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1.
华北克拉通孔兹岩带中段大青山-乌拉山变质杂岩立甲子基性麻粒岩年代学及地球化学研究 总被引：12，自引：9，他引：3
大青山-乌拉山变质杂岩立甲子基性麻粒岩主要由角闪二辉麻粒岩、含榴角闪二辉麻粒岩和黑云角闪二辉麻粒岩所组成,并以变形岩墙和不规则透镜体形式赋存于富铝片麻岩和花岗质片麻岩之中.立甲子基性麻粒岩中变质锆石含有单斜辉石(Cpx)+角闪石(Amp)+斜长石(Pl)+磷灰石(Ap)的包体矿物,与寄主岩石——基性麻粒岩矿物组合及其化学成分十分一致,相应的207 pb/206 Pb表面年龄变化于1933±39Ma ～ 1834±40Ma,加权平均年龄为1892±7Ma(MSWD =0.50,n=46),应代表立甲子基性麻粒岩原岩经历中低压麻粒岩相的变质时代.在变质过程中,以大离子亲石元素(K、Na、Sr、Rb)为代表的活动元素发生了显著的改变;而高场强元素(Nb、Zr、Ti)和稀土元素基本无变化,保持稳定.立甲子基性麻粒岩原岩属于拉斑玄武质岩石系列,其SiO2集中变化于45.58％ ～51.40％,Mg#值集中介于41 ～54之间;在球粒陨石标准化稀土配分图中,立甲子基性麻粒岩具有平坦型的稀土配分曲线特征((La/Yb)cN=1.30～1.51),Eu异常不明显(Eu/Eu*=0.93～1.04).与显生宙岛孤拉斑玄武岩类似,立甲子基性麻粒岩所有样品皆具有Nb、Zr、Ti负异常特征.综合分析认为,立甲子基性麻粒岩原岩形成于2450～1930Ma,并于～1900Ma经历中低压麻粒岩相变质作用的改造,其主量元素和微量元素组成具有岛弧拉斑玄武质岩石的地球化学特征,其原岩可能是板块汇聚动力学背景下,岛弧构造环境中形成的辉长岩或辉绿岩. 相似文献
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北祁连东段红土堡基性火山岩和陈家河中酸性火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
北祁连东段天水-宝鸡地区早古生代火山岩包括红土堡基性熔岩和陈家河中酸性火山岩。地球化学分析结果表明,红土堡基性熔岩和陈家河中酸性火山岩中所夹基性火山岩的特征相似,属于拉斑玄武岩,两者TiO2含量较高(1.50%～2.73%),∑REE分别为65.97×10-6～133.46×10-6和78.04×10-6～175.55×10-6,LREE轻度富集[(La/Yb)N分别为2.00～4.40和2.71～4.40],Eu异常不明显或略具Eu负异常(δEu分别为0.85～1.10和0.85～0.99);两者LILE明显富集,HFSE(尤其是Ta、Nb)强烈亏损,Nb/La较低(0.28～0.43),显示出与岛弧拉斑玄武岩(IAT)的亲源性;同时,基性熔岩的εNd(t)均为正值( 2.22～ 4.08),暗示其源区类似亏损地幔源区,Zr/Nb=17.21～36.33,Ce/Nb=5.73～8.17,又具有N-MORB的地球化学特征;两者的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成十分相似,显示出基性熔岩主要来自亏损地幔(DM)和富集地幔端员(EMⅠ或EMⅡ)混合源区,可能有少量地壳物质混染。陈家河中酸性火山岩属于钙碱性系列,∑REE=127.51×10-6～276.01×10-6,LREE显著富集[(La/Yb)N=4.79～13.51],多数具有弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.53～1.20);微量元素分配型式类似于岛弧花岗岩,具明显的Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf低谷。综合研究表明,北祁连最东段陈家河中酸性火山岩形成于岛弧环境,而其南部的红土堡玄武岩形成于弧间裂谷环境(或初始弧后盆地),是早古生代晚期北祁连东段岛弧带扩张向弧后盆地演化的早期产物。这些研究成果为秦祁结合部位沟弧盆体系的存在提供了佐证。 相似文献
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胶北新太古代两类片麻岩的岩石地球化学特征和成因指示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在胶北三口探矿深钻中识别出两类新太古代片麻岩,一种是TTG片麻岩,数量较多;另一类是石榴黑云斜长片麻岩,数量相对较少,以夹层状发育于TTG片麻岩中.已有年代学资料显示,两种片麻岩原岩均形成于～2.5Ga.TTG片麻岩SiO2含量为53.95％ ～ 75.56％,Na2O为1.51％～5.94％,Na2O/K2O＞1;贫Fe2O3T(2.22％～9.54％)和MgO (0.53％ ～4.87％),Al2O3多大于15％(10.45％ ～ 17.64％),A/CNK=1.18～1.75,说明其属于高铝TTG岩系.富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、Sr),亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf),Sr含量高(204×10-6～2906×10-6),Sr/Y比值高(7.30～355).∑REE含量(40.4×10-6～ 512×10-6)相对较高,轻重稀土强烈分异((La/Yb)N=11.5 ～ 121),Eu无异常或弱正异常(δEu=0.79～1.89).以上地球化学性质表明,胶北TTG片麻岩是含水玄武质岩石高压下部分熔融形成的,残留相主要是石榴石、角闪石和含Ti矿物,没有斜长石.全岩Nd和锆石Hf同位素数据显示其模式年龄与形成年龄相近,表明岩石源区可能是来源于亏损地幔的2.57～2.64Ga的初生玄武质地壳.另外,胶北TTG片麻岩高的Mg#值(40 ～67)和Cr(147×10-6～371×10-6)、Ni(6.68×10-6～ 156 × 10-6)含量,表示与地幔楔发生了反应,结合Nb、Ta负异常以及源区为初生的玄武质地壳等特征,说明研究区TTG形成于与俯冲有关的岛弧环境,而非加厚的下地壳.DF值和K-A关系图显示,石榴黑云斜长片麻岩原岩是泥质-粉砂质沉积岩.Cr/Zr比值(0.90 ～1.99,平均为1.62)和Th/Sc比值(平均为0.30)与太古宙沉积岩相应值相近(分别为1.44和0.4),稀土配分型式与太古宙沉积岩类似,表明源区物质以长英质为主.绝大多数样品显示轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦的特征,总稀土含量平均为176×10-6,(La/Yb)N比值平均为14.7,LREE/HREE平均为3.3,Eu无异常或微弱的负异常(δEu=0.69～0.92,平均为0.84),这些特征值表明原岩形成的大地构造背景为岛弧或主动大陆边缘.Grt-Bi地质温度计得到的变质温度为549 ～663℃,其中黑云母化学成分与角闪岩相中黑云母特征相同,共同指示变质程度为角闪岩相,可能代表了～2.5Ga麻粒岩相-高角闪岩相变质作用的退变质阶段.石榴黑云斜长片麻岩原岩与TTG属同一时代(～2.5Ga)的产物,形成的构造背景类似(岛弧或主动大陆边缘),说明当时该区有俯冲过程发生;TTG岩浆事件和～2.5Ga的变质事件大体同时,但变质事件较岩浆事件稍晚,可以用俯冲后的碰撞来解释.因此,研究区在～2.5Ga可能发生过一次重要的俯冲-碰撞拼合事件:TTG和石榴黑云斜长片麻岩原岩形成于俯冲阶段,后期发生碰撞引发麻粒岩相-高角闪岩相的区域变质作用. 相似文献
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古元古代是华北克拉通重要的构造演化阶段,现已识别出多条碰撞造山带,但这些造山带的构造边界、演化时限以及地球动力学过程仍存在争议。本文报道了在怀安杂岩中新发现的一套高压基性麻粒岩-大理岩-富铝片麻岩表壳岩组合,原岩为一套基性火山岩-碳酸盐岩-砂/泥岩建造。高压基性麻粒岩记录了峰期高压麻粒岩相变质和麻粒岩相-角闪岩相退变质过程;地球化学研究表明其原岩为亚碱性拉斑玄武岩,具有平坦的稀土元素配分模式((La/Yb)_N=1. 35～1. 79),轻稀土相对亏损((La/Sm)_N=0. 83～1. 13),弱的正铕异常(δEu=1. 0～1. 22),无Nb、Ta负异常,与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)地球化学特征类似;岩石组合和产状特征与晋冀蒙交界地区广泛分布的具有岛弧拉斑玄武岩性质的岩墙型高压基性麻粒岩明显不同。高压基性麻粒岩锆石εHf(t)为正值(+2. 6～+11. 5),单阶段模式年龄(t_(DM))介于2065～2250Ma之间,可能来源于尖晶石稳定域的浅层地幔源区。综合来看,这套含高压基性麻粒岩组合可能是古洋壳残片。SHRIMP U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究表明,高压基性麻粒岩的原岩可能形成于2. 15～2. 2Ga,峰期高压麻粒岩相变质年龄为～1. 95Ga,1. 83～1. 82Ga代表麻粒岩相退变质作用和减压熔融时限。本文研究表明,该套表壳岩组合记录了古元古代俯冲-碰撞-折返等一系列造山构造演化过程,可为恢复古元古代造山带早期构造环境提供证据。 相似文献
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胶北南山口古元古代高压基性麻粒岩和钙硅酸盐岩的岩石地球化学特征探讨 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
胶北莱西古元古代的高压基性麻粒岩和钙硅酸盐岩的基本矿物组合分别为以铁铝榴石为主的石榴石-普通辉石-铁紫苏辉石和钙铝榴石-黝帘石-葡萄石-钠长石.矿物岩石学研究表明钙硅酸盐岩是由含石榴石高压基性麻粒岩经退变质和钙质交代作用形成.南山口高压基性麻粒岩记录了麻粒岩相变质作用前、麻粒岩相变质作用、退变质和钙硅酸盐岩化共同作用以及完全钙硅酸盐岩化的四个阶段的地质作用,其矿物组合分别为Cpx+ Pl+ Qtz(M1),Grt+ Cpx+ Rt+ Qtz(M2),Cpx+Pl+ Opx+ Ilm+ Mgt+ Ep(M3)和Grs+ Zo+ Prh+ Ab+ Cal(M4).微量元素研究表明,高压基性麻粒岩中大离子亲石元素Ba、Rb、K、Rb、Th富集,而高场强元素Nb、Zr、Ti、Y亏损,具有轻稀土富集的右倾型稀土配分曲线.稀土元素和微量元素配分图解显示了岛孤拉斑玄武岩的特征.主元素、微量元素的构造判别图解进一步分析表明高压基性麻粒岩及其钙硅酸盐岩的原岩形成于大陆边缘的岛弧环境.综合高压基性麻粒岩岩石学、元素地球化学特征认为,莱西高压基性麻粒岩的原岩是拉斑玄武岩质岩石,可能是形成于孤后扩张背景下基性的侵入岩或喷出岩.岩石形成以后,在胶-辽-吉带碰撞闭合过程中,经历了麻粒岩相变质作用,又在后来的抬升过程中经历退变质和钙硅酸盐岩化作用. 相似文献
6.
滇西高黎贡构造带东缘中侏罗世玄武岩岩石地球化学特征及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
高黎贡构造带东南缘的混杂岩带形成的构造背景复杂。产于混杂岩带以东的中侏罗世玄武岩地球化学特征可能为该岩石形成的构造背景提供依据。滇西中侏罗世玄武岩分布于高黎贡构造带东缘的凤平镇-畹町(南带)和怒江(北带)一带。其中怒江一带玄武岩具有块状构造,气孔杏仁发育,间粒结构,发生了绿片岩相变质。岩石属于亚碱性拉斑系列,具有中等的MgO(5.09%～6.20%)、较高的钛(Ti O_21.64%～2.14%)、铁(Fe O~T9.19%～12.80%),且Na_2OK_2O。岩石Mg~#值(Mg~#=Mg~(2+)/(Mg~(2+)+Fe~(2+)))为0.51～0.59,反映了源区岩浆经历了明显的辉石和橄榄石分离结晶,同时存在低氧逸度下分离结晶。岩石富含稀土元素(78.52×10~(-6)～99.41×10~(-6)),具明显的轻、重稀土分馏((La/Yb)_N=4.06～5.54),无明显Eu异常(δEu=0.91～1.00),斜长石分离结晶不明显。同时,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th、U)和高场强元素(Nb、Zr、Ti),具有弱的Nb、Zr、Ti负异常。较高的Zr/Y(3.58～5.88)、Ta/Yb(0.29～0.51)、Th/Yb(1.15～1.45)和(La/Nb)_N(1.03～1.41)比值,说明怒江一带玄武岩具有裂谷特征。相对高Nb含量(8.83×10~(-6)～15.60×10~(-6))和富集稀土元素不同于岛弧,周边及下部缺少洋壳和Nb负异常有别于OIB。岩浆源自富集的石榴石地幔橄榄岩部分熔融,在上涌过程中受到了地壳污染,显示Nb负异常。有限的岩浆作用规模和较短的喷发时间反映了高黎贡构造带东缘怒江一带具有被动拉张的裂谷性质,可能与古特提斯洋闭合引起的拉张作用有关。 相似文献
7.
新元古代以来,扬子地块和华夏地块拼贴形成钦-杭结合带。粤西贵子混杂岩为揭示钦-杭结合带南段地质演化提供了一个重要的窗口。贵子混杂岩构造岩块为强烈变形-变质的变基性岩、深海硅质岩,基质为石英岩、云母片岩以及具鲍马序列富锰质硅泥质岩等。对混杂岩中变基性岩年代学和元素地球化学分析显示,锆石U-Pb年龄为948±11Ma,除少部分属低钾(拉斑)外,其余均为钙碱性系列,CIPW标准矿物成分属石英拉斑玄武岩-橄榄拉斑玄武岩组合。变基性岩具有高TiO_2(平均1.85%)、P_2O_5(平均0.21%)的特点;无Eu异常或轻微负异常,配分曲线右倾(球粒陨石标准化(La/Yb)N=2.65~3.89),大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th、U)富集,高场强元素(Nb、Zr、Hf)轻微亏损,表现为洋壳消减作用下岛弧岩浆岩特征。高的Nb(7.56×10~(-6)~16.11×10~(-6),均大于7×10~(-6))、Nb/U(18.39~25.65)、(Nb/La)N(0.76~0.94,原始地幔标准化)显示为岛弧环境富Nb玄武岩。本研究认为,云开地块出露的这套构造混杂岩,是新元古代古华南洋俯冲在钦-杭结合带南段的记录,可为该带的南东边界提供线索。 相似文献
8.
西昆仑塔什库尔干布伦阔勒群的岩石地球化学特征及变质P-T轨迹 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
西昆仑布伦阔勒群变质岩是西昆仑造山带的重要组成部分,但其成因一直存在争议.在塔什库尔干县的马尔洋地区,布伦阔勒群主要由石榴斜长角闪片麻岩和孔兹岩组成.根据地球化学特征,石榴斜长角闪片麻岩稀土元素配分曲线可以分为两种类型:一种稀土总量较高(∑REE=190.2×10-6 ～ 359.1×10-6),从轻稀土到重稀土逐渐亏损((La/Yb)N =4.28～5.79),与E-MORB类似;另一种稀土总量较低(∑REE=89.28×10-6～113.0×10-6),轻稀土亏损((La/Yb)N=0.59 ～0.84),重稀土曲线平坦((Gd/Yb)N =0.99 ～ 1.07),与N-MORB类似.微量元素蛛网图中石榴斜长角闪片麻岩具有Ba正异常,Sm、Cr、Zr、Hf和Ti的负异常,轻微的Nb、Ta的负异常,显示为岛弧拉斑玄武岩的特征.孔兹岩的原岩判别图解显示其原岩可能为岛弧环境沉积的页岩和硬砂岩.因此,推测塔什库尔干布伦阔勒群的石榴斜长角闪片麻岩和孔兹岩的原岩形成于岛弧环境.根据岩相学观察、矿物化学分析和温压计算,石榴斜长角闪片麻岩经历了三个变质阶段:M1为高压变质阶段,矿物组合为Grt+ Hbl(1)+ Pl1+ Qtz,变质温压条件为850～ 870℃/12.9 ～13.3kb;M2和M3为两期角闪岩相退变质阶段,矿物组合分别为Hbl2+ Pl2+Qtz和Hbl3+ Pl3+ Kfs+ Bt+ Qtz,变质温压条件分别为730 ～ 770℃/7.3～7.8kb和680 ～ 740℃/4.7 ～5.7kb.孔兹岩也经历了三个变质阶段,推测其早期M1阶段变质温压条件可能与石榴斜长角闪片麻岩的峰期变质阶段相同(850～870℃/12.9 ～ 13.3kb);峰期M2和峰期后M3阶段变质矿物组合分别为Grt2+ Pl2+ Bt2+ Sil+ Qtz和Grt3+ Pl3+ Bt3+Sil+ Mus+ Qtz,温压计算结果分别为800～830℃/7.9～9.2kb和670～700℃/5.1～5.6kb.孔兹岩的M1、M2和M3变质阶段对应于石榴斜长角闪片麻岩的M1、M2和M3变质阶段.上述温压计算结果形成顺时针的P-T轨迹,表现为峰期高压变质作用后叠加了由高角闪岩相-中压麻粒岩相到低角闪岩相的退变质作用,反映了西昆仑与碰撞相关的大地构造背景,这可能与海西期古特提斯洋的闭合有关,之后叠加了印支期构造抬升过程中的剪切作用. 相似文献
9.
甘肃阿克塞县安南坝地区镁铁质麻粒岩呈脉状、透镜状赋存于新太古代米兰岩群和TTG片麻岩中。岩石主要由斜长石(Pl)+斜方辉石(Opx)+单斜辉石(Cpx)+角闪石(Amp)+磁铁矿(Mt)等组成。安南坝镁铁质麻粒岩中Ti、P、Nb、Ta、Th、Hf、Sr及REE等元素与Zr相关性较好,表明其在变质作用过程中保持基本稳定。地球化学数据显示其原岩属于拉斑玄武质岩系列,Si O_2、Ti O_2、Al_2O_3、P_2O_5含量相对较低,Ca O、Mg O含量相对较高。Mg~#值为41.52~43.09,低于原生玄武质岩石的Mg~#值,Fe_2O_3~T、Mg O、Ca O与Si O_2含量呈负相关性,指示原岩岩浆演化过程中可能发生了辉石、角闪石等镁铁质矿物的分异结晶作用。镁铁质麻粒岩∑REE较低,稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土元素弱富集、重稀土元素相对平坦的右倾型,Eu异常不明显(Eu/Eu~*=0.91~1.01)。岩石富集Rb、Ba、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti等高场强元素,具有显生宙典型岛弧玄武质岩石的地球化学特征。Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成显示镁铁质麻粒岩原岩源自富集地幔,并受到一定程度的地壳物质混染。构造环境分析表明安南坝镁铁质麻粒岩原岩形成于与俯冲有关的岛弧环境。在俯冲作用机制下,俯冲板片流体交代使地幔楔发生富集,形成富集地幔,随着(弧后)伸展作用的加强,进一步诱发富集地幔的部分熔融形成镁铁质岩浆,最终岩浆就位形成辉长岩或辉绿岩脉,后期在麻粒岩相变质作用条件下变质为镁铁质麻粒岩。 相似文献
10.
青藏高原东南缘"三江"地区变质杂岩带中的岩石类型十分复杂,斜长角闪岩和含角闪石斜长片麻岩是本区常见的变质岩石类型。斜长角闪岩可进一步划分为由石榴辉石岩退变而成的和基性原岩经角闪岩相-麻粒岩相变质形成的两种类型。斜长角闪岩的SiO2平均含量50.0%,具有高铝低钛的特点,轻稀土元素相对富集,铕无异常或略具负异常,Zr含量较低,Zr/Y比值较小,其原岩的主微量元素组成具有岛弧玄武岩的特点,反映其原岩形成于俯冲碰撞的构造环境。含角闪石斜长片麻岩的SiO2平均含量63.64%,MgO和TiO2含量低,轻、重稀土元素分馏,轻稀土元素明显富集而重稀土元素相对亏损,具有中等负Eu异常,大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Th强烈富集,高场强元素Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb和Ta含量较低,其原岩具有安山质岩石或安山质/玄武质岩石的特点,主要形成于板块聚敛边缘的构造环境。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
14.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
15.
扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
16.
Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献
17.
18.
V. Yu. Prokof’ev L. D. Zorina V. A. Kovalenker N. N. Akinfiev I. A. Baksheev A. N. Krasnov G. A. Yurgenson N. V. Trubkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(1):31-68
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type. 相似文献
19.
山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献