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西藏冈底斯东段构造演化及铜金多金属成矿潜力分析 总被引：54，自引：6，他引：54
地质、物探、化探、遥感的综合研究表明，西藏冈底斯东段蕴含着巨大的找矿潜力，矿化类型齐全，以斑岩型及喷流型为主。与构造演化相关形成四大成矿系列：与新特提斯洋壳俯冲作用（125－96Ma）有关的岩浆型（Cr，Pt，Cu，Ni）矿床系列及喷流型（Cu，Pb，Zn，Ag）矿床系列；与弧－陆碰撞造山作用（85－50Ma）有关的浅成低温热液型（Au，Ag，Pb，Zn，Sb）、构造蚀变岩型（Au）及矽卡岩型（Cu）矿床系列；与造山期后伸展走滑作用（22－12Ma）有关的斑岩型（Cu，Mo）、隐爆角砾岩型（Cu，Au，Pb，Zn）、剪切带型（Au，Ag，Sb）及矽卡岩型（Cu，Fe）矿床系列。由俯冲杂岩带向北，具有由结晶分异型（熔离型）－剪切带型（蚀变岩型）－矽卡岩型、浅成低温热液型－斑岩型－斑岩型十喷流型－喷流型－热液充填交代型的分带趋势，成矿总体显示出同源多位、同位多期、深源浅成、多因复成的特点。 相似文献
2.
西藏甲玛铜多金属矿元素分布规律及地质意义 总被引：18，自引：7，他引：11
甲玛铜多金属矿床已经成为冈底斯成矿带内为数不多的铜品位高、规模大、矿体连续性好的超大型斑岩-矽卡岩-角岩型铜多金属矿床。文章根据167个钻孔的成矿元素化学分析结果,对各元素平面分带、（Pb+Zn）/Cu、Au/Cu、Mo/Cu、Pb/Ag、Zn/Pb、Zn/Cu比值分带以及剖面上元素的分带等进行了系统分析,认为甲玛铜多金属矿具有典型的与岩浆成矿作用有关的元素分带特征,矿体由深部向浅部具有Mo→Mo（Cu）→Cu+Mo→Cu（Pb+Zn+Mo）→Cu（Pb+Zn）→Pb+Zn的成矿元素分带现象,具有高温→中低温成矿演化的特点。研究提出,成矿流体的运移方向是由北东至南西,流体源位于矿区北东部的则古朗地区。这种典型的热液分带特征同海底喷流沉积矿床近管道相Pb/Ag比值高、远离喷口Zn/Pb、Zn/Cu比值高的元素分带特征有着本质的区别。矿区北部则古朗地区高Mo/Cu比值以及钼元素矿化强度随标高降低愈强的分布特点,均预示了该地区是深部隐伏含矿斑岩体之所在。 相似文献
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<正> 火山喷气块状硫化物矿床指在漫长的海底火山活动期间由海底火山喷气活动形成的含大量黄铁矿及一定数量Cu,Pb,Zn 硫化物的矿床。我国甘肃白银厂、辽宁红透山、青海红沟、淅江西裘、四川呷村等著名矿床均属此类。根据成矿金属组合、共生火山岩特点和构造环境可将本类矿床分为三个亚类:绿岩带型、黑矿型和塞浦路斯型。绿岩带型矿床贫Pb富Zn,Cu,产于前寒武纪绿岩带中。多数学者认为绿岩带属保存下来的与地壳早期板块俯冲作用有关的弧系杂岩的弧后残余部分。矿床与岩浆演化晚期的酸性火山活动有关,受火 相似文献
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根据蚀变分带及矿物组合、矿田地球化学分带及元素组合特征,对矿床类型及成矿模型特征进行探讨。成岩与成矿作用在时空上总体具有由西南向东北迁移演化的特点,上厂矿段为中高温Mo（Cu、Pb、Zn）矿→金竹坑矿段为中低温Cu、Pb、Zn（Ag）矿→雷母寨矿段为中低温Ag、Pb、Zn矿。三者从时间、空间、物源等方面有依存关系,以及矿化类型专属性等,可以将矿田矿床划分斑岩型铜钼多金属矿床及火山-次火山热液型铅锌银多金属矿床2个成矿类型,并类比预测矿田矿化类型及找矿方向。 相似文献
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最新的矿产调查工作在冈底斯西段火山岩区新发现了拔隆银锡多金属矿床，地表矿体表现为受火山沉积断陷盆地边缘逆冲断隆带、火山机构及次级断裂控制的脉状矿体.为了查明该矿床的成因，开展了含矿火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学、矿石矿物学、地球化学及S-Pb同位素等研究.结果表明:拔隆矿床含矿火山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb加权平均年龄为126.5±1.2 Ma，矿物组合以中低温为主、兼有少量中高温矿物，闪锌矿Zn/Cd和Zn/Fe比值变化分别介于321~17 407、2.4~4.4，黄铁矿Co/Ni比值为2.2~3.6，硫化物样品δ34S值变化于2.94‰~4.48‰，206Pb/204Pb比值为18.590~18.779，207Pb/204Pb比值为15.636~15.865，208Pb/204Pb比值为38.883~39.991，具有岩浆硫、上地壳铅特征，矿床的形成与冈底斯西段早白垩世火山活动晚期的次火山热液密切相关.经与世界典型银锡多金属矿床的对比认为，拔隆矿床的成矿特征与世界大型-超大型银锡多金属矿床较相似，地表矿体属于浅成低温热液型银多金属矿体，向下可能发育有斑岩型锡多金属矿体.拔隆矿床富银含锡的成矿特征在冈底斯西段属于首次发现，该发现不仅为研究冈底斯西段火山岩区矿床成因类型提供了新的资料和约束，还极大地拓宽了冈底斯西段火山岩区的找矿视野. 相似文献
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“康滇地轴”中段前震旦系天宝山组,位于会理群通安组,力马河组之上,为一套火山—沉积岩系,其中火山岩属钙碱性系列,系岛弧晚期产物。该岩系Pb、Zn丰度较其他岩系高,广泛出现Pb—Zn地化异常和矿点。据研究,成矿与火山—热液活动有关,其成矿条件与日本岛弧黑矿型多金属矿床类似,因而有可能在该区找到黑矿型矿床。 相似文献
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西藏甲玛矿区铅锌矿体成因研究及其找矿意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床是近年来在冈底斯成矿带取得找矿突破的超大型矿床之一。本文通过甲玛铜多金属矿床与典
型喷流沉积矿床的对比研究,指出甲玛铜多金属矿床成因是与斑岩成矿作用有关的斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,由产于斑岩中的
钼（铜）矿体、产于矽卡岩中的铜多金属矿体、产于角岩中的钼铜矿体以及外围独立金矿体构成了完整的甲玛斑岩成矿系
统。甲玛矿床同典型喷流沉积矿床的主要区别在于：①地质特征：岩浆热液不仅在林布宗组与多底沟组扩容空间内可形成
层状矽卡岩,而且在林布宗组的泥质灰岩夹层中也可形成小规模、透镜状、囊状矽卡岩;矿区不存在喷流岩,前人认为的
喷流岩实际上是矽卡岩化角岩;矿床的主成矿年龄为14~16Ma,成矿与中新世冈底斯碰撞造山带发生拆沉、大规模的地壳
伸展作用及大规模斑岩体侵位有关;矽卡岩铜多金属矿体不存在喷流沉积矿床所特有的二元结构,矽卡岩顶部与顶板围岩
之间为渐变过渡关系;粗粒结构的矽卡岩亦是岩浆热液长时间补给而使矿物自形生长的结果。②地球化学特征：元素地球
化学特征方面成矿元素组合以Cu,Mo,Au,Ag为主,少量Pb,Zn;多底沟组灰岩中Mn相对于区域背景含量为负异常;甲玛铅
锌矿体的Zn/ （Pb+Zn）比值较低,主要集中在0~0.1和0.2~0.45两个区间内;矿床的矿化分带表现出：由岩体中心向四周Mo
→Cu+Mo→Cu→Pb+Zn,为典型的斑岩铜钼矿成矿系统的矿化分带。同位素地球化学特征方面硫同位素比值主要呈负值且
变化范围很窄,而硅同位素比值则以正值为特征。此外,文章建议在念青唐古拉具有类似甲玛矿区成矿地质条件地区,以
岩浆热液矿床成因为指导,建立依据浅边部铅锌矿（化）体,向深部（中心）追索铜钼矿体或钨矿体的找矿模型。 相似文献
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海底热液活动及其成矿作用在洋中脊、弧后扩张盆地、火山岛弧、板内火山等主要大型伸张构造单元均有分布,成矿类型不仅包括Cu、Pb、Zn、Au、Ag等金属属硫化物,也包括热液喷口附近沉积的热液Fe-Mn结壳、海底含金属沉积沉积物.经过近30多年的调查与研究,尽管对上述构造环境详细调查的区域占不到全球的10%,但目前除环南极的洋脊处没有发现热液活动外,其余海底区域均发现有热液活动异常显示或取得了典型的热液硫化物样品.针对典型热液硫化物矿床(点)的构造背景、矿物学、岩石学、地球化学等方面开展了较多的研究,成矿机制了也取得了较为深入的认识.本文应用区域成矿学的理论和研究方法(翟裕生等,1999),对不同构造单元的热液活动分布规律及其在大洋演化过程的变化特征、控制流体演化的主要因素等方面进行了总结. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(9):1031-1051
The geotectonic units of Zhejiang Province include the Yangtze Plate in the northwest juxtaposed against the South China fold system in the southeast along the Jiangshan–Shaoxing fault. The South China fold system is further divided into the Chencai–Suichang uplift belt and the Wenzhou–Linhai geotectogene belt, whose boundary is the Yuyao–Lishui fault. The corresponding metallogenic belts are the Mo–Au(–Pb–Zn–Cu) metallogenic belt in northwest Zhejiang, the Chencai–Suichang Au–Ag–Pb–Zn–Mo metallogenic belt, and the coastal Ag–Pb–Zn–Mo–Au metallogenic belt. The main Mesozoic metal ore deposits include epithermal Au–Ag(Ag), hydrothermal vein-type Ag–Pb–Zn(Cu), and porphyry–skarn-type Mo and vein-type Mo deposits. These ore bodies are related to the Mesozoic volcanic-intrusive structure: the epithermal Au–Ag(Ag) deposits are represented by the Zhilingtou Au–Ag deposit and Houan Ag deposit and their veins are controlled by volcanic structure; the hydrothermal vein-type Ag–Pb–Zn deposits are represented by the Dalingkou Ag–Pb–Zn deposit and also controlled by volcanic structure; and the porphyry–skarn-type Mo deposits are represented by the Tongcun Mo deposit and the vein-type Mo deposits are represented by the Shipingchuan Mo deposit, all of which are related to granite porphyries. These metal ore deposits have close spatio-temporal relationships with each other; both the epithermal Au–Ag(Ag) deposits and the hydrothermal vein-type Ag–Pb–Zn deposits exhibit vertical zonations of the metallic elements and form a Mo–Pb–Zn–Au–Ag metallogenetic system. These Jurassic–Cretaceous deposits may be products of tectonic-volcanic-intrusive magmatic activities during the westward subduction of the Pacific Plate. Favourable metallogenetic conditions and breakthroughs in the recent prospecting show that there is great resource potential for porphyry-type deposits (Mo, Cu) in Zhejiang Province. 相似文献
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枪口南银多金属矿床地处东昆仑多金属成矿带东段,枪口—哈龙休玛海西-燕山期铁、银、铅、锌、铜、金、钼成矿亚带部分,成矿地质条件优越。枪口南银多金属矿区目前已圈定9条矿化带,21个矿体,主要矿种有金、银、铜、铅、锌、钼等,矿石类型主要为构造热液(脉)型铜铅锌银矿石、构造蚀变岩型金矿石。枪口南矿区构造-岩浆活动强烈,印支期—燕山期构造岩浆活动为矿区成矿提供了热源、成矿物质,区内NE向断裂控制区内金、铜、铅锌等矿体的产出,NW向断裂组控制着区内金、银矿(化)体。NW向断裂组,是区内重要控矿构造;区内中部发现的Ⅳ号含矿斑岩体,具有斑岩型矿床蚀变特征,显示其具有斑岩成矿条件。枪口南银多金属矿床成因有构造热液(脉)型、构造蚀变岩型和斑岩型。 相似文献
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大兴安岭北部主要金属矿床成矿系列和区域矿床成矿谱系 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
文章以大兴安岭北部内生金属矿床、海相火山岩型硫铁矿矿床和砂金矿床为研究对象,按照矿床成矿系列的学术思想将其划分为7个矿床成矿系列,即:多宝山地区与加里东期中酸性火山_侵入活动有关的铜、钼矿床成矿系列,呼玛地区与华力西期辉长岩和花岗岩有关的铁、钛、金矿床成矿系列,伊尔施_黑河地区与华力西期花岗岩和海相火山岩有关的铁、铜、锌、硫铁矿矿床成矿系列,牙克石地区与华力西期海相中基性火山岩有关的铁、锌、硫铁矿矿床成矿系列,得尔布干地区与印支期_燕山期中酸性火山_侵入活动有关的铅、锌、银、铜、钼、金矿床成矿系列,伊尔施_呼玛地区与燕山期中酸性火山_侵入活动有关的金、铁、锌、铜、钼、钨矿床成矿系列和黑龙江流域与第四纪冲积沉积作用有关的砂金矿床成矿系列。大兴安岭北部区域矿床成矿谱系表明,从奥陶纪到新生代该区不同构造单元经历了7个主要的构造演化及成矿时期,依次出现奥陶纪岛弧环境的斑岩型矿床、泥盆纪陆块边缘拉张环境的岩浆型和热液脉型矿床、泥盆纪—石炭纪俯冲_碰撞环境的海相火山岩型和矽卡岩型矿床、石炭纪弧后盆地环境的海相火山岩型矿床、晚三叠世—早白垩世俯冲_碰撞_后碰撞环境的斑岩型、热液脉型、浅成低温热液型和矽卡岩型矿床、早侏罗世—早白垩世俯冲环境的斑岩型、热液脉型、浅成低温热液型和矽卡岩型矿床和新生代地壳差异运动带砂金矿床。大兴安岭北部优势矿种为铜、钼、金、银、铅、锌,主攻矿床类型为斑岩型、热液脉型、低硫化浅成低温热液型、冲积型和海相火山岩型。 相似文献
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PENGRunmin ZHAIYusheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(2):534-547
Most ore-forming characteristics of the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan hydrothermal exhalation belt, which consists of the Dongshengmiao, Huogeqi, Tanyaokou and Jiashengpan large-superlarge Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide deposits, are most similar to those of Mesoproterozoic SEDEX-type provinces of the world. The characteristics include: (1) All deposits of this type in the belt occur in third-order fault-basins in the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan aulacogen along the northern margin of the North China Platform; (2) these deposits with all their orebodies hosted in the Mesoproterozoic impure dolomite-marble and carbonaceous phyllite (or schists) have an apparent stratabound nature; ores display laminated and banded structures, showing clear depositional features; (3) there is some evidence of syn-sedimentary faulting, which to a certain extent accounts for the temporal and spatial distribution and the size of the orebodies in all deposits and the formation of intrabed conglomerates and breccias; (4) they show lateral and vertical zonation of sulfides; (5) The Cu/(Pb Zn Cu) ratio of the large and thick Pb Zn Cu orebodies gradually decreases from bottom to top; and (6) barite is interbedded with pyrites and sometimes with sphalerite. However, some characteristics such as the Co/Ni radio of the pyrites, the volcanism, for example, of the Langshan-Zha‘ertalshan metallogenic belt, are different from those of the typical SEDEX deposits of the world. The meta-basic volcanic rock in Huogeqi, the sodic bimodal volcanic rocks in the Dongshengmiao and potassic bimodal-volcanic rocks with blastoporphyfitic and blasto-glomeroporphyritic texture as well as blasto-amygdaloidal structure in the Tanyaokou deposits have been discovered in the only ore-bearing second formation of the Langshan Group in the past 10 years. The metallogeny of some deposits hosted in the Langshan Group is closely related to syn-sedimentary volcanism based on the following facts: most of the lead isotopes in sphalerite, galena, pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite plot on both sides of the line for the mantle or between the lines for the mantle and lower crust in the lead isotope composition diagram; cobalt content of some pyrites samples is much higher than the nickel content (Co/Ni= 11.91-12.19). Some volcanic blocks and debris have been picked out from some pyritic and pyrrhotitic ores. All Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide orebodies in these deposits occur in the strata overlying metamorphic volcanic rocks in the only ore-bearing second formation. In the Jiashengpan deposit that lacks syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession only Pb and Zn ores occur without Cu ore, but in the Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou and Huogeqi deposits with syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession Cu ores occur. This indicates a relatively higher ore-forming temperature. The process of synsedimentary volcanic eruption directly supplied some ore-forming elements, and resulted in secular geothermal anomaly favorable for the circulation of a submarine convective hydrothermal system, which accounts for the precipitation of deep mineralizing fluids exhaling into anoxidic basins along the syn-sedimentary fault system in the Langshan-Zha‘ertai rift. The Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou, and Huogeqi deposits hosted in the Langshan Group appear to be a transitional type of mineral deposit between SEDEX and VMS-types but with a bias towards SEDEX, while the Jiashengpan deposit hosted in the Zha‘ertai Group is of a characteristic SEDEX type. This evidence, together with other new discoveries of Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks and the features of lithogeny and metallogeny of the Bayun Obo deposit in the neighborhood emphasize the diversity, complexity and uniqueness of the Mesoproterozoic Langshan-Zha‘ertal-Bayun Obo ore belt. 相似文献
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Copper-Polymetal Metallogenic Series and Prospecting Perspective of Eastern Section of Gangdise 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ZhengYouye XueYingxi GaoShunbao 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(4):349-355
Geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing comprehensive studies show that big ore-prospecting potentiality is contained in the eastern section of the Gangdise Mountains, Tibet.There are various mineralization types with dominant types of porphyry and exhalation. According to their relations with tectonic evolution, they are divided into four kinds of metallogenic series as follows:magnmtic type (Cr, Pt, Cu, Ni) and exhalation type (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag) ore deposit series related to Neo-Tethys oceanic crust subduction action (125-96 Ma); epithermai type (Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb), altered fractured rock type (Cu, Mo) and skarn rock type (Cu) ore deposit series related to arc-continental collision; porphyry type (Cu, Mo), cryptoexplosion breccia type (Cu, Au, Pb, Zn), shear zone type (Au, Ag, Sb) and skarn rock type (Cu, Fe) ore deposit series with relation to post-orogenic extensional strike-slip. From subductive complex to the north, zoning appears to be crystallization differentiation type (segregation type)-shear zone type (altered rock type)-skarn rock type, epithermai type-porphyry type-porphyry type and exhalation type-exhalation type-hydrothermai filling-replacement type.The ore deposit is characterized by multi-places from the same source, parity and multi-stage, hypabyssal rock from the deep source and poly genetic compound as a whole. 相似文献
17.
中国一些主要金属矿床类型及其时空分布规律问题 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
中国已发现了许多规模较大的金属矿床，其中以铁-铜-镍、锌-铅、锰-铝和钨-锡-钼十种四组矿床最具特色。它们分别产于前寒武纪古陆和显生宙的地槽褶皱系中。比较发育的成矿期是太古一早元古代、中元古代、晚古生代和中生代。根据许多矿床分别产于以海相喷出沉积为主和喷出、侵入均极发育的不同地质构造环境中，说明一些金属矿床的形成是严格地受地质构造环境控制的。在地质构造演化历史过程中，类似的地质构造环境虽然可以形成近似的矿床，但这仅是少数矿床类型，总的说成矿作用是由简而繁，显生宙比隐生宙出现更多的新矿床类型。因此中国一些金属矿床的时空分布是明显地具有一定的规律性的。 相似文献
18.
The Radiore Cu-Zn massive sulfide deposit occurs in Archean metavolcanic rocks of the Abitibi greenstone belt in northwestern Quebec. The ore forms a stratiform lens between a massive rhyolite flow and a unit of mixed basaltic and intermediate flows. Intrusions of thick dykes of gabbro-diorite, quartz-diorite and granodiorite, and of the Bell River igneous complex, closely surround the ore lens. All the volcanic rocks, the quartz-diorite, grandiorite and the igneous complex are tholeiitic, whereas the gabbro-diorite is of calc-alkaline affinity. Sedimentary structures are prevalent in the ore, and heavily chloritized and biotitized rocks form a stratiform alteration zone mainly below the ore, indicating a distal-type deposit.Ore enrichment factors (wt % metal in ore/wt % metal in source rock) are calculated from analyses of ore and source rocks, assuming that seawater-derived brines leached ore materials from underlying rocks and precipitated them at the point of brine discharge onto the seafloor. Cd, Zn, Cu, Au and Ag are most highly enriched, followed by Bi, Pb, Sn, As and Co. Mo, W, V, Cr, Mn and Ni are not enriched at Radiore. 相似文献
19.
C. Trepka-Bloch 《Mineralium Deposita》1985,20(1):23-29
The Näsliden and Rävliden deposits in the Skellefte field consist of stratiform massive sulfide ores associated with submarine volcanic and clastic rocks. The ores are pretectonic. Consequently, the orebodies are considered to have formed syngenetically with deposition of the host rocks. Banding and interlayering with host sediments are common features. Cu : Zn and Zn : Pb ratios of the ores show stratigraphically and laterally defined trends. Cu : Pb : Zn ratios correspond with those found in other deposits of volcanogenic origin. Nonstratiform breccia Cu mineralizations occur directly under the massive stratiform ores in the footwall rocks where hydrothermal alteration is strongest. Ore formation took place intermittently resulting in clusters of ore systems occurring at slightly different stratigraphical levels within each deposit. 相似文献
20.
呷村式银多金属矿产于义敦岛弧发育晚期环境,在成因上与钙碱性火山岩系的偏酸性流纹质火山岩的海底喷发作用有关。矿带位于流纹质火山岩顶部与上覆结晶灰岩的接触界面附近,由上而下依次分为重晶石—铜铅锌银—铅锌三个矿体带。矿床地质的和地球物理的找矿标志明显。实践证明,以岛弧火山岩为对象,综合运用地质、物探、化探成果,在判定火山杂岩体的矿化地段,进行工程揭露验证是经济有效的找矿模式。 相似文献