共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 255 毫秒
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泥皮厚度对结构接触面力学特性影响的试验研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
针对实际工程中砂砾石与结构物所形成接触面,采用联合研制的大型叠环单剪仪对砂砾石与夹不同厚度泥皮混凝土接触面力学特性进行了相关试验研究。结果表明,泥皮厚度对结构接触面的强度影响显著,且存在两临界厚度值（记为H1和H2,且H1 < H2）。当泥皮厚度小于临界厚度值H1时,接触面表现为砂砾石与混凝土板接触面特征,其剪应力与相对剪切位移关系曲线呈现明显的双曲线关系,可用双曲线模型进行描述;当泥皮厚度介于两临界厚度值之间时,接触面表现为泥皮与混凝土板接触面,达到破坏阶段后切向变形呈现明显的刚塑性的变形特征,可用刚塑性模型进行描述;当泥皮厚度大于临界厚度值H2时,剪切破坏并不发生在接触面处,而是发生在泥皮层内部,此时接触面特性即为泥皮剪切特性。 相似文献
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在原位条件下,采用自行研制的大型剪切设备,分别对混凝土与砂岩体和粉砂岩体两种接触面进行剪切试验,研究接触面的剪切变形和剪切强度特征。结果揭示出剪应力变化与剪位移的关系,以及接触面破坏模式与抗剪强度的关系。 相似文献
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以攀枝花钢铁集团西昌钒钛资源综合利用项目建设中典型的昔格达组中风化粉砂岩为对象,进行了重塑土与混凝土压密,原状土与混凝土浇筑两种不同方式形成接触关系的环剪试验。对两种工况接触面下,剪切应力-剪切位移、竖向应变-剪切位移和抗剪强度特性分析表明:接触面剪切变形引起法向变形,随着法向应力的增加剪切引起的法向变形增大,在法向应力在400kPa时,最大法向应变高达6.8%; 接触面采用浇筑形式形成时,接触面上的土体由于水泥浆的渗入形成强度较高的一个薄层土带,此时接触面破坏发生在土体内部; 当接触面采用压密形成时,摩擦角与土体的内摩擦角接近,而接触面的黏聚力近似可以忽略。 相似文献
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三维变形体离散元法能够自动检索接触关系,并对具有不规则形状的粗粒土颗粒和结构物进行有限差分网格离散,因此,具有模拟离散-连续耦合问题的先天优势。采用随机模拟技术生成粗粒土三维数值试样,基于变形体离散元进行粗粒土与结构接触面特性的数值试验,研究了不同接触面粗糙程度的接触面力学特性,对比了粗粒土与结构物在单剪和直剪状态下的接触面力学特性,从宏观和细观两个层面分析了数值试验结果。结果表明,数值试验能较好地反映粗粒土与结构接触面的力学特性,其剪应力-相对剪切位移曲线与试验结果规律相似;接触面粗糙程度对接触面的强度和变形特性影响较大,其机制在于剪切对试样的扰动程度不同;直剪和单剪状态下试样剪应力-相对剪切位移均为双曲线,单剪试验的初始剪切刚度低于直剪试验,两种试验得到接触面抗剪强度指标比较接近。 相似文献
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法向应力对土与结构接触面循环单剪力学特性的影响研究具有重要意义。运用80 t大型三维接触面试验机,进行了不同法向应力下粗粒土与结构接触面单剪试验,分析了法向应力对接触面循环单剪力学特性的影响规律。试验结果表明,法向应力对接触面变形位移、滑动位移、切向应力、可逆性剪切体变和不可逆性剪切体变以及抗剪强度等接触面性能参量的数值有显著影响,但对参量间关系形式影响较小。法向应力越大,接触面变形位移在初始几个循环内越大,随循环剪切的进行,其减小速率越快,最终稳定值越小;切向刚度越大,切向应力稳定值也越大,初始几个循环内切向刚度系数越小;不可逆性剪切体变越大,可逆性剪切体变峰值和稳定值越小,相变位移和相变应力比越小;抗剪强度越大,其异向程度则先增大后减小。不同法向应力下,接触面循环抗剪强度与法向应力符合摩尔-库仑准则;切向应力比-切向位移关系、不可逆性剪切体变和剪切功密度关系均具有良好一致性,基本不受法向应力影响,可用双曲线模型描述,这将大大简化接触面本构描述。 相似文献
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采用细观数值模拟方法研究散粒体的锚固效应,基于随机模拟技术生成三维多面体颗粒及其在空间中的分布,在随机散粒体不连续变形模型的基础上将砾石锚固试验进行数值实现,分析加锚散粒体材料的宏观与细观力学性能,研究加锚密度及其与颗粒粒径的关系对散粒体力学性质的影响,并探讨锚杆在散粒体材料中的作用机制。分别建立不同锚杆间距和不同颗粒粒径的数值试样,数值模拟结果表明：散粒体锚固数值试验能够较好地反映不同加锚散粒体结构的变形规律与锚固效应;散粒体材料的宏观特性与其细观组构的演化密切相关;锚杆加固散粒体的作用机制为加锚散粒体内形成压缩区,挤压加固作用提高了散粒体间的接触作用力,散粒体结构的整体性得到加强并能承受一定荷载;不考虑锚杆长度的情况下,当锚杆间距小于3倍的散粒体平均粒径时,锚杆能够有效地加固散粒体形成稳定结构。 相似文献
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黏土-结构接触面大剪切变形后渗流特性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黏土-结构接触面易产生大的剪切变形,且由于场地、施工等原因,接触面部位可能存在填筑缺陷、杂质等情况,这些因素均可能对其渗流安全产生不利影响。本文采用一种接触面剪切渗流试验装置,对黏土-结构接触面大剪切变形后的渗流特性进行了试验研究,重点模拟了接触面存在填筑缺陷及含有杂质两种工况下的渗流特性,并与均质黏土接触面渗流特性进行了对比,同时对接触面正应力、剪切变形、水力坡降的影响进行了分析。结果表明:含有填筑缺陷的接触面在大剪切变形过程中渗透性降低;而含有粉土杂质的混合黏土接触面,其渗透性起初随剪切变形的增加而减小,剪切至某一程度后反向增加;存在填筑缺陷和杂质的接触面渗透性强于均质黏土接触面。 相似文献
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粗粒土与结构接触面的可逆性与不可逆性剪胀规律 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
进行了粗粒土与结构接触面的单调和往返剪切试验,研究了接触面的剪胀特性。试验结果表明,接触面的剪胀体应变是由一个完全可逆性的体应变分量和一个不可逆性的体应变分量构成的。不可逆性剪胀体应变反映了接触面内的土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化,其变化规律与接触面的应力相对位移关系的演化规律具有相似性,是接触面力学特性演化的一个重要量度。可逆性剪胀体应变存在相变点,并表现出明显的剪切异向性,该异向性的主要内因是由于剪切引起的结构面附近土的结构异向性。基于接触面受力变形机理分析,引入有效剪应变等概念,建立了剪胀方程。 相似文献
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土-混凝土接触面特性环剪单剪试验比较研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对可用于接触面应力变形及强度特性试验的直剪仪、单剪仪及环剪仪的优缺点进行了比较分析。对某土料与混凝土接触面的应力-变形及强度特性进行了单剪试验研究,试验包括土-混凝土接触面及土-泥皮-混凝土接触面两种。同时,将已有的环剪试验成果与单剪试验结果进行了比较分析。研究了环剪试验与单剪试验成果的差异。结果表明,单剪试验测得的抗剪强度比环剪试验测得的低30%～40％,环剪试验用于接触面强度特性研究较合适,而单剪试验用于较低应力水平下的应力-变形试验更好,泥皮的存在使得接触面强度降低30%左右。 相似文献
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基于砂土与土工格栅、土工织物界面的室内大型直剪试验,分析了两种不同界面的力学性能。试验结果表明,峰值、残余剪切应力与界面剪胀性曲线存在一定的联系,即峰值强度通常会发生在界面相对减缩过程结束和残余剪切强度发生在界面的相对剪胀过程结束。加载过程中由于土工合成材料的逐步磨损、褶皱或者断裂导致了筋土界面强度出现较为明显的强度软化现象,在界面抗剪强度的研究中不可忽略。在试验基础上提出一种能够描述筋土界面力学性能的组合本构模型,该模型包含4个关系式：(1) 峰值、残余强度包络线;(2) 强度峰值前的双曲线模型;(3) 强度峰值后的位移软化模型;(4) 反映剪胀特性的界面剪胀模型。该组合模型的预测结果与直剪试验结果吻合较好,表明所用模型是合理的。 相似文献
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高铁桥梁、路基工程中的桩基础持续承受列车运行引发的振动荷载,当前350 km/h车速下的车致振动已高达近40 Hz。随着车速的进一步提升,可能给桩基础承载性能带来不利影响。桩-土界面是桩和地基土之间力和变形传递的重要媒介,很大程度上决定着桩基础的长期服役性能。但目前对于高频振动荷载下桩-土界面相互作用行为的认识和研究均不足。基于自主研制的可实现土-结构界面高频振动耦合静力剪切的试验装置,研究了散粒体-结构界面在振动下的临界状态强度特征,探讨了振动加速度、法向应力、结构面粗糙度、颗粒形状和振动频率的影响。结果表明：振动会导致界面强度衰减,部分振动条件下的界面强度甚至低于静力条件下的0.5倍;振动下的界面强度随振动加速度、频率的增大而下降,随法向应力的增大而提高。最后,基于摩尔-库仑强度理论,建立了振动下的散粒体-结构界面强度准则。 相似文献
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Marwa Feligha Farid Hammoud Mouloud Belachia Mohamed Salah Nouaouria 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(2):567-578
Soil shearing resistance is very important while designing various structures which have direct contact with soil, for example, sheet piles, piles, retaining walls, reinforced earth structures and shallow foundations. Even though designers use empirical values for their design, it is very important to obtain more accurate values for soil–solid materials shearing resistance. In this work, laboratory tests have been carried out to investigate the effect of roughness interface and texture models on friction angle between cohesive soils and steel, as well as abrasive paper material, using direct shear tests. All tests were carried out under consolidated drained shear conditions. The behavior at the soils–solid interface was found to vary according to surface roughness. It also seems that the type of material (steel or paper of abrasive) used does not have a major influence on the shear strength. As far as roughness is concerned, friction behavior is likely to be generally classified into three failure modes, namely full sliding at the interface, shear failure within the soil, and a mixed behavior where interface sliding and shear deformation of the soil specimen proceed simultaneously. However, for the second mode, the shear strength at the interface soil-rough solid materials steel was found to be lower than the shear strength of the soil, for a soil that is classified as high plasticity clay. Furthermore, it was found that the interfacial shear strength is independent of the texture surface for a given roughness. 相似文献
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Fast shear behavior of granular materials in ring-shear tests and implications for rapid landslides 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The high mobility of rapid landslides is one of the most important subjects of both theoretical and practical interest to engineers and scientists. The idea that ultralow resistance could explain the high mobility inspires researchers to examine the shear behavior of granular materials under a wide range of conditions, but the response of granular materials to fast loading rates is largely unknown. The motivation for this study was to examine several fundamental issues of particle properties and mechanical conditions on the fast shear behavior of granular materials. Two granular materials were studied in the oven-dried state and were sheared by employing a ring-shear apparatus. Results indicated that angular particles (silica sand) had higher shear strength parameters than spherical particles (glass beads). In addition, the dilative process was observed during shearing, which depended on normal stress and particle shape. A slightly negative shear-rate effect on shear strength was observed for both granular materials under a certain range of shear rates. Furthermore, cumulative shear displacement had a significant effect on the degree of particle crushing. Fast ring-shear tests also revealed that shear rate had a slightly negative effect on particle crushing. Based on these experimental results, the possible applications of dynamic grain fragmentation theory to assess the high mobility of rapid landsliding phenomena were discussed. It was indicated that the magnitude and release rate of elastic strain energy generated by grain fragmentation played important roles on the dynamic process of landslide mobility. 相似文献
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A range of geotechnical applications require measurement of shear strength at effective stresses below those commonly employed in conventional shear testing devices. Of these devices, the shear box testing apparatus is the oldest and remains the most popular for determining the shear strength characteristics of granular materials. The apparatus is, however, generally considered inadequate when testing at low normal stresses because second order frictional effects become significant at these stresses and lead to large errors in the inferred shear and normal loads on the plane of shearing. A number of new, more elaborate, devices have been employed to measure the frictional characteristics of clays at low stress levels (e.g. the Cam-shear and tilt table tests), but these require a high level of expertise to use correctly, and are not readily available in laboratories around the world. In this paper, statics principles are employed to develop a simple means of correcting for the mechanical friction in a shear box. The applicability of the corrections proposed is examined using data obtained in two different shear boxes for three separate sands over a large range of normal stresses. It is demonstrated that these corrections can be used to determine the peak and critical friction angles of granular materials at low stress levels in a shear box apparatus. 相似文献
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Observation of shear zone development in ring-shear apparatus with a transparent shear box 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Using a new ring-shear apparatus with a transparent shear box and video image analysis system, drained and undrained speed-controlled tests were conducted on coarse-grained silica sands to study the shear-zone formation process in granular materials. Velocity distribution profiles of grains under shear at various stages in the ring shear tests were observed through processing the video image by the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) program. Shear-zone thickness and type of shear mode (slide-like or flow-like) during shear were observed. Before reaching peak strength in low-speed and drained condition test, a comparatively major part of the sample in the upper shear box showed a velocity distribution profile of structural deformation and dilatancy behavior. After peak strength, the velocity profile changed into a slide-like mode and thereafter showed almost no change. In higher speed tests with drained and undrained conditions, an almost slide-like mode was observed, compared to low-speed test. Apparent shear-zone thicknesses of high-speed tests are thinner than low-speed tests. Unexpectedly, almost no difference was observed in the shear-zone thickness and mode of shear (slide or flow-like) between drained and undrained tests. This study was conducted as part of the International Programme on Landslides (IPL) M101 “Areal prediction of earthquake and rain induced rapid and long-traveling flow phenomena (APERITIF)” of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL). These results will contribute to understanding the mechanism of shear-zone development in granular materials as a basic knowledge for disaster risk mitigation of rapid long run-out landslides. 相似文献
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筋-土界面力学特性的水平循环剪切试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
加筋材料与土界面力学特性是加筋土结构设计和稳定性分析的重要依据。在大型多功能界面剪切仪上,进行了土工格栅和标准砂界面的水平循环剪切试验,分析循环荷载作用下筋-土界面力学特性,研究循环荷载特征对界面剪切力和法向位移的影响,探讨水平循环荷载作用下筋-土相互作用规律。结果表明,随循环次数增加,剪切力-位移关系曲线逐渐重合,剪切力峰值变化不明显,界面剪切模量增大并趋于稳定;循环剪切位移幅值和剪切速率对剪切强度的影响不明显,但对试样法向位移有较大影响;水平循环剪切过程中试样发生明显的法向位移,加筋可有效限制试样的竖向变形。 相似文献
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土与土工织物接触面力学特性的试验研究 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
在大型土与结构接触面循环加载剪切仪上添加了拉拔试验模块,进行了大尺寸的粗粒土与土工布接触面的单调和往返剪切试验以及土工布拉拔试验。剪切试验结果表明,粗粒土与土工布接触面出现了一定程度的应变软化,相对法向位移的变化受法向应力影响很大,并表现出异向性。土工布拉拔试验结果表明,由于土与土工织物接触面的剪胀造成该类接触面的抗剪强度与法向应力不再是线性关系;将接触面剪切试验和拉拔试验方法结合起来是研究土与土工织物接触面力学特性较为全面和合理的手段。 相似文献