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西藏西南部达巴-休古嘎布蛇绿岩带中地幔橄榄岩的成因 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本文报道了西藏西南部达巴-休古嘎布蛇绿岩带中橄榄岩的矿物化学资料.橄榄岩中主要造岩矿物化学成分的分析研究表明,该区橄榄岩为残余地幔成因,但它们不是地幔简单熔化的残余物.尖晶石中Cr#及辉石中Ti的广泛变化表明它们具有复杂的熔融历史及地幔交代作用的印记,其形成过程可能经历了两种构造环境的转变.早期在MORB环境下形成低Cr#(尖晶石)橄榄岩;其后由于洋内俯冲作用,早先形成的低熔橄榄岩被消减到岛弧之下再度发生熔融形成高Cr#(尖晶石)橄榄岩.从而,在古大洋消失之后形成的碰撞带上同时保存了MORB型和SSZ型两类蛇绿岩. 相似文献
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雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带东段泽当蛇绿岩起源及演化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过对泽当蛇绿岩中地幔橄榄岩主要矿物的矿物化学,以及蛇绿岩中地幔橄榄岩、玄武岩和辉长岩的岩石化学和地球化学的研究,结合前人对泽当蛇绿岩年代学和构造背景的认识,讨论泽当蛇绿岩的起源和演化。①通过对泽当蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中橄榄石的Fo值,斜方辉石和单斜辉石的En值、Mg#值和Al2O3含量,尖晶石的Mg#和Cr#值的讨论,发现泽当蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩起源于洋中脊下亏损地幔域,方辉橄榄岩的熔融程度比二辉橄榄岩高,后期都受到俯冲带的改造。②通过对地幔橄榄岩岩石化学和地球化学分析,绝大多数的主量元素和微量元素的含量低于原始地幔,微量元素的原始地幔标准化曲线与深海橄榄岩曲线重合,说明它们是亏损的原始地幔熔融残留物,起源于洋中脊环境。③通过对泽当蛇绿岩辉长岩的岩石化学和地球化学研究发现辉长岩起源于比N-MORB更亏损的源区,具有N-MORB的性质,后期可能因为受到俯冲带的改造又具有了岛弧拉斑玄武岩的性质。④泽当蛇绿岩玄武岩包含N-MORB型和E-MORB型两类,说明泽当蛇绿岩起源于包含富集地幔的岩浆源区。N-MORB型玄武岩还具有岛弧拉斑玄武岩的性质,说明N-MORB型玄武岩后期受到俯冲带的改造,而EMORB型玄武岩没有受到俯冲带影响。⑤通过总结前人对泽当蛇绿岩年代学和构造背景的研究成果以及本文的发现,作者认为泽当蛇绿岩是170Ma左右起源于混合不均一的洋中脊下亏损地幔域,150Ma左右在弧前环境受到俯冲带的改造。 相似文献
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西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段东波蛇绿岩的构造背景特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
西藏东波蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段,由地幔橄榄岩、辉石岩和辉长岩等组成。地幔橄榄岩主要为方辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩和少量二辉橄榄岩。岩体的边界出露玄武岩和硅质岩等。地幔橄榄岩中有少量辉石岩和辉长岩的脉岩,宽约1 m,走向北西,与岩体的构造线方向基本一致。各岩相岩石地球化学研究结果表明,东波蛇绿岩的岩相存在较大的差异,玄武岩具有与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似的地球化学特征,而地幔橄榄岩中辉石岩、辉长岩脉与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)相似,形成于洋中脊环境,并受后期俯冲流体作用的改造。东波岩体中二辉橄榄岩具有与深海地幔橄榄岩较一致的轻稀土亏损特征,而方辉橄榄岩和纯橄岩的地球化学特征显示出岩体形成于MOR环境,后受到SSZ环境的改造。东波蛇绿岩的岩石地球化学特征显示其洋中脊叠加洋岛的构造背景。 相似文献
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苏北东海超镁铁岩研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
苏北东海超镁铁岩分为南、北两带。北带以变质橄榄岩为主，南带以洋壳堆积超镁铁岩为主，是“肢解的蛇绿岩”。推测蛇绿岩形成于中－新元古代扬子古大陆板块北缘苏北－胶南地体与胶北地体间的洋盆环境。变质橄榄岩为高温超高压下原始地幔岩经中等程度熔融后的残余地幔橄榄岩。 相似文献
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闽北政和洋后变质超镁铁岩的岩石地球化学及矿物化学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
岩石化学研究表明，洋后变质超镁铁岩是由变质方辉橄榄岩和变质超镁铁堆积岩组成。变质方辉橄榄岩的微量元素地球化学及矿物化学特征表明，应为亏损的残余地幔产物。通过系统的岩石地球化学、矿物化学及年代学研究，认为洋后变质超镁铁岩可能为华南晚震旦－早古生代的蛇绿岩组成部分。 相似文献
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对富铝型豆荚状铬铁矿矿床成因的新认识一一以新疆萨尔托海铬铁矿矿床为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
萨尔托海铬铁矿矿床产于萨尔托海蛇绿岩块的地幔橄榄岩中,属于富铝型豆荚状铬铁矿床。该矿床与一套橄长岩和辉长岩类岩石紧密伴生,矿体周围常被一薄的绿泥石壳所包裹。本区铬铁矿的形成包括两个阶段:第一阶段是原始地幔岩经高度熔融形成富铬铬铁矿;第二阶段形成富铝铬铁矿。交代作用伴随着新生单斜辉石和斜长石的形成。原始地幔岩的高度熔融以及基性熔体在地幔橄榄岩中的形成和存在是萨尔托海铬铁矿形成的先决条件。 相似文献
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崇根山岩块是贺根山蛇绿岩带内超基性岩出露面积最大的岩块,岩性主要以二辉橄榄岩为主,方辉橄榄岩次之以及少量纯橄岩透镜体或团块。岩石学和地球化学特征表明这套超基性岩属于位于蛇绿岩套中下部的地幔橄榄岩序列,其二辉橄榄岩和方辉橄榄岩具有富Al的特征,分异指数很低(DI=0.1~2.79),而固结指数很高(SI=79.9~89.62),代表了原始地幔的残余。稀土元素表现为LREE弱亏损的特征,与阿尔卑斯型辉橄岩相似;纯橄岩稀土含量仅为球粒陨石的1/10,具有"U"型稀土元素分布模式,与阿尔卑斯橄榄岩和SSZ型蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩相似。崇根山大面积出露的二辉橄榄岩可能代表了洋盆扩张早期的地幔橄榄岩的残余。整体上富Sr贫Ti的现象暗示了后期消减作用对地幔橄榄岩地球化学结构的影响。 相似文献
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西昆仑库地蛇绿混杂岩由方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩等地幔变质橄榄岩、豆荚状铬铁矿、堆晶橄榄岩、堆晶辉石岩和辉长岩、辉绿岩墙、块状和枕状玄武岩等组成。强亏损方辉橄榄岩为主的地幔岩组合,二辉石的低Al含量和铬尖晶石的高Cr#,以及岩石的富Mg、Ni和贫Al、Ca特征一致表明地幔橄榄岩类是经较高程度部分熔融后的地幔残余,与消减带之上蛇绿岩中的同类岩石相近。岩石富Rb、Ba、U、Th、LREE,说明地幔残余岩石受到了来自消减带的洋壳重熔组分的混染。堆晶岩以辉石岩和辉长岩为主,可能属PPG系列,指示岩浆是在消减带环境和含水条件下熔融的。辉长岩为低Ti蛇绿岩型,代表洋内弧后盆地早期环境或弧前环境。辉绿岩和玄武岩为洋中脊拉斑玄武岩和岛弧拉斑玄武岩的过渡类型;玄武岩和辉绿岩相比富Ba、Th、LREE,贫Ta,指示玄武岩较辉绿岩更多地受到来自消减带洋壳重熔组分的影响。库地蛇绿岩形成时的古构造环境是消减带之上的弧间或弧后盆地。 相似文献
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Re-Os同位素体系在蛇绿岩应用研究中的进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Re-Os不同于由亲石元素构成的同位素体系，在原始上地幔（PUN）部分熔融过程中，母体Re是中等不相容元素，优先进入熔体相，子体Os是强相容元素，富集在残留相中，是研究蛇绿岩的极好示踪剂。在蛇绿岩应用研究中已经取得了4个方面的进展：（1）明确了熔体相的Re／Os和^187Os／^188Os比值高，而残留相的低；（2）铬铁矿中铂族元素矿物（PGM）的Re亏损年龄（TRD）证实了蛇绿岩中复杂的超镁铁岩体是多阶段部分熔融的产物；（3）现代大洋橄榄岩和玄武岩的Re-Os同位素研究表明熔体相和残留相的^187Os／^188Os比值在高于亏损地幔值（DMM）的部分是一致的，而低于DMM的存在不一致性，为研究蛇绿岩中熔体相与残留相是否存在“耦合”关系提供了新的制约因素；（4）揭示了蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中含有古大陆岩石圈地幔，这是前所未知的。虽然取得了不少进展，但是由于Re-Os同位素体系用于蛇绿岩研究的时间较短，尚存在一些问题，如显生宙蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩的定年问题，有待进一步深化研究。 相似文献
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大洋橄榄岩和洋中脊玄武岩是地幔熔融和熔体萃取过程中的互补产物 ,地幔熔融和熔体萃取过程形成洋壳 ,因此大洋橄榄岩和洋中脊玄武岩的研究可提供这一过程的独立信息。通过大洋橄榄岩和洋中脊玄武岩的岩石学与地球化学研究 ,特别是痕量元素在熔融和熔体演化过程中地球化学行为的研究 ,对定量描述洋中脊下地幔熔融动力学和认识化学地球动力学模式是十分重要的。目前 ,大洋橄榄岩的研究 ,已成为岩石学研究的前沿领域之一。 相似文献
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富铝型豆荚状铬铁矿床的成矿模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
富铝型豆荚状铬铁矿床系指产于ＰＴＧ系列蛇绿岩套地幔橄榄岩中的矿石，以富铝（Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞２０％）、低铬（Ｃｒ２Ｏ３＜４５％）为特征的铬铁矿床。该类型矿床以萨尔托海、贺根山及洪古勒楞铬铁矿床为代表。含富铝型铬铁矿床的岩体以伴有丰富的基性分凝体、含长地幔橄榄岩的出现以及矿石四周发育绿泥石薄壳而区别于含富铬型铬铁矿床的岩体。作者的研究表明富铝型铬铁矿床是原始地幔岩不同程度部分熔融再造的产物。富铬矿浆代表高度部分熔融的最终残余。富铝型铬铁矿床的成矿模式有两种：一为原始地幔岩中低度部分熔融再造的产物，以缺失高熔杂岩带为特征，属中低熔再造成矿模式，以洪古勒楞矿床为代表；另一种为原始地幔岩高度熔融再造的产物，以发育高熔杂岩带为特征，基性熔体与富铬矿浆之间曾发生了再平衡作用，属高熔再造－再平衡成矿模式，以萨尔托海及贺根山矿床为代表。 相似文献
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Geodynamic Information in Peridotite Petrology 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
Systematic differences are observed in the petrology and majorelement geochemistry of natural peridotite samples from thesea floor near oceanic ridges and subduction zones, the mantlesection of ophiolites, massif peridotites, and xenoliths ofcratonic mantle in kimberlite. Some of these differences reflectvariable temperature and pressure conditions of melt extraction,and these have been calibrated by a parameterization of experimentaldata on fertile mantle peridotite. Abyssal peridotites are examplesof cold residues produced at oceanic ridges. High-MgO peridotitesfrom the Ronda massif are examples of hot residues producedin a plume. Most peridotites from subduction zones and ophiolitesare too enriched in SiO2 and too depleted in Al2O3 to be residues,and were produced by melt–rock reaction of a precursorprotolith. Peridotite xenoliths from the Japan, Cascades andChile–Patagonian back-arcs are possible examples of arcprecursors, and they have the characteristics of hot residues.Opx-rich cratonic mantle is similar to subduction zone peridotites,but there are important differences in FeOT. Opx-poor xenolithsof cratonic mantle were hot residues of primary magmas with16–20% MgO, and they may have formed in either ancientplumes or hot ridges. Cratonic mantle was not produced as aresidue of Archean komatiites. KEY WORDS: peridotite; residues; fractional melting; abyssal; cratonic mantle; subduction zone; ophiolite; potential temperature; plumes; hot ridges 相似文献
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The Fuchuan ophiolite is located in the northeasternmost segment of the Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogen and consists mainly of harzburgites, with minor dunites, pyroxenite and gabbro veins and dykes. In order to investigate the genesis and tectonic setting of the Fuchuan ophiolite and chromitites, in situ analyses of unaltered chromites and silicates were carried out. Trace element analyses of unaltered chromites from the Fuchuan chromitites indicate the parental magma is of mid-ocean ridge basal... 相似文献
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Summary The Koziakas ophiolitic complex is situated in W. Thessaly and is interpreted as an incomplete ophiolite sequence, thrust
over the Western Thessaly Unit (W.T.U.). Two tectonically distinct units represent it: (1) the lower unit with a metamorphic
sole and a tectonosedimentary mélange and (2) the upper unit including mantle peridotites and basaltic lavas. The mantle peridotites
are composed by harzburgite, lherzolite and plagioclase lherzolite intruded by a sparse network of gabbroic, plagiogranitic
and doleritic dykes. The volcanic sequence of the upper unit can be geochemically subdivided into four groups of basalts with:
(1) tholeiitic N-type MORB affinities, (2) low-Ti boninitic affinities, (3) subalkalic E-MORB type affinities and (4) alkali
characteristics displaying a different petrogenetic evolution with respect to the other groups. The magmatic history of the
Koziakas ophiolite is in agreement with extensive fractional crystallization and variable degrees of partial melting of a
heterogeneous mantle source, yielding, magmas mainly of MORB composition. Modal and cryptic metasomatic phenomena of the mantle
peridotites as well as Sr-Nd isotopic ratios imply that this melt contained also a hydrous component derived from melting
of a subducted lithosphere. The above geochemical characteristics and the correlation with the adjacent ophiolite suites of
Pindos, Othris and Vourinos indicate that Koziakas ophiolitic complex formed in a small backarc basin situated at the eastern
margin of the greater Pindos Ocean, between the Western Thessaly Unit (W.T.U.) and the Pelagonian continent. 相似文献
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Petrology, Geochemistry and Tectonic Significance of the Metamorphic Peridotites from Longmuco–Shuanghu Ophiolitic Melange belt, Tibet 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Taoxinghu metamorphic peridotite is a firstly reported mantle sequence of ophiolite since Longmuco–Shuanghu–Lancangjiang suture zone (LSLSZ) was proposed, and it is also an important discovered for ophiolite studying in central Qiangtang. Based on detailed analyses of whole–rock geochemistry of Taoxinghu metamorphic peridotites and contrast to metamorphic peridotites in typical ophiolites worldwide, the paper investigates their petrogenesis and geological implication. The petrologic results show that the protolith of Taoxinghu metamorphic perdotites have the mineral assemblage and texture characteristic of mantle peridotite. Most metamorphic peridotites hav near global abyssal peridotites major elements contents, while the few is similar to SSZ–type peridotites. They exhibit typically U–shaped REE patterns, characterized by slight enrichment of LREE and HREE relative to MREE and a low fractionated LREE to HREE segment. Trace elements contents are low and all samples are strong enrichment in Cs, U, Pb, weak enrichment in Ba and depletion in Th, but negative Nb anomalies are only observed in few samples. That suggests Taoxinghu metamorphic peridotites have depletion mantle and suprasubduction affinities. A two–stage evolution history is considered: Taoxinghu metamorphic peridotites originated as the residue from melting at a ridge with 7%–20% degree of fraction melting and were subsequently modified by interaction with mafic melt and aqueous fluid within mantle wedge on subducted zone. Combined with previous studies, we preliminarily propose Taoxinghu metamorphic peridotites may be the Products of initial rifting of palo–Tethys, forming at middle Ordivician–upper Cambrian, and they may be the direct evidences for spreading of palo–Tethys. 相似文献
18.
Platinum-group elemental geochemistry of mafic and ultramafic rocks from the Xigaze ophiolite, southern Tibet 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The Xigaze ophiolite in the central part of the Yarlung–Zangbo suture zone, southern Tibet, has a well-preserved sequence of sheeted dykes, basalts, cumulates and mantle peridotites at Jiding and Luqu. Both the basalts and diabases at Jiding have similar compositions with SiO2 ranging from 45.9 to 53.5 wt%, MgO from 3.1 to 6.8 wt% and TiO2 from 0.87 to 1.21 wt%. Their Mg#s [100Mg/(Mg + Fe)] range from 40 to 60, indicating crystallization from relatively evolved magmas. They have LREE-depleted, chondrite-normalized REE diagrams, suggesting a depleted mantle source. These basaltic rocks have slightly negative Nb- and Ti-anomalies, suggesting that the Xigaze ophiolite represents a fragment of mature MORB lithosphere modified in a suprasubduction zone environment. The mantle peridotites at Luqu are high depleted with low CaO (0.3–1.2 wt%) and Al2O3 (0.04–0.42 wt%). They display V-shaped, chondrite-normalized REE patterns with (La/Gd)N ratios ranging from 3.17 to 64.6 and (Gd/Yb)N from 0.02 to 0.20, features reflecting secondary metasomatism by melts derived from the underlying subducted slab. Thus, the geochemistry of both the basaltic rocks and mantle peridotites suggests that the Xigaze ophiolite formed in a suprasubduction zone.Both the diabases and basalts have Pd/Ir ratios ranging from 7 to 77, similar to MORB. However, they have very low PGE abundances, closely approximating the predicted concentration in a silicate melt that has fully equilibrated with a fractionated immiscible sulfide melt, indicating that the rocks originated from magmas that were S-saturated before eruption. Moderate degrees of partial melting and early precipitation of PGE alloys explain their high Pd/Ir ratios and negative Pt-anomalies. The mantle peridotites contain variable amounts of Pd (5.99–13.5 ppb) and Pt (7.92–20.5 ppb), and have a relatively narrow range of Ir (3.47–5.01 ppb). In the mantle-normalized Ni, PGE, Au and Cu diagram, they are relatively rich in Pd and depleted in Cu. There is a positive correlation between CaO and Pd. The Pd enrichment is possibly due to secondary enrichment by metasomatism. Al2O3 and Hf do not correlate with Ir, but show positive variations with Pt, Pd and Au, indicating that some noble metals can be enriched by metasomatic fluids or melts carrying a little Al and Hf. We propose a model in which the low PGE contents and high Pd/Ir ratios of the basaltic rocks reflect precipitation of sulfides and moderate degrees of partial melting. The high Pd mantle peridotites of Xigaze ophiolites were formed by secondary metasomatism by a boninitic melt above a subduction zone. 相似文献