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碱尘暴期间松嫩平原西部碱尘气溶胶的主要元素质量浓度排序为Na、Al、Fe、Ca、Mg、K、Ti、Ba、Zn,与当地盐碱化土壤的元素组成吻合,而与沙尘、城市气溶胶的元素组成有差别。风力对碱尘气溶胶元素组成有明显的影响,当风速在8.0~17.1 m/s时,元素组成的质量浓度排序为Na、Ca、Al、Fe、Mg、K、Ba、Ti、Zn。Na元素质量浓度的激增是碱尘暴元素组分的一大特征,明显富集元素为Na和B;相对于当地背景大气气溶胶的富集情况,Zn、Cu、Ba、B的富集因子值在碱尘暴期间明显降低;在各种天气情况下,B、Cu均具有较高的富集因子。碱尘中Ti元素的富集因子值均小于1,而Ca、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Sr、V的富集因子值为1~4。两个采样点的Ca、Na、Al、Fe、Mg、Ti、Zn的富集因子近似,表明该区碱尘的主要元素具有特定的一致性;而B、Ba、Cu、V的富集因子相差较大,可以作为区分不同碱尘源的标志性元素。 相似文献
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对南沙海域西南海区101个站位表层沉积物中的元素含量及分布特征分析表明：①元素含量的分布规律是Al、Fe、Mg、Ti、P、K、Na及Cu、Co、Ni、Pb、Zn、Ba、Zr含量从陆架到陆坡直到深海明显递增；Ca、Sr含量由陆架到陆坡递增，由陆坡向深海锐减；Si含量在陆坡低，在陆架和深海高。②沉积物中元素的分布和含量变化与沉积物类型有密切关系。粗粒沉积物中Si、Sr含量较高，细粒沉积物则相对富集Al、Fe、Mg、Ti、P、K、Na及Cu、Co、Ni、Pb、Zn、Ba、Zr等元素，并且随沉积物变细，其含量亦增加，在粘土中含量最高。③SiO2与其余常量组分均呈负相关，且随水深的增加，含量逐渐减少。Al、Fe与大多数常、微量元素(Si、Ca、Sr除外)呈正相关，Ca、Sr与大多数元素呈负相关，而它们本身呈强正相关。Co、Ni、Zn、Ba、Zr与Cu呈正相关，表现为亲铜性。④本区元素的分布主要受沉积物类型、物质来源、水深和生物生产力的影响。 相似文献
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东太平洋海盆沉积物间隙水地球化学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了东太平洋海盆沉积物间隙水中元素的变化趋势及组合特征。结果表明，经过成岩改造的间隙水化学组成相对于海水发生了较大的变化。其中K、Sr、B趋于亏损，Ca、Mg、Li则表现出亏损和富集两种不同的变化趋势：Si、Ba、Rb富集，Mn、Fe、Zn、Pb、Cu、Ni、Co则高度富集。R型聚类分析结果表明，间隙水中金属元素可分成K、Sr、Mg、Li、Ca和Mn、Fe、Rb、Co，Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb两组。影响间隙水元素组成变化的主要因素有火山物质的海解作用，硅质生物组分和岩成碎屑组分的成岩作用及有机物的分解作用等。 相似文献
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西宁盆地黄土区草本和灌木组合根系分布特征及其增强土体抗剪强度效应 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了研究草本和灌木组合种植条件下根系的护坡力学效应，本试验以种植于西宁盆地自建试验区生长期为1 a的6种草本和灌木组合作为试验供试种，在草本和灌木组合根-土复合体原状试样直剪试验基础上，评价了6种组合根系分布特征及其对边坡土体抗剪强度的增强效应。试验结果表明:试验区6种草本和灌木组合根系主要分布在边坡地表以下0~30 cm深度范围内，含根量随着取样深度增加呈线性函数或指数函数降低趋势；6种组合草本与灌木根系质量比随着土体深度增加，呈先降低后增大的变化趋势，且两者间符合二次函数关系；6种草本和灌木组合根-土复合体黏聚力在边坡地表以下0~30 cm深度范围内，较素土黏聚力增幅为2.47% ~70.96%，说明草本和灌木组合根系能够起到增强边坡土体黏聚力的作用，其中组合5(紫花苜蓿+垂穗披碱草+碱茅+草地早熟禾+柠条锦鸡儿)对边坡土体黏聚力的增强作用相对较为显著。上述试验成果对于西宁盆地及其周边地区生态恢复和植被护坡工程实施具有一定的实际指导意义和理论研究价值。 相似文献
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ICP—AES测定白钨矿中的十五种元素 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
样品用HCl分解,并沉淀分离除去W,除W后残渣碱熔,合并液用ICPQ-1000型光量计同时测定Mg、Ca、V、Cr、Mo、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Si、Al、Pb、Sr、Ba和P 15种元素,各组份测定的RSD<10％。同时,本文还讨论了测定中元素间的干扰效应。 相似文献
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海岸沙丘表面现代风成沙地球化学元素分异的典型研究--以河北昌黎黄金海岸横向沙脊为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在我国海岸沙丘主要分布地区河北昌黎黄金海岸选取代表性的海岸横向沙脊为研究对象,对其典型断面上沙丘表面不同部位的21种地球化学元素的含量进行了比较分析。结果表明,Co、Zr和Mg三种元素在海岸沙脊表面不同部位的含量差异明显且与海滩沙相比含量差异较大,Cr、Pb、Ti、Nb、As、Mn、Zn和Ba等8种元素的含量差异程度中等,但Y、Ca、Fe、Na、Al、Sr、P、K、Rb和Si等10种元素的差异并不明显,而11种差异程度中等以上元素在海岸横向沙脊迎风坡脚、迎风坡、脊顶、背风坡、背风坡脚等部位的含量变化特征并不一致,呈现出不同的分异模式,其主要原因是受沉积环境、化学元素性质、粒度特征及营力的影响等。 相似文献
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太平洋北部铁锰结核富集区沉积物的元素地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本文对太平洋北部铁锰结核富集区沉积物的元素地球化学作了较为详细的研究。因子分析提供的信息表明,元素的分布主要受三个因子控制:（1）粘土及Fe、Mn氧化物水化物胶体的吸附作用;（2）生物化学作用过程有关的自生沉积作用;（3）海底页岩风化及附近海区的火山喷发作用。元素的来源:（1）Fe、Mn、Cu、Co、Ni、Zn、Cr、Cr、Mg、Al、Ti、K共生,主要来自粘土吸附;（2）C有机、N、Sr、Na及Si、Ca、Sr主要来自生物化学过程沉积;（3）Pb主要来源于岩石碎屑（火山喷发碎屑）。 相似文献
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沉积物的元素地球化学特征是对沉积盆地水体环境以及古气候条件变化的响应。本文根据元素（Al、Fe、Mg、Ca、K、Na、P、V、Ni、Co、Cr、Cu、Zn、Sr、Ba、Cd、Li、Mn、Pb、Ti）的含量及其比值（Al/Ti、Fe/Mn、Sr/Ba、Mg/Ca、Sr/Ca、Na/Ca、V/Cr、Ni/Co、Ni/V）的变化，对三水盆地古近系心组红岗段生油层的沉积条件进行了系统分析。心组红岗段下部（亚段A）表现为较稳定的地球化学特征。各元素丰度及其比值指示这一时期陆源输入持续较高、且物源组成变化不大。由于海水入侵的影响，湖盆水体盐度相对较高，底部水体以弱氧化条件为主，O2-H2S界面位于水/沉积物界面附近。红岗段中上部（亚段B、C）的元素地球化学特征变化较为频繁且幅度很大，反映古气候和湖盆沉积条件的迅速变迁。在潮湿气候条件下，沉积物的地球化学特征表现为以Al、Ti为代表的外源元素含量及其比值较高，而Mg、Ca等盆内化学沉积元素含量较低。古氧气指标指示底部水体为还原环境，有利于有机质保存。因而，相应于较高的有机碳含量。在间歇性干旱时期，陆源输入减少，外源元素含量及其比值显著降低。随着蒸发作用的加强，水体盐度加大，内源元素丰度以及Mg/Ca、Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca和Na/Ca比值大幅度上升。底部水体为氧化环境，O2-H2S界面多位于水/沉积物界面或沉积物中。上述两种气候条件在红岗段中上部沉积时期交替出现。红岗段沉积后期由于淡水的长期输入，湖水出现逐渐淡化趋势。 相似文献
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利用中国癌死亡率与土壤坏境中化学元素的相关性成果，研究了四川省癌死亡率与土壤环境中化学元素：As、Cd、Co、Cu、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Se、V、Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、B、Al、Ga、In、Tl、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Th、U、Sn、Ti、Zr、Hf、Sb、Bi、Ta、Te、Mo、W、Br、I、Fe等52个元素含量的关系 相似文献
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Sediment samples at 10 locations in the mainstem of the Yellow River were taken in 1994. Five forms (exchangeable, carbonate, organic, Fe/Mn oxide and residual) of metals were extracted by the Tessier method. The total contents and contents of the five forms of 16 metal elements (Li, Na, K, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Al) were determined by ICP-AES. In sediments of the Yellow River, except for Na, mobile elements (such as K, Ca) do not show a negative correlation with the immobile elements. Alkaline metals (Li, Na, and K), Ti, and Al exist mainly in the residual form. The exchangeable forms of alkaline-earth elements (Ca, Sr, and Ba) are the highest, and their residual forms go up with the increase of the period in the periodic table of elements. Half of Mn exists in the residual form, and its non-residual forms exist mainly in carbonate and oxide forms. Except Mn, the iron group elements (Fe, Co, Ni, V, Cr) mainly exist in the residual and oxide forms. High carbonate content of Ca does not cause high contents of other elements in carbonate form, showing that chemical weathering is not strong in the area. 相似文献
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S. F. Tyutikov S. D. Khushvakhtova V. N. Danilova V. V. Ermakov 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(5):488-493
Ecological–biogeochemical monitoring of a linden avenue on Kosygin Street, Moscow, has revealed that soils at sites regarded as contaminated contain elevated Mn, Fe, Sr, and Se concentrations and lower Zn contents. Linden leaves at the assumed contaminated sites typically contain higher Cu and Fe concentrations and not as much higher Zn, As, and Cr concentrations but much lower Mn and Sr concentrations. Water leachates of soils at sites regarded as background have slightly lower pH and lower Ca, Mg, K, and Na concentrations and total mineralization. Test for phytochelatins in the leaves proved to be rather ineffective, as also were estimates of the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf laminas. The greatest differences were detected in the degree of leaf pathology and the contents of pigments. 相似文献
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Rohana Chandrajith Nadeesha Koralegedara K. B. Ranawana H. J. Tobschall C. B. Dissanayake 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(1):17-28
Forest die back has been observed from 1980s in the montane moist forest of Horton Plains in the Central Sri Lanka for which
the aetiology appears to be uncertain. The concentration levels of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb in canopy leaves,
bark and roots, which were collected from dying and healthy plants of three different endemic species, Calophyllum walkeri, Syzygium rotundifolium and Cinnamomum ovalifolium, from three different die back sites were studied. Soils underlying the plants were also analyzed for their extractable trace
metals and total contents of major oxides. Analysis of dead and healthy plants does not show any remarkable differences in
the concentrations of studied trace elements. The results show that there is a low status of pollution based on the concentrations
of chemical elements of environmental concern. Extractable and total trace element analysis indicates a low content of Ca
in soils due to high soil acidity that probably leads to Mg and Al toxicity to certain plants. Relatively high Al levels in
the soil would affect the root system and hamper the uptake and transport of essential cations to the plant. It therefore
seems that the forest declining appears to be a natural phenomenon, which occurs due to the imbalance of macro and micronutrients
in the natural forest due to excessive weathering and the continuous leaching of essential elements. 相似文献
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东营凹陷古近系中深层湖盆演化中的无机元素响应 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为查明无机元素分布与水深、盐度等沉积环境以及湖盆演化过程的关系,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪分析对东营凹陷郝科1科探井古近系深层微量元素含量进行了测试、分析,所涉及的研究层位是该凹陷的主要烃源岩层段（沙河街组三亚段、沙河街组四亚段、孔店组）,分析结果表明:在水体浅、蒸发作用强烈的孔店组—沙四下亚段强氧化性滨浅湖环境里,钙、锶含量和Ca/Mg、Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca参数值具低值响应,铁、铝、钡、钒含量和（Fe+Al）/(Ca+Mg)参数值具高值响应;在沙四中亚段膏岩、盐岩等普遍发育的盐湖环境中,钠、锶含量和Sr/Ba、Fe/Mn、Sr/Ca均出现高值响应,锰、钡、钒含量和V/Ni、(Fe+Al)/(Ca+Mg)出现低值响应;在还原性的沙四上亚段半咸化深湖环境中,钾、钠、铁含量和Fe/Mn值具低值响应,钙、锰含量具高值响应;在沙四中亚段膏盐与泥岩共生体系中元素分布离散性明显,呈现波动性特征;Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca在盐湖环境中出现显著的高值响应,被证实可以作为良好的水体盐度指标参数,Fe/Mn、(Fe+Al)/(Ca+Mg)随水体加深逐渐增大,是良好的水体深浅指标参数。元素分布受沉积环境、岩性特征等多种地质因素的影响,在利用元素含量分布及特征元素比值来判断某单个地质因素的变化时,应该应用多种参数,进行综合判断。 相似文献
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Major and trace elemental compositions of loess samples collected from the Jingyuan section in the northwestern Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) were analyzed to investigate the potential impacts of grain size sorting and chemical weathering on the loess geochemistry and to extract appropriate geochemical indices for better evaluating the East Asian monsoon variability. Based on variations of major and trace elements in different grain size fractions, seventeen elements were classified into three types: (1) Si and Na display higher contents with the increased particle sizes; (2) Al, Fe, Mg, K, Mn, Zn, Rb, Cr, V are mainly enriched in fine size fractions; (3) Ti, Ba, Zr, P, Ca and Sr show irregular variations among different size fractions. Comparison of Al-normalized elemental ratios with Zr/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios (two commonly employed indicators for grain size sorting and pedogenic weathering) indicates that Si/Al, Zr/Al, Ti/Al variations match well with Zr/Rb and grain size results, whilst Ca/Al, Sr/Al, P/Al ratios display similar variability as that of Rb/Sr ratio. Comparison of loess based proxies (e.g., elemental ratios, magnetic susceptibility, grain size) of Jingyuan section with speleothem and ice-core records confirms that elemental ratios of high-resolution loess sequences developed in the northwestern CLP can be employed to address fluctuations of the winter monsoon-induced grain size sorting and summer monsoon-related weathering and pedogenesis at glacial–interglacial and millennial timescales. 相似文献
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Chemistry of Aerosols over Chukchi Sea and Bering Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The contents of elements in aerosols sampled during the First Chinese Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-1) show great differences from one element to another. Na, K,Ca, Mg, A1, F, and Cl are the major components in the aerosols, whose contents are larger than 30 ng/m^3. The chemical elements whose contents vary between 0.1 - 30 ng/m^3 are Br,Sr, Cr, Ni, and Zn. The chemical elements whose contents are close to or slightly higher than 0.1 ng/m^3 are Rb, Ba, Zr, Th, and Pb. The contents of As, Sb, W, Mo, Au, La, Ce, Nd,Sin, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Sc, Co, Hf, Ta, and Cd are less than 0.1 ng/m^3. The mass concentration data for the same element, as observed during CHINARE-1, are almost accordant, but much lower than what is observed in the China‘ s seas or the coasts of China. The enrichment factor and electron microscopic analyses and lead isotope tracing were used to distinguish their sources.Four groups of sources can be classified as follows: anthropogenic: As, Sb, W, F, Mo, Au,Cu, Pb, Cd, V; crustal: La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Fe, Sc, Cr, Co, Ba, Zr, Hf,Ta, Cs, Mn, Th, U; oceanic:Na, K, Ca, and Mg; and mixing: Rb, Sr, Ca, and Mg. 相似文献