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1.
煌斑岩是富含挥发份的镁铁质至超镁铁质富碱的火成岩,按其化学成分和矿物组合可分为钙碱性煌斑岩、碱性煌斑岩和超基性煌斑岩。煌斑岩传统地被认为是地幔来源,随着人们对这类岩石的认识不断地深入,它越来越具有经济意义。现已肯定,在沸煌岩与超镁铁煌斑 相似文献
2.
云南老王寨金矿区煌斑岩中云母的矿物化学 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
云南老王寨金矿区煌斑岩中呈斑晶和基质产出的云母以金云母为主，少量富镁黑云母，环带结构发育。矿物化学表明本区云母的寄主岩石属碱性岩系列，岩石类型为钙碱性煌斑岩；同时提供了煌斑岩源于交代富集地幔和受地壳物质混染程度低等成因信息。云母多种多样的环带结构暗示其寄主的煌斑岩具复杂的岩浆结晶演化过程。 相似文献
3.
分布于攀西及邻近地区的煌斑岩主要为云辉正煌岩-黑云正煌岩、白榴橄榄云辉岩、透辉云煌岩,常量元素特征表明岩石属于碱性系列、钾质钙碱性煌斑岩;过渡元素分配模式为幔源岩石的"W"型、不相容元素分配模式为大离子亲石元素和高场强元素富集的"驼峰"型、稀土元素分配模式为"右倾"的轻稀土富集型,表明该区煌斑岩为交代富集地幔部分熔融的产物.Ta-Nb-Ti负异常分配模式说明源区煌斑岩具有的交代富集地幔可能和板块俯冲有关.源区大地构造环境为活动大陆边缘的陆缘岛弧或陆缘火山弧区. 相似文献
4.
新疆磁海铁矿区镁铁-超镁铁岩地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
磁海铁矿床地处塔里木盆地北缘北山成矿带内, 为一与镁铁-超镁铁岩有关的岩浆分异-矿浆贯入-热液交代型复成因铁矿床。对磁海矿区镁铁-超镁铁岩的岩石学特征和岩石地球化学特征等进行了较为系统的研究, 认为这套镁铁-超镁铁岩石属于铁质钙碱性玄武岩系列。稀土及微量元素特征与原始地幔成分接近,表明岩浆上升侵位过程中局部遭受陆壳混染。结合前人的研究成果, 认为该矿床形成于后碰撞拉张构造环境。原始岩浆的结晶分异和后期热液蚀变对磁海铁矿形成和富集起重要作用。 相似文献
5.
前人对金沙江-红河构造带上的煌斑岩研究工作主要集中在南段哀牢山地区.对构造带中段鲁甸地区新发现的煌斑岩脉进行了锆石U-Pb年代学和全岩地球化学研究.结果表明,煌斑岩形成时代为始新世末期,与滇西新生代富碱斑岩高峰期一致.鲁甸煌斑岩具有高钾、富碱、高Mg#,富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）和轻稀土元素（LREE）,亏损高场强元素（HFSE,尤其是Ta-Nb-Ti）的特征.其岩浆源区为受俯冲流体和熔体交代的岩石圈地幔,源区组分为含金云母的尖晶石相方辉橄榄岩.结合同期的镁铁质火山岩和富碱斑岩研究成果,滇西区域的岩石圈地幔富集过程可能为元古宙时期与罗迪尼亚超大陆聚合相关的俯冲作用.始新世时期,在印度和亚洲大陆碰撞过程中,金沙江-红河构造带的富集岩石圈地幔发生拆沉或对流减薄,软流圈物质上涌,引发富集的岩石圈地幔部分熔融,形成本期煌斑岩岩浆作用. 相似文献
6.
东昆仑造山带中灶火地区镁铁质岩墙群以闪长玢岩为主,含少量闪斜煌斑岩、辉绿玢岩及辉绿岩,LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学指示该套岩墙群结晶侵位年龄为(249±1)Ma。稀土元素含量整体较高,富集轻稀土元素(∑REE=99.9×10-6~173.9×10-6,(La/Yb)N=3.5~9.3);微量元素表现出富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE)的特征;源区分析表明,镁铁质岩浆为俯冲洋壳析出的流体交代富集地幔的结果,且在岩石成因中部分熔融起到主导作用,地壳混染和分离结晶作用对岩浆成分分异起到的作用有限。构造环境分析表明,岩石的形成与俯冲作用有关,结合区域构造演化认为镁铁质岩墙群的成因为:早三叠世,在古特提斯洋向北俯冲的环境下,俯冲板片释放的流体交代富集地幔,诱发地幔部分熔融形成镁铁质岩浆,受弧后伸展的动力学背景影响,岩浆最终上升侵位形成镁铁质岩墙群。 相似文献
7.
大陆弧安山岩的形成是大洋板片向大陆边缘之下俯冲的结果,但是在具体形成机制上存在很大争议.针对这个问题,对长江中下游地区中生代安山质火山岩及其伴生的玄武质和英安质火山岩进行了系统的岩石地球化学研究,结果对大陆弧安山质火成岩的成因提出了新的机制.分析表明,这些岩石形成于早白垩世,它们不仅表现出典型的岛弧型微量元素分布特征,而且具有高度富集的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素和高的放射成因Pb以及高的氧同位素组成.通过全岩和矿物地球化学成分变化检查发现,地壳混染和岩浆混合作用对其成分的富集特征贡献有限,而其岩浆源区含有丰富的俯冲地壳衍生物质才是其成分富集的根本原因.虽然这些火山岩的喷发年龄为中生代,但是其岩浆源区形成于新元古代早期的华夏洋壳俯冲对扬子克拉通边缘之下地幔楔的交代作用.大陆弧安山岩地幔源区中含有大量俯冲洋壳沉积物部分熔融产生的含水熔体,显著区别于大洋弧玄武岩的地幔源区,其中只含有少量俯冲洋壳来源的富水溶液和含水熔体.正是这些含水熔体交代上覆地幔楔橄榄岩,形成了不同程度富集的超镁铁质-镁铁质地幔源区.在早白垩纪时期,古太平洋俯冲过程的远弧后拉张导致中国东部岩石圈发生部分熔融,其中超镁铁质地幔源区熔融形成玄武质火山岩,镁铁质地幔源区则熔融形成安山质火山岩.因此,大陆弧安山岩成因与大洋弧玄武岩一样,可分为源区形成和源区熔融两个阶段,其中第一阶段对应于俯冲带壳幔相互作用. 相似文献
8.
9.
湘中锡矿山中生代煌斑岩及其成因研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
湘中锡矿山锑矿是世界上最大的锑矿床,被誉为"世界锑都",矿区东部出露的煌斑岩是该区唯一的岩浆活动。本次利用岩石学、矿物学和地球化学方法,对该煌斑岩的岩相学及主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素进行了系统研究,并探讨了其源区属性、形成机制、形成的构造环境以及煌斑岩与成矿的关系。研究表明,该区煌斑岩为典型的钙碱性煌斑岩,其岩石地球化学表现出富Ti O_2、贫Al_2O_3和Mg O,富集LILE和LREE,亏损HFSE,高(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i、低ε_(Nd)(t)值的特征,与EM2型富集地幔相似。在锡矿山煌斑岩形成过程中,地壳混染作用十分有限。岩浆上升至地表的过程中经历了橄榄石+斜长石的结晶分异作用。锡矿山煌斑岩形成过程为:在石榴石稳定场条件下含金云母相的二辉橄榄岩地幔发生部分熔融,形成初始源区,洋壳沉积物通过俯冲作用形成的流体交代初始源区,岩浆快速上升至地表形成煌斑岩。锡矿山煌斑岩与该区锑矿没有成因联系。 相似文献
10.
埃达克质岩的构造背景与岩石组合 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
本文介绍了埃达克质岩形成的构造背景与岩石组合。埃达克质岩可以形成于不同的构造背景并与不同类型的岩石同时出现：1）火山弧环境中常出现埃达克质岩一高镁安山岩-富Nb玄武质岩组合,它的形成可能与板片熔融以及熔体一地幔橄榄岩的相互作用有关;2）大陆活动碰撞造山带环境（如羌塘）中埃达克质岩常与同期钾质或橄榄玄粗质岩共生,这可能与俯冲陆壳熔融和俯冲陆壳熔体交代的地幔橄榄岩熔融有关;3）造山带伸展垮塌环境（如大别山）中埃达克质岩会伴随有镁铁质一超镁铁质岩浆出露,增厚下地壳产生埃达克质岩浆后的榴辉岩质残留体拆沉进入地幔,与地幔橄榄岩的混合可能形成后期镁铁质一超镁铁质岩浆的源区;4）大陆板内伸展环境中埃达克质岩常与同期橄榄玄粗质的岩石共生,增厚、拆沉下地壳,以及富集地幔的熔融或岩浆混合在岩石的成因中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
11.
In the vicinity of Konya （Turkey）,mafic,micro-porphyritic sub-volcanic rocks intrude into the Mesozoic units,which represents the only example of such a rock type in the region.40Ar/39Ar dating of two whole rock samples from the sub-volcanics gave ages of 13.72±0.13 and 12.40±0.11 Ma,suggesting temporal association to the Late Miocene-Pliocene high-K calc-alkaline volcanism in the region.The mineral chemistry and geochemical data permit us to classify the rocks as ＂minette＂ lamprophyres.They include diopside and phlogopite phenocrysts in a microcrystalline groundmass composed of sanidine,phlogopite,diopside and titano-magnetite.Segregation and ocelli-like globular structures occur commonly in the samples.In terms of major elements,the lamprophyres are calcalkaline,and potassic to ultrapotassic rocks.All the lamprophyres display strong enrichments in LILE （Rb,Ba,K,Sr）,radiogenic elements （Th,U） and LREE （La,Ce） and prominent negative Nb,Ta,and Ti anomalies on primordial mantle-normalized trace element diagrams.Geochemical data suggest that the lamprophyres and high-K calc-alkaline rocks in the region derived from a subduction-modified lithospheric mantle source affected by different metasomatic events.Lamprophyric magmatism sourced phlogopite-bearing veins generated by sediment-related metasomatism via subduction,but high-K calc-alkaline magmas are possibly derived from a mantle source affected by fluid-rich metasomatism. 相似文献
12.
Early Paleozoic magmatism of the Tannuola terrane located in the northern Central Asian Orogenic Belt is important to understanding the transition from subduction to post-collision settings. In this study, we report in situ zircon U-Pb ages, whole rock geochemistry, and Sr-Nd isotopic data from the mafic and granitic rocks of the eastern Tannuola terrane to better characterize their petrogenesis and to investigate changing of the tectonic setting and geodynamic evolution. Zircon U-Pb ages reveal three magmatic episodes for about 60 Ma from ∼510 to ∼450 Ma, that can be divided into the late Cambrian (∼510–490 Ma), the Early Ordovician (∼480–470 Ma) and the Middle-Late Ordovician (∼460–450 Ma) stages. The late Cambrian episode emplaced the mafic, intermediate and granitic rocks with volcanic arc affinity. The late Cambrian mafic rocks of the Tannuola terrane may originate from melting of mantle source that contain asthenosphere and subarc enriched mantle metasomatized by melts derived from sinking oceanic slab. Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate the late Cambrian intermediate-granitic rocks are most consistent with an origin from a mixed source including fractionation of mantle-derived magmas and crustal-derived components. The Early Ordovician episode reveal bimodal intrusions containing mafic rocks and adakite-like granitic rocks implying the transition from a thinner to a thicker lower crust. The Early Ordovician mafic rocks are formed as a result of high degree melting of mantle source including dominantly depleted mantle and subordinate mantle metasomatized by fluid components while coeval granitic rocks were derived from partial melting of the high Sr/Y mafic rocks. The latest Middle-Late Ordovician magmatic episode emplaced high-K calc-alkaline ferroan granitic rocks that were formed through the partial melting the juvenile Neoproterozoic sources.These three episodes of magmatism identified in the eastern Tannuola terrane are interpreted as reflecting the transition from subduction to post-collision settings during the early Paleozoic. The emplacement of voluminous magmatic rocks was induced by several stages of asthenospheric upwelling in various geodynamic settings. The late Cambrian episode of magmatism was triggered by the slab break-off while subsequent Early Ordovician episode followed the switch to a collisional setting with thickening of the lower crust and the intrusion of mantle-induced bimodal magmatism. During the post-collisional stage, the large-scale lithospheric delamination provides the magma generation for the Middle-Late Ordovician granitic rocks. 相似文献
13.
在岩相学和岩石地球化学研究的基础上,结合对主要造岩矿物辉石、长石和霞石的电子探针研究,揭示山西临县紫金山岩体成因。研究表明,紫金山岩体为一套富钾碱性-过碱性岩石。根据各期岩石中矿物组合,可将紫金山杂岩体7期岩石分为两种岩石系列：经典碱性岩浆系列和非经典碱性岩浆系列。经典碱性岩浆系列中均出现似长石(霞石或白榴石)和钾长石,而不出现斜长石,除第三期霓霞钛辉岩外均含霓辉石(钠质辉石);非经典碱性岩浆系列岩石中均出现透辉石(钙质辉石),而不出现似长石,部分期次岩石中出现斜长石。结合两个岩浆系列中全岩Sr-Nd同位素数据及区域地质资料,推测紫金山岩体成因为：吕梁地区中生代软流圈地幔的上涌及扰动促使来自软流圈、岩石圈地幔和下地壳物质部分熔融产生的岩浆发生多次不同比例的混合,所形成的各期混合岩浆分批上侵依次定位在地壳浅部环境形成7期岩石。因各期岩浆源区中所含壳源物质比例不同,故它们可分为具有不同矿物组合的两个岩石系列。 相似文献
14.
Piero Comin-Chiaramonti Celso B. Gomes Angelo De Min Excelso Ruberti Vicente A. V. Girardi Francesca Slejko Renato D. Neder Francisco E. C. Pinho 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2014,6(4):565-587
The Planalto da Serra igneous rocks form plugs, necks and dykes of carbonate-rich ultramafic lamprophyres (aillikites and glimmerites with kamafugitic affinity) and carbonatites (alvikites and beforsites). Phlogopite and/or tetraphlogopite, diopside and melanitic garnet are restricted to aillikitic rock-types, whereas pyroclore occurs only in carbonatites. Aillikites and carbonatites are altered to hydrotermalites, having chlorite and serpentine as dominant minerals. Planalto da Serra igneous rock association has kamafugitic affinity (i.e. effusive, ultrapotassic. High LREE/HREE fractionation, incompatible elements data and Sr-Nd isotopes, suggest that the K-ultramafic alkaline and carbonatite rocks originated from a variably metasomatized mantle source enriched in radiogenic Sr. Crustal contamination is negligible or absent. Age values of 600 Ma rule out the geochronological relationship between the investigated intrusions and the Mesozoic alkaline bodies from the Azimuth 125° lineament. The TDM model ages allow to conclude that Planalto da Serra magma is derived from the partial melting of a mantle source metasomatised by K-rich carbonatated melt during the Early to Late Neoproterozoic. On the basis of alkaline magmatism repetitions at 600 Ma and 90–80 Ma we question the subsistence of a stationary mantle plume for so long time. 相似文献
15.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2016,7(6)
The alkali-basalt and basaltic trachy-andesites volcanic rocks of south Marzanabad were erupted during Cretaceous in central Alborz, which is regarded as the northern part of the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. Based on petrography and geochemistry, en route fractional crystallization of ascending magma was an important process in the evolution of the volcanic rocks. Geochemical characteristics imply that the south Marzanabad alkaline basaltic magma was originated from the asthenospheric mantle source,whereas the high ratios of(La/Yb)Nand(Dy/Yb)Nare related to the low degree of partial melting from the garnet bearing mantle source. Enrichment pattern of Nb and depletion of Rb, K and Y, are similar to the OIB pattern and intraplate alkaline magmatic rocks. The K/Nb and Zr/Nb ratios of volcanic rocks range from 62 to 588 and from 4.27 to 9 respectively, that are some higher in more evolved samples which may reflect minor crustal contamination. The isotopic ratios of Sr and Nd respectively vary from 0.70370 to0.704387 and from 0.51266 to 0.51281 that suggest the depleted mantle as a magma source. The development of south Marzanabad volcanic rocks could be related to the presence of extensional phase,upwelling and decompressional melting of asthenospheric mantle in the rift basin which made the alkaline magmatism in Cretaceous, in northern central Alborz of Iran. 相似文献
16.
河北涞源、阜平一带煌斑岩的地球化学特征表明其来源于地幔,非花岗岩演化成因,有的脉保持原生岩浆的特点,有的脉发生了一定程度的分离结晶,分离结晶对轻稀土影响较大,而对重稀土影响较小,分离结晶作用还导致了Cr,Ni,Sr的逐渐贫化,Ba和Co等元素的逐渐富集。 相似文献
17.
九瑞矿集区隶属于长江中下游铜-铁-金成矿带,该矿集区内主要发育有武山、城门山、洋鸡山、丁家山等大中型铜金多金属矿床。区内的南港成矿远景预测区位于横立山-黄桥向斜的南翼,地质条件与该向斜北翼的武山铜矿基本一致。本文以南港地区发现的煌斑岩为研究对象,对其中的辉石进行了详细的岩相学和电子探针成分分析工作,来探讨煌斑岩的演化过程及岩石成因。测试结果显示,南港煌斑岩中的辉石,具有高Ca、高Mg,低Ti,贫Al、贫Fe的特点。斑晶中的辉石属于透辉石和普通辉石,基质中的辉石则属于普通辉石。辉石斑晶的viAl和Na2O含量很低,指示其形成压力较小。由早到晚从斑晶到基质,辉石向着富铁富钙的方向演化。辉石发育有反环带及韵律环带,显示在岩浆房中可能受到过岩浆混合作用的影响。辉石的矿物化学特征指示南港煌斑岩属碱性岩石系列。 相似文献
18.
“煌斑岩”与金矿的实际观察与理论评述 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16
新的分析资料和研究表明,Ｒｏｃｋ等人提出的煌斑岩中温热液金矿成因模式在理论上和实际上都存在明显的问题,根据金和铂族元素,铜等元素的地球化学相关性,可以鉴别出绝大多数金异常高的煌斑岩类岩石受到次生蚀变和金富集作用。一些钾玄岩类岩石与中温热液金矿时空上的密切共生,是由于两者形成的构造环境相同,扩大“煌斑岩”这个术语的运用及其所包含的岩石类型,容易造成岩石学分类的混乱,并给岩石学和经济地质学研究带来困扰 相似文献
19.
东昆仑祁漫塔格早中生代大陆地壳增生过程中的岩浆活动与成矿作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东昆仑祁漫塔格地区位于青藏高原北缘,为典型的大陆边缘增生造山带,经历了漫长的古生代—早中生代增生造山过程,其中以早中生代岩浆活动与成矿作用最为发育。文章系统总结了区内早中生代侵入岩分布及成因,对与其相关矿床地质、成矿流体特征及成矿物质来源进行分析,进一步探讨了祁漫塔格地区早中生代大陆地壳增生过程中的壳幔混合岩浆活动与成矿作用的关联。研究结果认为,中二叠世—早三叠世以俯冲阶段的侧向增生为主,中-晚三叠世以碰撞-后碰撞阶段的垂向增生为主,与成矿有关的岩浆岩主要为中-晚三叠世石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩、花岗斑岩等,以I型、A型花岗岩为主,且多见暗色包体,Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成表明其源于古陆壳物质的重熔,有地幔物质的参与,由地幔底侵古老陆壳,幔源基性岩浆与壳源花岗质岩浆发生不同程度混合作用而形成。与该时期岩浆活动关系密切的主要为斑岩型铜钼矿床、矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床、层控矽卡岩型铅锌矿床、与碱性花岗岩有关稀有金属矿化等。成矿时代集中于248~210 Ma,成矿流体主要来源于岩浆热液,成矿物质具有壳幔混合来源,区内中-晚三叠世大陆垂向增生过程中的壳-幔岩浆混合作用为区域大规模金属成矿提供大量热能、成矿流体及成矿物质。 相似文献
20.
The carbonate fraction in carbonatitic Italian lamprophyres 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Alkaline and ultramafic lamprophyres represent the majority of pre-Pleistocene alkaline mafic magmatic activity in Italy and have been described from several localities. The age of magmatism ranges from Triassic to Lower Oligocene. Some contain appreciable amounts of carbonate. The primary carbonate of the Italian carbonatitic lamprophyres is mainly Sr- or Mn-rich calcite that occurs mostly as immiscible ocelli or as groundmass. Its textural occurrence, composition, and relationship with co-precipitating silicate phases is taken as evidence of an igneous origin. Low BaO and REE contents in the carbonate are explained by early crystallization of essential mica and subordinate apatite. Whole rock analyses and isotopic data (Rukhlov, A.S., Bell, K., Vichi, G., Stoppa, F., submitted for publication. The heterogeneous deep mantle: the Sr, Pb and Nd isotopic evidence from Early Cretaceous alkaline lamprophyres of Southern Tuscany, Italy. Lithos.) suggest a mantle origin for these rocks and rule out contamination in either high or low pressure regimes. The bulk compositions of the carbonatitic lamprophyres have high HFSE / LILE and LREE / HREE ratios and although the abundances of these elements are generally lower than for carbonatites s.s., they are comparable with the abundances in other ‘carbonate-free’ Italian lamprophyres and Italian carbonatites, suggesting similar mantle sources. Moreover, the age of the Italian lamprophyres, ranging from Middle Triassic to Lower Oligocene, is much greater than the Pleistocene age of Italian carbonatites and indicates that the source remained similar over a long time span. 相似文献