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1.
The marine magnetic data acquired from offshore Krishna-Godavari (K-G) basin, eastern continental margin of India (ECMI), brought out a prominent NE-SW trending feature, which could be explained by a buried structural high formed by volcanic activity. The magnetic anomaly feature is also associated with a distinct negative gravity anomaly similar to the one associated with 85°E Ridge. The gravity low could be attributed to a flexure at the Moho boundary, which could in turn be filled with the volcanic material. Inversion of the magnetic and gravity anomalies was also carried out to establish the similarity of anomalies of the two geological features (structural high on the margin and the 85°E Ridge) and their interpretations. In both cases, the magnetic anomalies were caused dominantly by the magnetization contrast between the volcanic material and the surrounding oceanic crust, whereas the low gravity anomalies are by the flexures of the order of 3–4 km at Moho boundary beneath them. The analysis suggests that both structural high present in offshore Krishna-Godavari basin and the 85°E Ridge have been emplaced on relatively older oceanic crust by a common volcanic process, but at discrete times, and that several of the gravity lows in the Bay of Bengal can be attributed to flexures on the Moho, each created due to the load of volcanic material.  相似文献   

2.
The nature and origin of the subsurface 85°E Ridge in the Bay of Bengal has remained enigmatic till date despite several theories proposed by earlier researchers. We reinterpreted the recently acquired high quality multichannel seismic reflection data over the northern segment of the ridge that traverses through the Mahanadi offshore, Eastern Continental Margin of India and mapped the ridge boundary and its northward continuity. The ridge is characterized by complex topography, multilayer composition, intrusive bodies and discrete nature of underlying crust. The ridge is associated with large amplitude negative magnetic and gravity anomalies. The negative gravity response across the ridge is probably due to emplacement of relatively low density material as well as ∼2–3 km flexure of the Moho. The observed broad shelf margin basin gravity anomaly in the northern Mahanadi offshore is due to the amalgamation of the 85°E Ridge material with that of continental and oceanic crust. The negative magnetic anomaly signature over the ridge indicates its evolution in the southern hemisphere when the Earth’s magnetic field was normally polarized. The presence of ∼5 s TWT thick sediments over the acoustic basement west of the ridge indicates that the underlying crust is relatively old, Early Cretaceous age.The present study indicates that the probable palaeo-location of Elan Bank is not between the Krishna–Godavari and Mahanadi offshores, but north of Mahanadi. Further, the study suggests that the northern segment of the 85°E Ridge may have emplaced along a pseudo fault during the Mid Cretaceous due to Kerguelen mantle plume activity. The shallow basement east of the ridge may have formed due to the later movement of the microcontinents Elan Bank and Southern Kerguelen Plateau along with the Antarctica plate.  相似文献   

3.
Gravity data were integrated with seismic refraction/reflection data, well data and geological investigations to determine a general crustal structure of Tunisia. The gravity data analysis included the construction of a complete Bouguer gravity anomaly map, residual gravity anomaly maps, horizontal gravity gradient maps and a 2.5-D gravity model. Residual gravity anomaly maps illustrate crustal anomalies associated with various structural domains within Tunisia including the Sahel Block, Saharian Flexure, Erg Oriental Basin, Algerian Anticlinorium, Gafsa Trough, Tunisian Trough, Kasserine Platform and the Tell Mountains. Gravity anomalies associated with these features are interpreted to be caused either by thickening or thinning of Palæozoic and younger sediments or by crustal thinning. Analysis of the residual gravity anomaly and horizontal gravity gradient maps also determined a number of anomalies that may be associated with previously unknown structures. A north-south trending gravity model in general indicated similar subsurface bodies as a coincident seismic model. However, thinner Mesozoic sediments within the Tunisian Trough, thinner Palæozoic sediments in the Gafsa Trough, and a greater offset on the Saharian Flexure were required by the gravity data. Additionally, basement uplifts under the Kasserine Platform and Gafsa Trough, not imaged by seismic data, were required by the gravity data. The gravity model revealed two previously unknown basins north and south of the Algerian Anticlinorium (5 km), while the Erg Oriental Basin is composed of at least two sub-basins, each with a depth of 5 km.  相似文献   

4.
Satellite free air gravity anomalies over the Indian ocean region 79°E–86°E, 2°S–8°S were obtained from the website http://topex.ucsd.edu and a contour map was compiled. Five profiles of the anomaly have been interpreted in terms of two-dimensional structures in the ocean. Thickness of sediments lying on the oceanic crust determined from the interpretation of gravity profiles were used to compile an isopach map of the region 79°E–86°E, 2°S–8°S. This map in combination with one of the isopach maps compiled by previous workers, provides information regarding the thickness of sediments up to 6° S. According to this map sediment thickness varies from ～600 m over the middle part of the region to ～800 m further south, indicating that thinning of sediments in the middle part of the region is only localized. Information provided by this gravity study may be useful in planning detailed seismological studies to delimit the outer edge of the continental margin of Sri Lanka, defined according to the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).  相似文献   

5.
Based on the MAGSAT magnetic anomaly fields over Europe and the adjacent areas spherical cap models have been derived. The method of spherical cap harmonic analysis, due to Haines (1985), has been applied for the modelling of the MAGSAT magnetic anomalies. The data set used in the analysis included the 1 ° × 1 ° gridded values of the MAGSAT anomaly fields between latitudes ϑ = 6 ° to 60 °N and longitudes λ = 19 °W to 70 °E. The pole of the cap is at ϑ = 33 °N and λ = 26 °E and its half-angle is 40 ° . The maximum index (Km) of the model is 18 and the total number of model coefficients is 361. A minimum wavelength corresponding to this index at the Earth's surface is ~ 1000 km. The RMS deviations between the calculated and observed values are ~ 4 nT for δX, ~ 3 nT for ΔY and 3,5 nT for ΔZ respectively. The spherical cap harmonic model was used for the construction of magnetic anomaly maps for all components and at different altitudes.  相似文献   

6.
The study area encompasses the Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) and the adjoining deep water areas of Bay of Bengal. The region has evolved through multiple phases of tectonic activity and fed by abundant supply of sediments brought by prominent river systems of the Indian shield. Detailed analysis of total field magnetic and satellite-derived gravity data along with multi channel seismic reflection sections is carried out to decipher major tectonic features, basement structure, and the results have been interpreted in terms of basin configuration and play types for different deep water basins along the ECMI. Interpretation of various image enhanced gravity and magnetic anomaly maps suggest that in general, the ENE–WSW trending faults dominate the structural configuration at the margin. These maps also exhibit a clear density transition from the region of attenuated continental crust/proto oceanic crust to oceanic crust based on which the Continent Ocean Boundary (COB) has been demarcated along the margin. Basement depths estimated from magnetic data indicate that the values range from 1 to 12 km below sea level and deepen towards the Bengal Fan in the north and reveal horst–graben features related to rifting. A comparison of basement depths derived from seismic data indicates that in general, the basement trends and depths are comparable in Cauvery and Krishna–Godavari basins, whereas, in the Mahanadi basin, basement structure over the 85°E ridge is clearly revealed in seismic data. Further, eight multichannel seismic sections across different basins of the margin presented here reveal fault pattern, rift geometries and depositional trends related to canyon fills and channel–levee systems and provide a basic framework for future petroleum in this under explored frontier.  相似文献   

7.
Gravity data were analysed in the Northern Tunisian Atlas (case study of Oued Zarga area) to better understand the organization of its underlying structures. The gravity data analysis included the construction of a gravity anomaly maps and two and a half dimensional gravity model. The qualitative analysis of gravimetric maps served for the foundation of a new structural map of the study region that constitutes a new contribution of the gravimetry in this present work. In addition, the complete Bouguer and residual gravity anomaly maps indicate a negative gravity anomaly over the Triassic evaporitic outcrops of Jebel Guerouaou and prominent NE?CSW-trending features associated with the boundary of the Triassic rocks and surrounded layers. A NW?CSE-trending gravity model that crosses the Triassic evaporitic outcrop at Jebel Guerouaou can be explained by a deep-rooted salt diapir.  相似文献   

8.
An integrated interpretation of multi-channel seismic reflection, gravity and magnetic datasets belonging to northern most part of the 85°E Ridge in the Mahanadi offshore is carried out to study the crustal structure and mode of its emplacement. The basement structure map of the ridge reveals that it is 130–150 km wide and is composed of an eastern high which appears as a continuous, broad and smooth topographyand the western high characterized by several steep isolated highs. The seismic velocities reported for the first time over the ridge indicate several sedimentary sequences ranging in velocities between 1.6 and 4.0 km/s above the acoustic basement top. The salient aspects of the sedimentary velocities are; a low velocity layer (2.6–3.2 km/s) within the Cretaceous sequence in the intervening depressions encompassing the flank region, and a regionally widespread higher velocity layer (3.5–3.8 km/s) belonging to the Eocene–Oligocene section overlying the ridge. A layer having a velocity of 4.2–4.7 km/s probably made of volcanoclastic rocks is observed immediately below the acoustic basement. The sediment isopach maps presented here for three major horizons are used to compute the 3-D sediment gravity effect to obtain a crustal Bouguer anomaly map of the region. Detailed analysis of the gravity and magnetic anomaly maps clearly demonstrates the continuity of ridge up to the Mahanadi coast at Chilka Lake. Seismically constrained gravity and magnetic models indicate that the ridge is composed of volcanic material that was emplaced on continental crust in the shelf-slope areas and over the oceanic crust in the deep offshore areas. The modeled crustal structure below the ridge further indicates volcanic emplacement of the ridge on a relatively younger lithosphere. We propose two alternative models for the emplacement of the ridge.  相似文献   

9.
The Jiza' basin is located in the eastern part of Yemen, trending generally in the E–W direction. It is filled with Middle Jurassic to recent sediments, which increase in thickness approximately from 3,000 m to more than 9,000 m. In this study, block-35 of this sedimentary basin is selected to detect the major subsurface geological and structural features characterizing this basin and controlling its hydrocarbon potentials. To achieve these goals, the available detailed gravity and magnetic data, scale 1:100,000, were intensively subjected to different kinds of processing and interpretation steps. Also, the available seismic reflection sections and deep wells data were used to confirm the interpretation. The results indicated three average depth levels; 12.5, 2.4, and 0.65 km for the deep, intermediate, and shallow gravity sources and 5.1 and 0.65 km for the deep and shallow magnetic sources. Accordingly, the residual and regional anomaly maps were constructed. These maps revealed a number of high and low structures (horsts and grabens and half grabens), ranging in depth from 0.5 km to less than 4.5 km and trending mainly in the ENE, NW, and NE directions. However, the analytical signal for both gravity and magnetic data also showed locations, dimensions, and approximate depths of the shallow and near surface anomaly sources. The interpretation of the gravity and magnetic anomalies in the area indicated that the NW, NNW, ENE, and NE trends characterize the shallow to deep gravity anomaly sources; however, the NE, NW, and NNE trends characterize the magnetic anomaly sources, mainly the basement. Two-dimensional geologic models were also constructed for three long gravity anomaly profiles that confirmed and tied with the available deep wells data and previously interpreted seismic sections. These models show the basement surface and the overlying sedimentary section as well as the associated faults.  相似文献   

10.
The Cauvery–Palar basin is a major peri-cratonic rift basin located along the Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) that had formed during the rift-drift events associated with the breakup of eastern Gondwanaland (mainly India–Sri Lanka–East Antarctica). In the present study, we carry out an integrated analysis of the potential field data across the basin to understand the crustal structure and the associated rift tectonics. The composite-magnetic anomaly map of the basin clearly shows the onshore-to-offshore structural continuity, and presence of several high-low trends related to either intrusive rocks or the faults. The Curie depth estimated from the spectral analysis of offshore magnetic anomaly data gave rise to 23 km in the offshore Cauvery–Palar basin. The 2D gravity and magnetic crustal models indicate several crustal blocks separated by major structures or faults, and the rift-related volcanic intrusive rocks that characterize the basin. The crustal models further reveal that the crust below southeast Indian shield margin is ～36 km thick and thins down to as much as 13–16 km in the Ocean Continent Transition (OCT) region and increases to around 19–21 km towards deep oceanic areas of the basin. The faulted Moho geometry with maximum stretching in the Cauvery basin indicates shearing or low angle rifting at the time of breakup between India–Sri Lanka and the East Antarctica. However, the additional stretching observed in the Cauvery basin region could be ascribed to the subsequent rifting of Sri Lanka from India. The abnormal thinning of crust at the OCT is interpreted as the probable zone of emplaced Proto-Oceanic Crust (POC) rocks during the breakup. The derived crustal structure along with other geophysical data further reiterates sheared nature of the southern part of the ECMI.  相似文献   

11.
The 85°E Ridge extends from the Mahanadi Basin, off northeastern margin of India to the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount in the Central Indian Basin. The ridge is associated with two contrasting gravity anomalies: negative anomaly over the north part (up to 5°N latitude), where the ridge structure is buried under thick Bengal Fan sediments and positive anomaly over the south part, where the structure is intermittently exposed above the seafloor. Ship-borne gravity and seismic reflection data are modelled using process oriented method and this suggest that the 85°E Ridge was emplaced on approximately 10–15 km thick elastic plate (Te) and in an off-ridge tectonic setting. We simulated gravity anomalies for different crust-sediment structural configurations of the ridge that were existing at three geological ages, such as Late Cretaceous, Early Miocene and Present. The study shows that the gravity anomaly of the ridge in the north has changed through time from its inception to present. During the Late Cretaceous the ridge was associated with a significant positive anomaly with a compensation generated by a broad flexure of the Moho boundary. By Early Miocene the ridge was approximately covered by the post-collision sediments and led to alteration of the initial gravity anomaly to a small positive anomaly. At present, the ridge is buried by approximately 3 km thick Bengal Fan sediments on its crestal region and about 8 km thick pre- and post-collision sediments on the flanks. This geological setting had changed physical properties of the sediments and led to alter the minor positive gravity anomaly of Early Miocene to the distinct negative gravity anomaly.  相似文献   

12.
Using the data collected during the International Indian Ocean Expedition, maps showing the distribution of depth, acceleration potential, salinity and oxyty were prepared for the northeast monsoon for the four potential thermosteric anomaly surfaces: 160, 120, 80 and 60 cl/t. Zonal components of current along 84°E were computed from the geopotential dynamic heights. From such an analysis, it became clear that low-salinity water from the Pacific intrudes into the western Indian Ocean through the Banda and Timor seas in the upper layers above 100 cl/t surface, while the North Indian Ocean Water penetrates towards the Eastern Archipelago below 100 cl/t surface. The South Equatorial Countercurrent and the Tropical Countercurrent are well depicted on the vertical section of zonal components as well as on the distribution of acceleration potential.  相似文献   

13.
The potential field data are considered the main supporting factor in the geophysical exploration process for detecting and evaluating the subsurface structures. Therefore, a detailed land magnetic survey was performed in an area subjected to seismic investigations. The main target of this study was to detect the deeper subsurface structures and to investigate their possible relationships with earthquake activity.The RTP aeromagnetic map was used to detect the regional extension of the structures interpreted from the land magnetic survey. The RTP land and aeromagnetic maps were interpreted by the filtering technique, least-squares separations, tectonic trend analysis, spectral analysis, Werner method, Euler method, and 2D techniques. The results show that the main tectonic trends are 35° N–45° W, 45° N–65° E, E–W, and Aqaba.Moreover, two seismic lines, WQ85-31B and 127, were interpreted, and their location was matched with the deduced tectonic map. The results show great matching between the location of the faults deduced from both the geomagnetic and seismic data. They agree completely with the well logging data.Furthermore, these structures are correlated with the earthquake activities recorded by the Egyptian National Seismological Network (ENSN). The correlation implies that the studied area is more stable than other adjacent areas in the northern parts of Egypt close to the Mediterranean Sea and the Nile River Delta.  相似文献   

14.
郑慧  郭永丰 《福建地质》1996,15(2):99-106
根据石牛山、石柱山实测火山构造的重力、航磁、物性、地质，地貌等特征，应用灰色系统理论中灰关联分析方法推测石牛山－石柱山晚白垩世火山构造洼地东部局部重力低异常由火山构造引起。  相似文献   

15.
重力场多尺度刻痕分析与满加尔坳陷深层构造   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
区域高精度重力场测量可以获得关于沉积盆地深部构造的丰富信息。本文在分析满加尔坳陷内部深层构造探测存在问题的基础上,开展了重力测量,并采用重力异常的小波多尺度分析和刻痕分析等新方法,研究了满加尔坳陷内部深层构造,揭示了坳陷内早古生代地层的密度分带。应用小波多尺度分析方法可以把只与深层构造有关的地质信息提取出来。运用新的人工智能原理把隐含在区域重力场中有关刻痕的所有特征参数提取出来,可以客观地为沉积盆地内部构造单元划分提供可靠依据。结合区域重力场多尺度分析及刻痕分析的信息提取新方法,称为多尺度刻痕分析。比较研究区深层(7~8km)密度扰动与电阻率异常可见,满加尔坳陷内沿纬度40°线北侧和经度85°线同时都有低密度扰动和低电阻率异常分布,说明坳陷内深层沉积岩低密度扰动与流体活动通道有一定关系。综合脊形化系数图和边界刻痕系数图,圈定了深层满中高密度扰动带和满南和满北低密度扰动带,为深层油气勘探提供重要基础资料。  相似文献   

16.
基于EIGEN-6C2重力场模型反演青藏高原地壳结构   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文
郭东美  鲍李峰  许厚泽 《地球科学》2015,40(10):1643-1652
重力数据是地下场源产生的重力场的叠加, 包含了地下从浅部到深部的丰富信息.高阶卫星资料的丰富为青藏高原深部构造研究提供了重要资料.基于EIGEN-6C2模型作为原始数据, 首先对青藏高原布格重力异常和均衡重力异常分别作1~5阶尺度分解, 得到不同尺度重力异常的分布特性, 探讨不同空间尺度反映的地壳构造意义.其次, 基于径向对数功率谱估计平均深度方法理论, 进一步研究1~5阶细节反映的场源深度.再次, 利用Canny算子的多尺度边缘检测识别和分析重力异常中表现不明显的断裂, 定位断裂在地表的位置, 识别青藏高原内部断块边界, 完成活动块体和次级块体的划分.最后, 对布格重力异常进行沉积层及岩石圈改正, 采用Parker-Oldenbarg三维位场反演法反演青藏高原莫霍界面起伏.   相似文献   

17.
Detailed gravity data integrated with geological data and mining well data are analysed to constrain the shape of the Triassic evaporitic body at Jebel El Mourra (northern Tunisian Atlas) and the mechanism of its emplacement at the surface. The gravity data analysis included the construction of a gravity anomaly maps, and synthetic and forward 2.5D gravity models. The complete Bouguer and residual gravity anomaly maps indicate a positive amplitude gravity anomaly over the Triassic evaporitic outcrops and prominent NE–SW‐trending features associated with the boundary of the Triassic rocks and surrounded layers. A NW–SE‐trending gravity model that crosses the Triassic evaporitic outcrop at Jebel El Mourra shows that the positive gravity anomaly can be explained by a deep‐rooted salt diapir. Conventional models of salt dome formation suggest that they produce negative gravity anomalies; however, this study shows that this model is not universal. The studied area is an example of a diapir expressed by positive gravity anomaly and this result is supported by synthetic gravity models at different stages of salt piercing.  相似文献   

18.
Based on the digital models of the relief and gravity anomaly field, the linear geological structures have been analyzed within the test area (122–129°E, 52–60°N) at the junction between the Aldan-Stanovoi Shield and a fragment of the eastern part of the Central-Asian Foldbelt. The application of a special filter to the digital relief model and the further processing of the initial data with the WinLessa program allowed us to obtain new additional information on the structure of the considered area. As a result, the temporal succession in the development of the geodynamic processes at the Stanovoi and Mongol-Okhotsk system-forming fault zones was established from the Late Jurassic till the present time. An evolution model of the junction boundary was proposed for this territory.  相似文献   

19.
Total field magnetic data were collected over the Krishna-Godavari basin covering 20, 000 sq.km with an average spacing of 8.5 km. This was mainly to study the long wavelength features related with the deep structures. Aeromagnetic map of the region compared well with the ground maps. The anomaly maps show a combination of NE-SW, NS/NNE-SSW and NW-SE trends. The anomalies of ground data are transformed to isolate the sources at different depths. The second vertical derivative and downward continuation maps bring out clearly the NE-SW and NS/NNE-SSW trends related to the coastal basin and Eastern Ghats implying that they are shallow. These are probably superposed on much deeper NW-SE trending structural features of Pre-Gondwana breakup as evidenced in the Horizontal Gradient of Pseudogravity and upward continuation maps. From the offshore magnetic data it appears that these trends extend up to the Ocean Continent Boundary. It is inferred that the deeper features are associated with rifting of Dharwar and Bastar cratons within the Indian plate, prior to the rifting of India from Gondwanaland. The superposed horst and graben structures are related to the formation of the pull-apart Krishna-Godavari basin as a result of rifting and drifting of India from Gondwanaland. These two structural features are associated with two different tectonic events.  相似文献   

20.
A 3-D structural model of the Caribbean-South American plate boundary was constructed by gravity modeling. The model was constrained by four wide-angle seismic refraction sections, Moho depth estimations from receiver functions, and additionally seismological hypocenters, surface geology, and geodynamic information. Density values were calculated from empirical velocity-density functions, and mineralogical-chemical composition considering specific P/T conditions. We tested different structural models for Western and Eastern Venezuela. In the final model, the fit of the measured and modeled gravity fields for a long Caribbean slab in Western Venezuela was better than the fit obtained for a short one. This interpretation is consistent with the constraining data. The slab is interpreted to extend further to the south beneath Northern Colombia and culminates in the area of the seismic cluster of the Bucaramanga nest. The modeling estimates a slab dip angle under Maracaibo and Mérida Andes of 15°, which increases to 32° below 100 km depth. The dip direction of approx. N150°E ± 5 increases lightly eastward. In Eastern Venezuela, considering its short wavelength, lineaments analyzed from gravity data (by curvature methods and Euler deconvolution) seem to be related to shallow structures and density contrast in the Serranía del Interior and not from a deep detached slab beneath the continental crust. It is deduced from modeling results that this slab configuration has a very small influence on the gravity field. The slab was modeled according to the subduction-transform propagation model with purely westward subduction and a slab break off along a vertical dip-slip tear through the lithosphere.  相似文献   

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