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1.
产于层状镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体中的太和岩浆型Fe-Ti氧化物矿床是峨眉山大火成岩省内带几个超大型Fe-Ti氧化物矿床之一。太和岩体长超过3km,宽2km,厚约1.2km。根据矿物含量和结构等特征,整个岩体从下向上可划分为下部岩相带、中部岩相带、上部岩相带。下部岩相带主要以(橄榄)辉长岩和厚层不含磷灰石的块状Fe-Ti氧化物矿层组成。中部岩相带韵律旋回发育,(磷灰石)磁铁辉石岩主要位于旋回的底部,旋回上部为(磷灰石)辉长岩。上部岩相带主要是贫Fe-Ti氧化物的磷灰石辉长岩。太和中部岩相带磷灰石磁铁辉石岩含有5%~12%磷灰石、20%~35%Fe-Ti氧化物、50%~60%硅酸盐矿物,且硅酸盐矿物与磷灰石呈堆积结构。磷灰石磁铁辉石岩中磁铁矿显示高TiO2、FeO、MnO、MgO,且变化范围与趋势接近于攀枝花岩体。钛铁矿FeO分别与TiO2、MgO显示负相关,而FeO分别与Fe2O3、MnO显示正的相关,且TiO2、FeO、MnO、MgO含量变化较大,这些特征都暗示磁铁矿和钛铁矿是从富Fe-Ti-P岩浆中分离结晶。因此,可以推断太和磷灰石磁铁矿辉石岩形成于矿物重力分选和堆积。太和下部岩相带包裹在橄榄石中磁铁矿含有相对较高Cr2O3(0.07%~0.21%),而中部岩相带包裹在橄榄石中磁铁矿Cr2O3(0.00%~0.03%)显著降低,且这些磁铁矿Cr2O3含量变化与单斜辉石Cr含量和斜长石An牌号呈正相关。这些特征印证了形成中部岩相带的相对演化的富Fe-Ti-P母岩浆可能是源自中部岩浆房的混合岩浆。上部岩相带磁铁矿和中部岩相带顶部少量磁铁矿显示较低Ti+V可能是由于岩浆房中累积的岩浆热液对磁铁矿成分进行了改造。  相似文献   

2.
攀枝花岩体下部和中部岩相带各旋回中磁铁辉长岩和辉长岩的岩相结构特征表明,钛铁氧化物和斜长石、橄榄石的结晶发生在相近的温度区间内,这为我们利用斜长石和橄榄石的成分探讨磁铁矿形成时温度、氧逸度和岩浆成分的变化提供了可能.电子探针分析结果表明,下部和中部岩相带中斜长石An牌号自下向上有规律地逐渐降低,而在每一个旋回内部,橄榄石的F(o)值总是由磁铁辉长岩向辉长岩表现出强烈降低的趋势.这些特征说明攀枝花岩体经历了多次富铁钛的岩浆的补充.斜长石An牌号小幅度的规律性降低说明岩浆氧逸度和Fe3/Fe2+比值变化对斜长石成分影响很小,因此,我们可以根据斜长石成分估计钛铁氧化物结晶过程中温度变化.然而,同一旋回中橄榄石Fo值变化较大说明橄榄石成分在很大程度上取决于岩浆中的Fe3+/Fe2+和Fe2 +/Mg含量,因此,可以根据橄榄石成分分析磁铁辉长岩与辉长岩形成过程中氧逸度和Fe3+/Fe2比值的相对变化.计算得到下部和中部岩相带中斜长石的结晶温度介于1079~1121℃之间,认为钛铁氧化物的结晶也大致发生在此温度区间;根据同一旋回中磁铁辉长岩与邻近辉长岩中橄榄石Fo值的差异,发现每次新补充的岩浆分离结晶过程中氧逸度总是逐渐降低,这与前人对封闭体系岩浆结晶分异过程中氧逸度变化规律的认识一致.  相似文献   

3.
红柳沟北镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于柴达木陆块北部的欧龙布鲁克微陆块东北缘,呈岩墙状,出露面积约0.1km~2,由方辉橄榄岩、橄榄二辉岩、含长单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉长苏长岩、暗色橄榄辉长岩、苏长岩、辉长岩等组成,各岩相带在空间上呈渐变过渡关系。电子探针分析结果显示,岩体的主要造岩矿物为贵橄榄石、古铜辉石、普通辉石和斜长石,并且各矿物的结晶温度为1 307~1 122℃。岩体钛铁矿化明显,主要金属矿物为钛铁矿、钛磁铁矿和磁铁矿。利用橄榄石Fo最高值反演出原生岩浆MgO含量为8.49%,FeO含量为10.03%,TiO_2含量为1.63%,为普通玄武质岩浆。通过综合研究各矿物形成的温度和氧逸度条件,认为岩浆从橄榄石结晶到普通辉石结晶,其氧逸度是缓慢升高的,并且氧逸度是控制红柳沟北岩体Ti-Fe氧化物结晶的主要因素。  相似文献   

4.
攀西地区钒钛磁铁矿矿床的成因类型   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
含矿岩体受南北向深断裂控制,为辉长岩和辉长岩-辉石岩-橄辉岩两种类型。岩体韵律结构发育,由下而上基性程度不断降低。由于岩浆脉动侵入,韵律结构具多旋回性。钒钛磁铁矿矿层赋存于岩体中下部或韵律旋回底部,自下而上依次发育嵌晶结构、镶嵌结构和海绵陨铁结构。岩体的 Fe_2O_3/FeO 比值很高。根据地质构造背景和氧逸度估算,岩体在熔融状态时处于氧分压较高的环境之中。熔融实验表明铁钛氧化物熔点高,结晶早。但是在相当大的温度范围,铁钛氧化物与造岩矿物同时结晶。矿床中单斜辉石与钛磁铁矿中的 Sc,单斜辉石与钛铁矿中的 MnO有良好的协变关系。攀西地区钒钛磁铁矿矿床不是岩浆晚期矿床,而是岩浆早期矿床。  相似文献   

5.
本文主要对新街层状超镁铁岩体中的铁钛氧化物的化学成分及其形成温度进行了较详细研究。新街岩体位于川滇南北构造带中段,处于大型钒钛磁铁矿矿床层状辉长岩等杂岩的东南缘,呈北西-东南向分布,为一单斜层状构造。岩体分为二个大的堆积旋回,九个小的韵律层。每个旋回下部均为超镁铁岩组成,由下而上为单辉橄榄岩、单辉辉石岩、橄榄辉长岩、浅色辉长岩等。  相似文献   

6.
黄山东镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体中的橄榄石为主要造岩矿物,其化学成分与寄主岩(?)有关,具有一定的变化范围:角闪辉长岩相中为透铁橄榄石(Fo:64—73);超镁铁岩相中为贵橄榄石(Fo:81—85);在化学成分中,TiO_2,Al_2O_3和CaO;FcO,MnO和CoO;MgO和NiO各自呈正相关,而组与组之间却表现为负相关或相关性不明显。由此得出:杂岩体的侵入序次为角闪辉长岩相在先,超镁铁岩相在后;杂岩体的原始岩浆为玄武岩浆,在其侵位过程中曾发生过金属硫化物的深部熔离作用并由富MgO到富FeO演化;岩浆开始结晶的温度为1783℃,该温度同时也代表了母岩浆温度的下限。  相似文献   

7.
黑谷田岩体产于峨眉山大火成岩省内带,是一个小型含钒钛磁铁矿辉长岩体。与区内其它典型大型基性-超基性层状岩体具有多个旋回岩相的特征不同,黑谷田层状岩体分为下部、上部两个岩相带:下部岩相带从底到顶依次为橄榄辉石岩、磁铁辉长岩、含磷灰石辉长岩和中粒辉长岩,上部岩相带为细粒辉长岩,二者呈突变接触关系。黑谷田岩体的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为263±5Ma,表明其是~260Ma峨眉山地幔柱岩浆主活动期的产物。岩石的矿物组合(主要为单斜辉石、斜长石,磁铁矿,少量橄榄石等)、元素地球化学(富Fe2O3、TiO2、P2O5,高Sm/Yb及低La/Sm)及低的初始87Sr/86Sr值和亏损的εNd(t)值特征一致指示黑谷田岩体与峨眉山高Ti玄武岩具有密切的内在成因联系。岩体的岩相学及地球化学特征暗示下部岩相带是富FeTi岩浆侵入发生橄榄石、单斜辉石、磁铁矿、斜长石、磷灰石等矿物分离结晶、堆积固结的产物,而上部岩相带是另一期岩浆上侵较为快速冷却固结的结果,矿物堆晶作用不显著,但是二者起源于相同的母岩浆。下部岩相带比上部岩相带具有相对低的初始87Sr/86Sr值(分别为0.7041~0.7051和0.7050~0.7056)和略高的εNd(t)值(分别为2.1~4.4和0.6~1.3),表明后者比前者经历了稍微强烈的地壳物质同化混染。下部岩相带仅有橄榄辉石岩及辉长岩而缺少正长岩和花岗岩、以及较厚的氧化物矿体赋存在岩体底部下凹部位说明黑谷田钒钛磁铁矿形成于岩浆通道系统中,磁铁矿在流动过程中由于重力作用堆积成矿。黑谷田含钒钛磁铁矿岩体的发现表明小型层状岩体也具有重要的Fe-Ti氧化物成矿潜力,在勘探找矿中不容忽视。  相似文献   

8.
四川攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿床Fe同位素特征及其成因指示意义   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文系统研究了四川攀枝花含钒钛磁铁矿层状岩体全岩和矿石矿物磁铁矿的Fe同位素组成特征。研究获得全岩δ57Fe的范围为0.02‰~0.25‰, 平均值为0.17‰, 磁铁矿的δ57Fe范围为0.05‰~0.61‰, 平均值为0.36‰。相对于磁铁矿单矿物, 全岩Fe同位素组成变化不大。相对于全岩, 磁铁矿具有相对重的Fe同位素组成, 并且其相对偏重程度与样品中磁铁矿的含量呈反相关关系。磁铁矿Fe同位素组成与形成环境氧逸度之间的负相关关系表明磁铁矿从岩浆中结晶出来之后没有发生重力分异, 赋存于岩体和矿体中的磁铁矿是原位结晶的。磁铁矿的Fe同位素特征表明攀枝花岩体是多次岩浆补充和分离结晶共同作用的结果: 形成下部岩相带过程中, 玄武质岩浆补充频繁, 形成巨厚的块状磁铁矿层, 其中的磁铁矿的δ57Fe值变化较小; 而形成中部岩相带过程中, 玄武质岩浆补充的频率逐渐降低, 形成多个旋回以及交替产生的磁铁辉长岩和辉长岩。同时, 形成攀枝花岩体和矿体的初始岩浆的氧逸度很高, 在高氧逸度环境下富集成矿, 演化过程中岩浆体系氧逸度逐渐降低, 很好地解释了攀枝花V-Ti磁铁矿主矿体赋存在含矿岩体下部的辉长岩中的成矿机制。  相似文献   

9.
《地学前缘》2016,(3):210-220
岩浆型铁矿床是中国最重要的铁矿类型之一,攀枝花式铁矿赋存于攀枝花大型层状侵入体中,同时是峨眉山地幔柱系统的组成部分。然而此类矿床的成因问题仍未得到有效的解决。文中以攀枝花铁矿朱家包包矿段中部岩相带(MZ)为例,采用定量化结构分析的方法,结合地质学和岩相学观察结果,试图从攀枝花岩体中部岩相带辉长岩中单斜辉石的结构角度解释攀枝花式铁矿层状矿体的成因。岩相学观察可见部分样品中单斜辉石和斜长石具有明显的溶蚀结构以及角闪石、蛇纹石的增生边,被溶蚀的部分由铁钛氧化物填充,而铁钛氧化物之间发育共结结构。晶体粒度分布(CSD)显示,被溶蚀的单斜辉石较未溶蚀样品具有更陡的CSD曲线斜率,CSD曲线小颗粒处弯曲程度更大,以及更高的铁矿含量,说明溶蚀作用导致了CSD曲线变得更陡,产生了类似于粗化作用的CSD曲线。晶体空间分布(SDP)显示中部岩相带岩体上部有分选的趋势,而岩体下部则表现出挤压的趋势,说明了岩体上部保留了岩浆结晶过程中的矿物颗粒分选的趋势,而下部由于普遍的溶蚀导致了矿物粒间空隙增大,难以支撑上部的荷载,表现出挤压趋势。造岩矿物溶蚀、富水的角闪石、蛇纹石生长边以及填隙的铁钛氧化物说明有流体存在。在攀枝花岩体中段结晶晚期,富铁流体加入半固结的岩体使得造岩矿物溶蚀,而后填充于空隙,流体逃逸后铁矿物富集沉淀成矿。岩体下部具普遍的溶蚀作用,受荷载富铁流体被挤压逃逸,形成了块状的贫铁岩体;上部流体水平运移,没有受到挤压作用,流体逃逸后保留了铁矿的含量,形成了富集的层状铁矿体。这种层状矿体的成因模型类似于透岩浆流体模型。  相似文献   

10.
罗雕  侯通  潘荣昊 《岩石学报》2020,36(7):2116-2126
本文报道了攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿含矿岩体边缘岩相带中的苦橄玢岩和岩体中淡色辉长岩的锆石微量元素特征。结果表明二者所含锆石都具有明显的Ce正异常和Eu负异常,以及轻稀土元素亏损和重稀土元素富集的特征,其Th/U比值为0.35~3.23,都属于典型的岩浆锆石。本次研究利用最新实验标定的锆石氧逸度计对苦橄玢岩和淡色辉长岩的氧逸度进行了估算。估算结果表明苦橄玢岩和淡色辉长岩均具较高的氧逸度,分别为QFM+0.3~QFM+2.5和QFM+0.7~QFM+3(QFM为石英-铁橄榄石-磁铁矿缓冲剂)。苦橄玢岩作为来自深部岩浆房侵入到攀枝花主岩体的富橄榄石"晶粥体",其高氧逸度的特征反映出攀枝花岩体的原生岩浆以及地幔源区是相对氧化的,而导致这一结果的原因很可能与古老俯冲事件导致的地幔交代作用有关。通过地幔柱-岩石圈相互作用,在较高氧逸度下发生部分熔融形成了铁质苦橄岩及其堆晶作用产物苦橄玢岩。此外,淡色辉长岩的氧逸度也显示出较高的特征,这说明这种氧化的特征很可能是贯穿了整个成岩过程的,对钒钛磁铁矿成矿,特别是导致铁钛氧化物早期结晶起到了不可忽视的作用。  相似文献   

11.
The Taihe intrusion is one of the layered intrusions situated in the central zone of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province (ELIP), SW China. The cyclic units in the Middle Zone of the intrusion are composed of apatite-magnetite clinopyroxenite at the base and gabbro at the top. The apatite-rich oxide ores contain 6–12 modal% apatite and 20–50 modal% Fe-Ti oxides evidently distinguished from the coeval intrusions in which apatite-rich rocks are poor in Fe-Ti oxides. Most of apatites of the Taihe Middle and Upper Zones are fluorapatite, although four samples show slightly high Cl content in apatite suggesting that they crystallize from a hydrous parental magma. Compared to the apatite from the gabbro of the Panzhihua intrusion, situated 100 km to the south of the Taihe intrusion, the apatite of the Taihe rocks is richer in Sr and depleted in HREE relative to LREE. The calculated magma in equilibrium with apatite of the Taihe Middle and Upper Zones also shows weakly negative Sr anomalies in primitive mantle normalized trace element diagrams. These features indicate that the apatite of the Taihe Middle and Upper Zones crystallizes after clinopyroxene and before plagioclase. The apatite of the Taihe Middle and Upper Zones shows weakly negative Eu anomalies suggesting a high oxygen fugacity condition. The high iron and titanium contents in the oxidizing magma result in crystallization of Fe-Ti oxides. Crystallization of abundant Fe-Ti oxides and clinopyroxenes lowers the solubility of phosphorus and elevates SiO2 concentration in the magma triggering the saturation of apatite. The positive correlations of Sr, V, total REE contents and Ce/Yb ratio in apatite with cumulus clinopyroxene demonstrate approximately compositional equilibrium between these phases suggesting they crystallized from the same ferrobasaltic magma. Early crystallization and accumulation of Fe-Ti oxide together with apatite produced the apatite-rich oxide ores at the base of the cyclic units of the Taihe Middle Zone.  相似文献   

12.
Cihai and Cinan are Permian magnetite deposits related to mafic-ultramafic intrusions in the Beishan region, Xinjiang, NW China. The Cihai mafic intrusion is dominantly composed of dolerite, gabbro and fine-grained massive magnetite ore, while gabbro, pyrrhotite + pyrite-bearing clinopyroxenite and magnetite ore comprise the major units in Cinan. Clinopyroxene occurs in both deposits as 0.1–2 mm in diameter subhedral to anhedral grains in dolerite, gabbro and clinopyroxenite. High FeO contents (11.7–28.9 wt%), low SiO2 (43.6–54.3 wt%) and Al2O3 contents (0.15–6.08 wt%), and low total REE and trace element contents of clinopyroxene in the Cinan clinopyroxenite imply crystallization early, at high pressure. This clinopyroxene is FeO-rich and Si and Ti-poor, consistent with the clinopyroxene component of large-scale Cu-Ni sulfide deposits in the Eastern Tianshan and Panxi ares, as well as Tarim mafic intrusion and basalt, implying the Cinan mafic intrusion and sulfide is related to tectonic activity in the Tarim LIP. The similar mineral chemistry of clinopyroxene, apatite and magnetite in the Cihai and Cinan gabbros (e.g., depleted LREE, negative Zr, Hf, Nb and Ta anomalies in clinopyroxene, lack of Eu anomaly in apatite and similarity of oxygen fugacity as indicated by V in magnetite), indicate similar parental magmatic characteristics. Mineral compositions suggest a crystallization sequence of clinopyroxenite/with a small amount of sulfide – gabbro – magnetite ore in the Cinan deposit, and magnetite ore – gabbro – dolerite in Cihai. The basaltic magma was emplaced at depth, with magnetite segregation (and formation of the Cinan magnetite ores) occurring in relatively low fO2 conditions, after clinopyroxenite and gabbro fractional crystallization. The evolved Fe-rich basaltic magma rapidly rose to intermediate or shallow depths, forming an immiscible Fe-Ti oxide magma as fO2 increased and leaving a Fe-poor residual magma in the chamber. The residual magmas was emplaced at different levels in the crust, forming the Cihai gabbro and dolerite, respectively. Finally, the immiscible Fe-Ti oxide magma was emplaced into the earlier formed dolerite because of late magma pulse uplift, resulting in a distinct boundary between the magnetite ores and dolerite.  相似文献   

13.
The Paleoproterozoic Kauhajärvi gabbro is one of several Fe-, Ti-, and P-rich mafic intrusions associated with granitoids in the Fennoscandian shield in western Finland. The gabbro is cut by the late-orogenic Lauhanvuori granite (ca.1870?Ma), whereas the surrounding area is composed of synorogenic, collision-related granitoids and calc-alkaline volcanic rocks (ca. 1890?Ma) belonging to the Mid Finland Granitoid Complex. The mafic intrusions were probably emplaced into a Svecofennian rift zone. They are characterized by a high phosphorus content; the common occurrence of ilmenite as separate grains; and the coeval crystallization of apatite, Fe-Ti oxides, and Fe-Mg silicates. The Kauhajärvi gabbro is composed of two geochemically and structurally distinct zones. The basal zone is composed of poorly-layered, fine- to medium-grained gabbro, which represents an early intrusion of tholeiitic magma, and has rather high concentrations of chromium, magnesium and silica. Typically, the concentrations of iron, titanium and phosphorus are low, except for the top that is enriched in apatite and ilmenite. During most of the crystal-liquid fractionation of the basal zone magma, low f O2 limited the crystallization of Fe-Ti-oxides. Instead, titanium became enriched in the uppermost layer of the basal zone. The main zone represents a later injection of more evolved tholeiitic magma and makes up 80 to 90%of the total intrusion volume. Peridotite is common, along with gabbro and gabbronorite, in the lower and middle parts of the main zone, and anorthosite is common near the top of the main zone. The Mg:Fe ratio in mafic minerals and vanadium concentrations in magnetite decrease upwards. The variation within the main zone can be explained by crystal-liquid fractionation of a single batch of a parental magma under conditions of relatively high f O2. Titanium is not progressively enriched. The ratio of titanium to iron (TiO2/Fe2O3 = 0.16 to 0.20; Fe total as Fe2O3) is constant in the main zone and normal for mafic intrusions. Titanium is sited in separate ilmenite grains and in lamella within ilmenomagnetite (Ti-bearing magnetite). The high phosphorus content in the main zone is interpreted to result in crystallization of ilmenite and ilmenomagnetite instead of Ti-rich magnetite under relatively high f O2 conditions. High concentrations of titanium, iron and phosphorus in rocks of the main zone can be explained by pre-emplacement crystal-melt fractionation in a deep magma reservoir and/or contamination of mantle-derived mafic magmas by granitic magmas from partial melting of crustal rocks. A low-grade Fe-Ti-P resource at Kauhajärvi consists of layers with as much as 20 wt. % combined ilmenite (usually 8 to 11 wt. %), apatite (1 to 8 wt. %) and magnetite (1 to 9 wt. %). Mineralized layers are of variable thickness (2?m to 30?m) and occur in variable host rocks (peridotite or gabbro). The Fe-Ti oxides are most abundant in peridotite and pyroxene- or olivine-rich gabbronorite within the main zone. The contact between mineralized rocks (4%TiO2) and non- or slightly-mineralized rocks is gradual. The deposit as a whole consists of three to five mineralized layers with maximum combined thickness of 70?m. Apatite is most abundant in the oxide-rich layers, but is locally also concentrated in anorthosite with low Fe-Ti oxide contents. The weight ratio of ilmenite to magnetite is 3:2. The ratio of total Ti-Fe-oxides to apatite averages 4.0, with the range of 1.5 to >15.  相似文献   

14.
The Hongge magmatic Fe-Ti-V oxide deposit in the Panxi region, SW China, is hosted in a layered mafic–ultramafic intrusion. This 2.7-km-thick, lopolith-like intrusion consists of the lower, middle, and upper zones, which are composed of olivine clinopyroxenite, clinopyroxenite, and gabbro, respectively. Abundant Fe-Ti oxide layers mainly occur in the middle zone and the lower part of the upper zone. Fe-Ti oxides include Cr-rich and Cr-poor titanomagnetite and granular ilmenite. Cr-rich titanomagnetite is commonly disseminated in the olivine clinopyroxenite of the lower parts of the lower and middle zones and contains 1.89 to 14.9 wt% Cr2O3 and 3.20 to 16.2 wt% TiO2, whereas Cr-poor titanomagnetite typically occurs as net-textured and massive ores in the upper middle and upper zones and contains much lower Cr2O3 (<0.4 wt%) but more variable TiO2 (0.11 to 18.2 wt%). Disseminated Cr-rich titanomagnetite in the ultramafic rocks is commonly enclosed in either olivine or clinopyroxene, whereas Cr-poor titanomangetite of the net-textured and massive ores is mainly interstitial to clinopyroxene and plagioclase. The lithology of the Hongge intrusion is consistent with multiple injections of magmas, the lower zone being derived from a single pulse of less differentiated ferrobasaltic magma and the middle and upper zones from multiple pulses of more differentiated magmas. Cr-rich titanomagnetite in the disseminated ores of the lower and middle zones is interpreted to represent an early crystallization phase whereas clusters of Cr-poor titanomagnetite, granular ilmenite, and apatite in the net-textured ores of the middle and upper zones are thought to have formed from an Fe-Ti-(P)-rich melt segregated from a differentiated ferrobasaltic magma as a result of liquid immiscibility. The dense Fe-Ti-(P)-rich melt percolated downward through the underlying silicate crystal mush to form net-textured and massive Fe-Ti oxide ores, whereas the coexisting Si-rich melt formed the overlying plagioclase-rich rocks in the intrusion.  相似文献   

15.
The Panzhihua gabbroic layered intrusion is associated withthe 260 Ma Emeishan Large Igneous Province in SW China. Thissill-like body hosts a giant Fe–Ti–V oxide depositwith 1333 million ton ore reserves, which makes China a majorproducer of these metals. The intrusion has a Marginal zoneof fine-grained hornblende-bearing gabbro and olivine gabbro,followed upward by Lower, Middle, and Upper zones. The Lowerand Middle zones consist of layered melanogabbro and gabbrocomposed of cumulate clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and olivine.These zones also contain magnetite layers. The Upper zone consistschiefly of leucogabbro composed of plagioclase and clinopyroxenewith minor olivine. Most rocks in the body show variable-scalerhythmic modal layering in which dark minerals, primarily clinopyroxene,dominate in the lower parts of each layer, and lighter minerals,primarily plagioclase, dominate in the upper parts. The oxideores occur as layers and lenses within the gabbros and are concentratedin the lower parts of the intrusion. Ore textures and associatedmineral assemblages indicate that the ore bodies formed by verylate-stage crystallization of V-rich titanomagnetite from animmiscible oxide liquid in a fluid-rich environment. The rocksof the Panzhihua intrusion become more evolved in chemistryupward and follow a tholeiitic differentiation trend with enrichmentin Fe, Ti, and V. They are enriched in light rare earth elementsrelative to heavy rare earth elements, and exhibit positiveNb, Ta, and Ti anomalies and negative Zr and Hf anomalies. Thesilicate rocks and oxide ores of the Panzhihua intrusion formedfrom highly evolved Fe–Ti–V-rich ferrobasaltic orferropicritic magmas. The textures of the ores and the abundanceof minor hydrous phases indicate that addition of fluids fromupper crustal wall-rocks induced the separation of the immiscibleoxide melts from which the Fe–Ti–V oxide ore bodiesin the lower part of the intrusion crystallized. KEY WORDS: magnetite; Fe–Ti-rich gabbro; layered intrusion; Panzhihua; SW China  相似文献   

16.
The Xinjie layered intrusion in the Panxi region,SW China,hosts both Fe-Ti oxide and platinum-group element(PGE) sulfide mineralization.The intrusion can be divided,from the base upward,into UnitsⅠ,ⅡandⅢ,in terms of mineral assemblages.UnitsⅠandⅡare mainly composed of wehrlite and clino-pyroxenite, whereas UnitⅢis mainly composed of gabbro.PGE sulfide-rich layers mainly occur in Unit I, whereas thick Fe-Ti oxide-rich layers mainly occur in UnitⅢ.An ilmenite-rich layer occurs at the top of UnitⅠ.Fe-Ti oxides include magnetite and ilmenite.Small amounts of cumulus and intercumulus magnetite occur in UnitsⅠandⅡ.Cumulus magnetite grains are commonly euhedral and enclosed within olivine and clinopyroxene.They have high Cr2O3 contents ranging from 6.02 to 22.5 wt.%,indicating that they are likely an early crystallized phase from magmas.Intercumulus magnetite that usually displays ilmenite exsolution occupies the interstices between cumulus olivine crystals and coexists with interstitial clinopyroxene and plagioclase.Intercumulus magnetite has Cr2O3 ranging from 1.65 to 6.18 wt.%, lower than cumulus magnetite.The intercumulus magnetite may have crystallized from the trapped liquid.Large amounts of magnetite in UnitⅢcontains Cr2O3(<0.28 wt.%) much lower than magnetite in UnitsⅠandⅡ.The magnetite in UnitⅢis proposed to be accumulated from a Fe-Ti-rich melt.The Fe-Ti-rich melt is estimated to contain 35.9 wt.%of SiO2,26.9 wt.%of FeOt,8.2 wt.%of TiO2,13.2 wt.%of CaO, 8.3 wt.%of MgO,5.5 wt.%of Al2O3 and 1.0 wt.%of P2O5.The composition is comparable with the Fe-rich melts in the Skaergaard and Sept Iles intrusions.Paired non-reactive microstructures,granophyre pockets and ilmenite-rich intergrowths,are representative of Si-rich melt and Fe-Ti-rich melt,and are the direct evidence for the existence of an immiscible Fe-Ti-rich melt that formed from an evolved ferro-basaltic magma.  相似文献   

17.
The genesis of Liangguo corundum deposit in the southern Gangdese magmatic arc, east-central Himalaya, remains unknown. The present study shows that the corundum-bearing rocks occur as lenses with variable sizes in the Eocene gabbro that intruded into marble. These corundum-bearing rocks have highly variable mineral assemblage and mode. The corundum-rich rocks are characterized by containing abundant corundum, and minor spinel, ilmenite and magnetite, whereas the corundum-poor and corundum-free rocks have variable contents of spinel, plagioclase, sillimanite, cordierite, ilmenite and magnetite. The host gabbro shows variable degrees of hydration and carbonization. The corundum grains are mostly black, and rarely blue, and have minor Fe O and TiO_2. The spinel is hercynite, with high Fe O and low Mg O contents. The corundum-bearing rocks have variable but high Al_2O_3, FeO and TiO_2, and low SiO_2 contents. Inherited magmatic and altered zircons of the corundum-bearing rocks have similar U e Pb ages(~47 Ma) to the magmatic zircons of the host gabbro, indicating corundum-bearing rock formation immediately after the gabbro intrusion. We considered that emplacement of gabbro induced the contact metamorphism of the country-rock marble and the formation of silica-poor fluid. The channeled infiltration of generated fluid in turn resulted in the hydrothermal metasomatism of the gabbro, which characterized by considerable loss of Si from the gabbro and strong residual enrichment of Al. The metasomatic alteration probably formed under Pe T conditions of ~2.2 -2.8 kbar and ~650 -700℃. We speculate that SiO_2, CaO and Na_2O were mobile, and Al_2O_3, FeO, TiO_2 and high field strength elements remained immobile during the metasomatic process of the gabbro. The Liangguo corundum deposit, together with metamorphic corundum deposits in Central and Southeast Asia, were related to the Cenozoic Himalayan orogeny, and therefore are plate tectonic indicators.  相似文献   

18.
Spinel exsolution is widespread in titanomagnetite from the Fe-Ti oxide gabbro of the Panzhihua intrusion, Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China. However, little research has been conducted into the implications of patterns in the mineralogical characteristics of the spinel for spatial variation in the controls on the exsolution mechanism and, hence, the formation process of the ore deposit. This study selected the Lanjiahuoshan Ore Block in the Panzhihua V-Ti magnetite deposit to explore this issue, systematically studying exsolution textures in the titanomagnetite through petrographic observation and the integrated use of in-situ microanalysis. The results show that the exsolved spinel gradually becomes finer-grained and less abundant from the center to edge and the bottom to top of the ore bodies. Compositionally, there is an inverse correlation between the size of exsolved spinel grains and their Mg# value. In addition, there is compositional zonation in the spinel interiors, with a gradual increase in the Mg content and decrease in Fe content from the core to the rim. The analysis suggests that fractional crystallization of ferrotitanium magma with a high oxygen fugacity in a shallow magma chamber caused compositional differences in the primary magnetite solid solution in different parts of the Panzhihua intrusion. Additionally, the thermal evolution of the magnetite solid solution differed in different parts of orebody, bringing about variations in spinel development. Together, these effects resulted in spatial variation in the abundance, grain size, and morphology of spinel in different parts of the orebody and intrusion that follows an identifiable distribution law. Furthermore, the compositional zonation of exsolved spinels reflects the rapid growth of exsolution features in a high-temperature environment. Thus, the size, morphology, abundance, and composition of spinel exsolution features in titanomagnetite provide a valuable petrogenetic tool for estimating the maturity and formational environment of the deposit.  相似文献   

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