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安昌岘钼矿为隐伏矿床.矿体产于夕卡岩中,呈似层状、透镜体状大致平行分布.钼矿石中的金属矿物主要有辉钼矿,其次为黄铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿等.非金属矿物主要有石榴石、透辉石、符山石、透闪石、阳起石、石英.围岩蚀变类型主要有夕卡岩化、硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化、阳起石化.与成矿有关的蚀变主要为夕卡岩化.侏罗纪钢屯超单元花岗岩是主要含钼矿源岩.安昌岘钼矿属夕卡岩型钼矿床. 相似文献
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云开地块北缘MORB型火山岩的首次发现及其大地构造意义 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
最新研究发现,在云开地块北缘陆川县石窝镇-北流市清水口镇一带的"云开岩群"中出露一系列变质基性火山岩,该火山岩总体呈北东向带状分布,主要岩性为斜长角闪岩和斜长角闪片麻岩,局部岩石中还夹有少量呈透镜状、布丁状或似层状产出的石榴辉石岩、透辉石岩、透辉角闪石岩、角闪石岩、(含石榴)斜长角闪岩、角闪绿帘石岩、石榴阳起石岩、石榴斜长辉石岩等.地球化学研究表明,其为典型的大洋拉斑玄武岩(MORB型玄武岩).斜长角闪岩的锆石SHRIMP法喷发成岩年龄为(1 462±28) Ma,表明其可能代表该区消失了的古洋壳岩石,是四堡期洋壳蛇绿岩的组成部分. 相似文献
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云南个旧卡房铜矿床地质地球化学特征及其成因探讨 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
云南个旧是世界上最大的锡多金属矿田,卡房铜矿是个旧矿田主要的产铜区。卡房铜矿主要的矿床类型有两类:玄武岩层中或玄武岩与大理岩层间的似层状矿体以及花岗岩与围岩接触带矿体。围岩蚀变主要有夕卡岩化、阳起石化和金云母化。电子探针分析结果显示,卡房铜矿夕卡岩中的辉石主要为透辉石-钙铁辉石系列,石榴子石端元组分以钙铝榴石-钙铁榴石为主。流体包裹体及氢、氧同位素研究显示,从主成矿期到后成矿期,流体温度有显著降低(从260～360℃到160～280℃),而流体盐度则基本保持不变(从1.74%～12.51%到1.74%～11.93%)。氢、氧同位素组成表明,早期成矿流体主要以岩浆水为主,而晚期成矿流体可能在上升过程中与地层中的大气降水相混合。硫同位素分析结果表明,卡房铜矿似层状矿体中硫化物的硫来源于三叠系玄武岩,而燕山期花岗岩和三叠纪玄武岩共同为卡房铜矿接触带矿体提供了成矿所需的大部分的硫。铅同位素分析结果显示,卡房铜矿似层状矿体的成矿物质主要来源于三叠系玄武岩,而接触带矿体的铅可能主要来源于燕山期花岗岩。 相似文献
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小柳沟铜钨矿赋存于长城系朱龙关群中，其中以赋存于云母角闪片岩，夕卡岩，夕卡岩化灰岩中的似层状矿化为主，矿体规模大，品位高，矿物成分复杂，围岩蚀变发育，其次为赋存于岩体接触带的夕卡岩型似层状，透镜状矿体，矿体规模较大，但品位低，矿石成分简单，围岩蚀变较发育，另外还有赋存于石英网脉带中的脉状矿体，矿体规模小，品位较低，矿石成分简单，围岩蚀变较发育。根据对矿区控矿条件及矿化富集规律的研究，今后该矿区找矿靶区为：小柳沟铜钨矿区西矿段西部及北部，北矿段及东矿段中的云母闪片岩，灰岩及Ⅰ，Ⅱ级重砂异常分布区，隐伏花岗岩体及地表花岗岩枝与围岩的接触带，石英网脉带脉。 相似文献
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广东尖山铁矿床内发育了一个完整的钙铝榴石—钙铁榴石系列矿物,它们与矿化有着密切的关系,因此,研究石榴石的标型特征对探讨矿床形成条件是很重要的,对找矿也是有意义的。 一、石榴石的产出特征 尖山矿床赋存在尖山花岗岩体与中—上石炭统壶天群和下二叠统栖霞组碳酸盐岩层的接触带中。从花岗岩体向碳酸盐岩层形成了如下蚀变分带:绿帘石化花岗岩带→透辉石钾长石石英岩带→石榴石透辉石夕卡岩带→石榴石夕卡岩带→钙铁辉石夕卡岩带→大理岩带。钨钼矿化迭加在透辉石钾长石石英岩带中,铁矿化迭加在石榴石夕卡岩和钙铁辉石夕卡岩带中。 相似文献
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西藏甲马铜多金属矿床夕卡岩的喷流成因 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18
夕卡岩为西藏甲马铜多金属矿床的主要容矿岩石 ,具有独特的喷流沉积和喷流交代成因。研究表明该夕卡岩的主要特征为 :(1)呈层状、似层状赋存于碳酸盐岩和细碎屑岩接触带 ,产状与地层一致 ;(2 )被后期脉岩穿切 ,成因上与岩浆岩无关 ;(3)喷流交代夕卡岩具交代残余结构和假角砾状构造 ,而喷流沉积夕卡岩具微粒状结构、雏晶结构和层纹、条纹、条带状构造 ,反映了二者不同的喷流成因 ;(4)发育典型的低温夕卡岩矿物组合 ,其形成温度小于30 0℃ ;(5 )夕卡岩的稀土配分型式与围岩的一致。甲马铜多金属矿床的夕卡岩是同生断裂系统、海底热流体 +深部烃碱流体与碳酸盐岩 +细碎屑岩耦合的产物 ,其成岩和成矿作用密不可分。 相似文献
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从地质产状、矿物组合和岩石化学成分等方面探讨了个旧塘子凹接触带不同类型夕卡岩的特征。该夕卡岩带从内侧到外侧常具有辉石夕卡岩带和石榴子石夕卡岩带交替出现的现象，其岩石化学成分也相应地发生韵律变化，表现为在辉石夕卡岩带中SiO2和MgO含量较高，而在石榴子石夕卡岩带中CaO、TFe和Al2O3含量较高。认为夕卡岩带中的韵律变化一方面与被交代围岩中存在灰质白云岩和大理岩的互层带有关，另一方面与岩浆期后热液的渗滤交代作用有关。围岩中的灰质白云岩层被交代后形成辉石带，大理岩层被交代后形成石榴子石带。 相似文献
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我国个旧锡矿是闻名中外最大的锡矿床之一,矿床中除含锡外,还伴生铜、钴、锌、钨、铋、铍及稀有元素。矿化主要产于燕山期花岗岩接触带及其附近的三叠纪碳酸盐围岩中的交代岩。本文着重讨论含锡花岗岩接触带交代岩的类型。矿物组合、分带性、岩石化学特征及其与矿化的关系,把各类含矿交代建造作为一个有成团联系的统一体——交代系列来考虑。 相似文献
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S. M. Aleksandrov 《Geochemistry International》2010,48(12):1220-1236
The boron, tin, tungsten, beryllium, and fluorite deposits of the York Range, Seward Peninsula, represent the continuation
of the Asian segment of the Pacific ore belt and are globally conjugate with the Verkhoyan-Chukotka ore province of Northeastern
Russia. They are localized in the alteration aureoles of dolomites and limestones of the Paleozoic Port Clarence Formation
at the contact with the Mesozoic leucocratic granites and genetically belong to the magnesian-skan ore formation. Ore-generating
process developed in marbles, skarns, and greisens under hypabyssal conditions in several stages and was accompanied by sequential
formation of polymineral assemblages. Early mineralization is represented by magnetite in prograde pyroxene skarns after dolomites.
Postmagmatic ore stage is represented by formation of endogenous borates, including their tin-bearing Mg-Fe species, in the
magnesian skarns, superposition of calcareousskarn assemblages containing calcium borates, borosilicates, and scheelite, formation
of cassiterite and wolrframite in the greisenized granites, and precipitation of sulfides, chrysoberyl, and fluorite. The
mineral composition of the rocks and ores was formed under the influence of F-bearing hydrothermal solutions, which caused
the presence of fluorine in borates, rock-forming silicates, and the replacement of calcite by fluorite. Boron, tin, beryllium,
and fluorine participate at all the stages of endogenous process, but the mineral modes of their occurrence are varied, which
is confirmed by data on their chemical composition. The results of studying the skarns and ores of the Alaska deposits are
of great applied and scientific significance, and can be used for study of skarn-greisen deposits localized at the contacts
of carbonate rocks with granite intrusions of the Pacific ore belt and other world’s regions. 相似文献
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个旧矿床不仅是一个超大型的锡矿床,同时也是大型的铜、铅、锌、钨和银矿床,此外还伴生众多的有色金属和稀有金属矿产。近些年来,除了成矿与燕山期花岗岩成矿有关的认识外,还有海底喷流成矿和玄武岩成矿的新观点。笔者在参与国家"十五"科技攻关课题《大型锡矿山接替资源探查技术与示范》工作中,通过野外调查和矿床地质特征的总结分析,提出了个旧超大型矿床的成矿模式,个旧矿区成矿作用的主要因素是燕山期含矿花岗岩,与碳酸盐建造和富含成矿物质的岩层发生相互作用,在花岗岩体的内外接触带附近,富集形成一系列锡铜多金属矿床,成矿作用围绕含矿花岗岩而进行。个旧矿区成矿花岗岩与碳酸盐建造和富含成矿物质的岩层以及构造的有利配置是控制矿床空间分布的根本原因。 相似文献
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柴西地区南翼山构造上新统混积岩中含有大量盐类矿物,其物源分析对盐矿物质来源研究有一定的参考价值。本文在野外观察和镜下鉴定的基础上,对南翼山构造上新统狮子沟组混积岩的地球化学特征进行了分析,并结合周缘造山带花岗岩的稀土元素数据,探讨了混积岩中陆源碎屑的物质来源。结果显示：南翼山构造狮子沟组混积岩中碎屑矿物、碳酸盐矿物和黏土矿物呈均匀混合的状态,元素含量与矿物组分密切相关,除Ca、Na、Sr元素外,其余元素含量普遍低于上地壳平均含量,其中CaO和Na2O受碳酸盐和石盐形成影响,不能用于判别构造背景,而Sc、Th、Zr、Hf等微量元素和稀土元素较完整地保留了源岩的地球化学信息,可用于源区构造背景的判别及物源示踪,同时稀土元素配分模式一致性较好,表明混积岩中陆源碎屑具有相同的物源特征。稀土元素配分模式、La Th Sc、Th Sc Zr/10、La/Th Hf图解以及Al2O3/TiO2比值共同指示南翼山混积岩的陆源碎屑组分来源于大陆岛弧背景下的长英质火成岩,通过与周缘造山带花岗岩稀土配分模式对比,推断晚志留世和晚二叠世花岗岩是混积岩中陆源碎屑和盐类矿物的主要源岩,南部的祁漫塔格是主要的物源区,且西部的阿尔金南段也有部分物源贡献。 相似文献
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Manuel D. Menzel Carlos J. Garrido Vicente Lpez Snchez‐Vizcaíno Kroly Hidas Claudio Marchesi 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2019,37(5):681-715
At sub‐arc depths, the release of carbon from subducting slab lithologies is mostly controlled by fluid released by devolatilization reactions such as dehydration of antigorite (Atg‐) serpentinite to prograde peridotite. Here we investigate carbonate–silicate rocks hosted in Atg‐serpentinite and prograde chlorite (Chl‐) harzburgite in the Milagrosa and Almirez ultramafic massifs of the palaeo‐subducted Nevado‐Filábride Complex (NFC, Betic Cordillera, S. Spain). These massifs provide a unique opportunity to study the stability of carbonate during subduction metamorphism at P–T conditions before and after the dehydration of Atg‐serpentinite in a warm subduction setting. In the Milagrosa massif, carbonate–silicate rocks occur as lenses of Ti‐clinohumite–diopside–calcite marbles, diopside–dolomite marbles and antigorite–diopside–dolomite rocks hosted in clinopyroxene‐bearing Atg‐serpentinite. In Almirez, carbonate–silicate rocks are hosted in Chl‐harzburgite and show a high‐grade assemblage composed of olivine, Ti‐clinohumite, diopside, chlorite, dolomite, calcite, Cr‐bearing magnetite, pentlandite and rare aragonite inclusions. These NFC carbonate–silicate rocks have variable CaO and CO2 contents at nearly constant Mg/Si ratio and high Ni and Cr contents, indicating that their protoliths were variable mixtures of serpentine and Ca‐carbonate (i.e., ophicarbonates). Thermodynamic modelling shows that the carbonate–silicate rocks attained peak metamorphic conditions similar to those of their host serpentinite (Milagrosa massif; 550–600°C and 1.0–1.4 GPa) and Chl‐harzburgite (Almirez massif; 1.7–1.9 GPa and 680°C). Microstructures, mineral chemistry and phase relations indicate that the hybrid carbonate–silicate bulk rock compositions formed before prograde metamorphism, likely during seawater hydrothermal alteration, and subsequently underwent subduction metamorphism. In the CaO–MgO–SiO2 ternary, these processes resulted in a compositional variability of NFC serpentinite‐hosted carbonate–silicate rocks along the serpentine‐calcite mixing trend, similar to that observed in serpentinite‐hosted carbonate‐rocks in other palaeo‐subducted metamorphic terranes. Thermodynamic modelling using classical models of binary H2O–CO2 fluids shows that the compositional variability along this binary determines the temperature of the main devolatilization reactions, the fluid composition and the mineral assemblages of reaction products during prograde subduction metamorphism. Thermodynamic modelling considering electrolytic fluids reveals that H2O and molecular CO2 are the main fluid species and charged carbon‐bearing species occur only in minor amounts in equilibrium with carbonate–silicate rocks in warm subduction settings. Consequently, accounting for electrolytic fluids at these conditions slightly increases the solubility of carbon in the fluids compared with predictions by classical binary H2O–CO2 fluids, but does not affect the topology of phase relations in serpentinite‐hosted carbonate‐rocks. Phase relations, mineral composition and assemblages of Milagrosa and Almirez (meta)‐serpentinite‐hosted carbonate–silicate rocks are consistent with local equilibrium between an infiltrating fluid and the bulk rock composition and indicate a limited role of infiltration‐driven decarbonation. Our study shows natural evidence for the preservation of carbonates in serpentinite‐hosted carbonate–silicate rocks beyond the Atg‐serpentinite breakdown at sub‐arc depths, demonstrating that carbon can be recycled into the deep mantle. 相似文献
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The composition of minerals of the titanite-malayaite series and their mineral assemblages and genesis were examined at the Bol’shoi Kan’on deposit in Magadan oblast and at other deposits. These minerals were demonstrated to be typomorphic Sn-bearing silicates in postmagmatic bimetasomatic hypabyssal calc skarns and skarnoids in tin-bearing provinces. The series of these minerals with similar crystal structures has a miscibility gap, and the minerals are characterized by notably different Sn concentrations. Moreover, titanite may contain Al, Fe, F, and OH, whose concentrations decrease in the Sn-bearing members of the series (malayaite). These silicates were formed at many deposits after the successive transforms of skarn mineral assemblages. The early assemblages include wollastonite in calcic carbonate rocks and diopside and salite in skarnoids. The latter minerals are replaced first by hedenbergite with subordinate amounts of vesuvianite and garnet first of grossular and then andradite composition. This process was syngenetic with the formation of borosilicates (danburite, axinite, and tourmaline). Ti thereby may be accommodated in grossular and Sn in Fe-bearing silicates, mostly, in andradite. Skarns often contain both titanite and malayaite, which were produced in these rocks earlier than cassiterite. The isomorphic series of these minerals has a miscibility gap. The oreforming processes ended with the crystallization of quartz, fluorite, and rare sulfides, including stannite. The late Sn-bearing minerals at some deposits are stokesite and Mg, Fe, and Ca stannates, which crystallized during malayaite replacement by newly formed calcite-quartz aggregates. The Sn-bearing sulfides are replaced by varlamoffite during supergene processes. 相似文献
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Fluid infiltration and regional metamorphism of the Waits River Formation, north-east Vermont, USA 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abstract The Siluro-Devonian Waits River Formation of north-east Vermont was deformed, intruded by plutons and regionally metamorphosed during the Devonian Acadian Orogeny. Five metamorphic zones were mapped based on the mineralogy of carbonate rocks. From low to high grade, these are: (1) ankerite-albite, (2) ankerite-oligoclase, (3) biotite, (4) amphibole and (5) diopside zones. Pressure was near 4.5kbar and temperature varied from c. 450° C in the ankerite-albite zone to c. 525° C in the diopside zone. Fluid composition for all metamorphic zones was estimated from mineral equilibria. Average calculated χco2[= CO2/(CO2+ H2O)] of fluid in equilibrium with the marls increases with increasing grade from 0.05 in the ankerite-oligoclase zone, to 0.25 in the biotite zone and to 0.44 in the amphibole zone. In the diopside zone, χCO2 decreases to 0.06. Model prograde metamorphic reactions were derived from measured modes, mineral chemistry, and whole-rock chemistry. Prograde reactions involved decarbonation with an evolved volatile mixture of χCO2 > 0.50. The χCO2 of fluid in equilibrium with rocks from all zones, however, was generally <0.40. This difference attests to the infiltration of a reactive H2O-rich fluid during metamorphism. Metamorphosed carbonate rocks from the formation suggests that both heat flow and pervasive infiltration of a reactive H2O-rich fluid drove mineral reactions during metamorphism. Average time-integrated volume fluxes (cm3 fluid/cm2 rock), calculated from the standard equation for coupled fluid flow and reaction in porous media, are (1) ankerite-oligoclase zone: c. 1 × 104; (2) biotite zone: c. 3 × 104; (3) amphibole zone: c. 10 × 104; and diopside zone: c. 60 × 104. The increase in calculated flux with increasing grade is at least in part the result of internal production of volatiles from prograde reactions in pelitic schists and metacarbonate rocks within the Waits River Formation. The mapped pattern of time-integrated fluxes indicates that the Strafford-Willoughby Arch and the numerous igneous intrusions in the field area focused fluid flow during metamorphism. Many rock specimens in the diopside zone experienced extreme alkali depletion and also record low χCO2. Metamorphic fluids in equilibrium with diopside zone rocks may therefore represent a mixture of acid, H2O-rich fluids given off by the crystallizing magmas, and CO2-H2O fluids produced by devolatilization reactions in the host marls. Higher fluxes and different fluid compositions recorded near the plutons suggest that pluton-driven hydrothermal cells were local highs in the larger regional metamorphic hydrothermal system. 相似文献
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发育完整的灰岩风化壳及其矿物学和地球化学特征 总被引：25，自引：5，他引：20
对于碳酸盐岩土覆土壤成因、尽管碳酸盐岩风化残积成土说被多数学者认同,但由于碳酸盐岩中酸不溶物含量极低,在风化成土过程中会伴随着巨大的体积缩小变化,原岩结构和半风化带无法保留,从而缺失了探索上覆土壤物质来源的重要中间环节,使得这种观点缺乏野外宏观证据的支持。最近,我们在贵州、湖南等地发现了数个以泥质灰岩和泥质白云岩为基岩的碳酸盐岩风化壳剖面,尚保留有较好的原岩结构,具有明显的风化壳分带和过渡现象。这些风化壳剖面的发现为深入研究碳酸盐岩风化成土过程提供了良好的研究场所。本文选取了较为典型的吉首泥灰岩风化壳剖面,从矿物学地球化学的角度来探讨碳酸盐岩风化壳的形成过程和发育特征,结果表明该风化壳既遵循非碳酸盐岩（主要是结晶岩类）风化壳的发育特征,也具有自己独特的地球化学演化规律。风化壳总体特点受碳酸盐中的酸不溶物矿物组合及化学成分的影响甚至控制,风化非碳酸盐风壳相似的发育特征。吉首泥灰岩风化壳剖面的发育特征和作者早先提出 的碳酸盐岩风化成土的两阶段模式是一致的,即以碳酸盐矿物大量淋失、酸不溶物逐渐堆积或残积为特征的早期阶段和残积物进一步风化成土的阶段,后一阶段的演化类似非碳酸盐岩类的风化过程。 相似文献