑多个土体参数空间变异性的基础上,提出了基于拉丁超立方抽样的非饱和土坡稳定可靠度分析的非侵入式随机有限元法。利用Hermite随机多项式展开拟合边坡安全系数与输入参数间的隐式函数关系,采用拉丁超立方抽样技术产生输入参数样本点,通过Karhunen-Loève展开方法离散土体渗透系数、有效黏聚力和内摩擦角随机场,并编写了计算程序NISFEM-KL-LHS。研究了该方法在稳定渗流条件下非饱和土坡可靠度分析中的应用。结果表明:非侵入式随机有限元法为考虑多个土体参数空间变异性的非饱和土坡可靠度问题提供了一种有效的分析工具。土体渗透系数空间变异性和坡面降雨强度对边坡地下水位和最危险滑动面位置均有明显的影响。当降雨强度与饱和渗透系数的比值大于0.01时,边坡失效概率急剧增加。当土体参数变异性或者参数间负相关性较大时,忽略土体参数空间变异性会明显高估边坡失效概率。  相似文献   

5.
李小春  袁维  白冰  石露 《岩土力学》2014,35(3):847-854
边坡最危险滑动面的搜索方法一直是研究的热点,但边坡内部次级滑动面也可能不满足安全设计要求,因此,考虑边坡多条滑动面的分析方法亦应得到关注。在传统强度折减法中,对边坡整个区域的抗剪强度参数进行折减,此方法仅可得到一个临界滑动面和最小安全系数。提出了一种基于局部强度折减法的多滑面分析方法,即首先定义单元安全系数的概念,并且计算边坡每个单元的安全系数,然后自动搜索出单元安全系数处于不同范围内的单元集合,对各个单元集合的强度参数进行折减计算,即可得到不同安全系数对应的滑动面。通过单台阶和双台阶边坡算例验证了该方法的可行性,结果表明,随着安全系数的增大,潜在滑面的深度和潜在滑动区域亦增大。最后把该方法应用到某隧道进口仰坡的稳定性评价中, 通过该方法得到的多级滑动面与现场监测数据吻合较好。  相似文献   

6.
蒋水华  李典庆 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):629-633
多层土坡在岩土工程实际中十分常见,不仅土体参数存在一定的空间变异性,而且土体框架呈现明显的层状分布特征,然而目前对考虑土体参数空间变异性的多层土坡稳定可靠度研究的远远不够。提出了基于多重响应面边坡系统可靠度分析的蒙特卡洛模拟(MCS)方法,给出了计算流程图,系统地研究了考虑土体参数空间变异性的多层土坡系统可靠度问题。结果表明,提出方法能够有效地分析考虑参数空间变异性低失效概率水平的多层土坡系统可靠度问题,并且具有较高的参数敏感性分析计算效率。  相似文献   

7.
吴兴正  蒋良潍  罗强  孔德惠  张良 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z2):665-672
基于均质路堤边坡Monte Carlo法的稳定可靠度计算,分析了临界滑面搜索策略和稳定分析方法两类模型不确定性对边坡可靠度的影响特性,讨论了边坡失效概率随土工参数变异性的变化规律。研究表明,选用不同的临界滑面搜索策略所得可靠度结果差异不大,参数滑面法(overall slope)的失效概率略大于均值滑面法(global minimum),但差别对边坡稳定性分析没有实质性影响;土性参数变异水平是影响边坡可靠度的最重要因素,边坡在相同设计参数安全系数下的可靠度指标随参数变异性增大而急剧降低;不同稳定性分析方法对应的安全系数概率密度函数曲线形态基本一致,但失效概率差异明显,因此目标可靠度指标取值应与稳定性分析方法相适应。提出的考虑土工参数变异水平的安全系数取值修正原则,对改进确定性设计的边坡稳定分析技术有积极意义。  相似文献   

8.
孙长宁  曹净  宋志刚 《岩土力学》2014,35(4):1211-1216
基坑存在多种失效模式,考虑失效模式之间的相关性,双界限法计算体系失效概率存在计算结果区间范围较大的弊端。利用均匀试验和非参数回归方法建立响应面,在响应面的基础上,对Monte Carlo模拟生成的随机参数进行插值,得到各个失效模式指标,结合Pearson相关系数检验两两失效模式之间的相关性,用条件概率方法计算基坑体系失效概率,提出了基于条件概率考虑多失效模式相关的基坑体系可靠度分析方法。在此基础上,通过1个典型算例进行对比分析,计算结果表明,该方法不仅计算简便,而且结果可靠,其结果可为基坑体系可靠度分析理论提供一条新的途径。  相似文献   

9.
提出基于非侵入式随机有限元法的边坡可靠度分析方法,并编写计算程序NISFEM。采用有限元滑面应力法计算边坡安全系数,将Hermite随机多项式展开与SIGMA/W和SLOPE/W模块有机结合实现边坡可靠度非侵入式随机分析。根据随机多项式展开系数,给出边坡安全系数前4阶统计矩(均值、标准差、偏度和峰度)和Sobol指标解析表达式,并采用Sobol指标进行边坡可靠度参数敏感性分析。最后,以均质土坡可靠度问题为例,证明该方法在边坡可靠度分析中的有效性。结果表明,边坡可靠度分析的非侵入式随机有限元法能够有效地考虑边坡变形对边坡可靠度的影响,计算效率远远高于蒙特卡罗模拟方法(MCS),是解决复杂边坡可靠度问题一种有效地分析手段;黏聚力和内摩擦角变异性对边坡安全系数前四阶统计矩具有明显的影响,重度变异性对安全系数前4阶统计矩几乎没有影响;抗剪强度参数间负相关性对边坡安全系数均值几乎没有影响,但对安全系数标准差、偏度和峰度均有明显的影响。此外,随着抗剪强度参数间负相关性的增加,边坡安全系数由近似正态分布逐渐变为明显的非正态分布。  相似文献   

10.
《岩土力学》2017,(Z1):255-262
通过反向采用极向条分的极限分析上限法获取临界强度参数对,拟合得到预应力锚索边坡对应的抗震全局极限响应面方程,将其作为内核函数使用Monte Carlo模拟得到特定地震烈度下的预应力锚索加固边坡的失稳概率和可靠度指标,避免直接使用极限分析上限法而造成的抽样和寻优算法的冗余嵌套。将该方法应用于预应力锚索加固边坡算例中,并将抗震全局极限响应面与基于"均值最不利滑动面"的极限响应面进行了对比,结果表明全局极限滑动面所得失稳概率较大,特定滑面的极限响应面法偏于不安全。进一步分析了锚索参数对边坡抗震失稳概率的影响以及失稳概率与可靠度的关系曲线,表明该方法很好地兼顾了变异参数空间的全局性以及计算的高效性,可以为基于可靠度的预应力锚索边坡抗震设计提供理论参考。  相似文献   

11.
This paper develops a risk de-aggregation and system reliability approach to evaluate the slope failure probability, pf, using representative slip surfaces together with MCS. An efficient procedure is developed to strategically select the candidate representative slip surfaces, and a risk de-aggregation approach is proposed to quantify contribution of each candidate representative slip surface to the pf, identify the representative slip surfaces, and determine how many representative slip surfaces are needed for estimating the pf with reasonable accuracy. Risk de-aggregation is performed by collecting the failure samples generated in MCS and analyzing them statistically. The proposed methodology is illustrated through a cohesive soil slope example and validated against results from previous studies. When compared with the previous studies, the proposed approach substantially improves the computational efficiency in probabilistic slope stability analysis. The proposed approach is used to explore the effect of spatial variability on the pf. It is found that, when spatial variability is ignored or perfect correlation assumed, the pf of the whole slope system can be solely attributed to a single representative slip surface. In this case, it is theoretically appropriate to use only one slip surface in the reliability analysis. As the spatial variability becomes growingly significant, the number of representative slip surfaces increases, and all representative slip surfaces (i.e., failure modes) contribute more equally to the overall system risk. The variation of failure modes has substantial effect on the pf, and all representative surfaces have to be incorporated properly in the reliability analysis. The risk de-aggregation and system reliability approach developed in this paper provides a practical and efficient means to incorporate such a variation of failure modes in probabilistic slope stability analysis.  相似文献   

12.
System effects should be considered in the probabilistic analysis of a layered soil slope due to the potential existence of multiple failure modes. This paper presents a system reliability analysis approach for layered soil slopes based on multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The proposed approach is achieved in a two-phase process. First, MARS is constructed based on a group of training samples that are generated by Latin hypercube sampling (LHS). MARS is validated by a specific number of testing samples which are randomly generated per the underlying distributions. Second, the established MARS is integrated with MCS to estimate the system failure probability of slopes. Two types of multi-layered soil slopes (cohesive slope and cφ slope) are examined to assess the capability and validity of the proposed approach. Each type of slope includes two examples with different statistics and system failure probability levels. The proposed approach can provide an accurate estimation of the system failure probability of a soil slope. In addition, the proposed approach is more accurate than the quadratic response surface method (QRSM) and the second-order stochastic response surface method (SRSM) for slopes with highly nonlinear limit state functions (LSFs). The results show that the proposed MARS-based MCS is a favorable and useful tool for the system reliability analysis of soil slopes.  相似文献   

13.
Multiple response surfaces for slope reliability analysis   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
This paper develops a multiple response surfaces approach to approximate the limit state function for slope failure by second‐order polynomial functions, to incorporate the variation of the most probable slip surfaces, and to evaluate the slope failure probability pf. The proposed methodology was illustrated through a cohesive soil slope example. It is shown that the pf values estimated from multiple response surfaces agree well with those pf values that have been obtained by searching a large number of potential slip surfaces in each Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) sample. The variation of number of the most probable slip surfaces is studied at different scale of fluctuation (λ) values. It is found that when full correlation assumed for each of random fields (i.e., spatial variability is ignored), the number of the most probable slip surfaces is equal to the number of random fields (in this study, it is 3). When the spatial variability grows significantly, the number of the most probable slip surfaces or number of multiple response surfaces firstly increases evidently to a higher value and then varies slightly. In addition, the contribution of a specific most probable slip surface varies dramatically at different spatial variability level, and therefore, the variation of the most probable slip surfaces should be accounted for in the reliability analysis. The multiple response surfaces approach developed in this paper provides a limit equilibrium method and MCS‐based means to incorporate such a variation of the most probable slip surfaces in slope reliability analysis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

14.
Owing to the complicated slope stratigraphy (e.g., multiple soil layers and multiple benches or gradients in side slopes), multiple failure surfaces for slope stability have been recognized in geotechnical discipline. This paper aims to develop a systematic and probabilistic approach to locate the multiple failure surfaces combining the traditional limit equilibrium method with Monte Carlo Simulation. Each of the multiple failure surfaces is selected from a large pool of failure surfaces and the correlation coefficient between two failure surfaces in factor of safety (FS) is adopted to characterize the extent to which two failure surfaces are correlated. After eliminating those highly correlated failure surfaces, the multiple failure surfaces can be gradually identified. The number of failure samples and the number of exclusive failure samples corresponding to each of multiple failure surfaces are determined within the proposed methodology. These data are reanalyzed to find the critical failure surface with the maximum failure probability, the critical failure surface with maximum simplified risk, and those failure surfaces dominating the risk of slope failure. The proposed approach is illustrated through two examples excerpted from the literature and validated against the results from the commercial software package and literature. The comparative study manifests that the critical failure surface with the minimum FS does not always coincide with that with the maximum failure probability and with the maximum simplified risk. In addition to FS, the failure surfaces should be received much attention. The proposed methodology provides an effective tool in decision making for slope stabilization and rehabilitation process.  相似文献   

15.
刘晓  唐辉明  熊承仁  刘清秉 《岩土力学》2015,36(5):1428-1443
提出一种考虑能量-时间分布的边坡动力可靠性分析方法。该方法将动态最危险滑动面及其稳定系数以时间序列加以刻画,并根据边坡动力反应的能量分布特征,提取持续时间统计窗,用于对上述时间序列的统计分析,以获取边坡动力模糊失效概率、边坡动力可靠度指标和基于保证率的边坡动力稳定系数。以澳大利亚计算机应用协会边坡稳定考核题为例,应用上述新方法考察其在芦山7.0级主震波形条件下的稳定性,研究了在不同统计窗下的边坡动力可靠性。案例分析表明: (1)新方法能够抓住影响边坡动力稳定的主要时间段,使分析结果更为凝练、可信。(2)通过引入边坡失效状态的模糊判别,使得可靠性评价中能够考虑模糊性,解决了以往常规方法区分度不够的问题。(3)基于保证率的边坡动力稳定系数具有很好的应用前景,它在内涵上体现了可靠性分析,在形式上与静力稳定系数的定义兼容,在数值上反映了边坡瞬时动力稳定系数的保守估计值,在实践上与现行规范的拟静力法具有良好的可比性,因而具有多方面的优势。(4)就本案例而言,动力条件下最危险滑动面的发育位置趋向于静力条件下的最危险滑动面,体现了依据静力和拟静力理论框架所进行的防护工程设计,在动力条件下仍然具有积极的意义。(5)新方法对定量研究现行边坡规范的抗震设计冗余提供了一条途径。提出的新方法为边坡抗震研究提供了新的思路、方法和可供参考的实例。  相似文献   

16.
边坡可靠度分析的一种新的优化求解方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了Low & Tang提出的一种新的可靠度优化求解方法,并将之用于边坡可靠度分析中:该方法适用于任何概率分布的相关变量,不必计算当量正态均值和方差、相关变量独立变换,直接在变量的原始空间内搜索边坡的最小可靠指标和概率临界滑面,可采用任何合适的约束优化方法进行求解,方法清晰简洁。边坡可靠度分析常用的滑面有2个:最小安全系数(变量均值处)对应的确定性临界滑面和最小可靠指标对应的概率临界滑面,但这2个滑面在有些情况下差别较大,Hassan & Wolff提出了一种简化方法可以方便地获得概率临界滑面,但由于方法简单,受到质疑。通过一系列算例分析,优化求解方法得到的概率临界滑面和Hassan & Wolff的简化方法滑面非常接近,显示了简化方法的有效性,值得在工程实践中推广。  相似文献   

17.
吴震宇  陈建康 《岩土力学》2018,39(2):699-704
针对土坡稳定体系可靠度分析问题,提出了一种分析方法框架,包括采用缩减方差抽样技术生成随机变量样本值、采用全局优化算法搜索边坡最小安全系数、采用Monte-Carlo法计算边坡体系可靠度3个主要部分。在此框架下,建立了一种较为简便实用的高土石坝坝坡稳定体系可靠度分析方法。该方法采用拉丁超立方抽样技术生成随机变量的样本值,再用商业软件STAB搜索相应的坝坡最小安全系数,最后用可靠指标法或Monte-Carlo法计算坝坡体系可靠度。工程算例表明,筑坝材料强度参数的随机不确定性对坝坡临界滑弧的位置影响较大,坝坡稳定体系可靠度小于单一滑动面的坝坡稳定最小可靠度,提出的方法可用于实际工程坝坡稳定体系可靠度分析。  相似文献   

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