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1.
花岗岩混合成因研究及大陆动力学意义 总被引：71，自引：19，他引：52
岩相学特别是同位素地球化学研究显示,很多花岗岩并非起源于单一物源,而可能是壳、幔物质的三源（元）混合产物,也可能是三源（元）混合产物,如长英质上地壳物质、基性下地壳物质、幔源基性物质或陆壳、洋壳、地幔物质。因而,用花岗岩推断下地壳物质组成特性有时不一定可靠,但花岗岩混合成因研究却有可能提供有关地壳结构、生长演化以及地壳、洋壳、地幔三者相互作用关系的信息,进而可能成为探索大陆动力学的一条新途径。 相似文献
2.
华南花岗岩物源成因特征与陆壳演化 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
华南不同时代的花岗岩按物质来源及成因可划分为:幔源(分异)系列:幔-壳混源(同熔)系列;壳源改造(重熔)系列和幔-壳混源碱性系列等四个不同的系列,简要阐述了划分四类系列的岩石学、地球化学的依据。侧重根据Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr同位素成分,以二元混合模型计算了花岗岩源区物质组成中,上壳和亏损地幔组份各占的比例。在此基础上探讨了不同物源成因系列花岗岩形成与华南陆壳演化的内在联系:东安、雪峰旋回褶皱系阶段花岗岩物源成因类型比较多样,有幔源(分异)系列、不成熟壳源、成熟壳源改造(重熔)系列等;加里东,海西期以陆壳改造(重熔)系列为主;印支、燕山期活化区(地洼)阶段,在地幔活化激发下,中国东部陆缘形成幔—壳混源(同熔)系列花岗岩和相应的火山岩;但沿内部断裂带,在壳下地幔热传输及构造作用下引起陆壳重熔,形成属于壳源改造(重熔)系列花岗岩。同位素的研究证明了:地洼阶段的构造-岩浆活动主要动力是来自壳下地幔的活化。 相似文献
3.
华南陆壳改造系列花岗岩类型划分和成岩物质来源 总被引：43，自引：3，他引：43
本文将华南陆壳改造系列花岗岩进一步划分为同造山混合花岗岩和岩浆花岗岩型、非造山陆壳重熔型和同碰撞型3类。根据锶、钕同位素测定值,依壳、幔二元混合模型方法计算了3类花岗岩源区物质的构成:第一类型为上壳端元占78.6—89.7％,亏损地幔端元占15.0—10.3％;第二类型为上壳端元占63.7％,亏损地幔端元占36.3％;第三类型上壳端元占100％。均以上壳端元为主。 相似文献
4.
不论花岗岩是交代成因的,还是岩浆成因的,其形成的过程主要是在大陆壳的范围内进行的。交代成因的花岗岩,自不待言交代前钓源岩是陆壳的岩石;而花岗岩浆,除极少数是地幔源的玄武岩浆结晶分异晚期的产物,或直接来自地幔中的石榴石二辉橄榄岩部分熔融外,绝大多数花岗岩浆都是大陆壳重熔或部分熔融形成的。 相似文献
5.
大洋地幔内部存在广泛的不均一性,其成因可有多种模式,其中俯冲循环作用对地幔组成的变化具有重要影响. 为明确各循环组分对亏损地幔的改造作用及其在富集源区中的相对贡献,系统总结了不同循环组分（远洋沉积物、俯冲洋壳、陆壳）的平均微量元素特征,计算了各循环组分在俯冲过程中经历的化学变化. 基于改造后的循环组分,开展与亏损地幔源区的混合和熔融模拟. 结果表明,HIMU型玄武岩可以由纯俯冲洋壳（≤10%）与亏损地幔（≥90%）混合形成的源区,经较低程度熔融（0.5%~1.5%）形成;而EMI型玄武岩可以由俯冲洋壳（≤10%）、俯冲剥蚀的下陆壳物质（≤3%）、亏损地幔（≥90%）混合形成的源区,经较低程度熔融（1%~2%）形成;EMII型玄武岩可以由俯冲洋壳（≤10%）、GLOSS-II（全球俯冲沉积物）或上陆壳物质（≤0.8%）与亏损地幔（≥90%）混合形成的源区,经较低程度熔融（1%~1.5%）形成. 相似文献
6.
大兴安岭中生代花岗岩类的地球化学 总被引：33，自引：18，他引：33
大兴安岭中生代花岗岩根据微量元素地球化学特征划分为高锶花岗岩类和低锶花岗岩类，前者富集Ba、Sr、Ti，而后者强烈亏损这些元素而富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素。高锶花岗岩类主要由石英闪长岩、英云闪长岩和花岗闪长岩组成，属于Ⅰ型花岗岩；低锶花岗岩类由二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩和碱性花岗岩组成，二长花岗岩一正长花岗岩一碱长花岗岩也属于Ⅰ型花岗岩，碱性花岗岩为A1型花岗岩。这两类花岗岩均显示εNd(t)正值^87Sr／^86Sr低值以及较低的Nd模式年龄。高锶与低锶花岗岩类地球化学差异性表明，高锶花岗岩起源于相对亏损的幔源岩浆的分异作用，而低锶花岗岩类的源区与显生宙地壳增生时期起源于地幔的年轻地壳物质有关，即起源于富集型幔源基性岩石的部分熔融。大兴安岭中生代花岗岩与流纹岩之间地球化学相似性以及与玄武岩类的相关性表明，它们是统一的构造一岩浆体系的产物，共同制约于古亚洲洋闭合后的大陆伸展的构造环境和闭合期间壳幔相互作用形成的地幔源区。 相似文献
7.
陆壳的垂向增生 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
陈立辉 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2001,20(1):26-29
陆壳的垂向增生是幔源物质进入到下地壳和下地壳物质进入到地幔的双向过程 ,前者主要表现为壳下底侵作用 ,后者主要表现为岩石圈规模的拆沉作用 ,其中拆沉作用往往诱发了陆壳下大规模的底侵作用。下地壳部分熔融残余的超镁铁质岩沉入到岩石圈地幔的过程称为陆壳沉没作用 ,它可能是陆壳物质进入地幔的一种重要方式。 相似文献
8.
MORB 是玄武岩中研究得最详细的玄武岩类，可分为N-MORB 和E-MORB 两类。通常认为，N-MORB 和OIB 都是独立的端元，分别来自亏损和富集的地幔源岩，而E-MORB 则是N-MORB 与OIB 混合的结果。本文研究表明，E-MORB 具复杂的成因，洋脊深度、洋脊扩张速率及源区部分熔融程度及压力不是造成E-MORB 富集的主要原因。压力及部分熔融程度对玄武岩成分的影响远小于地幔不均一性的影响。推测E-MORB 可能有两个主要的形成方式：1） 由较深处略富集的地幔发生部分熔融而成；2） 由N-MORB 与OIB 混合形成。玄武岩微量元素频率直方图表明，N-MORB 基本上保持了来自亏损地幔源区的特征；OIB 则多多少少受到外来物质加入或与N-MORB 混合的影响； E-MORB 则是N-MORB 受OIB 影响的产物。OIB 与E-MORB 似乎没有本质上的区别， 仅仅是受影响和混合程度的不同而已。OIB 富集LILE，可能既有继承了来自源区的特征（深部富集地幔、循环的古洋壳、循环的陆壳、大陆岩石圈地幔、LVZ 熔体层或早期交代岩脉等），也可能有外来物质加入的影响（与N-MORB 发生不同程度的混合作用）。3 类玄武岩的87Sr/86Sr 和143Nd/144Nd 同位素频率分布与早先的结论一致，但206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb同位素频率分布显示OIB 具有更加复杂的特征。 相似文献
9.
新疆东部-甘肃北山地区二叠纪玄武岩对比研究及其构造意义 总被引：5，自引：7，他引：5
通过对新疆东部三塘湖盆地、甘肃北山柳园地区以及邻区二叠纪玄武岩的地球化学特征对比研究，认识到新疆东部-甘肃北山地区及邻区二叠纪形成的系列断陷带内，同期产生的玄武岩具有不同的地球化学特征和岩浆来源，其形成的统一动力学机制主要是可能由于造山带增厚的岩石圈大范围拆沉而导致的大范围亏损地幔部分熔融岩浆和源自上、下地幔边界的小型地幔柱岩浆的作用。这种地幔柱不是核幔边界深部地幔柱的成因，而可能是早期俯冲洋壳的分离掉落后，中亚造山带范围内可能在上、下地幔之间存在更广泛的部分熔融岩浆的原因。由造山带增厚岩石圈大范围拆沉作用而导致的大范围亏损地幔部分熔融岩浆和源自上、下地幔边界的小型地幔柱岩浆的作用，可能是中亚造山带二叠纪深部壳幔作用最壮观的表现方式。同时也以大范围玄武岩喷发、裂谷、大规模后造山幔源花岗岩和超镁铁岩的侵位以及大规模成矿作用而成为独特的“中亚型造山带”而有别于其它造山带。 相似文献
10.
本文研究了花山花岗岩的岩石学、地球化学和同位素地质学特征,确定了花山岩体是一个由三期独立的、不同时代、不同成因和不同物质来源的花岗质岩浆岩所组成的复式岩体。第一期印支期牛庙石英二长岩和同安石英二长岩,属以幔源物质为主的壳幔混合来源,由上地幔分异岩浆上侵并同化混染了地壳物质而形成;第二期燕山早期花山主体花岗岩亦属壳幔混合来源,但其壳幔物质比值有所增高。上地幔沿东西向区域性深断裂的上拱和地壳物质(包括沉积组分和火成组分)受热重熔,是该期花岗岩的可能成因;第三期燕山晚期细粒花岗岩小岩体是由以沉积组分为主的地壳物质经部分熔融、重熔或深熔而成。 相似文献
11.
Many Archaean mesothermal gold deposits are spatially associated with felsic to lamprophyric minor intrusions and it has been suggested that magmatic processes related to such intrusions may be important in the genesis of these deposits. A comparison of the Pb-isotopic signature of gold-related galenas from Kambalda and Norseman with that of spatially associated minor intrusions (at the time of mineralization) indicates that the ore-fluid Pb cannot have been derived solely from the intrusions or their source regions. For both study areas, the galena Pb-isotopic compositions are bracketed by those of local volcanic (mafic) and intrusive (largely felsic) rock types. This is consistent with the ore fluid having derived metallic components from the crust (or crustally derived granitic rocks) and the mantle (or mantle-derived rocks of the greenstone succession) via metamorphic dewatering or mantle/crustal degassing. Interaction of granite-derived magmatic fluids with greenstone lithologies could plausibly produce a similar array of Pb-isotopic signatures. The Norseman data, as a whole, are more radiogenic than the Kambalda data for broadly synchronous mineralization, reflecting the greater abundance of older granitic rocks with respect to mafic/ultramafic rocks in the Norseman district. The provinciality exhibited by the Pb-isotopic composition of the ore fluid indicates that the gold-mineralizing process formed galena whose Pb-isotopic composition was very sensitive to local variations in crustal Pb-isotopic composition, either within the source region of the fluid or along fluid conduits. 相似文献
12.
Early Paleozoic magmatism of the Tannuola terrane located in the northern Central Asian Orogenic Belt is important to understanding the transition from subduction to post-collision settings. In this study, we report in situ zircon U-Pb ages, whole rock geochemistry, and Sr-Nd isotopic data from the mafic and granitic rocks of the eastern Tannuola terrane to better characterize their petrogenesis and to investigate changing of the tectonic setting and geodynamic evolution. Zircon U-Pb ages reveal three magmatic episodes for about 60 Ma from ∼510 to ∼450 Ma, that can be divided into the late Cambrian (∼510–490 Ma), the Early Ordovician (∼480–470 Ma) and the Middle-Late Ordovician (∼460–450 Ma) stages. The late Cambrian episode emplaced the mafic, intermediate and granitic rocks with volcanic arc affinity. The late Cambrian mafic rocks of the Tannuola terrane may originate from melting of mantle source that contain asthenosphere and subarc enriched mantle metasomatized by melts derived from sinking oceanic slab. Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate the late Cambrian intermediate-granitic rocks are most consistent with an origin from a mixed source including fractionation of mantle-derived magmas and crustal-derived components. The Early Ordovician episode reveal bimodal intrusions containing mafic rocks and adakite-like granitic rocks implying the transition from a thinner to a thicker lower crust. The Early Ordovician mafic rocks are formed as a result of high degree melting of mantle source including dominantly depleted mantle and subordinate mantle metasomatized by fluid components while coeval granitic rocks were derived from partial melting of the high Sr/Y mafic rocks. The latest Middle-Late Ordovician magmatic episode emplaced high-K calc-alkaline ferroan granitic rocks that were formed through the partial melting the juvenile Neoproterozoic sources.These three episodes of magmatism identified in the eastern Tannuola terrane are interpreted as reflecting the transition from subduction to post-collision settings during the early Paleozoic. The emplacement of voluminous magmatic rocks was induced by several stages of asthenospheric upwelling in various geodynamic settings. The late Cambrian episode of magmatism was triggered by the slab break-off while subsequent Early Ordovician episode followed the switch to a collisional setting with thickening of the lower crust and the intrusion of mantle-induced bimodal magmatism. During the post-collisional stage, the large-scale lithospheric delamination provides the magma generation for the Middle-Late Ordovician granitic rocks. 相似文献
13.
We investigated the Jurassic Daebo and Cretaceous Bulguksa granitic rocks in South Korea. The former are distributed mainly in the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs and the latter are present in the Gyeongsan basin and Ogcheon belt. The Daebo granitic rocks generally are of ilmenite series and I to S type. These rocks are associated with Au–Ag hydrothermal deposits, whereas the Bulguksa granitic rocks are of magnetite series and I type, and are associated with Pb–Zn, Cu and Mo–W hydrothermal deposits, as well as Au–Ag hydrothermal deposits. The Daebo granitic rocks show adakitic signatures in their chemical compositions. They are considered to have been derived from partial melting of the thick lower continental crust. Conversely, the Bulguksa granitic rocks in the Gyeongsan basin are non‐adakitic and are considered to have been derived from partial melting of a mantle wedge. Magmas of the Daebo granitic rocks formed at relatively shallow levels, but solidified at deep levels compared with those of the Bulguksa granitic rocks. The Bulguksa granitic rocks in the central to western Ogcheon belt are considered to have been formed by fractionation of magmas derived from partial melting of continental crust. The total Al contents of biotite and hornblende in the granitic rocks increased, with the Bulguksa granitic rocks in the Gyeongsan basin < the Bulguksa granitic rocks in the Ogcheon belt and Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs and the Daebo granitic rocks in the Ogcheon belt < the Daebo granitic rocks in the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs. This order corresponds to an increase in solidification depth. 相似文献
14.
Bor -ming Jahn S. S. Sun R. W. Nesbitt 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1979,70(3):281-298
The petrogenesis of the igneous complex in the Spanish Peaks region, Colorado, is reevaluated with Sr isotopic data (published and new) and new trace element data of REE and other transition metals. These data indicate that the diverse rock types ranging from ultrabasic lamprophyres to granitic porphyry of the igneous complex have independent origins.The lamprophyric magmas could be derived from the upper mantle by small degrees of partial melting of garnet peridotite source(s). Limited intra-type crystal fractionation is responsible for the small differences in REE and other elemental abundances. The intermediate syenodiorites were also derived by partial melting of some mantle sources with garnet as a residual phase. However, the major and trace element data suggest that the source for the syenodiorites is distinctly different from that of the lamprophyres. The narrow range of K/Rb ratios observed in minettes (449–464), camptonites (384–450) and syenodiorites (370–460) suggest that amphibole fractionation is not important in the generation of these intra- and intertype rocks.The granitic rocks were derived by melting of a lower crust whose composition varied from that of a granodioritic granulite to an amphibolite. It is suggested that the high alkali contents of the granitic porphyries are due to the introduction of alkalis into the source granulites shortly prior to the melting. 相似文献
15.
华南花岗岩研究的回顾与展望 总被引：52，自引：7，他引：45
半个世纪以来,华南花岗岩研究经历了3个发展阶段：第一阶段,重点研究了花岗岩的时空分布。根据地质证据与同位素年龄数据,证实华南存在多旋回的花岗岩,即晚元古代花岗岩、加里东期花岗岩、海西一印支期花岗岩和燕山期花岗岩。基本规律是：不同的造山旋回伴有相应的花岗岩。大体上,自西北往东南(向洋方向)花岗岩时代呈愈来愈新的趋势;第二阶段,重点研究了花岗岩的成岩物质来源,划分为M型、Ⅰ型、S型和A型,研究不同成因类型花岗岩形成的构造环境及其岩石地球化学标志;第三阶段,着重研究壳幔作用与花岗岩成因,例如研究玄武岩浆底侵作用与花岗岩的成因联系,以及岩浆混合作用与花岗岩成分多样性的原因。此阶段研究方兴未艾,仍在深入开展之中。今后主要研究方向,环绕3个问题进行：(一)壳幔作用与A型花岗岩成因;(二)陆内花岗岩浆产生的方式和原因(变质核杂岩、花岗岩穹窿、复式花岗岩体);(三)华南大花岗岩省成因。 相似文献
16.
报道了滇东南个旧超大型锡多金属矿区西区北部白云山碱性岩新的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素数据。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,白云山碱性正长岩形成于晚白垩世（80.0±0.6 Ma）,与个旧地区的中基性岩及花岗岩均为同一次构造岩浆事件的产物;碱性正长岩与霞石正长岩具有相似的主微量元素地球化学特征及Sr-Nd同位素组成,暗示二者很可能是源于同一富集地幔源区并经历了不同程度演化的产物。结合已有的元素和同位素组成结果,认为碱性岩、中基性岩和成矿花岗岩很可能分别源自富集的岩石圈地幔、正常的岩石圈地幔和地壳源区。在晚白垩世伸展构造背景控制下,源于不均一岩石圈地幔的碱性和中基性的岩浆底侵,促使中下地壳岩石部分熔融形成花岗质熔体,在上升至近地表过程中引起构造活动带成矿物质的富集,从而形成个旧超大型锡多金属矿床的矿化格局。可以说,源于富集地幔的碱性岩浆在含矿花岗质岩浆的成岩成矿过程中,应不只是提供热量的贡献。 相似文献
17.
Bor-ming Jahn 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1973,41(3):241-258
Twenty representative rocks ranging from lamprophyric to granitic composition, from the Spanish Peaks igneous Complex, south-central Colorado, were analyzed for Sr isotopic compositions and their concentrations of K, Rb, Sr and Ba. The various igneous rocks from this Cenozoic complex do not have a comagmatic relationship from the evidence of their Sr isotopic compositions. Due to the generally low Sr87/Sr86 isotopic ratios, the possibility of the highly radiogenic underlying Precambrian basement as the source of magma generation can be ruled out. The sources for the magmas of this igneous complex must be in the upper mantle or the lower crust. Model calculations using elemental distribution coefficients and assumed mantle materials suggest that the abundant lamprophyric magmas in this region could be derived from a phlogopite-bearing hornblende peridotite by a small degree of partial melting (<5%) at lower pressure environment (<50 km). Other possibilities for lamprophyric magma generation were also examined. The slightly higher Sr87/Sr86 ratios observed in the granitic rocks are interpreted as reflecting the nature of this source-the lower crust. Alternatively, they may suggest a limited contamination of the original liquid by upper crustal material. For the entire igneous complex, mixing of two independent magmas, lymprophyric and granitic, is suggested to be the mechanism responsible for the complicated and diverse chemical characteristics. 相似文献
18.
川西新元古代花岗质杂岩体的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄、元素和Nd-Sr同位素地球化学研究:岩石成因与构造意义 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
扬子块体西缘新元古代岩浆活动十分强烈,其成因对于研究Rodinia超大陆的演化有重要意义.目前对这些岩浆的成因和形成的构造背景存在地幔柱和岛弧两种不同的观点.本文对川西康滇裂谷中四川西昌一带出露的摩挲营花岗岩体和性质相似的周边花岗质小岩体,以及岩体中出露的基性岩墙进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Sr-Nd同位素的研究表明:这些酸性、基性岩体形成于842～790Ma,基本为同时代的侵入岩;花岗岩基中普遍发育中性包体,为岩浆混合作用的表现;花岗岩起源于古老的下地壳,基性岩起源于亏损的软流圈地幔.本文的研究结果支持华南位于澳大利亚和Laurentia大陆之间的Rodinia超大陆重建模式. 相似文献
19.
Zircon and granite petrology 总被引：67，自引：1，他引：67
J. P. Pupin 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1980,73(3):207-220
The typologic study of zircon populations from granitic rocks lead to the proposition of a genetic classification with three main divisions: (1) granites of crustal or mainly crustal origin [(sub) autochthonous and aluminous granites)]; (2) granites of crustal+mantle origin, hybrid granites (calc-alkaline and sub-alkaline series granites); (3) granites of mantle or mainly mantle origin (alkaline and tholeiitic series granites). In detail, there are many petrogenetic variants of each of the following granitic rocks: granodiorite, monzogranite and alkaline granite. The variations observed with zircon typology are accompanied petrographically by modifications of associations of other main and accessory minerals, and on the field by the presence or absence of basic microgranular xenoliths, associated microgranites, rhyolites or basic rocks. In the typologic diagram, some endogenous non granitic rocks (i.e. migmatites, tonalites, rhyolites ...) show a logical distribution with regard to different genetic stocks of granitic rocks. 相似文献
20.
Pumice flow from the 1883 Krakatau eruption significantly differs in both mineral and chemical compositions from any other volcanic rocks or ejecta of the Krakatau group, which belong to the tholeiitic series. Lithic fragments of granitic Rock, discovered in the pumice flow, are similar to West Malayan granitic rocks. No other granitic rock occurs throughout the Krakatau group, therefore, we consider that the granitic fragments came from the underlying complex at depths, where they were captured as foreign materials by the magma.It is possible that sialic crustal materials plunged into depths along a peculiar tectonic structure located at the Sunda Strait, which appears to be a sheared portion caused by deformation of the Sunda arc due to differential movement between the Indo-Australian oceanic plate and the Eurasian continental crust. The crustal materials were partially melted and produced a magma of granitic composition. The magma was mixed with or assimilated by an ascending basaltic magma originating probably from the upper mantle. This resulted in a dacitic magma distinctly dominant in silica, alkalis and volatile components, and the 1883 Krakatau eruption, characterized by the pumice flow of dacitic composition, took place. 相似文献