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1.
东坪金矿床成矿过程中稀土元素活动性   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
尽管稀土元素常被认为是惰性元素,但在热液交代蚀变和化学风化作用过程中具有一定程度的活动性,河北省东坪与碱性岩有关的改进改造型热液金矿床成矿过程中,热液蚀变作用使近矿围岩LREE/HREE比值增大,并出现现铈正常异常;石英脉型金矿石的稀土元素分布模式呈出现明显的继承性,脉石矿物石英,钾长石的稀土元素组成相对富HREE,且在脉石石英出现明显的铕正异常,研究结果表明在中,高温,近中性,较高氧逸度成矿流体  相似文献   

2.
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)方法对兰坪盆地古近系104件细碎屑岩样品进行了稀土元素及微量元素分析,结果显示∑LEE含量较高,轻稀土含量较富集、重稀土含量较亏损,显示出明显的"右倾"型配分模式。根据稀土元素和微量元素特征、w(Zr)-w(Th)、La-Th-Sc、Th-Sc-Zr/10等多种沉积构造背景判别图解及多种交叉分析方法,对兰坪盆地古近系细碎屑源岩构造背景进行了详细研究。利用La/Th-Hf和La/Yb-∑REE判别图解对兰坪盆地古近系源岩属性进行了分析,结果表明:兰坪盆地古近系碎屑源岩主要以上地壳长英质岩石为主,并混有少量基性岩,反映其物源区构造背景为早期为大陆岛弧构造背景,至晚期逐渐过渡为被动大陆边缘构造背景。  相似文献   

3.
彭红  蔡冰堰  陶平  李明琴 《贵州地质》2014,31(4):256-260272
通过对天桥铅锌矿床常量元素、稀土元素、同位素及微量元素等地球化学特征的分析,研究了天桥铅锌矿床的成矿物质流体来源及成矿过程。研究结果表明:(1)矿石、围岩等的稀土元素组成特点相似。∑REE相对较低,LREE/HREE比值较大,稀土配分曲线呈富轻稀土的右倾型曲线。Eu负异常明显,Ce具弱负异常特征。(2)矿床成矿物质流体多来源。受陆源影响较大,主要来自上地壳,且可能主要来自赋矿地层及围岩;无大洋地壳和原始地幔来源。(3)成矿作用为热液改造成矿。  相似文献   

4.
The Khanlogh deposit in the Cenozoic Quchan-Sabzevar magmatic belt, NE Iran, is hosted by Oligocene granodioritic rock. The Khanlogh intrusive body is I-type granitoid of the calc-alkaline series. The orebodies are vein, veinlet, massive, and breccia in shape and occur along the fault zones and fractures within the host rock. Ore minerals dominantly comprise magnetite and apatite associated with epidote, clinopyroxene, calcite, quartz, and chlorite. Apatites of the Khanlogh deposit have a high concentration of REE, and show a strong LREE/HREE ratio with a pronounced negative Eu anomaly. Magnetites have a high concentration of REE and show weak to moderate LREE/HREE fractionation. They are comparable to the REE patterns in Kiruna-type iron ores and show an affinity to calc-alkaline magmas. The Khanlogh deposit is similar in the aspects of host rock lithology, alteration, mineralogy, and mineral chemistry to the Kiruna-type deposits. Field observations, hydrothermal alteration halos, style of mineralization, and the geochemical characteristics of apatite, magnetite, and host rock indicate that these magnetite veins have hydrothermal origin similar to Cenozoic Kiruna-type deposits within the Tarom subzone, NW Iran, and are not related to silica-iron oxide immiscibility, as are the major Precambrian magnetite deposits in central Iran.  相似文献   

5.
The Sangan iron skarn deposit is located in the Sabzevar-Dorouneh Magmatic Belt of northeastern Iran. The skarn contains zoned garnet, clinopyroxene and magnetite. Cores and rims of zoned garnets are generally homogeneous, having a relatively high ΣREE, low ΣLREE/ΣHREE ratios, and positive Eu anomalies. The cores of the zoned clinopyroxenes are exceptionally HREE-rich, with relatively high ΣREE and HREE/LREE ratios, as well as positive Eu anomalies. Clinopyroxene rims are LREE-rich, with relatively low ΣREE contents and HREE/LREE ratios, and do not have Eu anomalies. Magnetite grains are enriched in LREEs in comparison with the HREEs and lack Eu anomalies. Variations of fluid composition and physicochemical conditions rather than YAG-type substitution mechanism are considered to have major control on incorporating trace elements, including REE, into the skarn mineral assemblage. Based on baro-acoustic decrepitation analysis, the calc-silicate and magnetite dominant stages were formed at similar temperatures, around 350–400 °C. In the Sangan skarns, hydrothermal fluids shifted from near-neutral pH, reduced conditions with relatively high ΣREE, low LREE/HREE ratios, and U-rich characteristics towards acidic, oxidized conditions with relatively low ΣREE, high LREE/HREE ratios, and U-poor characteristics.  相似文献   

6.
The rhyolitic dome in the Rangan area has been subjected to hydrothermal alterations by two different systems, (1) A fossil magmatic–hydrothermal system with a powerful thermal engine of a deep monzodioritic magma, (2) An active hydrothermal system dominated by meteoric water. Based on mineralogical and geochemical studies, three different alteration facies have been identified (phyllic, advanced argillic and silicic) with notable differences in REE and other trace elements behaviour. In the phyllic alteration zone with assemblage minerals such as sericite, pyrite, quartz, kaolinite, LREE are relatively depleted whereas HREE are enriched. The advanced argillic zone is identified by the presence of alunite–jarosite and pyrophyllite as well as immobility of LREE and depletion in HREE. In the silicic zone, most of LREE are depleted but HREE patterns are unchanged compared to their fresh rock equivalents. All the REE fractionation ratios (La/Yb)cn, (La/Sm)cn, (Tb/Yb)cn, (Ce/Ce1)cn and (Eu/Eu1)cn are low in the phyllic altered facies. (Eu/Eu1)cn in both advanced and silicic facies is low too. In all alteration zones, high field strength elements (HFSE) (e.g. Ti, Zr, Nb) are depleted whereas transition elements (e.g. V, Cr, Co, Ni, Fe) are enriched. Geochemically speaking, trace and rare earth elements behave highly selective in different facies.  相似文献   

7.
通过对铜厂沟矿区花岗闪长斑岩地球化学元素及矿区地质特征分析研究,区内的花岗闪长斑岩SiO2含量为66.32%~69.60%,Al2O3含量为14.05%~15.55%,MgO含量为1.19%~1.39%,铝饱和指数A/CNK值为0.88~1.05,属于准铝质-弱过铝质,全碱(K2O+Na2O)含量为6.97%~9.11%,相比中酸性岩石碱度较高。岩石中的轻稀土比较富集(LREE/HREE=13.56~16.94),轻重稀土分馏明显(LaN/YbN=25.97~36.73),δEu(0.87~1.01)、δCe(0.89~0.94)均无明显的异常。富集大离子亲石元素(LILE,Rb、K、La、Ba),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE,Nb、Hf、Ti),指示岩石是与板块俯冲相关的造山花岗岩系列。矿床中斑岩型矿体与岩浆侵入成矿作用关系密切,而矽卡岩型-热液脉型矿体与岩浆热液上侵充填-接触交代作用相关,矿区深部工程已揭露出深部存在隐伏花岗闪长斑岩体,找矿潜力巨大。  相似文献   

8.
Mainly high-K, calc-alkaline, Late Miocene to Pliocene volcanic rocks cropped out of the Konya area in Central Anatolia, Turkey. The volcanic rocks are predominantly andesitic to dacitic in composition and rarely basalt, basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite and pyroclastics. Kaolinite, illite, Ca-montmorillonite, alunite, jarosite, minamiite and silica polymorphs were formed by widespread and intense hydrothermal alteration in or around the volcanic products. To investigate the effects of hydrothermal alteration on the chemistry of volcanic rocks, the whole rock chemical composition (major and trace elements, including rare-earth elements (REE) was analysed. The results of the study demonstrate notable differences in the REE behaviour in the different sample groups. REE trends of fresh parent rocks to weakly-, moderately-altered, kaolinitic and alunitic rocks are characterised by strong LREE enrichment ((La/Lu)cn = 14.57, 11,8 to 15.20, 4.54 to 13.30, 12.5 to 24.2 and 34.6 to 47.26, respectively). Most of the samples have pronounced negative and/or weakly-negative Eu anomalies ranging from 0.75 to 0.98 while three samples have weakly-positive Eu anomalies. LRE element contents are higher than those of HREE in the samples. The LRE elements were strongly enriched in the kaolinitic and alunitic alteration; in weakly- and moderately-altered rocks. LREE are nearly immobile whereas HRE elements show different behaviour in different rock groups. The HFS and TRT elements are slightly mobilised in weakly-altered rocks, but enriched in other alteration types. Elements commonly assumed to be immobile (e.g. Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, TiO2, Al2O3, REE) show variation in mass calculation. LIL elements showed enrichment over LREE and MREE, and similar behaviour, in contrast with HFSE. A clear increment of trans-transition elements (TRTE) was found mainly in alunitic and partly in kaolinitic samples.  相似文献   

9.
A wide variety of unusual rock types, exhalites, are commonly associated with or host to exhalative mineralisation within the Willyama Supergroup. Chondrite normalised REE patterns of feldspar-, gahnite-, calcite-, magnetite-and garnet-rich lithologies in the vicinity of stratiform Broken Hill-type Pb-Zn-Ag mineralisation are LREE and Eu enriched similar to the REE patterns of pure metalliferous sediments and hydrothermal fluids of the East Pacific Rise and the Red Sea. In contrast, tourmaline-, garnet-, amphibole-, feldspar- and gahnite-rich exhalites in strike extension of Broken Hill-type orebodies possess LREE enrichments and negative Eu anomalies and also HREE enrichments and negative Ce anomalies. These REE patterns are the result of decreasing temperatures of the hydrothermal fluids, changing oxidation-reduction conditions and increasing influence of basic volcanism with increasing distance from the sulphide mineralisation.  相似文献   

10.
重庆高燕锰矿床含锰碳酸盐岩稀土元素特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
重庆城口高燕锰矿属于大型碳酸盐锰矿床。文章在系统野外地质调查及样品采集基础上,结合前人研究工作,采用等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)分析了高燕矿区师家沟、板相沟及750平硐样品的稀土元素含量。分析结果显示,其稀土元素总量范围49.79×10~(-6)~281.24×10~(-6),平均含量125.92×10~(-6);轻重稀土比值范围1.79~3.58,显示轻稀土元素富集,且轻稀土元素之间的分馏程度高于重稀土元素;w(La)/w(Ce)=0.36~0.93,δEu=1.13~2.96,呈现弱正铕异常;δCe=2.09~5.84,有强的正铈异常。认为含锰碳酸盐岩形成于强还原的碱性环境沉积过程中,且有热水参与,成岩成矿的温度小于250℃,锰富集阶段处于滨岸的高能环境中。CeS10在本区具有示矿作用。  相似文献   

11.
黔东八克金矿床毒砂和黄铁矿微量元素地球化学研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
八克金矿床以矿体和围岩广泛出现毒砂为典型特征,毒砂、黄铁矿为金的主要共生矿物。对矿体及其围岩中毒砂、黄铁矿进行稀土和微量元素地球化学研究,结果显示矿体中毒砂和黄铁矿的稀土元素总量明显低于围岩的毒砂、黄铁矿,从矿体—近矿围岩—远矿围岩,毒砂、黄铁矿都出现铕的明显负异常,铈无明显异常,反映成矿流体具弱还原性;毒砂、黄铁矿微量元素含量呈现出随着成矿流体从早期到晚期的演化而减少,并普遍亏损高场强元素,富集LREE的特征;通过对黄铁矿、毒砂Hf/Sm、Nb/La和Th/La比值分析,表明八克金矿床成矿流体为富Cl型流体;从研究毒砂、黄铁矿Y/Ho、Zr/Hf和Nb/Ta比值变化范围,表明作用于围岩、矿体中的成矿流体从早期-晚期发生了改变,推测晚期成矿流体可能遭受了外来热液的混入;应用毒砂、黄铁矿中的Co/Ni比值,结合已有数据,表明成矿热液具有多来源的特点,成矿流体来源于大气降水与岩浆水不均匀混合。八克金矿是岩浆热液型的含金石英脉型金矿床。  相似文献   

12.
Garnets from skarns in the Beinn an Dubhaich granite aureole,Isle of Skye, Scotland, have a large range of concentrationsof uranium (0·2–358 ppm) and the rare earth elements(REE) (23–4724 ppm). Variations in these concentrationscorrelate with major element zonation within the garnets, andwith changes in the shape of REE patterns. Typical patternsin most garnets display light REE (LREE) enrichment, flat heavyREE (HREE) distribution and a negative Eu anomaly. These patternsare interpreted to represent equilibrium trace element exchangebetween pre-existing pyroxene, hydrothermal fluid and calcicgarnets. Iron-rich zones are characterized by positive Eu anomaliesand an increase in the abundance of the LREE relative to theHREE. These patterns are interpreted as resulting from changesin REE speciation related to the introduction of externallybuffered fluid to the skarn system. Relatively Fe-poor zonesshow strongly HREE-enriched patterns with negative Eu anomaliesand in some instances depletions in Y relative to Ho and Dy,which are interpreted as resulting from surface sorption ofthe REE during rapid, disequilibrium garnet growth. Strong correlationsbetween U abundance and the REE patterns indicate that the sameprocesses have affected U distribution. Both types of patterncan be modified by the effects of closed-system crystallizationon REE abundance in the fluid, and changes in fluid major elementchemistry. KEY WORDS: fractionation; garnet; hydrothermal; rare earth elements; skarn  相似文献   

13.
Behaviour of rare earth elements in geothermal systems of New Zealand   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Rare earth element (REE) patterns of hydrothermally altered rhyolite from geothermal systems located in the Taupo Volcanic Zone in the North Island of New Zealand provide evidence of REE mobility. REE trends of unaltered rhyolites are characterised by moderate LREE enrichment ((La/Lu)cn = 3.84 to 5.62) and pronounced negative Eu anomalies. In contrast, REE patterns of hydrothermally altered rhyolites commonly exhibit different signatures and may be placed into four chemically and petrographically distinct categories. Rocks with clay + quartz + feldspar + calcite (±zeolites, epidote, sphene, chlorite, opaque minerals) assemblages typically display patterns subparallel to fresh rock, whereas, samples which contain quartz + chlorite, or quartz + clay + zeolite assemblages have flat patterns without Eu anomalies, and highly silicified samples are characterised by depleted, bowed REE trends. These patterns may be produced by interaction with alkaline or acid fluids. A fourth group of very intensely altered samples, affected by interaction with acid fluids, exhibits unusual REE trends with highly enriched HREE and depleted LREE, or depleted HREE.These results indicate that some of the REE released by the breakdown of primary phases during alteration are transported away in the fluid. In addition, the degree of depletion is positively correlated with alteration intensity and the fluid/rock ratio. The similarity of REE patterns resulting from alteration by alkaline and acid fluids suggests that the shape of the REE trends is controlled principally by fluid/rock ratios and secondarily by mineralogy. The REE are retained in rocks with a diverse alteration mineralogy, whereas in samples with only one dominant alteration phase (e.g. quartz) it is more probable that not all REE liberated during alteration can be accommodated in the altered rock. Eu commonly behaves differently from the other REE, possibly due to the dominance of Eu2+.  相似文献   

14.
藏南沙拉岗锑矿赋存于下白垩统甲不拉组碳质板岩、泥质粉砂岩、硅质岩及燕山期辉绿岩和喜山期辉长岩中,受近东西向层间破碎带和近南北向构造破碎带控制。围岩蚀变较弱,围绕矿体呈对称性的面状、带状分布。稀土和微量元素测试结果表明碳质板岩和硅质岩具有与上地壳和太古宙后页岩非常相似的稀土配分模式。喜山期辉长岩以轻稀土相对亏损、重稀土相对富集和Eu轻度亏损的平坦型稀土配分模式有别于以轻稀土轻度富集、Eu无异常的稀土配分模式为特征的藏南燕山期辉绿岩。锑矿石具有轻稀土强烈富集、分馏程度高、Eu中度亏损、Ce强烈亏损的配分模式,与洋中脊黑烟囱-白烟囱中热液流体和喷流沉积物的Eu强正异常、海水的Ce中等负异常和重稀土富集的稀土配分模式及沃西Sedex型W-Sb-Au矿的稀土配分模式明显不同,但与喜山期辉长岩的稀土配分模式具有明显的互补关系。此外,锑矿石以其强Nb负异常及Ce和Ba正异常的微量元素特征,展示出与喜山期辉长岩的弱Nb负异常和强Rb正异常及碳质板岩-硅质岩的Nb、Ba负异常和轻度Ce、Rb、Th正异常的异同点,矿石δ34S除个别样品为10.3‰和-41.6‰外,均分布在-2.6‰~-4.1‰区间,反映成矿物质主要来源于岩浆的特点。前人测定的流体包裹体氢、氧同位素值分别为δD=-151‰~-166‰,δ18O=9.4‰~12.3‰,显示岩浆水和地下水的混合性质。因此沙拉岗锑矿是形成于中新世、与藏南拆离系有关的浅成低温热液型矿床,成矿物质主要来源于喜山期辉长岩岩浆,少量来源于围岩,成矿流体部分来源于岩浆期后热液,部分来源于地下水。  相似文献   

15.
对尕尔勤铜矿床花岗闪长斑岩及其锆石的稀土元素进行了分析,并对其成矿作用进行了研究。结果表明,花岗闪长斑岩稀土元素总含量变化范围不大(ΣREE=48.64×10-6~78.12×10-6),LREE/HREE=8.67~11.68,所有样品都呈轻稀土元素相对富集、重稀土元素亏损的右倾型分配模式;δEu由弱负异常→弱正异常演化,这是因为地幔底辟作用引发地壳部分重熔形成长英质岩浆的过程中,逐步消弱了结晶分异导致的负Eu异常进而出现弱的正Eu异常。锆石具有典型的振荡环带,稀土总量较高(ΣREE=735.78×10-6~6792.10×10-6),相对亏损轻稀土,富集重稀土,正Ce异常明显,并呈现弱的负Eu异常,这是因为在地幔流体作用下,重稀土元素及Ce较其它轻稀土元素更容易进入锆石晶格所致,Eu呈弱的负异常则是成岩后期岩体受氧化淋滤所致。综合分析,揭示出地幔流体作用导致花岗闪长斑岩具有壳幔混染甚至成矿特征,同时还能透过岩浆与围岩发生物质和能量的交换,导致变质砂岩成矿的成因机制。   相似文献   

16.
Distribution of the rare-earth elements (REE) in dacite has been studied so as to get a better understanding of the migration behavior of REE during alteration. Both unaltered and altered samples were collected in an unpolluted area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southwest China. The REE concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS. It is concluded that the REE were enriched during dacite alteration in varying degrees. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of altered samples approximately maintain the characteristics of unaltered samples. However, if we normalize the REE concentrations of altered samples with unaltered dacite, fractionation of REE will appear. The LREE are more enriched than HREE in all altered samples with the LREE possibly precipitated as carbonate minerals. Both positive and negative Eu anomalies exist. Enrichment, immobility and depletion are noticed for the element Lu. Heavy mineral alteration, difference in stability constant between carbonate LREE and HREE complexes, downward migration of weathering fluid and microenvironment change may be responsible for the fractionation of REE in the altered dacite.  相似文献   

17.
查岗诺尔大型磁铁矿床位于西天山阿吾拉勒东段,赋存于下石炭统大哈拉军山组安山岩及安山质火山碎屑岩之中,主体矿底板夹透镜状的大理岩,矿体主要为层状、似层状、透镜状。根据矿石组构和矿物共生特征,可以划分为岩浆期和热液期两个成矿期,后者包括矽卡岩和石英-硫化物两个亚成矿期,进一步可以细分为6个成矿阶段。岩浆期的磁铁矿∑REE很低,稀土配分模式大致呈轻稀土、重稀土较富集而中稀土亏损的U型,富Ti、V、Cr,表明铁质可能来自安山质岩浆的结晶分异作用; 矽卡岩亚成矿期的磁铁矿∑REE极低,略微富集LREE,其它稀土元素亏损强烈,贫Ti、V,略富集Ni、Co和Cu。矽卡岩亚期的含矿和无矿矽卡岩中的石榴石的稀土配分模式类似,∑REE含量相对较高,呈HREE富集、LREE亏损、弱正Eu异常的分布型式,显示了交代成因石榴石的特征,暗示与其共生的磁铁矿也是通过热液流体与围岩地层的交代反应生成的,铁质来自围岩。结合矿床地质与微量元素地球化学,认为查岗诺尔铁矿可能是岩浆型和矽卡岩型(主要)的复合叠加矿床。  相似文献   

18.
为了深入探讨深部岩浆活动对碳酸盐岩储层发育的影响,文中通过显微鉴定、地球化学分析以及流体包裹体测试,对巴楚地区和3井奥陶纪钻遇的火成岩进行了详细研究。和3井碳酸盐岩中的火成岩是紫苏辉长岩,为深成侵入岩体,辉长岩的w(SiO2)介于44.89%~45.39%,w(K2O+Na2O)为4.04%~4.67%,w(Na2O)/w(K2O)为2.16~4.23,属钠质碱性系列,形成于板内构造环境。微量元素分配模式以Ba富集Sr亏损为特征。∑REE介于163.43×10-6~215.99×10-6,LREE/HREE介于5.14~5.58,LaN/YbN介于5.192~5.980,δEu介于0.926~1.002,稀土配分模式属轻稀土富集型,通过对和3井碳酸盐岩孔隙度、渗透率以及其中流体包裹体的分析,孔隙度和渗透率的变化与辉长岩的分布有关,流体包裹体温度介于62~161℃,和3井碳酸盐岩受到过热事件的影响,辉长岩的侵入改善了和3井碳酸盐岩的储层物性。  相似文献   

19.
北一、南六矿体是海南石碌铁矿床最主要的2个铁矿体,赋矿围岩同为二透岩,铁矿石主要为赤铁矿加少量磁铁矿.研究两矿体赋矿围岩和富铁矿石的地球化学特征,比较其物质组成差异性,可以为本矿床深部和外围找矿提供有用信息.研究表明,北一、南六2个矿体二透岩、富铁矿的主量元素、微量元素及稀土元素配分曲线差异明显;北一矿体二透岩除CaO和Co含量低于南六矿体样品外,其余氧化物及微量元素含量均高于南六矿体样品;北一矿体二透岩及富铁矿有Eu弱负异常,南六矿体二透岩及富铁矿Eu正异常;所有样品均表现Ce的弱负异常和轻稀土相对亏损、重稀土相对富集的特征.研究结果表明两矿体成矿环境或受后期热液影响不同.  相似文献   

20.
浙江八面山萤石矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及成因探讨   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
对浙江八面山萤石矿床中不同类型萤石矿石和围岩样品的稀土元素的系统分析表明,细粒萤石矿石的ΣREE〈39×10-6,LREE为14.36×10-6~34.24×10-6,HREE0.96×10-6~2.04×10-6,Y〈3×10-6;巨晶萤石矿石中的ΣREE3.62×10-6~20.81×10-6,LREE2.71×10-6~17.67×10-6,HREE0.24×10-6~1.49×10-6;而围岩花岗岩的ΣREE460.29×10-6,LREE225.97×10-6,HREE91.32×10-6,Y>140×10-6;沉积岩中的ΣREE20.22×10-6、LREE16.11×10-6、HREE1.61×10-6。矿石与围岩中沉积岩的稀土总量、轻稀土、重稀土和Y的含量接近,与花岗岩的稀土总量、轻稀土、重稀土和Y元素含量相差悬殊。萤石矿石的稀土分布型式主要为轻稀土富集型,(La/Yb)N通常多数大于8,在8.07~17.26间,δEu值在0.45~1.30,δCe在0.89~1.14间,Ce、Eu基本不显异常。矿石与围岩的稀土地球化学研究显示,八面山萤石矿床为受地层、岩体与断裂共同控制"三位一体"的低温热液型矿床。  相似文献   

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