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YANG Xiang-peng ZHANG Fa-wang XU Qi CHEN Zhen BI Xue-li SHI Jian ZHOU Li-xin YANG Chen 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(3):280-284
As China and Southeast Asian countries have accelerated and globalized their economic development, karst environmental problems have become increasingly prominent and studying on and compiling maps of karst geology is quite important. Therefore, based on a wide collection of data in Southeast Asian countries, a cooperative map compilation has been carried out internationally. Through comprehensive research and analysis, a unified understanding has been achieved in terms of compiling principles, contents and representing methods, Distribution of Karst in Southern China and Southeast Asia (1/5 000 000) has been compiled, which provides foundations for environmental protection and scientific studies of karst geology. 相似文献
2.
Application of remote sensing technique to mapping of the map series of karst geology in China and Southeast Asia 
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下载免费PDF全文 Based on the mapping program of the map series of karst geology in China and Southeast Asia, the paper summarizes the application of remote sensing technique and the process of acquiring information from remote sensing images. Generally, remote sensing technique serves as an effective method to recognize information about karst topography, rocky desertification and karst collapse. Interpretation of remote sensing images, in combination with field verification and cartographic generalization, provides basic data for updating the program database and compiling synthetic maps. In interpreting remote sensing images, automatic extraction can make it more efficient and visual interpretation can improve its accuracy. 相似文献
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以西南岩溶区特殊的资源和环境特点为导向,利用多源、多时相、多尺度遥感数据,采用遥感信息计算机自动提取和人机交互解译相结合的技术方法,将遥感技术系统应用于岩溶区1:50000区域地质调查工作中,提供系列的基础图件辅助岩溶区区域地质填图,提高了岩溶区1:50000区域地质调查的效率。初步建立了适合西南岩溶区的1:50000区域地质调查遥感技术方法体系,快速准确地解译出了岩溶区特殊的地质、地貌、环境、水文等要素,为特殊地质地貌区地质填图提供技术支持。 相似文献
4.
中国西南泛亚大通道环境工程地质问题概论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西南泛亚大通道是中国近期和今后将要重点规划建设的能源和交通廊带,具有重要的经济和战略意义。由于地处中国西南地质环境条件极其复杂的横断山区南段,该廊带地形地貌和地质构造都极其复杂,新构造活动强烈,导致地质灾害频发,并以类型全、数量多、规模大为特点。外动力地质灾害主要包括滑坡、崩塌、泥石流,它们制约着地表工程的建设和运营安全;高地温、高地应力和岩溶突水等又是控制地下工程规划建设的瓶颈。文中从地质环境演化过程的内外动力作用入手,简要地总结了中国西南泛亚大通道规划和建设过程中可能遇到的地质灾害和重大工程地质问题,并探讨了上述问题的研究途径。 相似文献
5.
中国矿产地质志省级“矿产地质图”和“成矿规律图”的编图思路和编图方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国矿产地质志省级"矿产地质图"和"成矿规律图/成矿系列图"的研编是"中国矿产地质志"研编的"文、图、库、普"四项内容之一,要体现"全覆盖"的182种矿种、18种矿床类型和多个"亚类型"、5个级别的矿产地规模、多个成矿时代的综合图例设计,要兼顾矿床成矿系列的表示方法、地质底图和构造底图优化等诸多方面,是一项复杂的"系统工程"。"编图技术要求"的制定,要本着"大道至简"的哲理、"大美至简"的审美观、"出精品"的宗旨、"编出上乘图件"的要求,提出"删繁就简构造底图,领异标新成矿系列"的编图原则。本文介绍了两图的性质、编图的思路和编图方法,并重点阐述"矿产图例设计"和"底图编制"两部分内容,以期编制出高水平图件,更集中反映和彰显项目成果。 相似文献
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为解决1:250万月球数字地质图在多单位协同编图过程中缺乏统一、规范的地质图符号、制图模板造成不同图件之间信息不统一的问题,通过ArcGIS平台,和其他矢量图形软件,参照我国第一幅1:250万月球地质图（虹湾幅）的符号,设计编制了一套月球地质图符号,其包含月球撞击坑物质、盆地建造、构造和岩石特性等地质信息.并建立了分类存储、可移植的符号库和统一的编图模板.该套标准化符号、符号库、编图模板有利于多单位共同规范的开展1:250万数字化月球地质图编图项目,提高编图效率,同时也为我国开展其他类地行星地质编图的国际合作,编制统一、规范化的地质图奠定基础. 相似文献
7.
中新经济走廊地质矿产特征及找矿潜力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中新经济走廊纵贯东南亚中南半岛,地处全球著名的特提斯成矿域,矿产资源丰富,但资源勘查开发水平滞后,成为中国"一带一路"战略实施的优选地区之一。该区一大批矿床的发现和一系列新矿山的陆续建成投产,必将为区域经济发展和社会进步注入新的活力。通过对中新经济走廊的大型或代表性矿床的地质特征和成矿背景的总结,并对研究区主要矿床的成矿作用、成矿模式及找矿潜力进行讨论,旨在提高对中新经济走廊矿产资源重要性的认识水平,进而为实施"一带一路"战略在东南亚地区的工作部署提供科学依据。 相似文献
8.
Analysis of the negative effects of groundwater exploitation on geological environment in Asia 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This paper summarizes the negative effects on geological environment caused by groundwater exploitation and its distribution. There are seven main types of the geological environment negative effects, which are generally as follows:(1) Constant decrease of groundwater level is mainly distributed in China(East Asia), India(South Asia), Tajikistan(Central Asia) and Saudi Arabia(West Asia);(2) land subsidence occurs mainly in eastern plains of East Asia and west Siberian Plain of North Asia;(3) seawater intrusion occurs mainly in China, Japan and South Korea in East Asia, Philippines and Indonesia in Southeast Asia, the Indian coastal areas in South Asia;(4) groundwater level decline caused by groundwater exploitation in oil fields;(5) mining collapse is mainly in 50° to 70° north latitude band;(6) the total area of karst collapse in China of East Asia is as much as 197.05 km~2; and(7) ground fracture is mainly distributed in the North China Plain, Fenwei Plain and the Yangtze River Delta. Asia can be divided into 6 zones in terms of the geological environment negative effect caused by groundwater exploitation. According to analysis, with the increasing intensity of human activities, geological environment issues become more and more serious, therefore it is vital to control the human activities within the scope of 5× 10~5 people/km~2 to 9.9× 10~5 people/km~2 for the effective control of the size of the affected area by geological environment problems. 相似文献
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With the ever-accelerating economic and social growth in Asia, the sustainable development of environment, economy and society of Asia and beyond, is severely constrained by a series of grave issues, such as global climate change, population explosion, resource shortage, and rampant disasters. The need for study on groundwater resources and environment in Asia as part of the efforts to tackle global climate change looms even larger. In analyzing how global changes of modern times and human activities are related to primary geo-environment, the groundwater environment serial maps of Asia introduces a new concept for mapping geo-environment of Asia that connects the geological background to groundwater environment. The serial maps reveal the geographic environment that is closely related to groundwater, the special-temporal features of the geo-environment and how it is distributed. The study is vital not only to the harmonious development among environment, economy and society as well as ecological progress in Asia, but also to the strategic requirements posed by the “One Belt One Road”. 相似文献
11.
Hydrogeological map is one of the important carriers of groundwater related information. It directly reflects the hydrogeological conditions and previous investigation and research results of a mapping area. The hydrogeological map of China is a map reflecting the characteristics of hydrogeology and groundwater dynamics on a national scale. On the basis of the hydrogeological map of China (1: 4 000 000) compiled in 1988, this map compilation attempted to update and enhance the existing map, with the latest survey results from the project of National Investigation and Evaluation of Groundwater Resources and Environmental Problems led by China Geological Survey. Task of the mapping program included redefining groundwater types, quantifying the classification standard of the groundwater and adding the pore-fissure water in laterite layer of hilly basin. The multilayer structures for porous, karst and porous-fractured groundwater and their water-rich grades are reflected on the map. Based on the comprehensive summary of the latest hydrogeological data of China, this research conducts an in-depth analysis of the regional distribution characteristics of groundwater in China, utilizes a digital mapping process and establishes a cartographic database for the purpose of further use. With the enrichment of the content and the continuous improvement of cognitive level, mapping content can be updated quickly, which has practical significance for the concept of surveying and mapping and scientific popularization. 相似文献
12.
基于空间数据和专家知识驱动的地质编图技术研究与应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地质图编制专业性强、工作量大,编图环节繁琐,而人工智能、大数据等新一代信息技术的快速发展,为中国地质图的编图技术发展提供了支撑。在地质大数据环境下,提出基于地质知识驱动的地质编图技术,通过构建地质编图时空综合模型和地质代号智能识别模型,可以对多图幅的沉积岩、侵入岩、火山岩、变质岩、构造等地质要素进行人机交互式、自动化、智能化地图元综合、断层简化、线形圆滑、图幅接边等。近年来,基于该技术在青海东部地区、河南洛阳、郑州地区及京津冀多地区开展的编图实践表明,该编图技术能够显著提高地质编图工作效率,具有实际应用意义。 相似文献
13.
中国区域地质志项目实施8年以来,已启动24个省级和2个区级地质志的编纂工作,其中11个省级地质志已经完成并通过验收,即将出版面世。通过编纂地质志,对编志地区以及全国地质进行了大综合、大集成,取得若干创新性成果:前寒武纪地质研究获重大突破;重新厘定了一些地区和全国地层系统;分析总结了岩浆岩时空分布规律;进行了构造区划,深化了中国地质构造的认识;发现典型的洋盆地层系统;成功进行了三维立体地质图的编图试点。志书的编纂完成,将为中国地质工作和国家经济社会发展提供一套具有宏观影响的基础地质系列丛书。 相似文献
14.
Using 2-D and 3-D multi satellite data (SPOT and LANDSAT TM) in a GIS allows us to produce 3-D digital elevation maps (DEM)
through the techniques of remote sensing (RS) analysis and computer aided mapping. In the field of geotechnical research,
since 1992, some works have been made in cooperation with ICIMOD-MENRIS, the department of Mines and Geology in Nepal, and
the bilateral cooperation from both France and Germany. The use of 2-D and 3-D digital maps to geological and geotechnical
research and risks analysis, concerns here the evaluation of the new water supply project Kathmandu-Melamchi proposed by WHO-UNDP
and the World Bank.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
基于遥感和GIS的岩溶区1∶5万区域地质填图难易程度分区 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从岩溶区1∶5万区域地质填图的实际需求出发,采用遥感地质综合解译和GIS综合分析相结合的技术手段,在详细解译区域地质、地貌、环境、水文等要素的基础上,以地层延伸性、地形地势、水系形态、冲沟密度为评价参数,定性地划分了研究区1∶5万区域地质填图的难易程度。实地调查显示,区域地质填图难易程度分区的成果与研究区的实际地质情况基本一致,可作为岩溶区1∶5万区域地质填图工作部属的依据,能在保证成果精度的前提下显著提高岩溶区1∶5万区域地质调查的工作效率。 相似文献
16.
东南亚地区矿产资源十分丰富,特别是铜、镍、铬、钾盐、铝土矿等矿产资源与中国有较强的互补性,受到中国地质学家和矿业界的广泛关注。东南亚地区总体矿产勘查、开发程度低,随着东南亚地区经济的快速发展和找矿技术方法的提高,该地区一大批新矿床的发现和一系列新矿山的陆续建成投产必将为全球经济发展和社会进步注入新的活力。通过对东南亚地区产出的大型-超大型或代表性重要矿床地质特征和分布规律进行总结,对其产出环境和找矿潜力进行讨论,旨在为中国地质学家、矿业企业了解该地区重要矿床的地质特征、时空分布规律、找矿潜力和找矿模型提供有益信息,为中国地勘单位和矿业企业"走出去",在东南亚地区开展综合性找矿评价提供参考依据,同时也为在中国西南三江成矿带开展勘查找矿工作提供对比依据。 相似文献
17.
20150643Chen Gang(Nanjing Center,China Geological Survey,Nanjing 210016,China);Yao Zhongyou The Compilation of Serial Geological Maps of Oceania Region(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,33(2),2014,p.159-163,3illus.,9refs.)Key words:geologic maps,map compilation,Oceania The collection and choice of interrelated data,establishment of database and compilation and proofreading of maps constitute a large-scale integration of geological and min- 相似文献
18.
V.T.Trofimov 《地学前缘》2008,15(6):199-207
生态地质图被认为是一种新类型的地质图,文中对生态地质图的分类进行了研究。笔者描述了在生态地质图生成中的基本框架,编制生态地质图的基本要求和概念上的命题(定位)和必要的信息基础以及遇到的有关的问题。 相似文献
19.
In Northern and Southern China, there are two different territorial systems of karst collapse. Because of the differences in basic geological conditions, groundwater dynamic conditions and climatic factors, the karst collapses are different in Northern China from those in Southern China in types, distribution characteristics, development density, scope, and formation mechanism. Based on analysis of statistical data in bulk and analysis of basic rules of the karst collapses in China, this paper systematically analyzed the basic geological conditions, groundwater dynamic conditions and climatic conditions both in North and South when studied and concluded the discrepancy in features, scales, density, regional distribution rules, formation mechanism, etc. The contrast and rules concluded will be of important significance and have great implication value to the exploration and prevention of karst collapse planning and layout of relevant project construction. 相似文献
20.
西北地区矿山环境图件的编图特点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
矿业开发诱发了种种环境地质问题,部分矿山严重的环境地质问题已制约了地区社会经济的可持续发展。为了查明西北地区矿山环境地质问题的现状,中国地质调查局自2001年起先后在西北地区部署了大区、五省区、重点矿区等不同比例尺的矿山地质环境调查和研究工作,完成了大量基础性和综合性图件的编制。初步总结了西北地区目前已完成的不同比例尺的矿山地质环境调查与研究图件的类型、内容、表达方式和特点,旨在促进矿山环境编图技术水平的不断提高和发展,为矿山地质环境保护和防治提供科学信息。 相似文献