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1.
老牛山杂岩体位于华北地块南缘。野外侵入关系和锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年显示,其由晚三叠世(印支期)和晚侏罗(燕山期)花岗质岩石组成。印支期岩石类型为石英二长岩、石英闪长岩和粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩,年龄分别为223±1Ma、222±1Ma和214±1Ma; 燕山期为中粒-中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩和细粒-中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩,年龄分别为152±1Ma和146±1Ma。印支期石英闪长岩、石英二长岩的SiO2相对含量低、富碱、高铝,为钾玄系列,准铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩;印支期粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩具富硅、碱、高铝、低镁的特点,属于高钾钙碱性系列,为准铝质-过铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩;燕山期黑云母二长花岗岩具高硅和铝、富碱,低镁的特点,为高钾钙碱性系列,准铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩。组成老牛山杂岩体的花岗岩从早到晚SiO2含量由低变高,MgO、CaO和Na2O由高变低。各期次岩石均表现出稀土元素总量较高,轻稀土元素明显富集,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,具有较弱的铕异常。两期花岗质岩石均富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba、Sr),而相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P)。印支期花岗质岩石的全岩εNd(t)为-11.3~-14.87,tDM为1.7~1.9Ga,锆石的εHf(t)为-9.57~-25.11,tDM2为1863~2841Ma;燕山期花岗岩的全岩εNd(t)为-13.32~-16.83,tDM为 1.7~1.9Ga,锆石的εHf(t)为-18.28~-24.79,tDM2 为2360~2767Ma,表明该杂岩体的源区物质以壳源物质为主,可能与太古宙太华群相似,印支期有年轻地幔物质贡献。  相似文献   

2.
福建漳州角美花岗岩与闪长质包体的岩石成因及意义   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  
本文选择福建沿海漳州地区的角美花岗岩和包体进行了锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素地球化学研究。结果表明,黑云母花岗闪长岩(106.4±1.8Ma)和岩体中的闪长质包体(105.6±1.0Ma 和106.5±1.0Ma)具有相同的锆石U-Pb年龄,为同期岩浆作用的产物,它们都是高钾钙碱性系列偏铝质岩石。花岗闪长岩具有相对较为均一的锆石Hf同位素组成(εHf(t)=2.2~3.7),表明其为新生地壳部分熔融的产物。闪长质包体具有更亏损的锆石Hf组成(εHf(t)=0.9~5.5)。地球化学数据结合野外证据表明岩体形成过程中经历了岩浆混合作用。福建沿海地区96~106Ma岩浆作用的发育处于古太平洋板片俯冲造成的伸展背景。  相似文献   

3.
长江中下游是中国东部中生代大规模成矿的重要地区之一,是我国东部一个重要的Cu-Fe-Au-Mo多金属成矿区带。本文以鄂东南地区铁山岩体和金山店岩体为研究对像,利用原位LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年和锆石Hf同位素分析方法,探讨该地区岩体成因以及岩浆作用与成矿作用。铁山石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为138.9±0.96Ma(样品jls1-110)、138.2±0.94Ma(样品jls3)、131.0±1.2Ma(样品jls4)和118.9±1.2Ma(样品jls5),金山店石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为128.6±0.88Ma(样品jsd),为早白垩世、燕山晚期。铁山岩体石英闪长岩εHf(0)为负值,εHf(t)为负值(-17.3707~-8.31555),一阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM1)平均为1.33Ga,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)平均为2.03Ga;金山店岩体石英闪长岩εHf(0)为负值,εHf(t)为负值(-7.81135~-3.45982),一阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM1)平均为1.03Ga,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)平均为1.56Ga。铁山和金山店石英闪长岩样品中锆石Hf同位素组成特征显示该地区为岩体形成时有壳源物质参加的这一可能性,为长江中下游壳源岩浆提供补充。在结合已有的岩石学、地球化学以及矿床同位素年龄资料基础上,可以推断出鄂东南地区早白垩世矽卡岩型铁矿床形成于岩石圈伸展-减薄环境。  相似文献   

4.
东北地区古生代花岗岩分布范围非常广泛,花岗岩研究对反演地壳增生意义重大。虽然如此,东部地区古生代花岗岩的研究仍相对薄弱,需要特别关注。 LA-ICPMS U-Pb 同位素定年结果表明,本研究花岗岩体为晚中生代海西期(262Ma)岩浆活动的产物。锆石的LA-MC-ICPMS Hf 同位素研究结果显示,εHf(t)范围为1.35~5.62,二阶段 Hf 模式年龄(tDM2)范围为1.1~1.4Ga,暗示花岗岩源区物质主要来自亏损地幔,同时暗示了一次重要的地壳增生事件。  相似文献   

5.
采用LA-MC-ICP-MS手段对敦煌地块中敦煌群的白云母石英片岩、石榴斜长角闪岩、石榴黑云斜长片麻岩和长英质伟晶岩脉中的锆石进行了U-Pb 和Lu-Hf同位素分析,获得白云母石英片岩碎屑岩浆锆石的207Pb/206Pb表面年龄为1545~756Ma,主要集中在1200~1000Ma,表明地层的最大沉积时代为756Ma,蚀源区存在中、新元古代的岩浆事件。白云母石英片岩锆石的εHf(t)分为两组,一组为正值,εHf(t)=1.2~10.1,单阶段模式年龄为tDM=1.09~1.66Ga;一组为负值,εHf(t)=-1~-16,两阶段模式年龄为tDM2=1.91~2.42Ga。表明蚀源区存在古元古代、中元古代的再造地壳。石榴斜长角闪岩的两粒捕获锆石的年龄为2272Ma 和1208Ma,εHf(t)为-3和14,tDM2和tDM为2.82Ga和1.1Ga,暗示捕获区存在太古代再造地壳和中元古代晚期新生地壳。石榴斜长角闪岩碎屑锆石的Th/U比值为0.02~0.42,206Pb/238U年龄为441±5Ma,代表了岩石遭受变质作用的时代。石榴黑云斜长片麻岩中的碎屑锆石与长英质伟晶岩脉中的继承锆石特征相同,锆石年龄集中在3个峰值区间:2.2~2.1Ga,1.8~1.6Ga,1.2~0.8Ga,相应的的εHf(t)分别为-9~4,-5.4~15,-27~20,相应锆石的模式年龄分别为3.1~2.4Ga,2.6~1.4Ga,3.1~1.7Ga,均大于其形成年龄,表明蚀源区锆石来自于再循环的新太古代、古元古代和中元古代地壳,样品代表的地层的最大沉积时代为新元古代早期。岩石中检测出早古生代的变质锆石, 206Pb/238U年龄为464~422Ma,可能代表了沉积岩的变质时代。敦煌群锆石U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素表明蚀源区岩石类型和时代的多样性,也表明部分敦煌群不是前寒武纪的变质基底,而是塔里木盆地变质基底之上新元古代的沉积盖层,后卷入了我国西北部早古生代的造山事件。  相似文献   

6.
赵瑞幅  郭敬辉  彭澎  刘富 《岩石学报》2011,27(6):1607-1623
恒山高级片麻岩地体位于华北克拉通中部构造带,主体是形成于晚太古代~2.5Ga的TTG片麻岩和少量变质火山沉积岩,并且经历了古元古代末~1.85Ga的高级变质作用。近年来,在恒山片麻岩地体中识别出一套钾质花岗岩小侵入体群,主要岩性是角闪石二长花岗岩和黑云母二长花岗岩。本文针对这套花岗岩,采用LA-ICP-MS和Cameca 1280型离子探针进行锆石U-Pb定年,获得角闪石二长花岗岩岩浆锆石谐和年龄2052±17Ma和2084±4Ma,黑云母二长花岗岩岩浆锆石谐和年龄2060±18Ma和2083±15Ma。它们在误差范围内一致,代表花岗岩的形成时代。花岗岩锆石Hf同位素和全岩Nd同位素亏损地幔模式年龄分别为2.48~2.60Ga和2.43~2.68Ga,与围岩TTG片麻岩模式年龄范围基本一致。εHf(t) 和εNd(t)主要分布范围分别为-6.0~0.6和-3.3~-1.7,未显示同期幔源物质的添加。据此可以推断,这些钾质花岗岩是恒山晚太古代TTG岩石在~2.1Ga部分熔融的产物。该期岩浆活动在华北克拉通已识别出多处,恒山地区的这期岩浆活动显示了地壳重熔特征。结合五台、阜平等地对于同期事件的研究,我们推测这些区域上~2.1Ga的岩浆活动形成于拉张裂解环境中。  相似文献   

7.
西秦岭造山带在早中生代发育了以印支早期(245~234Ma)和印支晚期(225~205Ma)两期高钾钙碱性花岗岩占绝对优势,并伴有少量火山岩的强烈岩浆活动。本文报道的西秦岭宕昌火山岩总体上是一套以流纹岩为主,并含粗面岩和英安岩的酸性火山岩组合。流纹岩锆石U-Pb测年结果为229Ma,限定其喷发时代为晚三叠世早期。宕昌火山岩属于过铝质的高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列,以富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K并相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P为特征,(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7048~0.7068,εNd(t)=-4.3~-4.0,亏损地幔模式年龄(tDM)为1.20~1.24Ga。宕昌火山岩起源于下地壳富钾变基性岩的部分熔融,部分岩浆还可能受到了少量地幔或上地壳物质的混染,源区深度约40km。西秦岭地块存在扬子型的中新元古代基底,但不同地段的基底特征存在较大差异。华北板块与扬子板块在西秦岭地区的初始碰撞可能接近229Ma,宕昌火山岩则形成于以整体挤压为主、局部剪切伸展为辅的地壳逐渐加厚的动力学环境。  相似文献   

8.
张松  王永彬  褚少雄 《岩石学报》2012,28(2):544-556
海沟岩体位于华北克拉通北缘东段,由二长岩和二长花岗岩组成。本文对该岩体主微量元素、Sr-Nd-Hf同位素和锆石的U-Pb年龄进行了系统研究。高精度锆石U-Pb年龄测试结果表明,二长岩和二长花岗岩形成的精确年龄分别为322.9±3.4Ma和320.3±3.5Ma,为海西期构造-岩浆活动产物。海沟岩体为准铝质-弱过铝质的I型花岗岩,其K2O/Na2O比值介于0.51~0.93之间,A/CNK介于0.87~0.94之间。微量元素方面表现为轻稀土富集、轻重稀土分馏明显、弱铕正异常、大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、K)富集,以及高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti、P)相对亏损等。锶同位素初始比值为(87Sr/86Sr)i= 0.7054~0.7059, εNd(t)=-10.4~-8.6,亏损地幔的钕模式年龄分别介于1.84~1.99Ga和1.84~1.93Ga之间。二长岩和二长花岗岩锆石的εHf(t)变化范围分别为-7.6~-0.8和-11.5~-5.4,对应的两阶段Hf模式年龄分别为1.39~1.81Ga和1.67~2.06Ga。同位素特征表明两者可能来自中元古代和古元古代的下地壳物质的部分熔融,并可能有较多地幔物质的加入。根据其形成时代、岩石地球化学、同位素特征以及区域地质演化史,认为海沟岩体的形成可能与古生代古亚洲洋消减作用密切相关。  相似文献   

9.
镁铁质岩石所反映出的壳幔作用信息可以为地壳增生发生的时间和方式提供可靠的证据。本文报道了南部拉萨地块东段朗县至米林之间晚白垩世镁铁质岩石的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学以及锆石Hf同位素数据。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,角闪辉长岩侵位于98~88Ma,高Al2O3(17.25%~19.46%),低MgO含量(3.89%~5.07%)及Mg#(44~50),与高铝玄武岩特征相似,属于中钾钙碱性岩石,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)、亏损高场强元素(HFSE),铕异常不明显(δEu=0.82~1.06),(87Sr/86Sr)i值为0.70427,εNd(t)值为3.0,具有高且正的锆石εHf(t)值(+11.8~+17.2)。这些晚白垩世镁铁质岩石可能是来自俯冲板片的沉积物熔体交代地幔楔物质发生部分熔融并经历一定程度镁铁质矿物分离结晶作用产物。  相似文献   

10.
西藏早侏罗世聂荣岩体中偏基性包体与酸性寄主岩的岩浆源区性质和岩石成因以及相互关系尚未得到很好约束,直接限制了对聂荣微陆块在早侏罗世特提斯构造岩浆演化中的作用的认识。为探讨这一问题,本文对采自聂荣地区的一对花岗岩及其闪长岩包体样品进行了锆石U-Pb定年和原位Hf同位素分析。寄主花岗岩的结晶年龄为185.1±1.5Ma,闪长岩包体的结晶年龄为183.6±1.1Ma,指示酸性岩浆和基性岩浆同时侵位。寄主花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)值介于-17.8~-0.9,其Hf同位素地壳模式年龄变化于1.3~2.4Ga,闪长岩包体的锆石εHf(t)值和Hf同位素地壳模式年龄值分别分布于-11.9~-2.9和1.4~2.0Ga,均表现出很大的变化范围。同时于~185Ma结晶的两种岩浆锆石Hf同位素的不均一性和继承锆石的出现,指示了聂荣微陆块早侏罗世中期发生了古老基底深熔或重熔的熔体和富集岩石圈地幔来源的岩浆间的混合,之后再与围岩混染的岩浆作用过程。  相似文献   

11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete.  相似文献   

12.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

13.
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation.  相似文献   

14.
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area.  相似文献   

15.
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。  相似文献   

16.
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological (i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates) controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were <20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is lost to sediments.  相似文献   

17.
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18.
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type.  相似文献   

19.
在野外地质调查的基础上，选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩，进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO，低MgO，具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高，具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集，中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异，轻微的Eu异常；玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大，但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常，部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常，无Zr、Hf负异常，与岛弧火山岩不同；同时Nb、Ta无分异，Zr/Hf值较高，具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为，滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用，同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。  相似文献   

20.
岑巩县羊桥乡罗家塘杷榔组仅出露中-上部地层,岩性单一,均为青灰、灰绿色粉砂质泥、页岩.在其上部层位发现了俞氏贵州始海百合(Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao,Parsley et Peng,2007),计有棘皮动物始海百合、腕足动物、软体动物-软舌螺、节肢动物-三叶虫等8属9种,包括了2个未定名的新种和1...  相似文献   

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