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1.
石英(SiO2)具有稳定的化学性质和晶格结构,因此在地质演化过程中可以保存成岩成矿的基本信息。本文系统总结了国内外关于石英中微量元素的种类、分布、含量变化等诸多研究,详细论述了石英中微量元素的赋存状态和进入石英晶格中的机制,以及控制这些微量元素进入石英中的因素:如温度、压力、pH值和流体/熔体成分等;介绍了岩浆-热液矿床中石英复杂多样的结构,包括:单向固结结构(UST结构)、石英眼、晶洞以及雪球结构;评述了石英中微量元素的具体应用:石英的Ti温度计(TitaniQ)、Ti的扩散计时器、石英中Al温度计、Al的pH计,以及石英微量元素比值对岩浆-热液过程的指示作用;最后总结了阴极发光(CL)在揭示石英中微量元素的扩散过程、石英的世代关系等方面的应用,及相关的分析测试方法。据此,利用石英的特性可了解寄主岩石的成因,并分析岩浆-热液矿床中成矿流体的演化过程及石英中微量元素的沉淀机制,为找矿勘查提供依据。 相似文献
2.
采用ICP-MS测定了胶东焦家、马塘、东季和红布金矿床黄铁矿、石英及其群体包裹体的微量元素组成。结果表明,黄铁矿包裹体与石英包裹体均富集Cu、Pb和Zn等成矿元素,反映了成矿流体的特征;不同成矿阶段成矿流体特征有差异,石英黄铁矿化阶段、黄铁绢英岩化阶段、石英多金属矿化阶段石英及其包裹体微量元素含量均高于成矿较差的钾长石化阶段的石英及其包裹体;与陆壳微量元素丰度相比,黄铁矿及石英中Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag和Au等成矿元素富集;与地热卤水及斑岩铜矿卤水微量元素含量相比,黄铁矿及石英包裹体中以Cu为代表的成矿元素均较其它元素相对富集,反映了成矿流体中富集成矿元素的特征。上述结果表明,可以采用ICP-MS测定黄铁矿及石英包裹体微量元素来研究成矿流体的特征。 相似文献
3.
构造动力作用下石英的成分和形变特征——以海南戈枕断裂金成矿带为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对戈枕断裂金成矿带石英成分和形变特征的研究表明,构造控制了本区金矿床的分布和矿化强度。石英中微量元素Al、K与金矿化密切相关,Al、K是本区构造成矿过程的两个灵敏指示元素;石英的形变程度在时空上具一定的规律性,并与金矿化的强度在时空上的分布基本一致。 相似文献
4.
石英是自然界三大类岩石(岩浆岩、沉积岩和变质岩)和地壳中广泛分布的一种矿物,由于其具广泛分布性和化学稳定性,可以用于示踪地质历史并解释地质过程,因此近些年来引起了地质学家和矿物学家们的关注。本文结合实际科研就沉积岩、变质岩、岩浆岩以及一些热液矿床中石英的微量元素分布情况、石英在CL探测器耦合扫描电子显微镜(SEM-CL)和光学显微镜(OM-CL)下的颜色、发光强度及构造形貌特征等进行了探讨,并对石英中微量元素与CL颜色、发光强度及构造之间的关系进行了阐述,以此来提供研究石英的一个基础,最后简单论述了如何应用石英的CL特征来示踪或鉴定不同成因的含石英的岩石。 相似文献
5.
石英中金的赋存状态研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文从石英的晶体结构和四面体内阴，阳离子之间的化学键特性出发，结合石英中其他微量元素的赋存状态研究结果，探讨了石英中金的赋存状态。指出石英中不能存在类质同象取代Ｓｉ＾４＋的Ａｕ＾１＋或Ａｕ＾３＋，也不可能有Ｏ＾－Ａｕ空穴中心，ＥＰＲ谱上ｇ因子值近于ｇｅ的吸收峰应完全归因于Ｌ＾－－Ａｌ及Ｏ＾－－Ｇｅ空穴中心，而与Ｏ＾－－Ａｕ空穴中心无关。 相似文献
6.
可可托海3号伟晶岩脉石英中微量元素组成特征与岩浆-热液演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用LA-ICP-MS测量技术对可可托海3号脉不同结构带的石英中微量元素组成进行研究。结果表明,不同结构带石英以含有较高的Li、Al、P和Ca含量,低的Be、B、Na、K、Fe、Mn、Ti和Ge含量为特征,其中Al、Li和P含量变化于49×10~(-6)~438×10~(-6)、12×10~(-6)~92×10~(-6)和11×10~(-6)~97×10~(-6)的较大范围,各个结构带石英中Al、Li和P含量存在较大的重叠。Ge/Ti、Ge/Be和Al/Ti比值变化于1~159、5~824和43~2230之间,并在不同结构带石英中存在较大的重叠。Al~(3+)+Li~+→Si~(4+)+是主要置换方式,石英生长速度的变化很可能对石英晶体中Al、Li和P的含量变化起到了决定性作用。利用TiO_2的溶解度计算的3号脉中岩浆成因石英形成温度在588~698℃之间,而Titani Q温度计给出岩浆成因石英形成温度在327~500℃之间。前者给出了与花岗岩低共熔相近的温度,后者给出了显著低的伟晶岩中石英结晶温度,从而制约其在伟晶岩体系中实际应用。 相似文献
7.
石英是一种在地壳上大量分布,有着广泛工业用途和广阔应用前景的矿物。当石英晶体形成演化时,受结晶时环境条件、流体性质、结晶后遭受改造(如变质作用、构造变形和热扰动等)等影响,杂质元素如P、Ti、Ge、Al、B、Be、Ca、Na、K、H、Li等会或多或少存在于石英晶体中,因此在自然界不存在纯SiO2组分的石英。同时,基于石英的微量元素组成,可以反演石英源区和形成演化过程,并用于研究岩石及矿床成因等科学问题。石英晶体内部杂质元素以类质同象替代、气液包裹体、矿物包裹体(不能按尺度分,应该按照状态划分存在形式)3种形式存在。石英中杂质元素的种类、含量、赋存形式,特别是包裹体特征将直接影响石英资源的品质和工业用途。本文还系统地阐述了石英的发光特性、工艺性能以及高纯石英的质量分类与标准和高纯石英原料来源等方面的内容。在本研究中,通过光学显微镜和激光拉曼测试,初步地查明了苏北张锦庄石英砂和广西姑婆山花岗岩石英中流体包裹体的分布和矿物包裹体的种类,这是开展后续研究的基础。高纯石英是优质石英资源经纯化加工得到的高品质石英原材料,可用于石英玻璃、石英坩埚、半导体、高温灯管、光纤、精密光学、微电子和太阳能等高新技术产业中。研究高纯石英原料的评价体系、理想源岩和形成机制有益于持续性地供给高纯石英原料, 极大地提高了石英原料的工业附加值。 相似文献
8.
辽宁五龙金矿含金石英脉中石英晶体的塑性变形显微裂隙和熔融现象普遍发育,在无矿石英脉中上述现象则不发育或缺失.气液包体在含金石英脉中数量多.成矿温度阶段性明显,沸腾现象也较发育.而在无矿石英脉中则反之.据包体化学成分推测成矿溶液化学成分属CO2-H2O-Cl-Na-Ca型,而无矿石英脉热液成分为CO2-H2O-F(Cl)-K-Ca(Mg)型,石英中微量元素浓集克拉克值(Ck)及相关系数表明Au、Sb、Bi、W、Ag为本区主要成矿元素.且含金石英脉的Ck值均大于无矿石英脉.热发光曲线在含金石英脉中主要为双峰和多峰型,而无矿石英脉则为单峰型,上述石英标型特征作为五龙金矿床石英脉中找金的重要标志. 相似文献
9.
大庆岭金矿床石英的矿物学特征及其成因找矿意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过大庆岭金矿床中石英的成分、结构、热发光、爆裂测温分析,石英红外光谱特征的研究,认为石英中 Cu、Pb、Zn杂质含量高,晶胞参数大,热发光积分强度大,爆裂累计脉冲数高和红外吸收峰波数低时,标志着为富金的石英特征. 相似文献
10.
青龙沟金矿位于柴达木盆地北缘—南祁连造山带中,主矿体赋存于青龙沟背斜褶皱北东翼部NW走向的层间滑脱断裂,矿石类型为蚀变岩型。依据矿石矿物组合和矿物穿切关系将成矿过程划分为3个阶段:Ⅰ.无矿石英脉阶段;Ⅱ.石英-黄铁矿多金属硫化物阶段;Ⅲ.石英碳酸盐阶段。对不同阶段石英中流体包裹体进行岩相学和显微测温研究,结果表明,不同阶段石英中流体包裹体均以气液两相为主,在石英碳酸盐阶段出现纯液相包裹体;均一温度集中在200℃~240℃,170℃~210℃和130℃~160℃。不同阶段压力平均值分别为24.39 MPa,17.30 MPa和11.84 MPa,对应成矿深度分别为2.4 km,1.7 km和1.2 km。结合矿床地质特征以及流体特征显示青龙沟金矿应属于浅成造山型金矿。 相似文献
11.
Adriane Commin-Fischer Gilles Berger Mireille Polvé Michel Dubois Paul Sardini Daniel Beaufort Milton Formoso 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2010,29(3):751-760
The filling process of amethyst-bearing geodes from Serra Geral Formation basalts, Brazil, is investigated by different methods performed on the SiO2 filling phases. Image analysis of quartz–amethyst deposits suggests a single growing mechanism ruled by geometric selection of randomly oriented crystals. Microthermometry of fluid inclusions reveals formation temperature lower than 100 °C, probably lower than 50 °C, and fluid salinity as high as 3 mass% NaCl eq. Composition in REE and trace-elements measured by ICP-MS on acid-digested or laser-ablated samples indicates a common genesis for amethyst, quartz and chalcedony, as well as the absence of significant variations from one geode to another. 87Sr/86Sr data on chalcedony shows that both the host basalt or the Botucatu sandstone are possible silica sources. These data, combined with thermo-kinetic considerations, permit us to discuss the filling process. We argue in favor of the contribution of a mineralized fluid of hydrothermal origin producing a regional silica source which decreased with time. The observed mineral sequence is related to the depletion of silica in the solution. 相似文献
12.
The distribution of substitutional Al, Ti, and Ge impurities in quartz samples from the Darasun, Teremkinskoe, and Talatui gold deposits, located in the Darasun ore field, were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. The relationship between the isomorphous substitution and dynamic recrystallization of quartz was studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that analysis of the plots of interdependence between the concentrations of various substitutional impurities in quartz (isogens) can detect development trends of isomorphous substitution. Two isomorphous substitution stages were recognized, one associated with quartz crystallization, and the other, with its subsequent dynamic recrystallization. The first stage is characterized by incorporation of Al impurity into the quartz crystal lattice, and the second, by incorporation Ti impurity. A Ge impurity is a catalyst for isomorphous substitution, and its concentrations vary widely. It is noted that the second stage plays a decisive role, because it accounts for the incorporation of the larger part of substitutional impurities. This process is facilitated by the dynamic recrystallization of quartz. Four genetic quartz groups, described by individual isogens, have been recognized in the Darasun ore field. Two of them correspond to quartz crystallized directly from a magmatogenic fluid or redeposited with the melt’s participation, and the other two groups, to quartz crystallized from an altered fluid. It was found that substitutional Al concentrations are retained in quartz after redeposition, whereas substitutional Ti concentrations decrease dramatically Mineral formation processes at each gold deposit are reviewed. Two types of temperature zoning, normal and reverse, have been recognized at the Darasun deposit. Each is characterized by an individual genetic quartz group and the degree of closedness of the mineral formation system. The genetically similar magmatogenic quartz samples found at the Darasun and Talatui deposits indicate the uniformity of the mineralization process in the Darasun ore field. The established trends of isomorphous substitution in quartz are useful in studies of the ore formation histories of gold and other ore deposits.
相似文献13.
浙江青田花岗岩中岩石包体特征及成因 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
浙江青田燕山晚期黑云母花岗岩中有许多石英闪长质岩石包体,它们大小不一,形态各异,以微细粒结构、具冷凝边构造、并发育针状磷灰石为特征。岩石包体与寄主花岗岩的主要氧化物、微量元素的变化趋势呈线性关系。岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学及地球化学等特征的研究表明,石英闪长质岩石包体属淬冷包体,由玄武质岩浆和花岗质岩浆通过不均匀的混合作用而形成。 相似文献
14.
A Precambrian hypabyssal rhyolite porphyry in central Texas has retained its original texture, although alkali feldspar phenocrysts have inverted and unmixed from zoned, single-phase high-temperature feldspar to zoned microperthite with an intermediate microcline host.Blue quartz phenocrysts owe their color to dispersion by zircon inclusions. Neutron activation analysis reveals substitution of tetravalent cations for silicon in the quartz.In two outcrops, quartz and albite have been completely leached from the rock and K-feldspar added, leaving the texture intact. The leaching was most likely accomplished by residual brine from an overlying Lower Cretaceous evaporite deposit subsequently removed by erosion. 相似文献
16.
Stoichiometric substitution in natural quartz 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
W. H. Dennen 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1966,30(12):1235-1241
Evidence is presented for the substitution of foreign elements in quartz in such a way as to preserve electrical neutrality. The nature of the substituting species is controlled by both the abundance of elements in the environment and by crystal chemical parameters. 相似文献
17.
Three groups of Sn-W veins occur in the contact aureole of composite granitic plutons South of Bragança (Trás-os-Montes, Portugal). Thin layers of calcic quartzites with or without scheelite are interbedded in the Ordovician and Silurian metamorphic country-rocks. Could they represent synsedimentary preconcentrations and a likely source for the W-deposits? The geologic features and the trace-elements distribution (W, Sn, Be, B, Li, F, Rb) in the metasedimentary and granitic rocks support the following conclusions: 1) the scheelite-bearing calcic quartzites are tactites, that occur only in the contact aureole of the granites; 2) the dynamo-metamorphic country-rocks are weakly enriched in W and impoverished in Sn compared to the "clarke" values; 3) the trace-elements concentration is higher in the contact aureole (X 2) than outwards; 4) the quartzites are scheelite-bearing only in the vicinity of the wolframite veins. Thus, scheelite appears related to mineralizing hydrothermal processes. Through their chemical composition and their mechanical properties, the calcic quartzites appear as traps for a tungsten mainly foreign to the metamorphic rocks close to the granites. Thus, the source of W lies deeper in lower crust levels or in the upper-mantle. 相似文献
18.
The charge compensation problem for Si−Al substitution in Brazilian natural quartz is investigated in relation to γ-irradiation
darkening response and impurity contents evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometry and infrared absorption spectroscopy.
Al+3 in as-grown natural quartz is compensated by Li+ and H+ to form Al−Li and Al−OH centers. The content ratios (Al−Li)/(Al−OH) and Li/(broad OH band) depend on the environmental conditions
of crystal growth and influence the formation of Al-hole centers due to γ-irradiation. Al−OH centers are the dominant Al-related
centers in quartz from hydrothermal origin while Al−Li centers are dominant for that of pegmatitic origin. The formation of
Al-hole centers is little in quartz with a high content of broad OH band which is from low temperature hydrothermal origin.
Received May 23, 1995 / Revised, accepted May 8, 1996 相似文献
19.
A.M.R. Neiva 《Chemical Geology》1975,16(3):153-177
The major-, minor- and trace-elements chemistry of Hercynian granitoids and their minerals from the central area of northern Portugal indicates that the composition of the rocks and also of their minerals varies in the comagmatic sequence of granite, aplite and pegmatite. The compositional variation appears to be the result of a magmatic fractionation process and the minor and trace elements play an important role mainly in the trend aplite→pegmatite coexisting in the same vein, particularly for the minerals. A subsequent recrystallization of granites and aplites apparently did not alter the chemistry. 相似文献
20.
Mixing properties for muscovite–celadonite–ferroceladonite solid solutions are derived from combining available experimental phase equilibrium data with tabulated thermodynamic data for mineral end‐members. When a partially ordered solution model is assumed, the enthalpy of mixing among the end‐members muscovite–celadonite–ferroceladonite is nearly ideal, although the Gibbs energies of muscovite–celadonite and muscovite–ferroceladonite solutions are asymmetric due to an asymmetry in the entropy of mixing. Thermodynamic consistency is achieved for data on phengite compositions inassemblages with (a) pyrope+kyanite+quartz/coesite (b) almandine+kyanite+quartz/coesite (c)talc+kyanite+quartz/coesite and (d) garnet–phengite pairs equilibrated both experimentally at high temperatures and natural pairs from low‐grade schists. The muscovite–paragonite solvus has been reanalysed using the asymmetric van Laar model, and the effects of the phengite substitution into muscovite have been quantitatively addressed in order to complete the simple thermodynamic mixing model for the solid solution among the mica end‐members. Results are applied to a natural pyrope–coesite–phengite–talc rock from the Western Alps, and to investigate the conditions under which biotite‐bearing mica schists transform to whiteschist‐like biotite‐absent assemblages for average pelite bulk compositions. 相似文献