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1.
广西珊瑚钨锡矿田位于桂东北姑婆山-花山岩体南缘,以发育石英脉型钨矿为特征。盐田岭岩体是矿区内唯一出露的小岩株,但是其成岩时代及其与珊瑚钨锡矿床的关系还不十分清楚。本文利用锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb法和绢云母Ar-Ar法对盐田岭岩体进行了岩体侵位及热液活动年代学研究。结果显示,盐田岭花岗岩锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为106±13 Ma,热液蚀变绢云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为103.6±1.2 Ma,等时线年龄为103.9±2.1 Ma,表明岩体侵位和岩浆期后热液活动事件均发生于早白垩世晚期,为姑婆山-花山地区岩浆演化的末期,与珊瑚矿田内长营岭钨锡矿床热液蚀变绢云母Ar-Ar年龄一致。本文认为珊瑚钨锡矿田的形成可能与盐田岭岩体的侵位有关。 相似文献
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新疆祁漫塔格柯可卡尔德钨锡矿床控矿构造及 40Ar-39Ar年代学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
位处新疆东昆仑祁漫塔格地区的白干湖是中国西部最新探明的一个具超大型远景规模的钨锡矿田,柯可卡尔德是其中勘查程度最高、规模最大的钨锡矿床.文章在对柯可卡尔德钨锡矿地质特征详细野外调研和剖析的基础上,重点开展了控矿构造和白云母40Ar-39Ar定年研究.结果表明,该矿区内构造活动强烈且具多期次性,可划分为成矿前向西右旋剪切构造、成矿期以NE向为主的左旋张扭性断裂和成矿后近SN向正断层性质断裂等3期.应用白云母40 Ar-39 Ar同位素测年技术,分别测得了强云英岩化钨锡矿化花岗岩脉内白云母的积分年龄为(411.7±2.6) Ma,等时线年龄为(411.8±4.7) Ma(n=8,MSWD=0.21);黑钨矿-石英脉垂直脉壁生长的片状白云母的积分年龄为(412.8±2.4) Ma,等时线年龄为(414.6±3.9) Ma(n=10,MSWD=0.22),厘定了该矿床的成矿时代为晚志留世,认为其形成于东昆仑地区加里东造山旋回的后碰撞构造阶段. 相似文献
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赣南崇义地区茅坪钨锡矿床铼-锇同位素定年及其地质意义 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
茅坪钨锡矿床位于南岭成矿带东段,位于崇(义)—(大)余—(上)犹钨多金属矿矿集区西华山—杨眉寺区段中北部的天门山—红桃岭矿田,为天门山岩体向北倾伏延伸的前锋部位;矿区钨锡矿化类型主要有云英岩型和石英脉型两种。文章选取云英岩型矿体及上部石英脉型钨矿体中与黑钨矿共生的辉钼矿7件,进行Re-Os等时线年龄测定,得到其模式年龄为(141.4±2.2)Ma～(158.2±2.2)Ma,其中云英型钨锡矿体中辉钼矿等时线年龄为(156.8±3.9)Ma,成矿时代为中侏罗世,对应于燕山早期第二阶段;从云英岩矿体中样品模式年龄为(150.7±2.4)Ma～(158.2±2.2)Ma,石英脉型矿体中样品模式年龄为(141.4±2.2)Ma～(151.0±2.4)Ma。分析石英脉型矿体紧随但略晚于云英岩型钨锡矿体成矿,并结合矿田内取得的同位素年龄数据,探讨了矿田成岩成矿时代及时差,推断天门山岩体可能为多次成岩成矿的复杂式岩体,其成矿时代跨度为133～156Ma。 相似文献
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粤北地区广泛分布着石英脉型钨锡多金属矿床,根据围岩的差异可分为两类:一类以南雄县棉土窝钨矿床为代表,该矿床以寒武系砂岩地层、中粗粒花岗岩为成矿岩体围岩,以细粒花岗岩为成矿岩体,锆石U-Pb法测得细粒花岗岩的成岩年龄为153.82±0.96 Ma和146.95±0.84 Ma,辉钼矿Re-Os等时线法测得矿床的成矿年龄为150.5±1.4 Ma,黑云母Ar-Ar等时线法测得成矿年龄为151.0±1.2 Ma,从而得出棉土窝钨矿床的成矿时代为晚侏罗世,同时由于前人测得中粗粒花岗岩的年龄为230±2.3 Ma,属印支期,证明了印支期花岗岩也可作为石英脉型钨矿的围岩;另一类石英脉型钨矿床以乐昌禾尚田为代表。该矿床以泥盆系灰岩为围岩,Ar-Ar法测得其成矿年龄为161.1±1.1 Ma,证明其成矿时代也为晚侏罗世。这两类实例证明了粤北地区钨矿床与晚侏罗世侵入岩关系密切,印支期花岗岩与泥盆系灰岩中也可赋矿,这对该地区寻找类似钨矿床有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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青海它温查汉铁多金属矿床40Ar-39Ar年代学 研究及意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
它温查汉铁多金属矿床是新近发现于柴达木盆地和祁漫塔格山结合部位靠近盆地覆盖区一侧、风成沙覆盖严重、成矿元素组合复杂的矽卡岩型多金属矿床.文章主要探讨了其地质特征和成矿年代学,利用云母Ar-Ar法同位素定年技术,获得该矿床钻孔岩芯矽卡岩磁铁矿矿石中白云母40Ar-39Ar坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为(230.7±2.0) Ma和(229.9±3.5) Ma(MSWD=1.8),等时线年龄与坪年龄在误差范围内完全一致,厘定了该矿床成矿年龄为中三叠世晚期.结合区域多金属矿床最新成岩成矿年代学数据,认为该矿床形成于碰撞向后碰撞转换的地质构造环境,构成本区十分重要的与印支期碰撞造山有关的铁铜铅锌金多金属矿床成矿系列. 相似文献
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川口花岗岩体位于南岭成矿带北西侧,赋存有大型川口钨矿床.川口花岗岩主要由二长花岗岩和白云母花岗岩组成,具有高硅、富碱的特点,属高钾钙碱性系列,为分异的S型花岗岩.SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素测年与辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年表明,川口花岗岩体中细粒含斑二云母二长花岗岩成岩年龄为223.1±2.6 Ma,成矿年龄为225.8±1.2 Ma,表明其成岩成矿时代为印支期.元素地球化学及Sr、Nd同位素特征表明:川口花岗岩来源于古元古代泥质岩的部分熔融,形成于印支期陆内伸展-减薄的构造环境.川口花岗岩与钨矿床在时空上高度吻合,钨矿与花岗岩的Y/Ho比值相近,且两者在Y-Ho图解上显示出良好的线性关系,结合钨矿石中Re同位素和流体包裹体氧同位素组成特征,认为川口花岗岩岩浆经历了高度分离结晶,产生了富挥发分的成矿流体而形成钨矿.作为华南地区印支期花岗岩成岩成矿事件的典型实例,川口花岗岩与川口钨矿指示了华南地区印支期花岗岩具备较大的钨矿成矿潜力. 相似文献
8.
广东阳春锡山钨锡矿床成岩成矿年代学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了精确厘定锡山钨锡矿床成岩成矿时代,本文分别对锡山岩体斑状二长花岗岩和矿体开展了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb和石英Rb-Sr年代学研究,获得的锆石U-Pb年龄为103±3Ma,石英矿物Rb-Sr等时线年龄为94±12Ma,两者在测定误差内一致,表明锡山岩体晚阶段形成的花岗岩在时间和空间上与成矿作用有明显的耦合关系,其成岩成矿作用发生在早白垩世晚期。锡山成岩成矿的动力学背景应与早白垩世晚期南岭地区的岩石圈伸展拉张引发的大规模岩浆活动有关。 相似文献
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道伦达坝中型铜钨锡矿床位于大兴安岭南段,矿体呈脉状赋存于二叠系板岩及华力西期黑云母花岗岩的断裂破碎带中。道伦达坝矿床发育铜矿体、锡矿体、钨矿体、铜钨矿体、铜锡矿体、钨锡矿体和铜钨锡矿体。矿床的成矿过程可以划分为石英-萤石-白云母-电气石-锡石-黑钨矿阶段(Ⅰ阶段)、石英-萤石-黑钨矿-黄铜矿-毒砂-磁黄铁矿阶段(Ⅱ阶段)、石英-萤石-绢云母-黄铜矿-磁黄铁矿-黄铁矿-银矿物阶段(Ⅲ阶段)和方解石-石英-萤石-黄铁矿阶段(Ⅳ阶段)。道伦达坝矿床外围的张家营子岩体中的细粒花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为136.1±0.4Ma。Ⅱ阶段Cu-W共生矿体中2件独居石的LAICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为136.0±2.3Ma和135.1±2.2Ma。Ⅲ阶段Cu矿体中1件独居石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为134.7±2.8Ma。Ⅲ阶段铜矿体中1件绢云母的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为138.8±0.47Ma,等时线年龄为140.0±1.1Ma。系统的定年结果表明,道伦达坝矿床的铜钨矿体和铜矿体均形成于早白垩世,它们属于同一个成矿系统;成矿与早白垩世高分异花岗岩有密切的成因联系。 相似文献
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东昆仑祁漫塔格地区白干湖钨锡矿田是认识中国西北地区钨锡矿床成矿规律的重要窗口。作者对采自含矿石英脉的2个白云母样品进行40Ar/39Ar定年,获得其坪年龄分别为(422.7±4.5)Ma和(421.8±2.7)Ma。2个样品的等时线年龄与反等时线年龄也在误差范围内一致,分别为(424±15)Ma和(418±24)Ma,表明分析数据可信。获得的白云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄指示成矿作用发生在晚志留世,与原特提斯洋闭合事件密切相关,闭合后的陆陆碰撞使富含成矿物质的变质沉积物重熔而形成花岗岩浆;花岗岩浆侵入并析出含矿热液,导致钨锡成矿。 相似文献
11.
Enthalpies of solution in 2PbO· B2O3 at 712°C have been measured for glasses in the systems albite anorthite diopside, NaAlO2-SiO2, Ca0.5AlO2-SiO2 and albite-anorthite-quartz. The systems albite-anorthite and diopside-anorthite show substantial negative enthalpies of mixing, albite-diopside shows significant positive heats of mixing. For compositions up to NaAlO2 = 0.42 (which includes the subsystem albite-silica) the system NaAlO2-SiO2 shows essentially zero heats of mixing. A negative ternary excess heat of mixing is found in the plagioclase-rich portion of the albite-anorthite-diopside system. The join Si4O8-CaAl2Si2O8 shows small but significant heats of mixing. In albite-anorthite-quartz. ternary glasses, the ternary excess enthalpy of mixing is positive.Based on available heat capacity data and appropriate consideration of the glass transition, the enthalpy of the crystal-glass transition (vitrification) is a serious underestimate of the enthalpy of the crystal-liquid transition (fusion) especially when the melting point, Tf, is many hundreds of degrees higher than the glass transition temperature, Tg. On the other hand, the same heat capacity data suggest that the enthalpies of mixing in albite-anorthite-diopside liquids are calculated to be quite similar to those in the glasses. The enthalpies of mixing observed in general support the structural models proposed by Taylor and Brown (1979a, b) and others for the structure of aluminosilicate glasses. 相似文献
12.
Enthalpies of solution in 2PbO · B2O3 at 981 K have been measured for glasses in the system albite-orthoclase-silica and along the join Na1.6Al1.6Si2.4O8-K1.6Al1.6Si2.4O8. The join KAlSi3O8-Si4O8 shows zero heat of mixing similar to that found previously for NaAlSi3O8-Si4O8 glasses. Albite-orthoclase glasses show negative heats of mixing symmetric about Ab50Or50 (Wn = ? 2.4 ± 0.8 kcal). Negative heats of (Na, K) mixing are also found at Ternary excess enthalpies of mixing in the glassy system Ab-Or-4Q are positive but rarely exceed 1 kcal mol?1.Using earlier studies of the thermodynamic properties of the crystals, the present calorimetric data and the “two-lattice” entropy model, the albite-orthoclase phase diagram is calculated in good agreement with experimental data. Attempts to calculate albite-silica and orthoclase-silica phase diagrams reveal complexities probably related to significant (but unknown) mutual solid solubility between cristobalite and alkali feldspar and to the very small heat and entropy of fusion of SiO2. 相似文献
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An end member of the tourmaline series with a structural formula □(Mg2Al)Al6(BO3)3[Si6O18](OH)4 has been synthesized in the system MgO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2-H2O where it represents the only phase with a tourmaline structure. Our experiments provide no evidence for the substitutions Al → Mg + H, Mg → 2H, B + H → Si, and AlAl → MgSi and we were not able to synthesize a phase “Mg-aluminobuergerite” characterized by Mg in the (3a)-site and a strong (OH)-deficiency reported by Rosenberg and Foit (1975). The alkali-free tourmaline has a vacant (3a)-site and is related to dravite by the □ + Al for Na + Mg substitution. It is stable from at least 300°C to about 800°C at low fluid pressures and 100% excess B2O3, and can be synthesized up to a pressure of 20 kbars. At higher temperatures the tourmaline decomposes into grandidierite or a boron-bearing phase possibly related to mullite (“B-mullite”), quartz, and unidentified solid phases, or the tourmaline melts incongruently into corundum + liquid, depending on pressure. In the absence of excess B2O3 tourmaline stability is lowered by about 60°C. Tourmaline may coexist with the other MgO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2-H2O phases forsterite, enstatite, chlorite, talc, quartz, grandidierite, corundum, spinel, “B-mullite,” cordierite, and sinhalite depending on the prevailing PTX-conditions.The (3a)-vacant tourmaline has the space group R3m with , , and . However, these values vary at room temperature with the pressure-temperature conditions of synthesis by , , and , probably as a result of MgAl order/disorder relations in the octahedral positions. Despite these variations intensity calculations support the assumed structural formula. Refractive indices are no = 1.631(2), nE = 1.610(2), Δn = 0.021. The infrared spectrum is intermediate between those of dravite and elbaite. The common alkali and calcium deficiencies of natural tourmalines may at least partly be explained by miscibilities towards (3a)-vacant end members. The apparent absence of (3a)-vacant tourmaline in nature is probably due to the lack of fluids that carry boron but no Na or Ca. 相似文献
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Five hundred eighty-five viscosity measurements on 40 melt compositions from the ternary system CaMgSi2O6 (Di)-CaAl2Si2O8 (An)-NaAlSi3O8 (Ab) have been compiled to create an experimental database spanning a wide range of temperatures (660-2175°C). The melts within this ternary system show near-Arrhenian to strongly non-Arrhenian properties, and in this regard are comparable to natural melts. The database is used to produce a chemical model for the compositional and temperature dependence of melt viscosity in the Di-An-Ab system. We use the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation (VFT: log η = A + B/(T − C)) to account for the temperature dependence of melt viscosity. We also assume that all silicate melts converge to a common viscosity at high temperature. Thus, A is independent of composition, and all compositional dependence resides in the parameters B and C. The best estimate for A is −5.06, which implies a high-temperature limit to viscosity of 10-5.06 Pa s. The compositional dependence of B and C is expressed by 12 coefficients (bi=1,2.6, cj=1,2..6) representing linear (e.g., bi=1:3) and higher order, nonlinear (e.g., bi=4:6) contributions. Our results suggest a near-linear compositional dependence for B (<10% nonlinear) and C (<7% nonlinear). We use the model to predict model VFT functions and to demonstrate the systematic variations in viscosity due to changes in melt composition. Despite the near linear compositional dependence of B and C, the model reproduces the pronounced nonlinearities shown by the original data, including the crossing of VFT functions for different melt compositions. We also calculate values of Tg for melts across the Di-An-Ab ternary system and show that intermediate melt compositions have Tg values that are depressed by up to 100°C relative to the end-members Di-An-Ab. Our non-Arrhenian viscosity model accurately reproduces the original database, allows for continuous variations in rheological properties, and has a demonstrated capacity for extrapolation beyond the original data. 相似文献
15.
Richard L. Hervig Derry Scott Alexandra Navrotsky 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1985,49(7):1497-1501
Enthalpies of solution in 2PbO · B2O3 at 974 K have been measured for glasses along the joins Ca2Si2O6 (Wo)-Mg2Si2O6 (En) and Mg2Si2O6-MgAl2SiO6 (MgTs). Heats of mixing are symmetric and negative for Wo-En with WH = ?31.0 ± 3.6 kJ mol?. Negative heats of mixing were also found for the En-MgTs glasses (WH = ?33.4 ± 3.7 kJ mol?).Enthalpies of vitrification of pyroxenes and pyroxenoids generally increase with decreasing alumina content and with decreasing basicity of the divalent cation.Heats of mixing along several glassy joins show systematic trends. When only non-tetrahedral cations mix (outside the aluminosilicate framework), small exothermic heats of mixing are seen. When both nontetrahedral and framework cations mix (on separate sublattices, presumably), the enthalpies of mixing are substantially more negative. Maximum enthalpy stabilization near compositions with Al/Si ≈ 1 is suggested. 相似文献
16.
Guy L. Hovis 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(3):523-525
Glasses in the systems NaAlSi3O8-KAlSi3O8 and NaAlSi3O8-Si4O8 have been studied by means of hydrofluoric acid solution calorimetry at 50°C. Results indicate small negative enthalpies of mixing in the former system and small positive departures from ideality in the latter. 相似文献
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18.
Charles A. Geiger Edgar Dachs Gilberto Artioli 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2010,74(18):5202-5215
Armenite, ideal formula BaCa2Al6Si9O30·2H2O, and its dehydrated analog BaCa2Al6Si9O30 and epididymite, ideal formula Na2Be2Si6O15·H2O, and its dehydrated analog Na2Be2Si6O15 were studied by low-temperature relaxation calorimetry between 5 and 300 K to determine the heat capacity, Cp, behavior of their confined H2O. Differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry measurements, FTIR spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis and powder Rietveld refinements were undertaken to characterize the phases and the local environment around the H2O molecule.The determined structural formula for armenite is Ba0.88(0.01)Ca1.99(0.02)Na0.04(0.01)Al5.89(0.03)Si9.12(0.02)O30·2H2O and for epididymite Na1.88(0.03)K0.05(0.004)Na0.01(0.004)Be2.02(0.008)Si6.00(0.01)O15·H2O. The infrared (IR) spectra give information on the nature of the H2O molecules in the natural phases via their H2O stretching and bending vibrations, which in the case of epididymite only could be assigned. The powder X-ray diffraction data show that armenite and its dehydrated analog have similar structures, whereas in the case of epididymite there are structural differences between the natural and dehydrated phases. This is also reflected in the lattice IR mode behavior, as observed for the natural phases and the H2O-free phases. The standard entropy at 298 K for armenite is S° = 795.7 ± 6.2 J/mol K and its dehydrated analog is S° = 737.0 ± 6.2 J/mol K. For epididymite S° = 425.7 ± 4.1 J/mol K was obtained and its dehydrated analog has S° = 372.5 ± 5.0 J/mol K. The heat capacity and entropy of dehydration at 298 K are Δ = 3.4 J/mol K and ΔSrxn = 319.1 J/mol K and Δ = −14.3 J/mol K and ΔSrxn = 135.7 J/mol K for armenite and epididymite, respectively. The H2O molecules in both phases appear to be ordered. They are held in place via an ion-dipole interaction between the H2O molecule and a Ca cation in the case of armenite and a Na cation in epididymite and through hydrogen-bonding between the H2O molecule and oxygen atoms of the respective silicate frameworks. Of the three different H2O phases ice, liquid water and steam, the Cp behavior of confined H2O in both armenite and epididymite is most similar to that of ice, but there are differences between the two silicates and from the Cp behavior of ice. Hydrogen-bonding behavior and its relation to the entropy of confined H2O at 298 K is analyzed for various microporous silicates.The entropy of confined H2O at 298 K in various silicates increases approximately linearly with increasing average wavenumber of the OH-stretching vibrations. The interpretation is that decreased hydrogen-bonding strength between a H2O molecule and the silicate framework, as well as weak ion-dipole interactions, results in increased entropy of H2O. This results in increased amplitudes of external H2O vibrations, especially translations of the molecule, and they contribute strongly to the entropy of confined H2O at T < 298 K. 相似文献
19.
D. E. Kelsey R. W. White T. J. B. Holland R. Powell 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2004,22(6):559-578
Sapphirine, coexisting with quartz, is an indicator mineral for ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism in aluminous rock compositions. Here a new activity‐composition model for sapphirine is combined with the internally consistent thermodynamic dataset used by THERMOCALC, for calculations primarily in K2O‐FeO‐MgO‐Al2O3‐SiO2‐H2O (KFMASH). A discrepancy between published experimentally derived FMAS grids and our calculations is understood with reference to H2O. Published FMAS grids effectively represent constant aH2O sections, thereby limiting their detailed use for the interpretation of mineral reaction textures in compositions with differing H2O. For the calculated KFMASH univariant reaction grid, sapphirine + quartz assemblages occur at P–T in excess of 6–7 kbar and 1005 °C. Sapphirine compositions and composition ranges are consistent with natural examples. However, as many univariant equilibria are typically not ‘seen’ by a specific bulk composition, the univariant reaction grid may reveal little about the detailed topology of multi‐variant equilibria, and therefore is of limited use for interpreting the P–T evolution of mineral assemblages and reaction sequences. Calculated pseudosections, which quantify bulk composition and multi‐variant equilibria, predict experimentally determined KFMASH mineral assemblages with consistent topology, and also indicate that sapphirine stabilizes at increasingly higher pressure and temperature as XMg increases. Although coexisting sapphirine and quartz can occur in relatively iron‐rich rocks if the bulk chemistry is sufficiently aluminous, the P–T window of stability shrinks with decreasing XMg. An array of mineral assemblages and mineral reaction sequences from natural sapphirine + quartz and other rocks from Enderby Land, Antarctica, are reproducible with calculated pseudosections. That consistent phase diagram calculations involving sapphirine can be performed allows for a more thorough assessment of the metamorphic evolution of high‐temperature granulite facies terranes than was previously possible. The establishment of a a‐x model for sapphirine provides the basis for expansion to larger, more geologically realistic chemical systems (e.g. involving Fe3+). 相似文献