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1.
鲁中南地区古近系朱家沟组是一套具“磨拉石建造”特征的沉积地层,岩性以灰质角砾岩为主,受断裂构造影响,其富水性差异明显。在区域水文地质调查的基础之上,利用柴汶河下游古近系朱家沟组地层调查点与钻孔资料,分析其含水层特征、地下水水化学特征及富水性。结果表明:古近系朱家沟组含水层岩性为钙质胶结灰质砾岩,在90 m以浅裂隙岩溶发育,单井涌水量100~300 m3/d,局部>300 m3/d;裂隙水与汶口盆地南侧岩溶水化学特征相似,表明两者水力联系密切;Gibbs图显示区域地下水呈现岩石风化型,趋向蒸发浓缩型;地下水离子成分主要源于岩盐溶解,并受到人类污染活动影响。依据钻孔资料分析区内地下水富集模式为断裂型灰质砾岩岩溶裂隙蓄水构造模式,认为碎屑岩断裂发育段可作为应急找水靶区。  相似文献   

2.
通过岩心、测井、地下水常规离子组分及氢氧同位素样品测试对分布在莱芜盆地西北缘古近系半固结含水岩组物性、水化学特征及地下水补给循环特征进行研究; 结合古新世以来盆地沉积演化史及含水层成岩阶段划分, 分析半固结含水层地下水富集模式。结果表明, 埋深100 m以下的古近系砂砾岩含水层, 长期处在早成岩A期, 呈弱固结-半固结状态, 兼具裂隙与孔隙含水层特性, 且以孔隙为主。与碳酸盐岩含水层水化学特征相似, 水化学类型为HCO3-Ca?Mg型, 现代大气降水作为地下水主要补给来源, 蒸发浓缩作用, 碳酸盐岩、石膏及盐岩溶解参与了地下水化学组分形成。在莱芜盆地北部边界断裂处, 部分断裂所夹断块可作为古近系含水岩组应急找水靶区。  相似文献   

3.
以大汶口盆地南北两侧分布的朱家沟组灰质砾岩为研究对象,通过钻探施工岩心编录、野外井点调查、可控源音频大地电磁法、抽水试验等技术方法研究盆地南北两侧灰质砾岩溶蚀发育特征及富水性,以施工水文地质钻孔为例,系统总结出盆地南北两侧灰质砾岩的富水规律。结果表明:朱家沟组含水层单井涌水量为720~2 027 m3?d-1;受沉积环境和构造发育影响,盆地北部和南部朱家沟组含水层在岩石结构、物性、溶蚀发育特征、地下水补给来源、富水性等方面存在明显差异。此灰质砾岩富水规律在鲁中南山区具有普遍性和适用性。   相似文献   

4.
朱家沟组集中分布在鲁中南坳陷盆地边缘地带,为一套陆源碎屑沉积的灰质砾岩。以汶口盆地、新汶盆地朱家沟组为研究对象,通过1∶50000水文地质调查、水文地质钻探、地球物理勘探、抽水试验、水质分析等技术方法,分析其水文地质特征。研究结果表明:朱家沟组裂隙岩溶形态以溶蚀裂隙、溶孔、溶洞为主,主要发育在150 m以浅;富水性受断裂控制明显,裂隙岩溶发育段单井涌水量可超过300 m3/d,具有显著实际供水意义;朱家沟组富水模式为断裂型灰质砾岩裂隙岩溶蓄水构造模式,以断裂构造为主控因素,该模式在鲁中南地区具有普遍性和适用性,对于寻找新的供水目标含水层及找水定井工作具有指导意义。  相似文献   

5.
东刘家金矿矿区位于海阳市郭城镇,主要发育3组NE向断裂裂隙,含水岩组主要为第四系冲洪积、坡积孔隙含水岩组,碎屑岩类孔隙裂隙含水岩组,碳酸盐岩类岩溶裂隙含水岩组及基岩风化带裂隙含水岩组。文中在查清水文地质条件的情况下,详细分析了矿区含水层的富水性,地下水补给、径流、排泄及动态特征,矿区地下水开发利用现状。在此基础上,进行了地下水均衡计算,地下水补给来源主要为大气降水入渗和农灌入渗补给,补给方式为地表直接下渗补给、断裂带导水补给以及上覆松散层下渗补给,主要排泄方式为人工开采、矿坑涌水和蒸发,总体上矿区处于地下水均衡状态。研究成果为矿区在今后的开采过程中控制地下水,合理防治与排水,维持区域地下水自然动态等提供了科学的依据。。  相似文献   

6.
卢放  罗旋  胡文广  于蕾 《中国岩溶》2022,41(6):986-997
为揭示太行山北段岩溶裂隙水富水性分布规律,采用电阻率、极化率、半衰时和偏离度分析不同含水层介质结构、不同含水岩组和不同地下水系统岩溶裂隙水与电性参数的关系,探讨研究区岩溶裂隙水富水性的影响因素及其电性响应特征。结果表明:含水层介质结构按照溶蚀孔洞型→断层型→褶皱型→岩体阻水型的排列顺序,半衰时值分布范围依次降低,而偏离度值分布范围依次升高;四种电性参数对奥陶系含水岩组、蓟县系含水岩组具有较强的分辨能力;极化率、半衰时和偏离度难以识别拒马河、界河-唐河以及瀑河-漕河三种岩溶裂隙地下水系统类型;奥陶系含水岩组的富水性优于蓟县系含水岩组;就含水层介质结构而言,溶蚀孔洞型富水性最佳,断层型和褶皱型次之,岩体阻水型富水性最差。   相似文献   

7.
云应盆地东北部属鄂北贫水地区,赋存于古近系—第四系含水层中的地下水是当地生产、生活用水的主要来源,亟需查明含水层的结构、含水层间地下水的转化关系等基本条件,为研究区内合理开发利用地下水提供依据。本研究通过野外水文地质调查、水文地质钻探工作,将研究区划分为单层含水层与双层含水层结构两个亚区(6个小区)。并通过地下水水位动态长期监测,获取了区内不同含水层的水位动态变化特征,分析各含水层之间的水力联系,建立了区域地下水转化的概念模式,即:研究区地下水以接受山前降雨入渗及风化裂隙水侧向径流补给为主,主要以水平径流的形式经古近系孔隙-裂隙含水层及第四系孔隙承压含水层往澴水方向运移,而后进入第四系孔隙潜水含水层。地下水和地表水在不同季节补排模式不同,雨季地表水(澴水)补给地下水,旱季地下水向地表水(澴水)排泄。古近系孔隙-裂隙水与上覆第四系孔隙水联系密切互为补给,共同构成具有统一水力联系的垂向多层结构的含水系统。独特的含水层结构决定了区内地下水接受降水补给的条件较差,地下水可开采资源量总体较贫乏,建议重点利用区域地表水资源,适度开发地下水资源,推进农业节水灌溉工程,实现水资源可持续利用。  相似文献   

8.
河西走廊深层地下水的赋存和开发   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
丁宏伟  张举 《西北地质》2009,42(3):109-119
根据已有研究成果和勘探资料,将河西走廊深层地下水划分为早古生界、石炭系-二叠系、三叠系-侏罗系、白垩系-古近系、新近系-第四系下更新统5个层状含水岩组,分别论述了不同含水层的地质构造、岩性、厚度、分布规律、埋藏特征、富水性、地热及水文地球化学特征.重点研究了新近系-第四系下更新统含水层的地质结构和水文地质条件,自南而北将该含水层划分为山麓褶皱带、中央向斜带、单斜带三个贮水构造带.认为深层地下水的补给来源为上游祁连山区水文切割网基准面以下的基岩裂隙水,在地形和重力作用下,通过区域深大水资源循环系统,将山区地下水输送至盆地深部,但由于水循环深度达几千米甚至几十千米,径流十分缓慢,深部地下水的补给年龄可能大于1000a,并在白垩系、古近系和新近系中形成地热,取水温度一般可达60~70℃,预计单井出水量500~800 m3/d.  相似文献   

9.
正前人研究结果认为,鲁中山区新生代沉积盆地古近系为一套碎屑岩孔隙裂隙含水层,单井涌水量小于100 m~3/d,长期作为弱富水含水层出现,不具有供水意义(康凤新等,2010)。2016年以来,中国地质调查局启动的沂蒙山革命老区1:5万水文地质调查项目,在大汶河流域中上游鲁中山区实施古近系钻孔8眼,涌水量达10800 m~3/d,直接解困人口1.1万。其中在莱芜盆地西北缘实  相似文献   

10.
嵩县北部基岩山区位于熊耳山脉东段南部,地下水与地表水分布不均,为研究基岩山区地下水特征和补径排关系,指导缺水山区地下水找水工作,通过现场调查、地下水采样,测定不同水体中的水化学成分及环境同位素,分析其变化特征,判明地下水的补给来源及各含水层的相互联系。水化学和环境同位素研究结果表明,大气降水是研究区地下水的主要补给来源,人工开采是其主要的排泄方式;研究区基岩地下水化学特征较复杂,松散岩类孔隙水、浅(深)层半固结层裂隙孔隙水地下水以Ca~(2+)和HCO_3~–为主,属HCO_3-Ca型水;松散岩类孔隙水、浅层半固结层裂隙孔隙水含水层之间的水力联系较为密切,基岩裂隙水通过发育的导水构造断裂与现代水连接,均具有较好的开发利用价值,而深层半固结层裂隙孔隙水参与水循环的能力较弱,开采应持慎重态度。该研究成果为缺水山区地下水的合理开采利用提供了科学依据和数据支持。  相似文献   

11.
The groundwater extracted from the unconfined Quaternary aquifer is the main source of water supply in El-Tur area. The area is bounded from the east by the elevated basement complex of Southern Sinai and from the west by El-Qabaliyat Ridge. The wadis dissecting these highlands form effective watersheds of the Quaternary aquifer. These wadis form areas of focused recharge. Recharge also occurs directly via the Quaternary sediments covering El-Qaa Plain. Subsurface lateral groundwater flow from the fractured basement contributes significant recharge to the aquifer as well. The aquifer sediment facies affect the type and quality of groundwater. In the eastern part where the aquifer is composed mainly of gravel and coarse sand with fragments of weathered basement, the Na-Cl-SO4 water dominates. In the west where the facies change is rapid and complex, many water types arise. The base exchange index (BEX) is positive in this part reflecting the role of clay minerals in changing the water types via cation exchange. In the east where clays are insignificant in the aquifer, the BEX is negative. In the western part next to El-Qabaliyat Ridge, the wells discharging from the calcareous sand zone have low groundwater salinities compared to the wells discharging from the alluvium. In general, the groundwater salinity increases in the direction of groundwater flow from the northeast to the southwest which reflects the dissolution of aquifer sediments. The concentration relationships between the major ions on one hand and chloride on the other reflect the dissolution of calcium carbonates, precipitation of K- and Mg-bearing minerals, and cation exchange of Ca for Na on clay minerals. The hydrochemical models support these reactions. In addition, they show that the effect of evaporation on the recharge water in the western catchment is about four times its effect on the eastern recharge water which reflects the rapid recharge through the wadis draining the fractured basement. Moreover, the contribution from the eastern catchment in sample No. 23 is more than four-folds the contribution from the western recharge area. The stable isotopes (2H and 18O) show that the Quaternary aquifer is recharging from recent rainfall. However, upward leakage of Paleogene groundwater (depleted in 18O) also occurs. The groundwater level map shows strong overpumping impact especially in the areas close to El-Tur city.  相似文献   

12.
Identification of hydrogeologic controls on groundwater flowpaths, recharge, and salinization is often critical to the management of limited arid groundwater resources. One approach to identifying these mechanisms is a combined analysis of hydrogeologic and hydrochemical data to develop a comprehensive conceptual model of a groundwater basin. To demonstrate this technique, water samples were collected from 33 discrete vertical zone test holes in the Hueco Bolson aquifer, located within the Trans-Pecos Texas region and the primary water resource for El Paso, Texas, USA and Juárez, Mexico. These samples were analyzed for a suite of geochemical tracers and the data evaluated in light of basin hydrogeology. On the basis of δ2H and δ18O data, two regional recharge sources were recognized, one originating from western mountain-fronts and one from through-flow of the adjacent Tularosa aquifer. Chloride concentrations were strongly correlated with lithologic formations and both Cl/Br and 36Cl ratios suggested the primary chloride source is halite dissolution within a specific lithologic unit. In contrast, sulfur isotopes indicated that most sulfate originates from Tularosa basin Permian gypsum sources. These results yielded a more comprehensive conceptual model of the basin, which suggested that chloride salinization of wells is the result of upconing of waters from the Fort Hancock formation.  相似文献   

13.
松藻矿区是我国煤层气资源富集区之一。为揭示松藻矿区地下水对煤层气富集影响,利用煤田勘查获取的水文地质资料,基于含水层结构、水化学特征、抽水资料的系统分析,阐明了含煤地层上覆和下伏含水层地下水的空间展布特征,建立了地下水的分布模式,探讨了地下水动力场对煤层气富集的影响。研究表明:松藻矿区含水层和隔水层相互叠置,随着埋深的增加含水性减弱;含煤岩系与上覆、下伏含水层缺乏水力联系,为相互独立的含水系统;上覆长兴组和下伏茅口组地下水动力场呈南高北低展布;地下水动力场有近河流岩溶裂隙渗入型、断层沟通岩溶裂隙补给型、稳定承压弱含水型三种类型,以稳定承压弱含水型为主;含煤岩系的极弱含水性及其与上覆、下伏含水地层缺乏水力联系构成了区内水文地质控气基础,是研究区煤层含气性高的重要控制因素。   相似文献   

14.
The Ordos Basin of China encompasses Shaanxi, Gansu, and Shanxi provinces, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia autonomous regions. It lacks significant surface water resources. Among the water-bearing formations, the Luohe formation, with an area of 1.32×105 km2, is the most prospective aquifer. Groundwater quality data collected at 211 boreholes drilled into the Luhe formation indicate a complex distribution of groundwater chemistry. The hydrochemical properties were used to study the recharge, runoff, and discharge conditions of the groundwater in Ordos Basin and to evaluate sustainable groundwater resources. In the northern part of the basin, the hydrochemistry types and the total dissolved solids (TDS) show a clear lateral transition from SEE to NWW, indicating that the groundwater gets recharge in the northwest region and discharges in the southeast region. In the southern part of the basin, maximum TDS occurs at the center of the Malian River valley, from which the TDS decreases radially. Therefore, the groundwater in the southern basin gets recharge from the southeast and southwest regions, and the Malian River valley is the discharge zone. As a result of this research, the areas with portable groundwater were delineated. They include most of the southeast region of the Sishili Ridge, east of the Ziwu Mountain, and the southwest corner of the basin. The TDS of the groundwater in these regions is less than 1 g/l, and the hydrochemistry type is either HCO3 or HCO3·SO4.  相似文献   

15.
针对煤矿水文地质勘探过程中存在的水文地球化学异常问题,以蒙陕矿区侏罗系含水层为研究对象,开展了水化学异常原因分析和判别标准构建,结果表明:勘探过程中以"水清沙净"为判别洗井完成的依据不充分,水泥浆残留是造成pH升高、矿化度降低等水化学异常的主要因素,因此结合蒙陕矿区深埋型煤田水文补堪和工作面探放水等工作成果,建立了由pH、矿化度(TDS)、HCO3-、SO42-等水质指标组成的"五要素"判别标准,对巴拉素井田水文补堪过程中采集的36组水样进行判别,可以迅速判断出存在水化学异常的8组水样。剔除水化学特征异常的水样点后,可以很清晰地建立巴拉素井田各含水层的水化学特征,第四系水化学特征与地表水比较接近,表现为低矿化度、弱碱性、重碳酸钙型水;白垩系洛河组含水层与第四系水力联系密切,但埋深有所增加,导致一定量Na+离子溶入,水化学特征演化为重碳酸钙钠型;安定组为区域性较稳定隔水层,导致直罗组和延安组含水层以侧向补给为主,地下水循环交替时间较长,形成了深部滞留特征的高矿化度(>2 500 mg/L)硫酸钠型地下水。   相似文献   

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